CN101663987B - Method for cutting and propagating chamelaucium plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cutting and propagating a chamelaucium plant. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a healthy plant without diseases and pests as a female parent material and scissoring newborn tender twigs above the half-lignifying position of the female parent material as cutting ears; dipping the basic parts of the cutting ears by 500-2000ppm of indole-3-butanoic acid solution and then carrying out bactericidal treatment on the cutting ears by a solution with 1500 times of gejunqing of 2.5% after drying in the air; and taking the cutting depth as 1/3-1/4 of the length of the cutting ears, managing by a conventional technology after cutting, and carrying out field transplantation after the roots of the cutting ears grow out of the bottom of a seedling disk. By applying the method, the survival rate of the cutting and the propagation of the chamelaucium plant reaches more than 90%, and the propagation period is shortened to 35-40 days. The obtained chamelaucium seeds and seedlings have superior quality and long service life, so that the popularized planting of the chamelaucium plant becomes possible. The invention has simple and convenient method, low cost, high survival rate of the seeds and the seedlings and favorable market application prospect.

Description

The cuttage breeding method of the cured flower plant of a kind of Australia

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, relate to plant asexual multiplication technology, be specifically related to the cottage method of a kind of quick cured Pittosporum of breeding Australia (chamelaucium) plant.

Background technology

Australia cured Pittosporum (chamelaucium) originates in Western Australia, Australia, is Myrtaceae (Mycinatum) evergreen shrubs.Plant height 2～3m, leaf thorn shape.The short-day flowering habit, winter flower is contained most, pattern purple, pink, white, milky, the cured matter of petal, the Dan Duohua florescence reach 20 surplus day, the myrtle peat-reek is arranged.Suitable subtropics dry hot climate, happiness illumination and drying, well growth in the well-drained sand of many rubbles.Totally 23 kinds of this genus, nearly 30 kinds of cultivar, and in constantly increasing.Be internationally famous cut-flower and potted flower material, very welcome in the international market, annual requirement is huge.2003, the cured flower plant of Australia was introduced Kunming, carried out bench-scale testing plantation and market sale, had become the best selling variety in cut-flower market.

This platymiscium seed is tiny, not only sows difficulty and seedling and easily produces variation, has restricted scale commodity production.Adopt tissue culture propagating technical costs height, cycle long, experienced shoot survival percent is low.And conventional cottage propagation technology survival rate has only about 10%, can't satisfy growing market demand.How to improve survival rate that the cured flower plant of Australia grows seedlings, shorten growing-seedling period, reduce production costs, just become problem demanding prompt solution in the prior art.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of survival rate height is provided, and is with low cost, the cuttage breeding method of the cured flower plant of Australia simple to operate.

Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.

Except as otherwise noted, percentage of the present invention is mass percent.

The cuttage breeding method of the cured flower plant of a kind of Australia may further comprise the steps:

(1) prepare in the seedbed: it is mixing in 4: 6 by volume that matrix adopts peat and perlite, adjusts pH value 5.5～6.5, and the EC value is less than 0.5, and the liquor natrii hypochloritis who uses 500ppm is to apparatus and greenhouse ground sterilizations such as seedling-cultivating tray, seedbeds;

(2) acquired for materials: the healthy plant of gathering no damage by disease and insect requires the branches and leaves dry tack free as maternal material, immediately in the sheared edge immersion water with maternal material, prevents the material dehydration after adopting;

(3) plugged ear is selected: the newborn tender tip more than the maternal material semi-lignified of the clip position is as plugged ear;

(4) plugged ear is handled: use the indole-3-butyric acid solution of 500～2000ppm to soak the plugged ear base portion, soaking depth is 1/2～1/3 of a cutting length, soak time 15～30 minutes; Soak after good air-dryly immediately, then whole plugged ear is immersed in 1500 times of solution of 2.5% fludioxonil and plugged ear is carried out sterilization processing, soak time 2～3 minutes; Wherein, indole-3-butyric acid needs to be dissolved into the solution that concentration is 2000～10000ppm with 75% alcohol earlier, adds the solution that pure water is converted into 500～2000ppm again;

(5) cuttage: the cuttage degree of depth is a cutting length 1/3～1/4;

(6) manage after the cuttage: adopt routine techniques to carry out temperature treatment after the cuttage, illumination management, moisture management, the water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, treating that the plugged ear root is tried to get to the heart of a matter from seedling carries out field-transplanting after growing.

The present invention has following advantage with respect to prior art:

1, the utilization of this technology reaches more than 90% the survival rate of the cured flower plant cottage propagation of Australia, and the breeding cycle foreshortens to 35～40 days.The cured seeds of flowering plants seedling of the Australia that obtains is best in quality, and the seedling life-span is long, makes the popularizing planting of the cured flower plant of Australia become possibility.

2, easy, with low cost, the kind shoot survival percent height of the inventive method has market application foreground well.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of plugged ear clipped position of the present invention.

Embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but they are not limitation of the invention.

Embodiment 1

In the Plastic film greenhouse that is coated with 60% black sunshade net, set up through the built on stilts seedbed of liquor natrii hypochloritis's sterilization of 500ppm, on the seedbed, lay the seedling-cultivating tray that has filled matrix.Matrix is to be filled in the seedling-cultivating tray in 72 holes after mixing at 4: 6 with peat and perlite by volume, shakes one gently and to secondary upper surface is wipeed off.Start spraying system, make water content of substrate saturated.Regulate matrix pH value 6.0, EC value 0.4.

Select seedling age 1～2 year, no damage by disease and insect, the cured Pittosporum mutation of eugonic Australia " pleasantly surprised " (Chamelaucium var Revelation) as maternal, open-air collection will not carried out when fine day has mist and do not have dew, with assurance branches and leaves dry tack free.Immediately maternal cutting part is immersed in the middle of the dark clear water of 10cm after adopting, prevents the material dehydration.

The newborn tender tip more than the maternal semi-lignified of the clip position is as plugged ear.As shown in Figure 1, along with sprig growth elongation, degree of lignification is lighted to the sprig base portion by growth and is improved gradually, the epidermis color also from red, green, the green white of nearly growing point (because of kind different) carry out the transition to greyish white or taupe (because of kind different).Degree of lignification judges be canescence or taupe near sprig base portion, complete lignification epidermis partly, and nearly growing point place does not have lignified part epidermis to be red, green or green white with sprig sunny slope epidermis color.Be the semi-lignified part between the transition region of two kinds of colors.Clipped position just is chosen in this section semi-lignified part.

3～5 layers of wet newspaper that soaked water are preserved moisture in the workbench shop, remove the needle of plugged ear base portion length 1/2～1/3, and plugged ear is pricked with 72, the base portion alignment.Indole-3-butyric acid solution with 500ppm soaked the plugged ear base portion 30 minutes, carried out HORMONE TREATMENT.Depth of immersion is 1/2～1/3 of a cutting length.Use fan air-dry immediately after soaking well, then whole plugged ear is immersed in 1500 times of solution of 2.5% fludioxonil, soaked 2～3 minutes, carry out sterilization processing.Wherein, the purity of hormone indole-3-butyric acid is 90%, is dissolved into the solution that concentration is 2000ppm with 75% alcohol earlier, adds the solution that pure water is converted into 500ppm again.

Cuttage in filling in 72 cave seedling-cultivating trays of matrix, one strain of every hole, the cuttage degree of depth is a cutting length 1/3～1/4.

Management after the cuttage, its mesostroma and moisture management: keep relative air humidity in 70%～100% scope.Air humidity and water supply in media management are to adopt the automatic intermittent spraying method.Use the evaporation coefficient automatic control mode.For avoiding the appearance of error, fine day twice spray time at noon 15～20 minutes at interval are set.In the 1st～2 week after the cuttage (before taking root), the fine 9:00 of spraying system opens, and 18:00 closes, and overcast and rainy 11:00 opens, and 15:00 closes; 30 seconds duration of spraying, prevent the dehydration of earing; The 3rd～4 week reduced moisture content gradually, reduced water content of substrate, and fine 9:00 opens, and 17:30 closes, and overcast and rainy 11:00 opens, and 14:30 closes 20 seconds duration of spraying.In the 5th～6 week, further reduce water content of substrate, to promote root growth.Fine 9:30 opens, and 17:00 closes, and overcast and rainy 12:00 opens, and 14:00 closes; 15 seconds duration of spraying.The 7th week entered experienced seedling stage, and 12:00 opens, and 14:00 closes and keeps matrix moistening, avoids dry; When matrix is dry, take the circumstances into consideration spraying continuously.Illumination and temperature treatment: the control day temperature is below 30 ℃, and night, temperature was at 18～20 ℃.Light intensity is at 10～20KLX, periodicity of illumination 10～16 hours.Improve intensity of illumination after taking root gradually.The extermination of disease and insect pest: adopt 1000 times of liquid of the bright ammonium of 25% miaow, 1500 times of liquid of 2.5% fludioxonil, 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate-methyl and the alternately spraying of 1000 times of liquid of 10% polyoxin, 2 times/week, close spraying afternoon and carry out afterwards.

Treat that the plugged ear root is tried to get to the heart of a matter from seedling and transplant when growing to the land for growing field crops, shallow planting, other are identical with conventional field planting.

Statistics finds, Australia's snuff " pleasantly surprised " (Chamelaucium var Revelation) began to have new root to grow in 21 days after cuttage, can carry out field-transplanting when survival rate reaches 95%, 40 day.Improve than existing tissue culture technology survival rate nearly 17%, 2～3 months in advance field-transplanting time.The cuttage seeding well developed root system, no damage by disease and insect, seedling reaches one-level seedling quality standard generally.

