CN107125093A - Wild ancient tea tree domestication's breeding method - Google Patents
Wild ancient tea tree domestication's breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107125093A CN107125093A CN201710403246.7A CN201710403246A CN107125093A CN 107125093 A CN107125093 A CN 107125093A CN 201710403246 A CN201710403246 A CN 201710403246A CN 107125093 A CN107125093 A CN 107125093A
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- tea tree
- ancient tea
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- breeding method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wild ancient tea tree domestication's breeding method, its step is：Search out that tree-shaped is tall and big in the regional forest for finding wild ancient tea tree, no disease and pests harm plant as primary election to as and make numbering mark；Silver grey to leaf bud in picture white, the 6cm of sprout length 5 by primary election, mouth chews micro- sweet tea, and the plant of fragrant odour is chosen to be the ancient tea tree of high-quality；Robust growth is chosen on selected plant, the lignifying branch of no disease and pests harm is used as cuttage seeding；Branch is cut into several sections by the standard of at least one knot bifurcation of every segment and leaf；Cuttage segment is sterilized；Cuttage seeding is inserted into nursery soil in time, knot bifurcation is maintained on soil, and plastic greenhouse is built above seedbed and carries out cover lid, proper temperature and humidity in canopy is kept；Daily management is carried out to seedling, until seedling grows up to transplanting transplantation of seedlings crop field.It is of the invention that the ancient tea tree of high-quality is cultivated with non-seed mode pierre, continue its intrinsic gene, maintain its fine quality, expand population quantity, raw material guarantee is provided for the production of high-quality tea.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to domestication's breeding method of a kind of agricultural biotechnologies, particularly wild ancient tea tree.
Background technology
Ancient tea tree may kind it is more, quality discrepancy is also very big, but is wherein no lack of and there is tea different person of fine quality, this ancient tea tree
Tealeaves tea product production in often produce fine work pure raw material source, the value of made fine work tealeaves is the number of ordinary tea leaves
Times even one hundred times of number.
Thus, it is found that high-quality Gu tea tree and carrying out domestication and breeding, expand population quantity, research and development relevant art means have ten
Divide urgent realistic meaning.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of wild ancient tea tree domestication's breeding method, this method can be in numerous ancient tea tree groups
In it is accurate identify the ancient tea tree of high-quality, and carry out asexual domestication and breed, expand population quantity, keep the intrinsic gene of ancient tea tree not
Become, quality is constant, expand the raw material sources of high-quality tea with this, meet people it is growing the need for.
This wild ancient tea tree domestication's breeding method proposed by the present invention, it is characterised in that have the following steps：
（1）Search out that tree-shaped is more tall and big, no disease and pests harm plant is as primary election in the regional forest for finding wild ancient tea tree
To as and make numbering mark；
（2）Look into leaf bud of the primary election to picture by seeing, will wherein leaf bud it is silver grey white, the long 5-6cm of sprout, mouth chews micro- sweet tea, smell delicate fragrance
Plant be chosen to be the ancient tea tree of high-quality and be protected by, protect it from the damage of artificial and natural calamity；
（3）In annual 11-12 months, robust growth is chosen on selected plant, the lignifying branch of no disease and pests harm is used as cuttage seeding；
（4）The branch chosen is cut into several sections by the standard of at least one knot bifurcation of every segment and leaf, per segment
On leaf to cut off half stand-by；
（5）The segment sheared is inserted in root-inducing powder or bactericide decoction in time and soaked, to eliminate the bacterium of incision；
（6）By step（5）Gained cuttage seeding is inserted in nursery soil in time, and knot bifurcation is maintained on soil, is taken above seedbed
Build plastic greenhouse and carry out cover lid, keep proper temperature and humidity in canopy；
（7）Daily liquid manure, illuminance and temperature and humidity management are carried out to seedling in canopy, transplanting transplantation of seedlings is grown into until seedling is survived
Crop field.
Step（2）It is preferential using the big person of plant leaf, proportionately people's hand size is maximum blade when differentiating high-quality Gu tea tree
Standard is chosen.
Step（4）Otch when cutting cuttage segment below knot bifurcation is angular cut, to avoid or mitigate during insertion soil pair
The damage of otch, improves survival rate.
