CN110771489A - Dendrobium officinale cultivation device and cultivation method - Google Patents
Dendrobium officinale cultivation device and cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The utility model provides a dendrobium officinale cultivation device, includes the cultivation pipe, and the cultivation pipe is the elasticity pipe, and cultivation pipe surface is vertical to be equipped with a plurality of incisions, forms the shell fragment that returns through the fixed dendrobium officinale seedling of resilience centre gripping, and it is integrative continuous with cultivation pipe to return shell fragment bottom. The invention has the beneficial effects that: adopt the new bamboo culm of cutting down to carry out bionical cultivation, more flexible has avoided planting under complicated geological conditions such as woodland and stone wall and has brought the management inconvenient, not only can lean on massif in bank cultivation, also can set up the piece cultivation of piece, and the form is various, detects through sampling analysis simultaneously, and product quality is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dendrobium officinale cultivation, in particular to a dendrobium officinale cultivation device and method.
Background
Dendrobium officinale, also known as Stephania sidelobe or Stephania scholaris, with the scientific name: dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, an epiphytic herb of the family Orchidaceae, is a top-grade product of dendrobe, and is named because the epidermis is iron green. The Chinese dao is called "Xiancao", which is the head of Jiudao Zhonghua. It is always listed as the top grade Chinese medicine like ganoderma lucidum, ginseng, cordyceps sinensis, etc. It generally grows between cliff walls which are rare in human body, and roots do not penetrate into soil, so that the cliff is moistened by cloud, fog, rain and dew all the year round, and the biological habit is determined by secret inspection. In the long-term evolution, the natural reproduction rate is extremely low, the growth conditions are harsh, and in addition, the wild population is endangered to extinction by the long-term unregulated mining and digging of human beings, so that the wild population is classified as a secondary protection plant by the nation.
The artificial cultivation of the dendrobium officinale can be carried out in a greenhouse, the greenhouse is required to be ventilated, shaded and rain-sheltered, an insect-proof net is arranged, and natural factors such as illumination, temperature, humidity, ventilation and the like of a field are considered according to the growth habit of the dendrobium officinale. The suitable growth temperature of the dendrobium officinale is 15-30 ℃, the dendrobium officinale is hot in summer in Zhejiang province, and is generally covered by a 80% sunshade net, and a plastic film is opened to facilitate cooling; in winter, the film is cold and sealed by a double-layer plastic film for heat preservation under the sun shading degree of 30-50 percent. The dendrobium officinale needs to keep the matrix moist, the air humidity is preferably kept above 80%, water cannot be accumulated, and the dendrobium officinale is preferably irrigated by adopting spray irrigation or drip irrigation and cannot be irrigated by adopting spray irrigation or drip irrigation. The water pouring amount is different in different regions in different seasons.
Because the dendrobium officinale is an epiphytic plant and mainly grows on the trunks or limestone of some tall trees in the shade and the moisture under natural conditions, the artificial epiphytic planting of the dendrobium officinale can be divided into 3 forms of tree planting, stone planting and humus soil planting under the artificial breeding and cultivation conditions by simulating the natural environment conditions. When the trees are planted, broad-leaved tree species (such as yellow pueraria, pear, camphor tree and the like) with bark having longitudinal ditches can be selected as planting attached masters, the tree load has higher requirement on site limitation, the flexibility is lacked, and the later-stage maintenance needs certain supervision; the stone planting is performed by selecting stones which are rough in texture, easy to absorb moisture due to loose bubbles and adhered with humus or moss on the surface as planting attachment main parts, stone-carrying operation is inconvenient, workers need to climb up and down a slope for picking, and certain risks are caused; during humus soil cultivation, a high compartment with the height of 15cm is built by bricks or stones under a relatively shady and wet forest, humus soil, fine sand and gravel are uniformly mixed and filled into the compartment, the humus soil can be planted after leveling, a shading shed with the height of 100 plus 120cm is built on the surface of the compartment, the transportation and the transplantation are relatively inconvenient, and the three-dimensional space is not effectively utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a dendrobium officinale cultivation device and a cultivation method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a dendrobium officinale cultivation device, includes the cultivation pipe, and the cultivation pipe is the elasticity pipe, and cultivation pipe surface is vertical to be equipped with a plurality of incisions, forms the shell fragment that returns through the fixed dendrobium officinale seedling of resilience centre gripping, and it is integrative continuous with cultivation pipe to return shell fragment bottom.
