CN113331013B - Method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinosum - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinosum relates to the field of lilium pinosum planting. The invention relates to a method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium songaricum, which comprises the following steps: step one, harvesting and pre-treating lilium pinifolium seeds; step two, preparing the lily bulb at a low temperature before dry sand storage and storing the lily bulb at the low temperature; step three, accelerating germination of the lilium pinosum; step four, sowing and maintenance management of the lilium pinifolium in winter in a greenhouse; step five, the lily seedlings are manually dormant at low temperature; step six, releasing dormancy of the lilium pinosum and cultivating, maintaining and managing in summer; step seven, forcing culture of lilium pinifolium seed bulbs; step eight, open field cultivation of the lilium pinifolium and preparation of a planting bed; and step nine, managing the planted lilium pinifolium. The invention aims to provide a method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinosum, which is used for improving germination rate and direct seeding rate of lilium pinosum seeds, shortening low-temperature germination accelerating time and breeding period of lilium pinosum, reducing propagation cost of lilium pinosum and realizing large-scale seedling breeding of lilium pinosum.

Description

Method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinosum

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of planting of lilies, in particular to a method for sowing and forcing culture of lilies.

Background

Lilium pinosum (Lilium cernuum) is also known as Lilium tenuifolium, a panel of Lilium in the Lilium (Lilium) plant classification, and also one of the most important wild species in asian hybrid lily breeding. The lily (Lilium cernuum) is mainly distributed in northeast China (Jilin province, liaoning province), korea peninsula, russia and the like, wherein the mountain of Changbai mountain (China, korea) is the main distribution area. The Lilium pinosum (Lilium cernuum) is the only purple-red wild lily with fragrance in northeast China.

At present, the propagation of the Lilium ceranum can be carried out by adopting technologies such as sowing, cutting, tissue culture and the like, but the cutting and tissue culture technologies have the defects of small seedling obtaining quantity and high cost, the seeding propagation of the seeds has the advantages of low cost and large seedling obtaining quantity, the seedling emergence rate of the Lilium ceranum is low, the later maintenance management difficulty is high, the seedling rate is low, meanwhile, the Lilium ceranum is a monocotyledonous plant, only 1 leaf grows in the first 3 years of growth, only flowers can appear from the 4 th year, and the seedlings can only bloom after at least 4 years.

Xu Ying the distribution, habitat, associated plants, population conditions and morphological characteristics of lily resources in Liaoning province were investigated, and the influence of different matrixes, GA3 concentrations and storage ages on seed germination was tested. The result shows that the lilium sinense has the functions of city, smooth city, stream city and open market in Liaoning province, and the lilium sinense grows in the grass, shrub or penumbra broadleaf forest, and has rich accompanying plants, narrow resource distribution range and greatly reduced wild population and individual quantity compared with the prior art. The underground bulb of the lilium sinense is oval, the leaf is linear, the flower is light purple, the flower sags and rolls back, the lilium sinense has fragrance, the capsule is rectangular, and the seed is inverted oval and semitransparent. The suitable matrix for seed germination is river sand, and the germination rate reaches 72.0%; GA3 with the concentration of 100-200 mg/L has a certain promotion effect on seed germination, and the germination rate reaches 80.0%; the mature seeds collected in the same year and the seeds stored for 1 year at 4 ℃ have high sowing germination rates which are more than 80.0 percent (Xu Ying and the like, and the research on lily resources and seed propagation and the research, seeds and 2011.8.25). In the technical scheme, the lilium pinosum seeds are sown after being stored for 1 year at the temperature of 4 ℃, the germination rate reaches more than 80.0 percent, and the defect of long low-temperature germination accelerating time of the seeds is overcome.

Hu Pengqing and the like, the seed characteristics and germination capacity of wild lilium tenuifolium seeds collected in the river-facing city of Jilin province are studied. The result shows that the lilium sinense seeds do not have dormancy characteristics, the germination starts in the 5 th day, the germination rate reaches 72.1%, the suitable germination conditions are an indoor temperature-changing environment without illumination (16-23 ℃), and the germination potential can reach 61%. Transplanting the seedlings into the trays with two different matrixes of 1 peat:1 vermiculite and 2 peat:1 perlite, wherein the survival rate is more than 90%. (Hu Pengqing, et al, agricultural science and information, 2015.4.25) germination test of lilium sinense seeds. In the technical scheme, the lilium pinosum seeds have no dormancy characteristic, the live seeding rate reaches 72.1%, the transplanting survival rate reaches more than 90%, and the lilium pinosum seeds have the defect of low seeding rate.

