CN106900509A - A kind of method of the asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock - Google Patents
A kind of method of the asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock Download PDFInfo
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- CN106900509A CN106900509A CN201710227419.4A CN201710227419A CN106900509A CN 106900509 A CN106900509 A CN 106900509A CN 201710227419 A CN201710227419 A CN 201710227419A CN 106900509 A CN106900509 A CN 106900509A
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- seedbed
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- nursery stock
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the vegetative propagation technique field of plant, specifically disclose a kind of method of the asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock, seedbed and auxiliary facility are cultivated including building aerosol, set up foliar spray water system, set up nutrient solution spray root training system, the steps such as the clip of cuttings and treatment, control cottage method and seedbed management.It is an advantage of the invention that using the oily grape breeding nursery stock of this technology invention, nursery stock takes root soon, and survival rate is high, and cultivation period is short, low cost is cultivated, growth of seedling is fast；For the stock breeding of oily grape seedlingses, quickly breeding and high yield high yield have established good technical foundation, while also for the spread plantation of oily grape nursery stock provides important technical support.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the vegetative propagation technique field of plant, a kind of asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock is specifically referred to
Method.
Background technology
Oily grape also known as water wax gourd, scientific name idesia.Oily vine trunk is logical straight, can highly reach 10~15m, and bar is straight
Ye great, crown to be layered like tower if umbrella, side shoot are verticillate, bark canescence does not ftracture.Florescence be 4~May, 9~October of fruiting period,
Panicle, sagging to be up to 10~40cm, flower is yellow green, and fruit is spherical, is red when ripe, and minority has orange colour.5
Month full-blown flowers piece piece, October haw is innumerable, is hung on the tree like string string grape extremely grand, there is the U.S. of " green shade protects the summer, and haw meets the autumn "
Reputation.Blade can absorb the sulfur dioxide in air, play the role of to promote purification of air.Flower is again fabulous nectar source.Oily vine wood
Material is excellent building furniture woodses.Fruit is non-toxic, people and animals' edible.Quan Guoke extracts oil, and oil content is excellent more than 30%
Good woody oil tree species, place of production common people have the custom of long-term edible oil grapefruit.Oily vine has ornamental value and warp concurrently
Ji value, is the new seeds of excellent woody oleiferous plants for being worth Devoting Major Efforts To Developing research.
Oil mode of reproduction viny mainly has the modes such as seminal propagation, cutting propagation and tissue culture propagation.Oily grape seed
It is tiny, it is difficult to sprout under natural environment, artificial breeding emergence rate also is difficult to control.And oily vine belongs to dioecism, seed
Breeding can not control female-male proportion, economically consider that establishing in large scale oil vine can not be bred using this mode.Tissue
Culture reproductive-cost is high, and technical difficulty is big, professional to require height, and the hardening cycle is long, and management is difficult, in tissue culture technology full maturity
Before can not promote.Cutting propagation can well keep the excellent inhereditary feature of parent, and convenient material drawing, be that oily grape reproductive value is obtained
The important propagation method widelyd popularize.But fall behind according to the oily grape cuttage technique that available data can look into reflection, it is raw after nursery stock cuttage
Environment long is not suitable for, and survival rate is not high, and planting percent is low, slow-growing, and cultivation period is long.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of the asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock, it uses slot type without earth culture
Seedling bed, is equipped with the blade face automatic water sprinkler systme of temperature and humidity control after cuttings cuttage, cuttings base portion uses nutrient solution spray system, plus
Strong maintenance management, trains environment, there is provided survival rate for oily grape cutting provides the suitable root taken root, and shortens cultivation period, realizes fast
Fast vegetative propagation.