Embodiment 2

Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: regulating the matrix pH value is 5.5, EC value 0.3.At continuous three days no rain, do not have and reveal and during mist, in plantation, Australia cured liquid distilled from honeysuckle flowers or lotus leaves sky, select no damage by disease and insect, the cured Pittosporum mutation of eugonic Australia " magnificent purple " (Chamelaucium.var Purple pride) as maternal capturing material.Plugged ear is pricked with 50, the base portion alignment.Indole-3-butyric acid solution with 1000ppm soaked the plugged ear base portion 25 minutes, carried out HORMONE TREATMENT.Plugged ear natural air drying after the immersion.Wherein, indole-3-butyric acid is dissolved into the solution that concentration is 10000ppm with 75% alcohol earlier, adds the solution that pure water is converted into 1000ppm again.Cuttage in filling in 50 hole seedling-cultivating trays of matrix.Management is identical with embodiment 1 after the cuttage.

Statistics finds, Australia's snuff " magnificent purple " (Chamelaucium.var Purple pride) began to have new root to grow in 27 days after cuttage, can carry out field-transplanting when survival rate reaches 94.8%, 40 day.Improve than existing tissue culture technology survival rate nearly 16%, 2～3 months in advance field-transplanting time.The cuttage seeding well developed root system, no damage by disease and insect, seedling reaches one-level seedling quality standard generally.

Embodiment 3

Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: the seedling-cultivating tray that uses 72 holes.Regulating the matrix pH value is 6.5, EC value 0.5.Select the cured Pittosporum mutation of Australia " cured pollen " (Chamelaucium.var CWA pink) as maternal capturing material.Plugged ear is pricked with 72, the base portion alignment.Indole-3-butyric acid with 1500ppm soaked the plugged ear base portion 20 minutes, carried out HORMONE TREATMENT.Plugged ear natural air drying after the immersion.

Statistics finds, Australia's snuff " cured pollen " (Chamelaucium.Var CAW pink) began to have new root to grow in 24 days after cuttage, can carry out field-transplanting when survival rate reaches 90.2%, 40 day.Improve than existing tissue culture technology survival rate nearly 15%, 2～3 months in advance field-transplanting time.The cuttage seeding well developed root system, no damage by disease and insect, seedling reaches one-level seedling quality standard generally.

Embodiment 4

Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: the seedling-cultivating tray that uses 50 holes.Select the cured Pittosporum mutation of Australia " violet stock violet " (Chamelaucium.var Violet) as maternal capturing material.Plugged ear is pricked with 50, the base portion alignment.Indole-3-butyric acid with 2000ppm soaked the plugged ear base portion 15 minutes, carried out HORMONE TREATMENT.Plugged ear natural air drying after the immersion.

Statistics finds, Australia's snuff " violet stock violet " (Chamelaucium.var Violet) began to have new root to grow in 27 days after cuttage, can carry out field-transplanting when survival rate reaches 90.6%, 45 day.Improve than its survival rate of existing tissue culture technology nearly 15%, 2～3 months in advance field-transplanting time.The cuttage seeding well developed root system, no damage by disease and insect, seedling reaches one-level seedling quality standard generally.

Claims (1)

1. the cuttage breeding method of the cured flower plant of Australia comprises that the seedbed is prepared, six steps of management after acquired for materials, plugged ear selections, plugged ear processing, cuttage and the cuttage, it is characterized in that described each step is respectively by following method realization:

(1) prepare in the seedbed: it is mixing in 4: 6 by volume that matrix adopts peat and perlite, adjusts pH value 5.5～6.5, and the EC value is less than 0.5, and the liquor natrii hypochloritis who uses 500ppm is to seedling-cultivating tray, seedbed apparatus and greenhouse ground sterilization;

(2) acquired for materials: the healthy plant of gathering no damage by disease and insect requires the branches and leaves dry tack free as maternal material, immediately in the sheared edge immersion water with maternal material, prevents the material dehydration after adopting;

(3) plugged ear is selected: the newborn tender tip more than the maternal material semi-lignified of the clip position is as plugged ear;

(4) plugged ear is handled: use the indole-3-butyric acid solution of 500～2000ppm to soak the plugged ear base portion, soaking depth is 1/2～1/3 of a cutting length, and soak time 15～30 minutes is soaked after good air-dry immediately; Then whole plugged ear is immersed in 1500 times of solution of 2.5% fludioxonil and plugged ear is carried out sterilization processing, soak time 2～3 minutes; Wherein, indole-3-butyric acid needs to be dissolved into the solution that concentration is 2000～10000ppm with 75% alcohol earlier, adds the solution that pure water is converted into 500～2000ppm again;

(5) cuttage: the cuttage degree of depth is a cutting length 1/3～1/4;

(6) manage after the cuttage: adopt routine techniques to carry out temperature treatment after the cuttage, illumination management, moisture management, the water management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, treating that the plugged ear root is tried to get to the heart of a matter from seedling carries out field-transplanting after growing.

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