Chen Shaopeng and the like, research on a wild lilium sinense introduction and breeding technology in Changbai mountain areas. The method comprises the following steps: the optimal induction culture medium of the lilium pinosum is MS basic culture medium, and the hormone combination is 6-BA 1.0mg/L and NAA 0.3mg/L; the proliferation culture medium is MS basic culture medium added with 30g of sucrose, the hormone is 6-BA 1.0mg/L and NAA 0.1 mg/L, and the subculture time is 30 days; the addition of NAA 0.5mg/L, IBA, 0.5mg/L and 20g/L sucrose into 1/2MS culture medium can promote healthy growth of root system. And (5) training the rooted wild lilium sinense seedlings, and transplanting after 2 days. The growth is best in matrix of grass carbon, garden soil, river sand=2:1:1. After transplanting, the survival rate of the lilium pinifolium seedlings is 79.0 percent (Chen Shaopeng and the like, and 2016.9.14, the research on introduction and breeding technology of wild lilium in Changbai mountain area, jilin, forestry science research institute).

Chen Shaopeng and the like are used for researching the influence of different cuttage conditions on asexual propagation of the lilium pinosum. The method comprises the following steps: adopts lilium pinifolium scale as material, adopts 3 matrixes of river sand, perlite and turfy soil, and 200 mg.L ^-1 And performing bulblet cutting test on IAA and NAA with the concentration after being treated by the two hormones, and determining the rooting rate, root length, quality of new-born bulbs, diameter of bulbs, number of bulbs and cotyledon length of the lilium pinnata. The results show that IAA river sand matrix cutting pine needle lily scales are most suitable, the rooting time is shortest, the rooting rate is highest and reaches 97%, the root length is 9.18cm, the quality of the new-born seed balls is 0.13g, the diameter of the seed balls is 0.62cm, the cotyledon length is 0.76cm, and 2.47 new-born seed balls are produced (Chen Shaopeng and the like, the influence of different cutting conditions on the asexual propagation of the pine needle lily is agricultural and technical, 2020.11.15). In the technical scheme, the cuttage and tissue culture mode is used for asexual propagation of the lilium pinosum, the technology is complex, the plant is less to obtain, large-scale seedling propagation is difficult, and the cost is high.

Up to the present, there is no report on a cultivation method for promoting cultivation of lily with pine needles and maintenance management after sowing Guan Songshe lily.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinosum, which is used for improving germination rate and direct seeding rate of lilium pinosum seeds, shortening low-temperature germination accelerating time and breeding period of lilium pinosum, reducing propagation cost of lilium pinosum and realizing large-scale seedling breeding of lilium pinosum.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the invention relates to a method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinosum, which mainly comprises the following steps:

step one, harvesting and pre-treating lilium pinifolium seeds;

step two, preparing the lily bulb at a low temperature before dry sand storage and storing the lily bulb at the low temperature;

step three, accelerating germination of the lilium pinosum;

step four, sowing and maintenance management of the lilium pinifolium in winter in a greenhouse;

step five, the lily seedlings are manually dormant at low temperature;

step six, releasing dormancy of the lilium pinosum and cultivating, maintaining and managing in summer;

step seven, forcing culture of lilium pinifolium seed bulbs;

step eight, open field cultivation of the lilium pinifolium and preparation of a planting bed;

and step nine, managing the planted lilium pinifolium.

As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation procedure of the first step is as follows:

harvesting in the next 9 th year when the capsules are withered and yellow and are not cracked, indoor ventilation drying for 15-20 days, taking out the seeds after the capsules are completely cracked, removing immature seeds and impurities, and storing the treated lilium pinnata seeds in a self-sealing bag.