Preferably, the cultivation pipe is a newly cut raw bamboo stem, the newly cut raw bamboo stem is 3-4m long and 5-15cm in diameter, 1-3 cuts are cut along the bamboo stem from top to bottom between each bamboo joint to form a bamboo strip clamp as a return spring piece, the top of the bamboo strip clamp is separated from the bamboo stem, and the bottom of the bamboo strip clamp is integrally connected with the bamboo stem.
Preferably, the incisions are distributed along the ring, the incisions having a width of 2-5cm and a length of 5-15 cm.
Preferably, the bamboo joint cavity is filled with a substrate for conserving moisture for plant growth.
A method for cultivating Dendrobium officinale, which comprises cultivating Dendrobium officinale by using the device of any one of claims 1-4.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
s1 seedling selection: selecting a high-quality, high-yield and strong-stress-resistance dendrobium officinale variety, performing tissue culture seedling hardening for 14-21 days, then performing bottle-out planting, culturing for 1-2 years, selecting a domesticated seedling of dendrobium officinale with strong growth, more germination, developed root system and no plant diseases and insect pests, cutting off dead branches, broken branches, old branches and overlong fibrous roots, cutting a plant cluster, dividing into small clusters, and performing epiphytic planting by taking 5-7 stem plants with leaves in each cluster as dendrobium officinale seedlings;
s2 epiphytic planting: placing a dendrobium officinale seedling in each bamboo split clamp, wherein 40-60 dendrobium officinale seedlings can be planted in each bamboo stalk;
s3 cultivation and erection; after the bamboo stalks are selected to be placed in the ground, standing the bamboo stalks planted with the dendrobium officinale seedlings, wherein the standing oblique angle is 75-85 degrees, the bamboo stalks are connected in series through a connecting structure to form a cultivation frame, and spray pipes are arranged along the upper parts of the bamboo stalks connected in series;
s4, post curing: and (4) spraying the planted dendrobium officinale seedlings through a spraying pipe regularly according to the growth conditions of the planted dendrobium officinale seedlings.
Preferably, the placing method in S2 is to poke the bamboo skin clamp with a hand, place the seedling of dendrobium officinale seedling with the root facing downward in the bamboo skin clamp from the top of the cut, the placing position is 2-4cm away from the top of the cut at the position of the root of the seedling of dendrobium officinale.
Preferably, the connection structure in S3 includes thin bamboo poles and ropes, two ends of each bamboo pole are respectively connected in series and in rows by a thin bamboo pole, and two ends of each bamboo pole are respectively connected with the thin bamboo poles through the ropes.
Preferably, the rope is sleeved on the bamboo culm to form a rope loop, two ends of the rope are buckled and fixed with the thin bamboo culm, and the diameter of the rope loop is matched with that of the bamboo culm.
Preferably, the connection structure in the S3 includes a cultivation support and a rope, the cultivation support includes two concentric rings connected through the connection support, the two concentric rings are respectively a large ring and a small ring, the large ring is under, the small ring is above, each bamboo stalk is distributed along the equal central angles of the rings and is respectively tied and connected with the cultivation support through the rope, and the top end and the bottom end of the bamboo stalk are respectively tied and tied on the small ring and the large ring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: adopt the new bamboo culm of cutting down to carry out bionical cultivation, more flexible has avoided planting under complicated geological conditions such as woodland and stone wall and has brought the management inconvenient, not only can lean on massif in bank cultivation, also can set up the piece cultivation of piece, and the form is various, detects through sampling analysis simultaneously, and product quality is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a Dendrobium officinale cultivation device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Combine figure 1, a dendrobium officinale cultivation device, including cultivating pipe 1, the cultivation pipe is the elasticity pipe, and cultivation pipe surface is vertical to be equipped with a plurality of incisions 2, forms the resilience piece 3 through the fixed dendrobium officinale seedling of resilience centre gripping, makes the dendrobium officinale seedling can fix and grows in cultivation pipe surface adhesion, and the piece bottom of resilience piece links to each other with cultivation pipe is integrative.
