CN110721164A - 匹莫苯的改善的药物组合物 - Google Patents
匹莫苯的改善的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110721164A CN110721164A CN201911179250.5A CN201911179250A CN110721164A CN 110721164 A CN110721164 A CN 110721164A CN 201911179250 A CN201911179250 A CN 201911179250A CN 110721164 A CN110721164 A CN 110721164A
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- pimobendan
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- polyethylene glycol
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Abstract
本发明涉及组合物,其包含匹莫苯的颗粒,所述颗粒具有用于确保在代表胃肠道的各pH条件下活性物质的快速溶出以及因此确保可靠的吸收的载体基质的完整包衣,并且涉及匹莫苯微囊化的方法,其使用喷雾冷凝技术,并将包衣颗粒掺入口服制剂(例如片剂)中。
Description
本申请是申请日为2014年12月1日的第201480066115.9号发明名称为“匹莫苯的改善的药物组合物”的中国专利申请的分案申请。
发明领域
本发明涉及医学领域,特别是兽医学领域。本发明涉及用于治疗源自瓣膜关闭不全或扩张型心肌病的充血性心力衰竭的磷酸二酯酶抑制剂匹莫苯(pimobendan)的口服制剂的改善,以及制备所述制剂的方法。
背景信息
匹莫苯(4,5-二氢-6-(2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-5-基)-5-甲基-3(2H))-哒嗪酮)是在EP 0 008 391中记载为具有强心、降血压和抗血栓活性的物质的苯并咪唑-哒酮衍生物。
EP 0 439 030公开了匹莫苯在水性环境中的低溶解度,其特征仍在于高度pH依赖性质。根据所使用的缓冲体系,在水中,在1-3的pH下,约100-300mg/升溶解,但是在pH 5下,仅约1mg/升会溶解。在人中,该现象导致强烈波动的血液浓度,其水平经常太低。这些不令人满意的吸收特性通过匹莫苯在水性介质中的溶解度的高pH依赖性以及通过受试个体的胃肠道中波动的pH条件来解释。根据该专利,匹莫苯的低溶解度以及溶解度的高pH依赖性可通过使用粉末状匹莫苯和粉末状柠檬酸的紧密的干燥混合物来克服,其中所述混合物为每不小于约五重量份的柠檬酸和药学活性载体多达约一重量份的匹莫苯,将其填充入胶囊或压制为片剂,以用于口服给药。据说强烈波动的血液浓度通过该酸性微球防止,这由匹莫苯颗粒周围形成的柠檬酸的溶解速率导致。所述微球总是酸性的,并且确保匹莫苯的可靠的、几乎非pH依赖性溶出和吸收。
WO 2005/084647涉及包含匹莫苯的新型固体制剂,所述匹莫苯均匀地分散在选自柠檬酸、乙酸、马来酸、酒石酸或其酸酐的多价酸和调味物质中。根据所述公开,大量的柠檬酸及其酸性味道不是大部分动物容易接受的。因此,不得不将这些制剂强制饲喂给动物,或在施用前将其与食物混合。根据WO 2005/084647,这些困难可通过使用该新型制剂(优选为片剂的形式)来克服。最优选的为特征在于以下的片剂:所述片剂包含1.25mg、2.5mg、5mg或10mg匹莫苯,并且还包含柠檬酸(优选其量为50mg/g固体制剂)、人造牛肉调味剂和药学上可接受的赋形剂。
WO 2010/055119公开了新型制剂,其包含匹莫苯和有机羧酸,其中唯一的有机羧酸为琥珀酸,并且琥珀酸与匹莫苯的重量比率为至少11:1。
WO 2010/010257涉及包衣组合物用于涂覆至由匹莫苯制成的固体兽医学药物组合物的用途,其通过包含粉末状开胃物质、粘合剂和溶剂的膜包衣的方法进行。