To achieve these goals, present invention employs following technical scheme：A kind of oily grape nursery stock it is asexual quick
The method bred, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) selection of land：Built in warmhouse booth and cultivate seedbed；
(2) support makes：The support of 1~1.2m wide, 1m high is built using stainless steel material；
(3) cuttage seedbed makes：It is 1~1.2m wide, 40~50cm high that specification is laid on the support described in step (2)
Slot type Camless valve train seedbed, lays rigid plastics cover plate on the seedbed, and the cover plate is provided with spacing 20cm specifications for 1~2cm
Cutting hole；
(4) put up a shed：A specification is built again on the cover plate described in step (3) to be consistent with support described in step (2), it is wide
1~1.2m, the shed of 1m high cover the support, and the shed is provided with covering plastic foil and sunshade net；
(5) cutting time：In 4 annual~July；
(6) female fringe selection：Chosen in cutting orchard and grow oily grape maternal plant that is vigorous, developing normal, no disease and pests harm, choose female
Axillary bud is full in strain, the normal branch of leaf growth is cut into cuttings, and cuttings is about 15~25cm, with 1~4 bud, there is terminal bud
Must be full；
(7) fringe bar clip：During clip, cuttings top straight snips, bottom are tiltedly cut, and the clip up and down of cutting is smooth, and otch exists
Near eye；
(8) immersion treatment：The cuttings material that will be sheared before cuttage is classified by size, and concentration is neatly placed on plastic tub
In, and the taking root liquid for having configured is poured into basin flood cutting base portion immersion；
(9) cuttage：Cuttings is unanimously defined by band leaf direction during cuttage, and blade can not be built again, and the cuttings without leaf is inserted as reserved
Hole cuttage is defined, and cuttings winds the appropriate sponge sterilized in advance with jack contact position in advance, to prevent cutting plucked
Can not fix well, and the cuttage depth of cuttings is 5~8cm, seeding row spacing is defined by the reserved jack in seedbed and is inserted according to specific
Bar situation is adjusted.
The head of a bed in the seedbed is additionally provided with storage tank, nutrition liquid case, backwater collecting box and devil liquor recovery treatment box.
Further, also including foliar spray water system, the foliar spray water system is set up, successively including following
Step：
(1) atomizers of the spacing 50cm apart from cover plate face 40cm, the atomization spray are set up above seedbed cover plate center
Head direction is downward；
(2) micro-nozzle road is connected with water pump, and the moisture needed for cuttage seeding is grown up is sprayed by micro-nozzle road by water pump from atomization
Head ejection forms vaporific steam and diffuses in atmosphere, so as to reach the humidity and temperature requirement needed for seedling growth environment；
(3) water pump water spraying time is automatically controlled by water injection system, and water injection system is by set by humidity temperature pickup
Parameter automatically realize automatically controlling water spray to water injection system by conduction；
(4) water pump is placed in the storage tank of the seedbed head of a bed, and return of waste water to backwater collecting box after-treatment is utilized.
Further, system also is trained including nutrient solution spray root, sets up the nutrient solution spray root training system, included successively
Following steps：
(1) it is the nutrient liquid atomizing shower nozzle of 50cm to set spacing at positive 20~30cm of middle-range bottom inside slot type seedbed,
Shower nozzle direction is upward, beneficial to cutting root basal sink nutrient；
(2) micro-nozzle road is connected to water pump, and the nutritional ingredient needed for cuttage seedling rooting is by water pump by micro-nozzle road from mist
Change shower nozzle to spray to form vaporific steam and diffuse in atmosphere, nutrient is directly absorbed by cutting leather bag cell, so as to quickly realize inserting
Bar otch forms callus and seedling of taking root as early as possible；
(3) the Water pump spraying time automatically controlled by system, spraying root training system is by artificial parameter reality set in advance
Now automatically control spraying；
(4) water pump is placed in the nutrition liquid case of the seedbed head of a bed, and waste reflux to waste liquid collecting box after-treatment is utilized；
(5) nutrient solution is modulated and is placed in nutrition liquid case and used for spraying root training in advance.
Further, also including seedbed management method, the seedbed management method is comprised the following steps successively：
(1) nursery bed disinfection：Before cuttage, to many bacterium liquids sterilization that air culture slot type seedbed spray concentration is 600~800 times
Liquid carries out disinfection；Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the space environment in air culture seedbed, not because hot and humid breed bacteria infects cutting otch, is led
The rotten dead seedling of cutting is caused, air culture seedbed spray disinfectant is carried out disinfection every 2 days；
(2) water spray management：Behind oily grape cutting insertion seedbed, begin to place humidity sense in foliar spray moisturizing, shed
Device is answered, water spray moisturizing, nursery bed temperature are automatically obtained by water injection system program according to the humidity requirement for being set by different periods in advance
Control is advisable at 16~26 DEG C, and humidity is not less than 80%；
(3) nutrient management：Fix the period daily carries out Concentration Testing to the nutrient solution collected back, and according to detection data
Mother liquor is added in good time, it is ensured that nutrient solution concentration is suitable.