In a preferred embodiment, the specific operation procedure of the second step is as follows:

screening the dried river sand with a soil sieve with a 1.0mm aperture, cleaning with running water, soaking for 30min with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, washing with clear water for more than 3 times, airing the sterilized and cleaned fine sand in a metal disc, and controlling the water content to be below 1%;

mixing Bulbus Lilii Sonchifoliae seed and fine sand at a volume ratio of 1:3, placing into self-sealing bag or sealed plastic box, and refrigerating at 4deg.C for 60 days to 12 middle ten days.

As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation procedure of the third step is as follows:

taking out the seed sand mixture after 60 days of sand storage, soaking the seed sand mixture in 1.0% carbendazim solution or 1.0% chlorothalonil solution for 30min-1h, washing the seed sand mixture with clear water for 2-3 times, soaking the seed sand mixture in warm water at 30 ℃ for 12-18h at room temperature until white seed embryos in the middle of the lilium pinosum seeds can be clearly observed, pouring the soaked clear water, and then placing the seed sand mixture in a climatic chamber, and carrying out temperature change treatment for 5 days at 25 ℃, 16h and 16 ℃ for 8 h.

As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation procedure of the fourth step is as follows:

(1) Winter greenhouse sowing of lilium pinifolium

Using a plastic seedling raising tray with a bottom drain hole to raise seedlings, and mixing the culture medium according to the volume ratio of turfy soil to perlite to decomposed deer manure of 3:1:0.5; placing a part of cultivation substrate in a plastic seedling tray, compacting, uniformly scattering and compacting the loose leaf lily seeds subjected to temperature change treatment and fine sand, so that the loose leaf lily seeds are fully contacted with the cultivation substrate; filling the plastic seedling raising tray with the residual culture medium and compacting; slowly irrigating and sterilizing with 3000 times of hymexazol;

(2) Winter greenhouse maintenance management for lilium pinifolium

After sowing, moving the plastic seedling raising tray into a winter greenhouse, wherein the temperature of the greenhouse at night is controlled to be 10-15 ℃ and the temperature of the greenhouse at daytime is controlled to be 20-25 ℃; keeping the culture medium moist but not ponding before emergence, neatly emergence within 15-20 days, and spraying the hymexazol 3000 times liquid for 1 time every 7-10 days after emergence.

As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation procedure of the fifth step is as follows:

digging out the seedling of Song Yew lily together with the lower bulb in the middle 4 th year, removing the upper cotyledon and the lower root system, drying in the shade for 1 day, refrigerating at 4deg.C to promote dormancy of Song Yew lily, and dormancy for 60 days to middle 6 months.

As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation procedure of the step six is as follows:

sowing the pine needle lily bulbs after dormancy at low temperature according to the fourth step to release dormancy in the middle ten days of 6 months; placing a plastic seedling raising tray outdoors in a flat Miao Chuangshang way, erecting an arch shed on a seedling bed, and covering the arch shed with a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 75-95% to prevent and remove artificial weeds, so as to keep the culture medium in the plastic seedling raising tray moist but not accumulate water; and (5) cultivating and maintaining the lilium pinosum in summer until the period of 10 months is reached, and stopping growing the lilium pinosum.

As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation procedure of the step seven is as follows:

digging out the bulb of the lilium pinosum in the plastic seedling raising tray in the middle 10 months, carrying out the second artificial low-temperature dormancy according to the fifth step, dormancy for 60 days to the middle 12 months, planting and curing according to the fourth step until the middle 4 months of the third year, and finally carrying out the third artificial low-temperature dormancy according to the fifth step.

As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation procedure of the step eight is as follows:

selecting a higher place as a planting field, removing broken stone and weeds in soil of a seedling bed for open field cultivation of the lilium Pini Maxim before planting, and uniformly spreading 3.0g of chlorflufenapyr on each square meter of seedling bed; soaking the lilium pinosum seed bulbs in 0.5% carbendazim solution for 30min-1h before planting, draining water after soaking, and drying in the shade for 1-2h at a cool and ventilated place to ensure that no water exists on the surfaces of the lilium pinosum seed bulbs; the lilium pinosum seed bulbs are planted according to the plant row spacing of 5.0cm multiplied by 5.0cm, and the planting depth is 8.0-10.0cm.