The angle of angle and branch is maintained at 30-60 degree.
Step（5）Sterilization soak time be 1-3 minute, bactericide used be carbendazim or fenaminosulf.
Step（6）Described seedbed is prepared as follows：
The raw-soil for not cultivating with sterile soil or plant is loose into fine earth, makes thickness of soil 5-8cm seedbed.
The raw-soil for not cultivating plant refers to the famine soil for not growing plant.
Step（6）Plastic greenhouse be Small plastic shed, sagitta 60-80cm.Two-port has scattered air door or scattered air curtain.
Step（6）Top build sunshade net, to regulate and control illuminance and temperature.
Small temperature of shed is 16-30 DEG C, and humidity is 60-80%.
Step（7）In, including the globule of cohesion at the top of shed is patted daily by its holding ground moistening that falls earthward.8-9
Plastic greenhouse is removed after individual month and retains sunshade net progress hardening, makes seedling reform of nature ambient growth, transplanted seedling standard is plant height 30-
50cm。
The present invention's is fast compared with other method into growing after transplantation of seedlings, and seedling is in the same size, the condition such as soil climate, liquid manure
In the case of identical, 10 years trunks are up to plant height 4-5m, trunk diameter 8-10cm after small transplantation of seedlings of the invention.And seed seedling can only
Reach the thick 5-6cm in footpath, plant height 2-3m.
The present invention is to breed the ancient tea tree of cultivation high-quality with non-mictic submode, enables the intrinsic gene of the ancient tea tree of high-quality steady
Fixed to continue, kind will not produce variation and degenerate, so as to maintain its excellent tea leaf quality, expand population quantity, be high-quality
The production of tealeaves ensures there is provided sufficient raw material.
The content of the invention
Fig. 1 is that selected wild ancient tea tree material object shines.
Fig. 2 is cuttage seeding beveling schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that the cuttage seeding material object after surviving under Small plastic shed shines.
The label of each several part in Fig. 2 is as follows：
1- branches；2- ties bifurcation；3- blades；4- chamfers line；5th, tea shoot tip.
Blade 3 in Fig. 2, represents all blades, and beveling line 4 represents whole beveling lines, and other are similar.
The content of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further illustrated with example.
In applicant company location, many ancient tea trees being grown naturally, forest is largely distributed in, also some is given birth to
By the Chang villages side edge of a field or road.The ancient tea tree of high-quality is selected according to the above-mentioned discrimination method and step of the application, wherein one plant
The pattern of ancient tea tree according to professional person as shown in figure 1, determine, and its age of tree is between 200-300, and leaf and bud contain Tea Polyphenols, sweetness
The benefit materials contents such as plain and various amino acid are higher than other ancient tea trees, delicious, and applicant is named as " ancient tree Sweet tea ".10
Nian Qian, company inventor takes the vigorous branch of growth in 11-12 months then using the method for the present invention on the ancient tea tree of this
Some, mode cutting knife or scissors as shown in Figure 2 is in each or each two knot bifurcation 3（It is exactly that blade 3 is combined with branch 1 to tie bifurcation
Position may grow the place of sprouting）Between cut off one along the leaf that is cut on some segment cuttage seedings, each segment of beveling line 4
Half, half is only stayed, to reduce water evaporation quantity, survival rate is improved.Planted in time after the soaking sterilization decoction of segment cuttage seeding
In nursery soil.
The preparation in seedbed is twisted into fine earth using the raw-soil as described above, manages into thick 5-8cm seedbed, then by spacing in the rows 4-5cm,
Cuttage segment is inserted on seedbed and pours permeable by line-spacing 10-15cm in time, costs Small plastic shed and sunshade net is covered.
Then the management in terms of daily liquid manure, temperature humidity, and light application time is carried out.Specifically to pat daily
The cohesion globule at the top of Small plastic shed, abate moistens soil in time, keeps soil moisture to be basically unchanged, the base in the case where pouring water
Without rewatering on this, the steam allowed in canopy is circulated in time.When temperature exceeds 30 DEG C, ceiling or opening are removed out in time
The canopy door at two ends is aeration-cooling in time, and otherwise seedling can be scorched to death.When winter temperature is less than 16 DEG C, with air-heater to appropriate in canopy
Blast temperature needed for warm wind is kept.