Furthermore, the inner side of the rebound sheet is attached with a buffer cotton to avoid crushing dendrobium officinale seedlings.
Furthermore, the central angles such as the notches are arranged along the pipe surface, so that the three-dimensional space is effectively utilized.
A dendrobium officinale cultivation device is characterized in that a return spring piece formed by an incision is rectangular or semicircular.
The utility model provides a dendrobium officinale cultivation device, resilience piece top outwards overturns and forms and turn over piece 4, the workman's operation of being convenient for.
The utility model provides a dendrobium officinale cultivation device, cultivates the pipe and is solid elasticity pipe, and the material of solid elasticity pipe is one or more in rattan, plastics, resin, silica gel, realizes the centre gripping of kick-backing to the dendrobium officinale seedling through the material that has certain resilience force and toughness.
The utility model provides a dendrobium officinale cultivation device, the cultivation pipe is hollow elastic tube, and the material of hollow elastic tube is in one or more in bamboo timber, plastics, resin, silica gel, can fill the matrix in the hollow tubular product, can adjust the matrix ratio according to the different manual of planting environment, and it is high to adjust the suitability.
The utility model provides a dendrobium officinale cultivation device, the interior equidistance of cultivation pipe seals there is the water-stop sheet, is convenient for carry out humidity control to the microenvironment of dendrobium officinale seedling attachment portion, ensures that same cultivation pipe's top and bottom humidity are close, and during the irrigation, the gouache is along the pipe face downflow, and each water-stop sheet forms the cavity that can preserve certain moisture with cultivation pipe, provides certain humidity for cultivation pipe surface adhesion's dendrobium officinale seedling.
Furthermore, be carved with the water drainage tank on the baffle, the surface of planting the pipe is opened with the through-hole with the relative department of water drainage tank, has sealed the water shutoff stopper on the through-hole, and the accessible is opened/is closed the convenient moisture of adjusting in the clean cavity of water shutoff stopper, avoids ponding too much.
A dendrobium officinale cultivation device is characterized in that a cultivation pipe is a newly cut raw bamboo stem, the newly cut raw bamboo stem is 3-4m long and 5-15cm in diameter, 1-3 cuts are cut along the bamboo stem from top to bottom between each bamboo joint to form a bamboo skin clamp as a return spring piece, the top of the bamboo skin clamp is separated from the bamboo stem, and the bottom of the bamboo skin clamp is integrally connected with the bamboo stem. The movable type cultivation bed has the advantages of simple transportation, quick assembly and disassembly, high flexibility, capability of leaning on mountain bodies for cultivation in rows, capability of being built for cultivation in slices, and various forms.
A Dendrobium officinale cultivation device has incisions distributed along the ring, with width of 2-5cm and length of 5-15 cm.
A culture device for Dendrobium officinale comprises a bamboo joint cavity filled with a substrate for conserving water and supplying plant growth. The matrix comprises one or more of water moss, crushed stone, peanut shell, moss, coconut peel, pine bark, wood chip, charcoal and wood block.
A method for cultivating Dendrobium officinale comprises cultivating Dendrobium officinale by using a Dendrobium officinale cultivation device.