As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation procedure of step nine is as follows:

irrigation is not carried out after the open field planting of the lilium pinosum, and weeds are removed regularly; after the overground part grows, enough illumination is ensured, and 1000 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate liquid is sprayed every 10-15 days until the flowers are opened in the current year to stop spraying.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

at present, part of researches prove that the lilium pinosum seeds do not have dormancy characteristics, so that the lilium pinosum seeds are directly subjected to direct seeding after being harvested or directly subjected to direct seeding after being stored for 1 year at 4 ℃, and the seeding mode leads to the germination rate of the lilium pinosum to be only 72.0-80%, and the emergence rate to be 72.1%. In addition, the lilium pinosum grows slowly, the seeds stop growing after 9 months of maturity each year, enter a dormant state, and start growing until the middle 5 th year, which results in that the lilium pinosum needs to dormant for more than 4 years in winter at least 3 times from sowing to flowering.

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention adopts the methods of low-temperature dry sand storage seeds, constant-temperature seed soaking, manual temperature-changing germination acceleration, winter greenhouse sowing, winter greenhouse seedling management and manual dormancy promotion, so that the germination rate of the lilium pinosum reaches more than 90 percent, the emergence rate reaches more than 90 percent, and the germination rate and the emergence rate of the lilium pinosum are improved. Meanwhile, the preservation rate of the lilium pinosum is up to more than 90% by means of shading maintenance and soil disinfestation.

The method breaks seed ball dormancy by adopting a staged low-temperature storage loose leaf lily seed ball and greenhouse winter cultivation mode, and simultaneously carries out forcing culture so as to solve the problem that the loose leaf lily flowers after being sown for more than 4 years, the loose leaf lily flowers from the original 4 years, reduces the period of breeding the loose leaf lily to half flowers after 2 years of cultivation, greatly shortens the breeding period of the loose leaf lily, reduces the breeding cost of the loose leaf lily, and rapidly obtains a large number of seedlings by using seeds.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinosum of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1

1. Harvesting and pretreatment of lilium songaricum seeds

The harvesting of the lilium pinifolium seeds is carried out in 2017, 9 and 20 days, and the lilium pinifolium seeds are harvested when capsules are withered and yellow and are not cracked. And (3) taking the harvested capsules back into the room, drying the capsules at a ventilation drying position for 15 days, taking out the seeds in the capsules after the capsules are completely cracked, placing the seeds on white paper, blowing by adopting a small electric fan with the voltage of 5V and 3W to remove immature seeds and impurities of the capsules, and storing the treated lilium pinnata seeds in a self-sealing bag.

2. Preparation before low-temperature dry sand storage of lilium pinifolium and low-temperature dry sand storage

And screening the dried river sand by using a soil screen with the aperture of 1.0mm, and fully cleaning the river sand by using running water. Soaking fine sand in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 30min, washing with clear water for 3 times, placing sterilized and cleaned fine sand in a metal tray, sun-drying to remove excessive water, and measuring water content of fine sand with hygrometer to 0.8%.

3. Low temperature dry sand reservoir

Mixing the impurity-removed lilium pinosum seeds and the washed and aired fine sand uniformly according to the volume ratio of 1:3 in 10 months and 20 days in 2017, placing the mixture in a self-sealing bag or a sealed plastic box, and refrigerating the mixture in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 60 days to 12 months and 20 days.

4. Sprouting of lilium pinifolium

Taking out the seed sand mixture after 60 days of sand storage, soaking the seed sand mixture in 1.0% carbendazim solution for 30min, cleaning the seed sand mixture with clear water for 2 times, placing the seed sand mixture in a plastic box, soaking the seed sand mixture in warm water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 12h at room temperature until white seed embryos in the middle of the lilium pinosum seeds can be clearly observed, pouring out the soaked clear water, placing the seed sand mixture in an artificial climate box together with the plastic box, and adopting variable temperature treatment at the temperature of 25 ℃, 16h and 16 ℃ for 8h for 5 days.