Sprouting can be generally grown after seedling cuttage at 2-3 months, root system is grown within 3-4 months.Material object is such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show.
Seedling grows and applied fertilizer after root system, general to apply containing nitrogenous fertilizers 28%, the water-soluble liquid fertilizer of phosphate fertilizer 8%, using spray side
Formula is carried out, in order to avoid washing out seedling, is sprayed once within every 10 days.
Fertilising is by the ratio between N P and K mass parts 15 after 6 months：10：10 composite fertilizers are carried out with applying, until growing up to transplanted seedling.
Small plastic shed is removed after 8-9 months and retains sunshade net progress hardening.Hardening terminates just to remove sunshade net.
By above-mentioned steps and time, the cuttage seeding survival rate of this example is to seedlings are grown up to after 87%, about one year, typically
Plant height reaches 30-50cm, Trunk diameter about 5-10mm, now can be carried out transplanting.The crop field of transplanting can be above sea level
Height 1000-1800m, weather moistening, temperature on average is in 18-20 DEG C of tropical hillside fields or tableland.
Transplanted seedling just grows up to tea woods after planting into ranks, general 3-5 by certain seeding row spacing, can pick tea-leaves.
That batch of cuttage seeding of this example grows up to after transplanting, successively forms the ancient tea tree high grade tea woods of more than 80 mus, nearly 10 years
Growth is vigorous, and trunk diameter averagely has 10cm, plant height 4-5m.
The transplanted seedling bred using the seed same period of ancient tea tree as a comparison, trunk diameter only 5-6cm, plant height is only
3m。
Since the 3rd year, the ancient tea tree of transplanted seedling of the invention just plucked tealeaves and makes ancient tree Sweet tea for our company.Yield reaches
To every plant of annual 12-15kg.The tea woods can supply suitable primary raw materials every year, pinched with primary raw materials and take hair bud point therein
The sweet tea of refined ancient tree, solely, smell is aromatic, and taste is sweet for the dtex of mouthfeel ten, soaks popular feeling spleen, is welcome by the local customer of a teahouse very much.Examination
Sale price reaches every kilogram of 2000-3000 member.Supply falls short of demand for goods.
Woods is bred because applicant establishes increasing ancient tea cutting, it is ensured that the supply of high grade tea raw material.Through
Test and appraisal, the tea leaf quality of this ancient tea tree output for breeding out by cuttage mode is with natural wild ancient tea tree without obvious
Difference, is similarly subjected to travelling trader's welcome.Order goods very active.
In implementing the present invention, it may, the multiple batches of experiment of inventor finds the line-spacing and spacing in the rows of cuttage seeding to seedling ten
Point sensitivity, when line-spacing is less than 10cm, spacing in the rows is less than 4cm, when, under identical condition, cuttage seeding can be a large amount of dead in 3 months
Die, survival rate only has 20% or so.Illustrate the tea tree of this special kinds has obvious mutually row to growing space in Seedling Stage
Property.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wild ancient tea tree domestication's breeding method, it is characterised in that have the following steps：
（1）Search out that tree-shaped is tall and big in the regional forest for finding wild ancient tea tree, no disease and pests harm plant as primary election to picture
And make numbering mark；
（2）Look into leaf bud of the primary election to picture by seeing, will wherein leaf bud it is silver grey white, the long 5-6cm of sprout, mouth chews micro- sweet tea, smell delicate fragrance
Plant be chosen to be the ancient tea tree of high-quality and be protected by, protect it from the damage of artificial and natural calamity；
（3）In annual 11-12 months, robust growth is chosen on selected plant, the lignifying branch of no disease and pests harm is used as cuttage seeding；
（4）The branch chosen is cut into several sections by the standard of at least one knot bifurcation of every segment and leaf, per segment
On leaf to cut off half stand-by；
（5）The segment sheared is inserted in root-inducing powder or bactericide decoction in time and soaked, to eliminate the bacterium of incision；
（6）By step（5）Gained cuttage seeding is inserted in nursery soil in time, and knot bifurcation is maintained on soil, is taken above seedbed
Build plastic greenhouse and carry out cover lid, keep proper temperature and humidity in canopy；
（7）Daily liquid manure, illuminance and temperature and humidity management are carried out to seedling in canopy, transplanting transplantation of seedlings is grown into until seedling is survived
Crop field.