A cultivation method of dendrobium officinale comprises the following steps:
s1 seedling selection: the method comprises the steps of selecting a high-quality, high-yield and strong-stress-resistance dendrobium officinale variety, performing tissue culture seedling hardening for 14-21 days, then performing bottle-out planting, and selecting substrates with good water retention and ventilation property, such as sphagna, broken stones, peanut shells, moss, coconut shells, pine barks, wood chips, charcoal, wood blocks and the like for cultivation. After culturing for 1-2 years, selecting domesticated dendrobium officinale seedlings which are strong in growth, have more sprouts and developed root systems and do not have diseases and insect pests, cutting off dead branches, broken branches, old branches and overlong fibrous roots, cutting plant clusters, dividing the plant clusters into small clusters, and carrying out epiphytic planting on 5-7 stem plants with leaves in each cluster as dendrobium officinale seedlings;
s2 epiphytic planting: placing a dendrobium officinale seedling in each bamboo split clamp, wherein 40-60 dendrobium officinale seedlings can be planted in each bamboo stalk;
s3 cultivation and erection; after the bamboo stalks are selected to be placed in the ground, the bamboo stalks planted with the dendrobium officinale seedlings are erected, the erecting oblique angle is 75-85 degrees, the bamboo stalks are connected in series through a connecting structure to form a cultivation frame, the spraying pipes are arranged along the upper portions of the bamboo stalks connected in series, and the place where the rock walls, the forest land with the canopy density of 0.4-0.5, the bionic environment or the greenhouse can be selected to be used as the ground for cultivating the dendrobium officinale seedlings.
S4, post curing: according to the growth condition of the planted dendrobium officinale seedlings, the planted dendrobium officinale seedlings are sprayed regularly through a spraying pipe, the environment humidity and temperature are improved through water regulation, and no fertilizer is applied in the cultivation process.
A method for cultivating Dendrobium officinale includes such steps as manually opening the bamboo strip clamp in S2, and putting the seedling of Dendrobium officinale in the clamp at the position 2-4cm from the root to the top of cut.
A method for cultivating dendrobium officinale includes that a connecting structure in S3 comprises thin bamboo poles and ropes, two ends of each bamboo stalk are respectively connected in series in rows through the thin bamboo poles, and two ends of each bamboo stalk are respectively connected with the thin bamboo poles through the ropes in a buckled mode.
A method for cultivating Dendrobium officinale comprises sleeving a rope on a bamboo stalk, tying into a rope loop, and tying and fixing the two ends of the rope with thin bamboo stalk again, wherein the diameter of the rope loop is identical to that of the bamboo stalk. Each bamboo stalk can independently rotate in the rope loop to adjust the standing posture of the bamboo stalks, so as to adjust the microbial habitat of the dendrobium officinale fixedly planted on the bamboo stalks.
A cultivation method of dendrobium officinale is characterized in that a connection structure in S3 comprises a cultivation support and a rope, the cultivation support comprises two concentric rings connected through the connection support, the two concentric rings are respectively a large ring and a small ring, the large ring is arranged below the small ring, the small ring is arranged above the small ring, bamboo stalks are distributed along the same central angles of the rings and are respectively connected with the cultivation support through rope binding, and the top ends and the bottom ends of the bamboo stalks are respectively bound on the small ring and the large ring to form a conical cultivation frame with a small top and a large bottom.
Example 1 comparison of quality differences of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo in different cultivation modes
Materials and methods
The test site is located in Xinlongcun (N27 degrees 45 degrees, E120 degrees 0 degrees and altitude 320 m) of Huangtanzhen, Wenchun county, and belongs to a subtropical marine monsoon climate zone. The average annual air temperature is 18.1 ℃, the average air temperature is 7 months in the hottest month, 28.7 ℃, the average air temperature is 1 month in the coldest month, 8 ℃, 285 days in the perennial frost-free period, 1885mm in annual rainfall, 1285mm in annual evapotranspiration and 1807h in annual sunshine. The epiphytic forest of the living trees in the test area is masson pine forest, and the dominant species is masson pine (A), (B)
Pinus massoniana Lamb．) The arbor layer is occasionally presented by fir (
Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) And (b) a wood lotus
Schima superba Gardn. et Champ.) Quercus cyclobalanopsis (Quercus cyclobalanopsis)
Cyclobalanopsis glauca (Thunb.) Oerst.) The epibiotic cliff belongs to low hill glutenite and is located in the pinus massoniana forest.