Further, also including the later stage nursery stock transplanting and seedling management step.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：Using slot type without earth culture seedling bed, the leaf of temperature and humidity control is equipped with after cuttings cuttage
Face automatic water sprinkler systme, cuttings base portion uses nutrient solution spray system, strengthens maintenance management, for oily grape cutting provides suitable raw
The root training environment of root, there is provided survival rate, shortens cultivation period, realizes fast asexual propagation.
Specific embodiment
The method of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to example.
A kind of method of the asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock, specific embodiment is as follows：
(1) build aerosol and cultivate seedbed and auxiliary facility：Temperature and humidity are for the benefit of controlled, training is built in warmhouse booth
Seedling bed；Seedbed using stainless steel be made length be consistent with warmhouse booth, the support of 1~1.2m wide, liftoff 1m；Laid on support
Specification is the slot type Camless valve train seedbed of 1~1.2m wide, 40~50cm high, hard plastic cover plate is laid on seedbed, on cover plate
It is 1~2cm cutting holes to stay spacing 20cm specifications；Build again on the cover board a specification for length be consistent with support, 1~1.2m wide,
The Small plastic shed of 1m high or so covers support, and Small plastic shed covers plastic foil and sunshade net；In seedbed, the head of a bed sets storage tank, nutrition
Liquid case, backwater collecting box, devil liquor recovery treatment box；
(2) foliar spray water system is set up：Spacing 50cm is set up above air culture seedbed cover plate center apart from cover plate face
Spraying water system downwards, is set up in the atomizer of 40cm, atomizer direction；Micro-nozzle road is connected to water pump, cuttage seeding into
Moisture needed for long is sprayed from atomizer by micro-nozzle road by water pump and forms vaporific steam and diffuse in atmosphere, so as to reach
Humidity and temperature requirement needed for seedling growth environment；Water pump water spraying time is automatically controlled by water injection system；Water injection system passes through
Parameter set by humidity temperature pickup automatically realize automatically controlling water spray to water injection system by conduction；Water pump is placed in seedbed bed
The storage tank of head, return of waste water to backwater collecting box after-treatment is utilized；
(3) nutrient solution spray root training system is set up：Spacing is set at positive 20~30cm of middle-range bottom inside slot type seedbed
It is the nutrient liquid atomizing shower nozzle of 50cm, shower nozzle direction is upward, beneficial to cutting root basal sink nutrient；Micro-nozzle road is connected to water
Pump, the nutritional ingredient needed for cuttage seedling rooting is sprayed from atomizer by micro-nozzle road by water pump and forms vaporific steam in air
In diffuse, nutrient is directly absorbed by cutting leather bag cell, so as to quickly realize that cutting otch is formed callus and take root as early as possible
Seedling；The Water pump spraying time is automatically controlled by system；System of taking root of spraying is automatic by artificial parameter realization set in advance
Control spraying；Water pump is placed in the nutrition liquid case of the seedbed head of a bed, and waste reflux to waste liquid collecting box after-treatment is utilized；Nutrient solution
Modulate in advance and be placed in nutrition liquid case to be taken root for spraying and use；
(4) clip of cuttings and treatment：The selection for adopting fringe cuttage period is preferably selected and is carried out in 4~July；Now cutting
Growth cellulose content is high in spray, and separate living tissue is active, and cutting vitality is vigorous, and callus can be promoted to generate and rooting of cuttings,
Easily survive, survival rate can be improved, this period cottage breeding low cost；Cutting orchard choose growth it is vigorous, develop it is normal, disease-free
The oily grape maternal plant of insect pest, chooses on maternal plant that axillary bud is full, the normal branch of leaf growth is cut into cuttings, and cuttings is about 20~
25cm, 1~4 bud of general band, has terminal bud full；When cuttings is chosen with the shady and cool period sooner or later or it is overcast and rainy be advisable, inserted with profit
Fringe motility rate is improved；During clip, cuttings top straight snips, bottom are tiltedly cut, and the clip up and down of cutting is smooth, and otch is near eye；
In order to improve survival rate, when fringe is cut, preferably accomplish with adopting bar, with cutting fringe, with immersion；In vitro cuttings material is divided by size