EP 2 338 493提供匹莫苯的新结晶形式,其溶解度特性使得不需要加入有机酸或其酸酐以确保所述物质的令人满意的吸收。
至于其生物药学性质,可将匹莫苯归类至生物药学分类系统(BiopharmaceuticsClassification Systems(BSC))中的IV类。这意味着其表现出挑战性的分子性质,诸如低溶解度和低渗透性;二者均被认为是吸收的速率限制步骤。然而,匹莫苯的不令人满意的吸收特性可主要通过其在水性介质中溶解度的高度pH依赖性以及通过要治疗的目标动物的胃肠道的波动的pH条件来解释。已知即使是胃液的pH也可取决于食物的存在而在相对宽范围(即1-5)内变化。发现犬的禁食胃pH在0.9-2.5之间变化,而在餐后第一小时,胃pH可表现出2-3pH单位升高。此外,肠液的特征也在于3-7.5的波动的pH条件。
根据现有技术,由于匹莫苯的溶解度的高度pH依赖性导致的其不令人满意的吸收通过在制剂中同时给药大量的有机酸或者使用物质的不同的结晶形式(多晶型物)来防止。
因此,本发明的目的是提供改善的匹莫苯制剂,其克服了现有技术中的问题。
发明概述
令人惊奇地,现在发明人在不使用有机羧酸或者修改物质的结晶形式下,通过应用脂质包埋(脂质包衣)方法,成功地克服了匹莫苯的溶解度的高pH依赖性,并在代表胃肠道的所有pH条件下确保非常令人满意的溶出度,以及因此确保令人满意的吸收,即使在胃肠道中有相当大的pH波动。通过使用喷雾冷凝技术(例如US 4 865 851中所记载)来制备匹莫苯的脂质包埋颗粒。喷雾冷凝(也称作喷雾冷却)是用于制备微粒或者更具体而言,微球的方法之一。这些是大小在微米范围内的固体、近似球形的颗粒,其中药物均匀地分布在所述颗粒的整个体积中。包埋的颗粒在代表目标动物的胃肠道的各pH下表现出匹莫苯由口服制剂的快速和大量的溶出,这确保独立于高度变化的pH条件,药物的足够的吸收。对于制备所述脂质包埋的颗粒详细描述的喷雾冷凝技术是快速的、容易扩大规模和低花费的。由于在配制和制备过程中不需要溶剂,其是环境友好的。使用脂质包埋的颗粒,可以配制适口的口服匹莫苯制剂,其在不包含任意酸性化合物下,于代表胃肠道环境的所有pH条件下快速且大量地溶解。
在一个方面中,本发明的目的令人惊奇地通过提供组合物解决,所述组合物包含用载体基质包衣的颗粒形式的匹莫苯,其中所述载体基质基本上由选自下组中的一种或多种药学上可接受的载体组成:
(a)聚乙二醇化甘油酯,
(b)聚乙二醇(PEG)。
在另一方面中,本发明的目的令人惊奇地通过提供组合物解决,所述组合物包含用载体基质包衣的颗粒形式的匹莫苯,其中所述载体基质基本上由选自下组中的一种或多种药学上可接受的载体组成:
(a)聚乙二醇化甘油酯,
(b)聚乙二醇(PEG),
并且其中用所述载体基质包衣用于确保无论pH条件如何匹莫苯都快速和大量溶出。
在另一方面中,本发明的目的令人惊奇地通过提供用于制备如本文中所公开的组合物的方法来解决,所述方法包括:
(a)将颗粒状匹莫苯分散入熔化的载体基质,
(b)将在步骤(a)中获得的分散液雾化,以及
(c)冷却并收集所述包衣颗粒。
在另一方面中,本发明的目的令人惊奇地通过提供组合物来解决,所述组合物包含用载体基质包衣的颗粒形式的匹莫苯,其可通过用于制备如本文中所公开的组合物的方法来获得。
在另一方面中,本发明的目的令人惊奇地通过提供药物组合物来解决,所述药物组合物用于向温血动物(优选伴侣动物,特别是犬)口服给药,所述药物组合物包含兽医学上有效量的如本文中所描述的组合物、一种或多种生理学上可接受的赋形剂,以及任选存在的兽医学上有效量的一种或多种其它活性成分,其选自血管紧张素酶(ACE)抑制剂、醛固酮拮抗剂和/或袢利尿剂。
通过施用本发明的药物组合物,可在不同时给药大量有机酸或使用所述物质的不同的结晶形式(多晶型物)下,克服匹莫苯的低溶解度以及溶解度的高pH依赖性,这如通过在代表动物的胃肠道环境的各pH下活性化合物快速且大量的溶出所表明。基本上非pH依赖性溶出确保即使在受试个体的波动的pH条件下令人满意的吸收。
发明详述