Method for planting Xinjiang moso bamboo
The method comprises the steps of cutting moso bamboos of 3-5 ages in a new cutting mode, wherein the diameter of the bamboos is 8-12cm, cutting off all branches of the moso bamboos, keeping the length of the bamboo stalks to be 3-4m, cutting 2-3 gaps between every two bamboo joints along the bamboo stalks from top to bottom, separating the upper ends of the disconnected bamboo splits from the bamboo stalks, and connecting the lower ends of the bamboo splits with the bamboo stalks to form a bamboo split clamp capable of self-rebounding. A1-year-old big seedling of the dendrobium officinale is placed between each bamboo skin clamp, and 40-60 iron sheets can be planted in each new bamboo. After the moso bamboos are selected to be placed in the ground (the study selects the interior of a pine forest and the side of a stone wall in the forest), the moso bamboo stalks planted with the dendrobium officinale seedlings are erected, the erecting oblique angle is about 80 degrees, two ends of a plurality of bamboo stalks are connected in series through thin bamboo poles, each bamboo stalk is fixed through a rope, but each bamboo stalk can rotate independently to adjust the erecting posture of the moso bamboos, and the purpose is to adjust the micro habitat of the dendrobium officinale fixedly planted on the moso bamboo stalks. Spraying pipes are arranged at the upper parts of the moso bamboo stalks which are connected in series, the environmental humidity and temperature are improved through water regulation, and no fertilizer is applied in the cultivation process.
Method for planting living tree
Selecting pinus massoniana with the diameter at breast height of more than 10cm, planting the pinus massoniana at intervals of 30-50 cm upwards from the left and right sides of the base part 1m of a trunk of the pinus massoniana, binding 1-year-old seedlings of dendrobium officinale on the trunk by using a straw rope to form planting rings surrounding the trunk, planting 3-6 plants in each planting ring, wherein the number of the plants is determined according to the diameter at breast height of the pinus massoniana, the distance between every two adjacent dendrobium officinale plants on the planting rings is about 10cm, and the planting height is about 5 m. Spraying pipes are arranged between the forests above the planting height, the environment humidity and temperature are improved through water regulation, and no fertilizer is applied in the planting process.
Stone wall planting method
Selecting a rock wall with the gradient not more than 85 degrees, fixing elastic strip cloth by using cement nails along a contour line, pulling up the cloth by hands, forming a gap between the cloth and the rock wall, putting down the cloth to rebound, fixing 1-year dendrobium officinale seedlings on the rock wall by the resilience force, planting a dendrobium officinale plant at an interval of 20cm, and planting zones at a distance of about 30 cm. And (3) arranging a sprinkling irrigation pipe above the planted dendrobium officinale along the horizontal direction of the stone wall, improving the environment humidity and temperature through water regulation, and applying no fertilizer in the planting process.
Determination of Properties
And randomly extracting 20 clusters of dendrobium officinale under three planting modes (10 clusters of moso bamboos in the pine forest and beside the stone wall in the forest), and measuring the fresh weight of stems and the average length of the stems of each cluster. The drying rate, water content, ash content and polysaccharide are measured according to the pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China 2015 edition, and the crude fiber content (the crude fiber content in GB/T5009.10-2003 plant foods) and the protein content (the protein content in GB 5009.5-2016 food safety national standard foods) are measured.
Data analysis
The measured data were collated using Excell2007 and statistically analyzed using SPSS13.0 software. And the character difference under different planting modes adopts single-factor variance analysis.
Results and analysis
Growth status and yield comparison under different planting modes
The tillering number, stem length and fresh weight of the stem of dendrobium officinale under different cultivation modes are shown in table 1. The difference of tillering number of each bundle of dendrobium officinale in different planting modes is obvious (F = 10.508), and 7.6 tillering numbers of tillering plants in the new bamboos epiphytic cultivation are 1.36 times of that in the rock wall epiphytic cultivation, but are lower than 9.8 tillering plants in the live tree epiphytic cultivation. There was no significant difference between the stem lengths of Dendrobium officinale under the cultivation conditions of cliff epiphytic and new cut Phyllostachys Pubescens, 11.2cm and 10.6cm respectively, but both were significantly lower than the live tree epiphytic mode (Table 1). The quality difference of the fresh dendrobium officinale strips is obvious, the fresh weight of the fresh dendrobium officinale strips in the rock wall epiphytic environment is the lowest, and the fresh weight is obviously lower than 13.91g under the condition of newly cut moso bamboos and 28.76g under the condition of living trees.
