GB2609995A

GB2609995A - Cultivation method of seedling from seed of wild ancient tea tree and method for preparing seedling tea

Info

Publication number: GB2609995A
Application number: GB2114541.2A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Lei Baokun; Mao Yanting; Guo Shufang; Chen Anqiang; Guo Yunzhou; Liu Jianxiang; Xu Yongbo; Liu Xiaobing; Ping Fengchao; Wu Xiyu; Li Sunning; Gao Fan
Original assignee: Agricultural Environmental Resources Res Institute Yunnan Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Agricultural Environmental Resources Res Institute Yunnan Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-08-17
Filing date: 2021-10-12
Publication date: 2023-02-22
Also published as: CN113557906A; GB202114541D0

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a cultivation method of seedling from seed of wild ancient tea tree and a method for preparing seedling tea and comprises the following steps: soaking wild ancient tea seeds, seeding the soaked tea seeds in quartz sand and cultivating to obtain tea seedlings 5 and transplanting the seedlings into an artificial substrate, attaching bryophytes 7 to the trunks of the seedlings, planting shade enduring herbs 6 around the seedlings, intercropping shrubs with the seedlings, wherein the artificial substrate comprises a litter (mulch layer) 1, an organic layer 2, a loamy soil layer 3 and a clayey soil layer 4. The cultivating condition comprises an air humidity of ≥60%, a temperature of 15-35°C and continuous ventilation for 5-15 minutes daily. The method of the present disclosure simulates a wild environment for wild ancient tea seedlings, including simulation of natural soil layers, companion planting, temperature control, humidity control, and ventilation. Also disclosed is a method of preparing seedling tea comprising using the cultivation method to obtain wild tea seedlings, picking leaves, successively tedding, withering, de-enzyming and post-ferment the picked leaves to obtain the tea.

Description

CULTIVATION METHOD OF SEEDLING FROM SEED OF WILD ANCIENT TEA

TREE AND METHOD FOR PREPARING SEEDLING TEA

TECHNICAL FIELD

[1] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of agricultural production, and in particular to a cultivation method of seedling from seed of wild ancient tea tree and a method for preparing seedling tea.

BACKGROUND ART

[2] Ancient tea trees refer to wild ancient tea trees and their communities distributed in natural forests, and semi-domesticated artificially cultivated wild tea trees, and tea trees artificially cultivated in centuried tea gardens. Arbor tea trees that survive for more than a century and ancient tree communities that exist in tea regions in Xishuangbanna, Lincang, and Puler, Yunnan Province, as well as Phongsali in northern Laos are scarce and mostly grow in untraversed deep mountains and forests. Plant germplasm resources are human valuable wealth and sustainable strategic resources in the agricultural industry. Therefore, ancient tea resources are particularly important.

[3] Ancient tea trees are deeply rooted, with no need of artificial watering and fertilization.

All desired water and nutrients are absorbed by roots. Ancient tree tea belongs to environmentally friendly tea. Ancient trees have adapted to local ecological environment, having adapted to and being resistant to various pests and diseases. Therefore, pesticide use is not needed. Compared with other tea, ancient tree tea is more natural and pollution-free. Ancient trees are deeply rooted in the soil, favoring the absorption of nutrients from the deep underground soil and transformation into nutrient substances. Therefore, with rich contents, the ancient tree tea is more durable and aromatic, tastes mellow and sweet after taste, and promotes the secretion of saliva. Compared with other tea, it needs no fertilization. Hence, the ancient tree tea is more natural. The ancient tree tea is only distributed in six major ancient tea mountains and six major new tea mountains and regions. The ancient tree tea is more expensive than tableland tea because of its very low yield and difficulty in picking. Ancient tea gardens, with uniqueness in China and worldwide, are natural and cultural heritages, which have significant scientific, cultural, and economic value.

[4] Wild tea trees are unique and scarce resources. Wild tea tree resource is a precious gene pool of germplasm resources for human beings, which is of great value in studying the origin of tea trees, tea culture, and ecological history of tea. If scarce and precious wild tea trees are directly used in tea production and come into the market, they will be destroyed, going against the protection of wild tea trees.