After the temperature change treatment is finished, 300 pieces of lilium pinosum seeds are selected from the seed sand mixture and are divided into 3 groups, 100 pieces of lilium pinosum seeds in each group are subjected to germination test and serve as treatment groups, and untreated seeds stored indoors serve as control groups, wherein the quantity of the seeds is the same as that of the treatment groups. Two layers of filter paper are paved in a culture dish, 25 seeds are placed in each dish after the filter paper is fully absorbed with water, the temperature is stabilized at 25 ℃ in an incubator, water supplementing is needed in time in the test process, the germination rate is observed and counted every day, multiple comparisons are carried out at the same time, and the test results are shown in table 1. The result shows that the germination rate of the treated lilium pinosum seeds is obviously improved to 92.67%, and the germination rate is obviously different from that of the control group of 62.00%.

TABLE 1 germination percentage of lilium Sonchifolium seeds

Group of	Germination percentage (%)
		Treatment group	92.67±3.64A
Control group	62.00±5.33B

The capital letters in the tables represent the difference significance analysis results, and p is less than or equal to 0.01.

5. Greenhouse sowing and maintenance management for lilium pinifolium in winter

(1) Winter greenhouse sowing of lilium pinifolium

The new seedling of the lilium pinosum is thin and weak, so that a plastic seedling tray with drain holes at the bottom and specifications of 54cm multiplied by 27cm multiplied by 6cm is adopted for seedling cultivation. Placing 4cm deep culture medium in plastic seedling tray and compacting, soaking 300 seeds (one group per 100 seeds) of lilium songaricum seeds after low-temperature sand storage for 60d and 30 ℃ warm water for 12h and variable temperature treatment for 5 days as treatment group, selecting untreated seeds of the same quantity and group as control group, uniformly scattering the untreated seeds together with fine sand into plastic seedling tray and compacting, making lilium songaricum seeds fully contact with lower culture medium, and filling plastic seedling tray with the rest culture medium and compacting. The culture medium is prepared by mixing turfy soil, perlite and decomposed deer manure according to the volume ratio of 3:1:0.5. The control group and the treatment group are slowly irrigated by using the hymexazol 3000 times liquid, so that the soil is fully sterilized, and damping-off is prevented.

(2) Winter greenhouse maintenance management for lilium pinifolium

After sowing, moving the plastic seedling raising tray into a winter greenhouse, curing in the greenhouse, wherein the temperature of the greenhouse at night is controlled to be 10-15 ℃ and the temperature at daytime is controlled to be 20-25 ℃; keeping the culture medium moist but not ponding before emergence, neatly emergence within 15-20 days, and spraying the hymexazol 3000 times liquid for 1 time 7-10 days after emergence to prevent damping-off. As the plastic seedling raising tray is adopted for sowing, less weeds are generated, and a small amount of weeds are removed manually.

The emergence rate was measured after 20 days, and the test results are shown in Table 2. The result shows that the emergence rate of the lilium songaricum seeds after the temperature change treatment reaches 93.33%, and the difference reaches a very significant level compared with an untreated control group.

TABLE 2 emergence rate of lilium songaricum seeds

Treatment of	Germination percentage (%)
		Treatment group	93.33±4.24A
Control group	68.67±4.62B

The capital letters in the tables represent the difference significance analysis results, and p is less than or equal to 0.01.

6. Artificial low-temperature dormancy of lilium pinifolium seedlings

Digging out the seedlings of the lilium pinifolium which grow for 4 months in a winter greenhouse together with the lower bulbs in the period of 15 days of 4 months in 2018, subtracting off the upper cotyledons and the lower root systems, and placing the treated bulbs in a shade place for drying in shade for 1 day. And (3) putting the dried bulb of the lilium pinosum into a self-sealing bag, and refrigerating in a refrigerator at the temperature of 4 ℃ to promote the lilium pinosum to sleep for 60 days to 6 middle ten days. Meanwhile, 100 pine needles and lily are reserved without low-temperature dormancy treatment.

7. Dormancy release and summer cultivation maintenance management for lilium songaricum

Seeding the low-temperature dormant bulb of the lilium pinifolium in step 5 (1) on the 6 th and 10 th 2018 days to release dormancy, and placing the low-temperature dormant treatment group and the untreated group on an outdoor flat seedling bed at the same time. The seedling bed is provided with a small arch shed by adopting glass fiber arch bars, the arch height of the small arch shed is 0.8m, the span is 1.0m, the sunshade net with the sunshade rate of 75% is adopted to cover the sunshade shed, the weed control is manually carried out, and the moist but no ponding of the cultivation matrix in the plastic seedling tray is kept. And (5) cultivating, maintaining and managing the lilium pinosum in summer until the period of 10 months and 20 days in 2018, and stopping growing the lilium pinosum.