TABLE 1 comparison of Dendrobium officinale traits in different biomimetic cultivation modes
| Cultivation mode | Tillering number/strain | Stem length/cm | Fresh weight of stem/g |
| Living tree epiphytic cultivation LC | 9.8±1.6c | 17.8±2.2b | 28.76±2.53c |
| Rock wall epiphytic cultivation SC | 5.6±1.5a | 11.2±1.9a | 10.01±1.99a |
| Epiphytic cultivation BC for Xinjiang Mao bamboo | 7.6±1.1b | 10.6±2.0a | 13.91±2.00b |
The same letter after the same column indicates no significant difference, and the different letters indicate significant difference.
Quality difference under different planting modes
The quality difference of the fresh stem strips of dendrobium officinale is shown in table 2 obviously under different bionic cultivation modes. The moisture content of fresh stems of dendrobium officinale in the three cultivation modes has no obvious difference, but the epiphytic cultivation dry-breaking rate of the Xinjiang Mao bamboo is the lowest, and the epiphytic cultivation dry-breaking rate of the rock wall is obviously higher than that of the other two modes; ash content in epiphytic cultivation of the Xinjiang Mao bamboo is obviously higher than that in a living tree and rock wall epiphytic cultivation mode; the content of polysaccharide in epiphytic cultivation of the Xinjiang Mao bamboo and the live tree has no obvious difference and respectively reaches 32.6 percent and 33.1 percent, the content of polysaccharide in epiphytic cultivation of the rock wall is obviously increased to 35.0 percent and meets the requirement that the content of polysaccharide in dry weight of dendrobium officinale is more than 25 percent in 2015 edition of pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China. The content of crude fiber and protein is consistent, the living tree epiphytic cultivation is obviously higher than that of the rock wall and the new cut moso bamboo, and no obvious difference exists between the rock wall and the new cut moso bamboo epiphytic cultivation.
TABLE 2 comparison of Dendrobium officinale quality in different biomimetic cultivation modes
| Cultivation mode | Folding stemPercentage ratio% | Water content% | Ash content% | Polysaccharide% | Crude fiber% | Protein g/100g |
| Living tree epiphytic cultivation LC | 14.3±0.25b | 4.7±1.06a | 3.2±0.01a | 33.1±0.59a | 18.9±1.38b | 5.42±0.02b |
| Rock wall epiphytic cultivation SC | 17.5±1.17c | 4.1±1.20a | 3.6±0.03b | 35.0±0.06b | 14.6±0.79a | 3.19±0.03a |
| Epiphytic cultivation BC for Xinjiang Mao bamboo | 12.2±0.36a | 4.4±0.69a | 4.2±0.01c | 32.6±0.21a | 16.5±0.72a | 3.17±0.01a |
The same letter after the same column indicates no significant difference, and the different letters indicate significant difference.
At present, the dendrobium officinale planting industry is developed rapidly, particularly, after 2015, green and pollution-free products produced by bionic cultivation under forests show advantages after a large number of facility cultivation products come into the market, and transformation from facility cultivation to a bionic cultivation mode is presented. Forest land resources are rich in China, living tree bionic cultivation and rock wall bionic cultivation are bionic cultivation modes which are applied more currently, the cultivation mode simulates a wild growth state, the dendrobium officinale shows the characteristics of developed root system and irregular stem growth, the shape of the dendrobium officinale is quite similar to that of the wild dendrobium officinale, only the temperature and humidity of a habitat need to be regulated and controlled through a simple spraying facility in a growth season, a substrate is not needed, no fertilizer is applied, and the dendrobium officinale can also grow well. According to the invention, the Xinjiang Mao bamboos are used as epiphytic materials, compared with the quality of live trees and rock wall epiphytic cultivation products, the polysaccharide content is found to have no significant difference with the live tree cultivation, the polysaccharide content is far more than the requirement of the pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China on the polysaccharide content of dendrobium officinale by dry weight of more than 25%, and in addition, the crude fiber and protein content have no difference with the rock wall cultivation. In addition, the living tree cultivation is limited by forest stand density, the defect of small planting density exists, the rock wall cultivation is limited by environment, the defect of difficult operation exists, and the epiphytic material for the epiphytic cultivation of the Xinjiang bamboos is convenient to obtain, can fully utilize space, and can be popularized as a novel cultivation mode.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a dendrobium officinale cultivation device, includes the cultivation pipe, and the cultivation pipe is the elasticity pipe, its characterized in that, and the cultivation pipe vertical is equipped with a plurality of incisions in surface, forms the shell fragment that returns through the fixed dendrobium officinale seedling of resilience centre gripping, returns shell fragment bottom and cultivation pipe an organic whole and links to each other.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the cultivation tube is a newly harvested raw bamboo stalk, the newly harvested raw bamboo stalk is 3-4m long and 5-15cm in diameter, each bamboo node is cut along the bamboo stalk from top to bottom by 1-3 cuts to form a thin bamboo strip clamp as a clip, the top of the thin bamboo strip clamp is separated from the bamboo stalk, and the bottom of the thin bamboo strip clamp is integrally connected with the bamboo stalk.