SUMMARY

[5] An objective of the present disclosure is to provide a cultivation method of seedling from seed of wild ancient tea tree and a method for preparing seedling tea. The present disclosure can realize the artificial breeding and cultivation of wild ancient tea trees, so as to overcome the destruction of scarce and precious plant resources by artificial picking of wild ancient tree tea and meet people's demand for wild ancient tea products.

[6] To achieve the above objective, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions: [7] The present disclosure provides a cultivation method of seedling from seed of wild ancient tea tree, including the following steps: step 1, soaking wild ancient tea seeds; step 2, seeding soaked wild ancient tea seeds in quartz sand, and cultivating seedlings to obtain tea seedlings; and step 3, transplanting the tea seedlings into an artificial substrate, attaching bryophytes to trunks of the tea seedlings, planting shade-enduring herbs around the tea seedlings, intercropping shrubs with the tea seedlings, and cultivating the tea seedlings to obtain wild ancient tea seedlings; in which the artificial substrate includes a litter horizon, an organic horizon, a loamy soil horizon, and a clayey soil horizon successively from top to bottom; and cultivating conditions include: an air humidity of >60%, a temperature of 15-35°C, and continuous ventilation for 5-15 min daily.

[8] Preferably, the litter horizon may be 5-10 cm thick; raw materials of the organic horizon may include humic substances; the organic horizon may be 5-10 cm thick; raw materials of the loamy soil horizon may include organic matters and sand grains; the loamy soil horizon may be 20-30 cm thick; raw materials of the clayey soil horizon may include clay minerals; the clayey soil horizon may be 5-10 cm thick.

[9] Preferably, in step 2, a seeding depth may be 2-4 cm.

[10] Preferably, the quartz sand may be an undersize component sieved through a screen with a pore size of 3 mm [11] Preferably, in step 3, the cultivating may further include spraying of tea seedlings; the spraying may be conducted once or twice every 3 days; each spraying may last for 25-35 min. [12] Preferably, in step 3, transplanted tea seedlings may have a plant height of 5-6 cm.

[13] Preferably, after the wild ancient tea seedlings are obtained, robust seedlings may further be selected from the wild ancient tea seedlings for continuous cultivation; top-dressing may be conducted during the continuous cultivation; the top-dressing may be conducted every March, June, and September.

[14] Preferably, fertilizers for the top-dressing may include a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a legume-based green manure, and organic manures.

[15] The present disclosure further provides a method for preparing seedling tea, including the following steps: using the cultivation method according to the foregoing solution to obtain wild ancient tea seedlings; and picking fresh tea leaves from the wild ancient tea seedlings, successively tedding, withering, de-enzyming, and postfennenting picked fresh tea leaves to obtain the tea of wild ancient tea seedlings; where the de-enzyming is conducted at 90-110°C for 8-12 min; a de-enzyming pattern includes stir-frying de-enzyming.

[16] Preferably, the withering may be conducted for 1-2 days.

[17] The present disclosure provides a cultivation method of seedling from seed of wild ancient tea tree. The method of the present disclosure simulates a wild environment for wild ancient tea seedlings, including simulation of natural soil horizon, companion planting, temperature control, humidity control, and ventilation. Simulation of the wild environment for wild ancient tea seedlings can restore the growth process of wild tea trees as far as possible, promote the healthy growth of the wild ancient tea seedlings, and improve the quality of tea of wild ancient tea seedlings. In the present disclosure scarce and precious wild ancient tea resources are protected by artificial cultivation measures, avoiding the disappearance of the wild ancient tea trees caused by human destruction of the wild ancient tea trees, and meeting the people's demand for wild ancient tea products. The method of the present disclosure protects scarce and precious wild ancient tea resources, enables artificial breeding and cultivation of wild ancient tea trees, and realizes the artificial manufacturing and sustainable supply of wild ancient tea products. Moreover, in the present disclosure, wild ancient tea seedlings are bred by using wild ancient tea seeds. The tea seedlings carry genetic materials of the wild ancient tea trees, conferring uniqueness on tea products.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[18] FIG. 1 is a flowchart of Example 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[19] The present disclosure provides a cultivation method of seedling from seed of wild ancient tea tree, including the following steps: step 1, soaking wild ancient tea seeds; step 2, seeding soaked wild ancient tea seeds in quartz sand, and cultivating seedlings to obtain tea seedlings; and step 3, transplanting the tea seedlings into an artificial substrate, attaching bryophytes to trunks of the tea seedlings, planting shade-enduring herbs around the tea seedlings, intercropping shrubs with the tea seedlings, and cultivating the tea seedlings to obtain wild ancient tea seedlings; in which the artificial substrate includes a litter horizon, an organic horizon, a loamy soil horizon, and a clayey soil horizon successively from top to bottom; cultivating conditions include: a humidity of >60%, a temperature of 15-35°C, and ventilation for 5-15 min/day.