Class, and concentration neatly be placed in plastic tub, and the taking root liquid for having configured is poured into basin flood cutting base portion soak；
(5) cottage method：Oily grape seedling leaf is roomy, and leaf water evaporation capacity is big, therefore, cutting time is preferably selected peace
Come morning or dusk；Cuttings is unanimously defined by band leaf direction during cuttage, and blade can not be built again, and the cuttings without leaf presses reserved jack
Cuttage is defined；Cuttings and the jack contact position winding in advance appropriate sponge sterilized in advance during cuttage, to prevent cutting thickness
It is irregular to fix well；The cuttage depth about 5~8cm of cuttings, seeding row spacing is that the reserved jack in seedbed is defined and according to specific
Cutting situation is finely tuned；
(6) seedbed management：Before cuttage, to many bacterium liquids sterilization that air culture slot type seedbed spray concentration is 600~800 times
Liquid carries out disinfection；Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the space environment in air culture seedbed, not because hot and humid breed bacteria infects cutting otch, is led
The rotten dead seedling of cutting is caused, air culture seedbed spray disinfectant is carried out disinfection every 2 days；Behind oily grape cutting insertion seedbed, just open
Humidity sensor is placed in beginning foliar spray moisturizing, Small plastic shed, according to the humidity requirement for being set by different periods in advance by spraying water
System program is automatically obtained water spray moisturizing, and nursery bed temperature control is advisable at 16~26 DEG C, and humidity is not less than 80%；When fixed daily
Section carries out Concentration Testing to the nutrient solution collected back, and adds mother liquor in good time according to detection data, it is ensured that nutrient solution concentration is suitable.
The 3rd day after cuttage, observation cutting has callus to preliminarily form；5th day, root leather bag was taken root cell expansion；The
10 days, capillary root bore, and in vitro cuttings base portion grows square root；After 20th day, progressively cutting can be transplanted to equipped with peat
The nutritive cube continued growth of native mixed-matrix is until can transplant to field production.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in essence of the invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of the asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps successively：
(1) selection of land：Built in warmhouse booth and cultivate seedbed；
(2) support makes：The support of 1~1.2m wide, 1m high is built using stainless steel material；
(3) cuttage seedbed makes：The slot type that specification is 1~1.2m wide, 40~50cm high is laid on the support described in step (2)
Camless valve train seedbed, lays rigid plastics cover plate on the seedbed, and the cover plate is provided with the skewer that spacing 20cm specifications are 1~2cm
Jack；
(4) put up a shed：A specification is built again on the cover plate described in step (3) to be consistent with support described in step (2), wide by 1~
1.2m, the shed of 1m high cover the support, and the shed is provided with covering plastic foil and sunshade net；
(5) cutting time：In 4 annual~July；
(6) female fringe selection：Chosen in cutting orchard and grow oily grape maternal plant that is vigorous, developing normal, no disease and pests harm, chosen on maternal plant
Axillary bud is full, the normal branch of leaf growth is cut into cuttings, and cuttings is about 15~25cm, with 1~4 bud, has terminal bud to satisfy
It is full；
(7) fringe bar clip：During clip, cuttings top straight snips, bottom are tiltedly cut, and the clip up and down of cutting is smooth, and otch is in eye
Near；
(8) immersion treatment：The cuttings material that will be sheared before cuttage is classified by size, and concentration is neatly placed in plastic tub, and
The taking root liquid for having configured is poured into basin and floods the immersion of cutting base portion；
(9) cuttage：Cuttings is unanimously defined by band leaf direction during cuttage, and blade can not be built again, and the cuttings without leaf presses reserved jack skewer
It is inserted as standard, cuttings and the appropriate sponge sterilized in advance of jack contact position winding in advance, to prevent the cutting plucked can not
It is fixed well, and the cuttage depth of cuttings is 5~8cm, seeding row spacing is defined and according to specific cutting feelings by the reserved jack in seedbed
Condition is adjusted；
The head of a bed in the seedbed is additionally provided with storage tank, nutrition liquid case, backwater collecting box and devil liquor recovery treatment box.