3. The cultivation device for Dendrobium officinale according to claim 2, wherein the cuts are distributed along the ring, and the width of the cut is 2-5cm and the length is 5-15 cm.
4. The cultivation method of Dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bamboo joint cavity is filled with a substrate for conserving moisture and supplying plant growth.
5. A cultivation method of Dendrobium officinale, characterized in that the cultivation of Dendrobium officinale is carried out by using the cultivation device of Dendrobium officinale of any of claims 1-4.
6. The cultivation method of dendrobium officinale according to claim 4, comprising the following steps:
s1 seedling selection: selecting a high-quality, high-yield and strong-stress-resistance dendrobium officinale variety, performing tissue culture seedling hardening for 14-21 days, then performing bottle-out planting, culturing for 1-2 years, selecting a domesticated seedling of dendrobium officinale with strong growth, more germination, developed root system and no plant diseases and insect pests, cutting off dead branches, broken branches, old branches and overlong fibrous roots, cutting a plant cluster, dividing into small clusters, and performing epiphytic planting by taking 5-7 stem plants with leaves in each cluster as dendrobium officinale seedlings;
s2 epiphytic planting: placing a dendrobium officinale seedling in each bamboo split clamp, wherein 40-60 dendrobium officinale seedlings can be planted in each bamboo stalk;
s3 cultivation and erection; after the bamboo stalks are selected to be placed in the ground, standing the bamboo stalks planted with the dendrobium officinale seedlings, wherein the standing oblique angle is 75-85 degrees, the bamboo stalks are connected in series through a connecting structure to form a cultivation frame, and spray pipes are arranged along the upper parts of the bamboo stalks connected in series;
s4, post curing: and (4) spraying the planted dendrobium officinale seedlings through a spraying pipe regularly according to the growth conditions of the planted dendrobium officinale seedlings.
7. The cultivation method of Dendrobium officinale according to claim 5, wherein the placing method in S2 is to open the bamboo skin clamp by hand, and place the seedling of Dendrobium officinale in the bamboo skin clamp with the root facing downwards from the top of the cut, the placing position being 2-4cm from the root of the seedling of Dendrobium officinale to the top of the cut.
8. The cultivation method of dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 5, wherein the connection structure in S3 comprises thin bamboo poles and ropes, two ends of each bamboo stalk are respectively connected in series and in rows by one thin bamboo pole, and two ends of each bamboo stalk are respectively connected with the thin bamboo poles through the ropes in a buckled manner.
9. The cultivation method of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo as claimed in claim 8, wherein the rope is sleeved on the bamboo culm to form a rope loop, two ends of the rope are fastened and fixed with the thin bamboo culm, and the diameter of the rope loop is identical to the diameter of the bamboo culm.
10. The cultivation method of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo as claimed in claim 5, wherein the connection structure in S3 comprises a cultivation support and a rope, the cultivation support comprises two concentric rings connected by the connection support, the two concentric rings are respectively a large ring and a small ring, the large ring is below and the small ring is above, each bamboo stalk is distributed along the same central angle of the rings and is connected with the cultivation support by the rope, the top end and the bottom end of the bamboo stalk are respectively tied to the small ring and the large ring.
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