[20] In the present disclosure, first of all, wild ancient tea seeds are soaked.

[21] In the present disclosure, the wild ancient tea seeds may be picked from wild ancient tea trees; the seeds may preferably be picked from after-September to the fall when the wild ancient tea seeds are ripe; the picked seeds may preferably be stored in an air-permeable net bag; the picked seeds may preferably be placed in a dry, cool, and well-ventilated place; the picked seeds may preferably be spread out and dried out to a seed moisture content of <20% in order to ensure seed viability.

[22] In the present disclosure, after the wild ancient tea seeds are picked, selection of high-quality wild ancient tea seeds may preferably be included; the selection may preferably be implemented by floatation process. The floatation process may include the following steps: soaking the picked wild ancient tea seeds in water, stirring and leaving the seeds to stand, where some tea seeds will keep afloat because of poor quality thereof; removing floating tea seeds, where the remaining sunk tea seeds are the high-quality wild ancient tea seeds. In the present disclosure, water temperature for the soaking may preferably be 18-22°C, and more preferably 20°C; the standing may preferably last for 3-8 min, and more preferably 5 min. [23] In the present disclosure, the soaking may preferably include a step of soaking the wild ancient tea seeds in clean water for 2-4 days; the soaking may preferably last for 3 days; the clean water may preferably be changed daily during the soaking; the soaking may preferably be conducted at 18-22°C, and more preferably 20°C; water quantity for the soaking may be subject to submerging the wild ancient tea seeds with the clean water.

[24] In the present disclosure, soaked wild ancient tea seeds are seeded in quartz sand, and seedlings are cultivated to obtain tea seedlings.

[25] In the present disclosure, the quartz sand may preferably be an undersize component sieved through a screen with a pore size of 3 mm. Moisture content of the quartz sand may preferably be 50%-80%, and more preferably 60%-70%. A method for maintaining the moisture content of the quartz sand may be to spray to the quartz sand; the spraying may preferably be conducted once daily. In the present disclosure, the quartz sand may preferably be cleaned and disinfected; disinfectant may include: a 3 wt% carbendazim solution or a 0.1 wt% potassium permanganate solution. In the present disclosure, the disinfected quartz sand may preferably be placed in a plug tray and spread out; the plug tray may preferably be 5-10 cm, and more preferably 8 cm in thickness. In the present disclosure, the plug tray may preferably be placed in a greenhouse; the greenhouse may preferably be controlled at 20-30°C, and more preferably 25°C.

[26] In the present disclosure, a seeding depth may preferably be 2-4 cm, and more preferably 3 cm. When the tea seeds germinate and emerge, its resistance to mechanical resistance is relatively weak, and the seeds are appropriate to be buried in a depth of 2-4 cm, helping improve germination rate.

[27] In the present disclosure, the seedlings may preferably be cultivated for 20-30 days, and more preferably 25 days. Based on the length of the tea seedlings (5-6 cm), the tea seedlings with a plant height of 5-6 cm are appropriate to be transplanted; the seedlings may preferably be cultivated at 20-30°C, and more preferably 25°C.