8. Seed bulb forcing cultivation of lilium pinifolium

Digging out the lilium pinosum seed bulbs of the low-temperature dormancy treatment group in the middle 10 months, manually performing low-temperature dormancy again according to the step 6, dormancy for 60 days to 20 days of 12 months in 2018, then placing the lilium pinosum seed bulbs in a greenhouse again according to the step 5 (1) for planting, and digging out the seed bulbs according to the step 5 (2) for managing the greenhouse maintenance in winter to 15 days of 4 months in 2019. Finally, according to the step 6, the third artificial low-temperature dormancy is carried out on the 4 th month and the 20 th month of 2019 until the 15 th month of 2019. The control group was subjected to outdoor overwintering and maintenance management during the period from 15 th month of 2018 to 15 th month of 2019. The two groups were compared for growth on day 1, 8 in 2019, and the results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 growth status of Song Yew lily

Treatment of	Weight of seed ball (g)	Whether or not to bloom	Number of flowers	Overground part
					Treatment group	5.07±0.54A	Is that	1-2	With upstanding stems
Control group	1.52±0.12B	Whether or not	0	Without upstanding stems

9. Open field cultivation and bed preparation of lilium pinosum

The higher position of the topography is selected as the planting land to prevent water accumulation. The open field cultivation seedbed of the lilium pinosum is 2.0m wide and 0.2m high, the open field cultivation seedbed soil of the lilium pinosum is used for removing rubble, weeds and other garbage before planting, and 3.0g of chlorofluorothiamethoxam is uniformly spread on each flat rice seedbed for preventing grubs from damaging.

Soaking the lilium pinosum seed bulbs in 0.5% carbendazim solution for 1h before planting, draining water after soaking, and drying in the shade for 1h at a cool and ventilated place to ensure that no water exists on the surfaces of the lilium pinosum seed bulbs. The lilium pinosum seed bulbs are planted according to the plant row spacing of 5.0cm multiplied by 5.0cm, and the planting depth is 10.0cm.

10. Post-planting management of lilium pinosum

The lily can meet the water demand by natural rainfall without irrigation after field planting of the lily in the open field so as to prevent and control seed bulb rot, and weeds can be removed regularly. After the overground part grows, enough illumination is ensured, and 1000 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate liquid is sprayed every 15 days until the overground part flowers in the same year, and the spraying is stopped.

The invention discloses a method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinosum, which can be realized by appropriately improving technological parameters by a person skilled in the art by referring to the content of the specification. It is expressly noted that all such similar substitutions and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and are deemed to be included in the present invention. While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that variations and modifications can be made in the invention described herein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. The method for sowing and forcing culture of the lilium pinifolium is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step one, harvesting and pre-treating lilium pinifolium seeds;

harvesting in the next 9 th year when the capsules are withered and yellow and are not cracked, indoor ventilation drying for 15-20 days, taking out the seeds and removing immature seeds and impurities after the capsules are completely cracked, and storing the treated lilium pinnata seeds in a self-sealing bag;

step two, preparing the lily bulb at a low temperature before dry sand storage and storing the lily bulb at the low temperature;

screening the dried river sand with a soil sieve with a 1.0mm aperture, cleaning with running water, soaking for 30min with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, washing with clear water for more than 3 times, airing the sterilized and cleaned fine sand in a metal disc, and controlling the water content to be below 1%;

uniformly mixing the lilium pinifolium seeds and the fine sand according to the volume ratio of 1:3, placing the mixture into a self-sealing bag or a sealed plastic box, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ for 60 days to 12 middle ten days;

step three, accelerating germination of the lilium pinosum;

taking out the seed sand mixture after 60 days of sand storage, soaking the seed sand mixture for 30min to 1h by using 1.0% carbendazim solution or 1.0% chlorothalonil solution, cleaning the seed sand mixture for 2 to 3 times by using clear water, soaking the seed sand mixture for 12 to 18h by using warm water at the temperature of 30 ℃ until white seed embryos in the middle of the lilium pinosum seeds can be clearly observed, pouring the soaked clear water, and then placing the seed sand mixture in a climatic chamber, and carrying out temperature change treatment for 5 days at the temperature of 25 ℃, 16h and 16 h;

step four, sowing and maintenance management of the lilium pinifolium in winter in a greenhouse;