2. wild ancient tea tree domestication breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Differentiate that high-quality is ancient
It is preferential using the big person of plant leaf, maximum blade proportionately for standard choose by people's hand size during tea tree.
3. wild ancient tea tree domestication breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）Cut cuttage small
Otch below Duan Shijie bifurcations is angular cut, and the angle of angle and branch is maintained at 30-60 degree.
4. wild ancient tea tree domestication breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（5）Sterilization immersion
Time is 1-3 minutes, and bactericide used is carbendazim or fenaminosulf.
5. wild ancient tea tree domestication breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（6）Described seedbed
It is prepared as follows：
The raw-soil for not cultivating with sterile soil or plant is loose into fine earth, makes thickness of soil 5-8cm seedbed.
6. wild ancient tea tree domestication breeding method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that do not cultivated the life of plant
Soil refers to the famine soil for not growing plant.
7. wild ancient tea tree domestication breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（6）Plastic greenhouse be
Small plastic shed, sagitta 60-80cm, two-port has scattered air door or a scattered air curtain, and sunshade net is built above Small plastic shed, with adjusting intensity of illumination and
Temperature.
8. wild ancient tea tree domestication breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（6）Cuttage seeding line-spacing
No more than 10cm, spacing in the rows is not more than 4cm.
9. wild ancient tea tree domestication breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that small temperature of shed is 16-30
DEG C, humidity is 60-80%.
10. wild ancient tea tree domestication breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（7）In, including it is every
Its globule for patting cohesion at the top of shed removes plastic greenhouse by its holding ground moistening that falls earthward, after 8-9 months and retains sunshade
Net carries out hardening, makes seedling reform of nature ambient growth, and transplanted seedling standard is plant height 30-50cm.
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| CN201710403246.7A CN107125093A (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2017-06-01 | Wild ancient tea tree domestication's breeding method |
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ID=59735177
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109863931A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-06-11 | 贵州玉堂春农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of propagation method of Gu tea tree |
| CN111201935A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-05-29 | 佛山市银子生物科技有限公司 | Yellow tea forest tree variety cultivation method for modulating cocktail tea |
| CN113557906A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Breeding method of wild ancient tea tree seedlings and making method of wild ancient tea tree seedling tea |
| CN113940228A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-18 | 潮州市潮安区赤凤镇炜业茶园 | Protection method of ancient tea trees |
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| CN102511267A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-27 | 金陵科技学院 | Hardwood cutting seedling raising method for tea plant |
| CN103314751A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-25 | 贵州省普定县印象朵贝贡茶专业合作社 | Millennium Tove ancient tea tree cutting propagation method |
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2017
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN102511267A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-27 | 金陵科技学院 | Hardwood cutting seedling raising method for tea plant |
| CN103314751A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-25 | 贵州省普定县印象朵贝贡茶专业合作社 | Millennium Tove ancient tea tree cutting propagation method |
| CN103988649A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-08-20 | 华南农业大学 | Rapid propagation seedling growing method for large leaf tea tree |
| CN104145706A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-11-19 | 青川县老鹰茶资源开发研究中心 | Cutting propagation method of Litsea coreana trees |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109863931A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-06-11 | 贵州玉堂春农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of propagation method of Gu tea tree |
| CN111201935A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-05-29 | 佛山市银子生物科技有限公司 | Yellow tea forest tree variety cultivation method for modulating cocktail tea |
| CN111201935B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2022-01-14 | 佛山市银子生物科技有限公司 | Yellow tea forest tree variety cultivation method for modulating cocktail tea |
| CN113557906A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Breeding method of wild ancient tea tree seedlings and making method of wild ancient tea tree seedling tea |
| CN113940228A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-18 | 潮州市潮安区赤凤镇炜业茶园 | Protection method of ancient tea trees |
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Application publication date: 20170905 |