[28] In the present disclosure, after the tea seedlings are obtained, the tea seedlings are transplanted into an artificial substrate, bryophytes are attached to trunks of the tea seedlings, shade-enduring herbs are planted around the tea seedlings, shrubs are intercropped with the tea seedlings, and the tea seedlings are cultivated to obtain wild ancient tea seedlings.

[29] In the present disclosure, the artificial substrate may include a litter horizon, an organic horizon, a loamy soil horizon, and a clayey soil horizon successively from top to bottom.

[30] In the present disclosure, raw materials of the litter horizon may preferably include plant residues; the plant residues may preferably be agricultural waste; the agricultural waste may preferably be crop straw; the litter horizon may preferably be 5-10 cm, and more preferably 6-8 cm thick; the litter horizon may provide a protective layer for the wild ancient tea seedlings, prevent the ground from excessive rainwash, and holding the temperature and humidity; after the litter is decomposed by microbes, nutrient elements and carbon source materials may be provided for the wild ancient tea seedlings.

[31] In the present disclosure, raw materials of the organic horizon may preferably include humic substances; the humic substances may preferably include one or more of humus soil, peat, and biochar. In the specific implementation of the present disclosure, organic matter may preferably be derived from the organic matter formed during the humification of superficial litter horizon and that formed by plant root precipitation; the organic horizon may preferably be 6-8 cm thick; the organic horizon may preferably simulate an organic horizon under natural conditions, providing carbon source materials for soil and improving soil structure, and providing an excellent living environment and energy substances for soil microbes and plants.

[32] In the present disclosure, raw materials of the loamy soil horizon may preferably include organic matter and sand grains; the loamy soil horizon may be 20-30 cm, preferably 22-28 cm, and more preferably 25 cm thick; the loamy soil horizon is main space where tea tree roots grow and absorb nutrients and water.

[33] In the present disclosure, raw materials of the clayey soil horizon may preferably include clay minerals; the clayey soil horizon may be 5-10 cm, and preferably 8 cm thick; the clay minerals may preferably include bentonite and/or kaolin; the clayey soil horizon may play a major role in preventing leakage of water and fertilizers.

[34] In the present disclosure, the loamy soil horizon and the clayey soil horizon constitute a soil horizon; in the present disclosure, the soil horizon is a key horizon that fixes the wild ancient tea seedlings and provides nutrients, and the soil horizon is constructed by using natural or artificial soil; soil constituents of the natural soil are not particularly limited; the natural soil may be weakly acidic soil; the natural soil may preferably have a pH value of 5.5-6.5, and more preferably 6.0. In the present disclosure, the artificial soil may preferably use fine quartz sand as a soil skeleton and be supplemented with clay minerals; the fine quartz sand and the clay minerals may preferably have a mass ratio of (65-75):( 25-35), and more preferably 7:3.

[35] In the present disclosure, cultivating conditions may include: humidity may be >60%, temperature may be 15-35°C, and continuous ventilation may be conducted for 5-15 min daily. In the present disclosure, the cultivating temperature may preferably be at 20-30°C, and more preferably 25°C; the cultivating temperature may preferably be controlled by solar energy and/or greenhouse heating. In the present disclosure, the daily continuous ventilation may be conducted for 10 min; the ventilation may be implemented by intermittent air supply for tea trees; the ventilation may simulate a wild natural wind environment. In the present disclosure, the cultivating conditions may further include spraying of tea seedlings; the spraying may be conducted once or twice every 3 days; each spraying may preferably last for 25-35 min, and more preferably 20 min. To simulate a summer high humid environment of wild tea trees, the humidity may be maintained at more than 60%.

[36] In the present disclosure, simulated rainfall may be further included. The simulated rainfall may preferably be conducted every 15 days; duration of each rainfall may preferably last for 25-35 min, and more preferably 30 min; each rainfall may preferably be 3-8 mm, and more preferably 5 mm. In the present disclosure, the simulated rainfall may preferably be implemented by arranging spraying devices on the tea seedlings, and rainfall intensity may be controlled by a valve; significant generation of surface runoff may be a basis for determining whether the rainfall intensity is sufficient.