(1) Winter greenhouse sowing of lilium pinifolium

Using a plastic seedling raising tray with a bottom drain hole to raise seedlings, and mixing the culture medium according to the volume ratio of turfy soil to perlite to decomposed deer manure of 3:1:0.5; placing a part of cultivation substrate in a plastic seedling tray, compacting, uniformly scattering and compacting the loose leaf lily seeds subjected to temperature change treatment and fine sand, so that the loose leaf lily seeds are fully contacted with the cultivation substrate; filling the plastic seedling raising tray with the residual culture medium and compacting; slowly irrigating and sterilizing with 3000 times of hymexazol;

(2) Winter greenhouse maintenance management for lilium pinifolium

After sowing, moving the plastic seedling raising tray into a winter greenhouse, wherein the temperature of the greenhouse at night is controlled to be 10-15 ℃ and the temperature of the greenhouse at daytime is controlled to be 20-25 ℃; keeping the culture medium moist but not accumulating water before emergence, and regularly emergence within 15-20 days, wherein the hymexazol 3000 times liquid is sprayed for 1 time 7-10 days after emergence;

step five, the lily seedlings are manually dormant at low temperature;

digging out the seedling of Song Yew lily together with the lower bulb in the middle 4 th year, removing the upper cotyledon and the lower root system, drying in the shade for 1 day, refrigerating at 4deg.C to promote dormancy of Song Yew lily, and dormancy for 60 days to middle 6 months;

step six, releasing dormancy of the lilium pinosum and cultivating, maintaining and managing in summer;

sowing the pine needle lily bulbs after dormancy at low temperature according to the fourth step to release dormancy in the middle ten days of 6 months; placing a plastic seedling raising tray outdoors in a flat Miao Chuangshang way, erecting an arch shed on a seedling bed, and covering the arch shed with a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 75-95% to prevent and remove artificial weeds, so as to keep the culture medium in the plastic seedling raising tray moist but not accumulate water; culturing and maintaining the lilium pinifolium in summer until the period of 10 months is reached, and stopping growing the lilium pinifolium;

step seven, forcing culture of lilium pinifolium seed bulbs;

digging out the bulb of the lilium pinosum in the plastic seedling raising tray in the middle 10 months, carrying out the second artificial low-temperature dormancy according to the fifth step, dormancy for 60 days to the middle 12 months, planting and curing management according to the fourth step to the middle 4 months of the third year, and finally carrying out the third artificial low-temperature dormancy according to the fifth step;

step eight, open field cultivation of the lilium pinifolium and preparation of a planting bed;

and step nine, managing the planted lilium pinifolium.

2. The method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinifolium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation procedure of the step eight is as follows:

selecting a higher place as a planting field, removing broken stone and weeds in soil of a seedling bed for open field cultivation of the lilium Pini Maxim before planting, and uniformly spreading 3.0g of chlorflufenapyr on each square meter of seedling bed; soaking the lilium pinosum seed bulbs in 0.5% carbendazim solution for 30min-1h before planting, draining water after soaking, and drying in the shade for 1-2h at a cool and ventilated place to ensure that no water exists on the surfaces of the lilium pinosum seed bulbs; the lilium pinosum seed bulbs are planted according to the plant row spacing of 5.0cm multiplied by 5.0cm, and the planting depth is 8.0-10.0cm.

3. The method for sowing and forcing culture of lilium pinifolium as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific operation procedure of step nine is as follows:

irrigation is not carried out after the open field planting of the lilium pinosum, and weeds are removed regularly; after the overground part grows, enough illumination is ensured, and 1000 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate liquid is sprayed every 10-15 days until the flowers are opened in the current year to stop spraying.