2. the method for the asexual fast breeding of a kind of oily grape nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include
Foliar spray water system, sets up the foliar spray water system, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) atomizers of the spacing 50cm apart from cover plate face 40cm, the atomizer side are set up above seedbed cover plate center
To downward；
(2) micro-nozzle road is connected with water pump, and the moisture needed for cuttage seeding is grown up is sprayed by micro-nozzle road by water pump from atomizer
Go out to be formed vaporific steam to diffuse in atmosphere, so as to reach the humidity and temperature requirement needed for seedling growth environment；
(3) water pump water spraying time is automatically controlled by water injection system, and water injection system is by the parameter set by humidity temperature pickup
Automatic conduction is realized automatically controlling water spray to water injection system；
(4) water pump is placed in the storage tank of the seedbed head of a bed, and return of waste water to backwater collecting box after-treatment is utilized.
3. the method for the asexual fast breeding of a kind of oily grape nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include
Nutrient solution spray root trains system, sets up the nutrient solution spray root training system, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) it is the nutrient liquid atomizing shower nozzle of 50cm, shower nozzle to set spacing at positive 20~30cm of middle-range bottom inside slot type seedbed
Direction is upward, beneficial to cutting root basal sink nutrient；
(2) micro-nozzle road is connected to water pump, and the nutritional ingredient needed for cuttage seedling rooting is sprayed by micro-nozzle road by water pump from atomization
Head ejection forms vaporific steam and diffuses in atmosphere, and nutrient is directly absorbed by cutting leather bag cell, so as to quickly realize that cutting is cut
Mouth forms callus and seedling of taking root as early as possible；
(3) the Water pump spraying time automatically controlled by system, spraying root training system by artificial parameter set in advance realize from
Dynamic control spraying；
(4) water pump is placed in the nutrition liquid case of the seedbed head of a bed, and waste reflux to waste liquid collecting box after-treatment is utilized；
(5) nutrient solution is modulated and is placed in nutrition liquid case and used for spraying root training in advance.
4. the method for the asexual fast breeding of a kind of oily grape nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include
Seedbed management method, the seedbed management method, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) nursery bed disinfection：Before cuttage, many bacterium liquid thimerosals that air culture slot type seedbed spray concentration is 600~800 times are entered
Row sterilization；Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the space environment in air culture seedbed, not because hot and humid breed bacteria infects cutting otch, causes to insert
Bar rotted dead seedling, and air culture seedbed spray disinfectant is carried out disinfection every 2 days；
(2) water spray management：Behind oily grape cutting insertion seedbed, begin to place humidity sensor in foliar spray moisturizing, shed,
Water spray moisturizing is automatically obtained by water injection system program according to the humidity requirement for being set by different periods in advance, nursery bed temperature control exists
16~26 DEG C are advisable, and humidity is not less than 80%；
(3) nutrient management：Fix the period daily carries out Concentration Testing to the nutrient solution collected back, and in good time according to detection data
Addition mother liquor, it is ensured that nutrient solution concentration is suitable.
5. the method for the asexual fast breeding of a kind of oily grape nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include
The nursery stock transplanting and seedling management step in later stage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710227419.4A CN106900509A (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2017-04-10 | A kind of method of the asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710227419.4A CN106900509A (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2017-04-10 | A kind of method of the asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock |
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| CN106900509A true CN106900509A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
Family
ID=59195549
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| CN201710227419.4A Pending CN106900509A (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2017-04-10 | A kind of method of the asexual fast breeding of oily grape nursery stock |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107455228A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-12 | 南京图艾生物医药科技有限公司 | Red milk grape planting process in a kind of greenhouse |
| CN113951117A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Efficient breeding technology of Martin grapes |
| CN113950973A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Cuttage breeding bed of planting |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107455228A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-12 | 南京图艾生物医药科技有限公司 | Red milk grape planting process in a kind of greenhouse |
| CN113951117A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Efficient breeding technology of Martin grapes |
| CN113950973A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Cuttage breeding bed of planting |
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