[37] In the present disclosure, shade-enduring herbs and shrubs are planted during the cultivation, and bryophytes are attached to the trunks of the wild ancient tea seedlings, further improving the growth environment of tea trees, increasing biodiversity, and promoting mutual benefit and growth promotion among plants; the shade-enduring herbs may be planted around the wild ancient tea seedlings; the shrubs may be intercropped with the wild ancient tea seedlings.

[38] In the present disclosure, the shade-enduring herbs may preferably be pteridophytes; a method for planting the shade-enduring herbs may preferably be seedling transplanting; the shade-enduring herbs may grow around the stems of the wild ancient tea seedlings. In the present disclosure, the shrubs may preferably include Quercus fabri and Sal ix saposhnikavii; methods for planting the shrubs may preferably be seeding and cuttage. In the present disclosure, the bryophytes may preferably include one or more of mosses, sphagna, and Usneae; the bryophytes may be parasitic on the main trunks of tea trees.

[39] In the present disclosure, simulation of the wild environment for wild ancient tea seedlings may restore the growth process of wild tea trees as far as possible, promote the healthy growth of the wild ancient tea seedlings, and improve the quality of tea of wild ancient tea seedlings.

[40] In the present disclosure, after the wild ancient tea seedlings are obtained, preferably robust seedlings may further be selected from the wild ancient tea seedlings for continuous cultivation, and rate of robust seedlings may preferably be 50%; top-dressing may be conducted during the continuous cultivation; the top-dressing may be conducted every March, June, and September. In the present disclosure, fertilizers for the top-dressing may include a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a legume-based green manure, and organic manures. In the present disclosure, because picking tea leaves year by year may lead to nutritional deficiency of tea trees, the top-dressing may supplement wild ancient tea seedlings with nutrient elements; the fertilizers for the top-dressing may preferably include nutrient elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Components of the fertilizers for the top-dressing are not particularly limited in the present disclosure, and conventional fertilizers for top-dressing in the art may be used.

[41] The present disclosure further provides a method for preparing seedling tea, including the following steps: using the cultivation method according to the foregoing solution to obtain wild ancient tea seedlings; and picking fresh tea leaves from the wild ancient tea seedlings, successively tedding, withering, de-enzyming, and postfermenting picked fresh tea leaves to obtain the tea of wild ancient tea seedlings; in which the de-enzyming is conducted at 90-110°C for 8-12 min; a de-enzyming pattern includes stir-frying de-enzyming.

[42] In the present disclosure, when the wild ancient tea seedlings are robust seedlings, the fresh tea leaves may be picked when tea buds sprout, and rate of robust seedlings may preferably be 50%; when the wild ancient tea seedlings are weak seedlings, the fresh tea leaves may be picked at the seedling stage, providing disposable raw materials for processing bud tea.

[43] In the present disclosure, the picked fresh tea leaves of the wild ancient tea seedlings are part of tea trees at the seedling stage. Because the leaves are crisp and tender with high moisture content, it is necessary to spread out and air-dry in the sun to remove the water from the surface, and wounds of freshly picked leaves are disinfected by ultraviolet rays in the sun; the tedding may preferably be conducted twice or thrice; a tool for the tedding may preferably be a screen with pores at the bottom or a bamboo-woven sieve.

[44] In the present disclosure, the withering may preferably be conducted in a cool and ventilated place to prevent deterioration due to excessive moisture. During the withering, the tea leaves are uniformly spread out on the surface of a porous screen, while fans are arranged just above the surface of the tea leaves and directly below the bottom of the screen, and the water is removed as much as possible by increasing the surface area for sun-drying the tea leaves and the air flow rate as far as possible; the withering may preferably be conducted for 1-2 days.

[45] In the present disclosure, the de-enzyming may preferably be conducted at 100°C for 10 min; the disinfection may be intended to eliminate the activity of enzymes in tea leaves and prevent tea deterioration caused by enzymatic oxidation; the de-enzyming pattern may include manual stir-frying de-enzyming or de-enzyming by special equipment.

[46] In the present disclosure, de-enzymed tea leaves may preferably be put into an air-permeable container, and placed in a dry, cool, and ventilated place for postfermentation; during the postfermentation, natural esterification and fermentation occur in the tea leaves; the postfermentation may preferably last for >1 year; the postfermentation may be intended to remove a green odor from the tea leaves, eliminate impurities from the tea leaves, transform alkaloids, and improve the quality and taste of the tea leaves.

[47] The technical solutions of the present disclosure will be described below clearly and completely in conjunction with the examples of the present disclosure. It is clear that the described examples are only a part of, not all of, the examples of the present disclosure. Based on the examples of the present disclosure, all other examples obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[48] Example 1

[49] The flowchart is shown in HG. 1.

[50] Step 1, wild ancient tea seeds were picked from after-September to the fall when the wild ancient tea seeds were ripe; the picked seeds were stored in an air-permeable net bag and timely placed in a dry, cool, and well-ventilated place after they were brought indoors; the picked seeds were spread out and dried out to a seed moisture content of CO% in order to ensure seed viability.

[51] Step 2, the simulation of a wild environment production system for wild ancient tea seedlings included: simulation of natural soil horizon, companion plants, rainfall, spraying, temperature control, and intermittent wind; a) the natural soil horizon simulated a soil environment for growing wild ancient tea trees, including a litter horizon, an organic horizon, a loamy soil horizon, and a clayey soil horizon successively from top to bottom; b) the litter horizon was arranged on the uppermost horizon of the soil horizon, where corn stalks were covered on the soil surface, with a thickness of 5-10 cm; c) the organic horizon was located beneath the litter horizon, and the raw materials of the organic horizon were humic substances; d) the loamy soil horizon was composed of fine quartz sand and clay minerals, with a thickness of 20-30 cm; the fme quartz sand and the clay minerals had a mass ratio of 65:5; e) raw materials of the clayey soil horizon were bentonite and kaolin, with a thickness of 5-10 an; the bentonite and the kaolin had a volume ratio of 1:1.

[52] Companion plants of wild ancient tea seedlings were planted; young seedlings of pteridophytes were selected and transplanted around the wild ancient tea seedlings, and grew around the stems of the wild ancient tea seedlings; Q. fabri and S. saposhnikovii were intercropped with the wild ancient tea seedlings. Mosses, sphagna, and Usneae were selected and attached to the trunks of the wild ancient tea seedlings. Tea trees were sprayed by atomization nozzles every three days. Each spraying lasted for 30 min. A summer high humid environment of wild tea trees was simulated, and the humidity was maintained at more than 60%. The annual growth environment temperature of the wild tea trees was controlled at 15-35°C by solar energy and greenhouse heating. Intermittent wind was intermittently supplied for the tea trees by an air supply system, with an air supply frequency of 10 min per day, in order to simulate a wild natural wind environment.

[53] Step 3, fruits of wild ancient tea trees were cultivated: Wild tea seeds were selected by floatation process; picked wild ancient tea seeds were soaked in water (held at 20°C), fully stirred, and left to stand for 5 mm The tea seeds sunk at the bottom had better quality. The well-selected tea seeds with better quality were put into a bucket, and soaked (just submerged) for three days after clean water was poured. The clean water was changed once daily.

[54] Germination acceleration was conducted for the soaked seeds. The germination was accelerated by sand culture. Fine quartz sand was selected as a germination accelerating substrate. The quartz sand was sieved (3 mm in pore size), cleaned, and disinfected with 3 wt% carbendazim solution. The disinfected quartz sand substrate was put into a plug tray and spread out, with a thickness of 5-10 cm. The plug tray was placed in a greenhouse, in which the room temperature was held at around 25°C. Water was evenly sprayed above the plug tray once daily using a micro-spray system. The moisture content of the plug tray was held between 50% and 80%.

[55] Tea seeds were seeded: The burial depth of tea seed was 3 cm. The seedling cultivating time was 25 days. Tea seedlings were transplanted when they grew to 5 cm high.

[56] Step 4, wild ancient tea bud seedlings were iteratively protected and cultivated: Wild ancient tea seedlings were preferably selected after seed propagation. Robust seedlings (preferably selected based on a robust seedling rate of 50%) were continuously protected and cultivated for long-term growth. Top-dressing was conducted every March, June, and September.

[57] Step 5, bud tea of wild ancient tea tree was picked: For robust seedlings, fresh tea leaves were picked from the tea trees every year (tea buds could be picked once sprouted, with a young seedling percentage of 50%), providing raw materials for processing the bud tea. For weak seedlings, tea leaves were harvested at the seedling stage, providing disposable raw materials for processing the bud tea.

[58] Step 6, bud tea of wild ancient tea tree was processed: The picked fresh tea leaves were placed on a bamboo-woven sieve for teddimg. Then, the tedded tea leaves were transferred to a cool and ventilated place for withering for 1-2 days. Fans were arranged just above the surface of the tea leaves and directly below the bottom of the screen for air blowing. The withered tea leaves were further de-enzymed at high temperature, and stir-fried rapidly at around 100°C for 10 min [59] Step 7, bud tea of wild ancient tea tree was stored: The well-processed bud tea of wild ancient tea tree was put into an air-permeable container, and placed in a dry, cool, and ventilated place.

[60] In this example, more than 70% of seedlings survived. As for tea quality, the tea polyphenol content was above 15%, the content of amino acids in tea was above 1.5%, and the tea yield was around 250 kg per mu.

[61] The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may further make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present disclosure, but such improvements and modifications should be deemed as falling within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. A cultivation method of seedling from seed of wild ancient tea tree, comprising the following steps: step 1, soaking wild ancient tea seeds; step 2, seeding soaked wild ancient tea seeds in quartz sand, and cultivating seedlings to obtain tea seedlings; and step 3, transplanting the tea seedlings into an artificial substrate, attaching bryophytes to trunks of the tea seedlings, planting shade-enduring herbs around the tea seedlings, intercropping shrubs with the tea seedlings, and cultivating the tea seedlings to obtain wild ancient tea seedlings; wherein the artificial substrate comprises a litter horizon, an organic horizon, a loamy soil horizon, and a clayey soil horizon successively from top to bottom; and cultivating conditions comprise: an air humidity of >60%, a temperature of 15-35°C, and continuous ventilation for 5-15 min daily.
2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the litter horizon is 5-10 cm thick; raw materials of the organic horizon comprise humic substances; the organic horizon is 5-10 cm thick; raw materials of the loamy soil horizon comprise organic matters and sand grains; the loamy soil horizon is 20-30 cm thick; raw materials of the clayey soil horizon comprise clay minerals; the clayey soil horizon is 5-10 cm thick.
3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, a seeding depth is 2-4 CM.
4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the quartz sand is an undersize component sieved through a screen with a pore size of 3 mm
5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the cultivating further comprises spraying of tea seedlings; the spraying is conducted once or twice every 3 days; each spraying lasts for 25-35 min
6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, transplanted tea seedlings have a plant height of 5-6 cm.
7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein after the wild ancient tea seedlings are obtained, robust seedlings are further selected from the wild ancient tea seedlings for continuous cultivation; top-dressing is conducted during the continuous cultivation; the top-dressing is conducted every March, June, and September.
8. The cultivation method according to claim 7, wherein fertilizers for the top-dressing comprise a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a legume-based green manure, and organic manures.
9. A method for preparing seedling tea, comprising the following steps: using the cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to obtain wild ancient tea seedlings; and picking fresh tea leaves from the wild ancient tea seedlings, successively tedding, withering, de-enzyming, and postfermenting picked fresh tea leaves to obtain the tea of wild ancient tea seedlings; wherein the de-enzyming is conducted at 90-110°C for 8-12 min; a de-enzyming pattern comprises stir-frying de-enzyming.
10. The preparing method according to claim 9, wherein the withering is conducted for 1-2 days.