在更详细地描述本发明的实施方案之前,应注意到如本文中和所附权利要求书中所使用,单数形式“a”、“an”和“the”包括复数形式,除非上下文另有明确说明。
除非另有说明,否则本文中使用的所有技术和科学术语均具有与本发明所属领域普通技术人员通常理解相同的含义。所有给出的范围和值均可改变1至5%,除非另有说明或本领域技术人员另外已知的,因此术语“约”通常从说明书和权利要求书中省略。尽管在本发明的实践和测试中可使用与本文中描述的那些相似或等同的任何方法和材料,但目前描述了优选的方法、装置和材料。本文中提及的所有出版物均援引加入本文,其用于描述且公开如出版物中报道的可以与本发明结合使用的物质、赋形剂、载体和方法学的目的。本文中没有任何内容应解释为承认由于在先发明的这样的公开,本发明不是居先的。
在一个方面中,本发明的目的令人惊奇地通过提供用于制备如本文中所公开的组合物的方法来解决,所述方法包括:
(a)将优选平均粒度小于20μm的颗粒状匹莫苯分散入熔化的载体基质,诸如聚乙二醇化甘油酯,优选硬脂酰聚乙二醇-32甘油酯,更优选Gelucire 50/13,和/或聚乙二醇,优选平均分子量为1500-20000g/mol的聚乙二醇,更优选平均分子量为4000-6000g/mol的聚乙二醇,最优选PEG 6000,其中所述载体基质的熔点优选为40℃-80℃,更优选50℃-70℃,所述分散通过使用常规的分散技术,例如使用高剪切混合器进行,以得到分散液,优选均匀的悬浮液;
(b)通过使用常规的雾化器将在步骤(a)中获得的分散液雾化,所述常规的雾化器诸如旋转雾化器、压力或气动喷嘴和/或音速喷嘴,优选装配入标准喷雾冷凝/冷却装置,更优选通过使用装配入标准喷雾冷凝/冷却装置中的双流体压力或气动喷嘴雾化系统,使用1-10巴,优选2-8巴,并且更优选3-6巴的雾化气体压力来进行所述雾化;以及
(c)通过常规的冷却和收集技术来冷却和收集所述包衣颗粒,例如通过优选在0℃-30℃的温度下,更优选在3℃-15℃的温度下,甚至更优选在5℃-15℃的温度下,最优选在4℃-8℃的温度下,向所述喷雾装置施加冷空气或惰性气体(例如干燥的氮气)的气流,并且收集所述颗粒,优选在旋流分离器中或在袋滤器中进行。
根据另一方面,本发明的目的令人惊奇地通过提供组合物来解决,所述组合物包含具有载体基质的完整包衣的匹莫苯颗粒,其中所述载体基质基本上由选自聚乙二醇化甘油酯和聚乙二醇的一种或多种药学上可接受的载体组成,并且其中来自所述组合物或相关药物形式的匹莫苯表现出在代表目标动物的胃肠道环境的所有pH条件下快速且广泛(快速且大量)的溶出。
根据另一方面,本发明提供用于伴侣动物(特别是犬)的口服给药的药物组合物,其包含匹莫苯在适合媒介物中的脂质包埋颗粒。
根据另一方面,本发明提供确保匹莫苯在代表目标动物的胃肠道的各pH条件下的可靠、快速和大量溶出的方法,其包括将匹莫苯用适合的载体包衣,以及将包埋的颗粒掺入口服制剂(例如片剂)中。
为了有效地克服匹莫苯溶解度的高pH依赖性并提供在代表犬的胃肠道的所有pH条件下表现出快速和大量溶出的包衣颗粒,包衣匹莫苯颗粒的平均粒径应优选小于50μm。
所述载体的熔点应足够高,以防止包衣颗粒在口中熔化,但是不能高至使得匹莫苯自身熔化和/或在包衣处理期间被化学降解。因此,用作本发明的载体基质的载体或载体的混合物的熔点会为40℃-80℃,并且优选50℃-70℃。
适合用于包衣匹莫苯的载体选自聚乙二醇化甘油酯和聚乙二醇。
聚乙二醇化甘油酯是脂肪酸的甘油酯和聚氧化乙烯与脂肪酸的酯的混合物。在这些混合物中,所述脂肪酸是饱和或不饱和的,并且所述甘油酯是单酸甘油酯、甘油二酯或甘油三酯或者其以任意比率的混合物。适合的聚乙二醇化甘油酯的实例包括但不限于月桂酰聚乙二醇甘油酯或者硬脂酰聚乙二醇甘油酯。
在组合物的特定组中,包含在所述载体基质中的聚乙二醇化甘油酯的亲水-亲油平衡值(HLB)为大于10。在组合物的另一特定组中,包含在所述载体基质中的聚乙二醇化甘油酯被分散在水中。在组合物的另一特定组中,所述聚乙二醇化甘油酯是硬脂酰聚乙二醇甘油酯。在组合物的另一特定组中,所述聚乙二醇化甘油酯是硬脂酰聚乙二醇-32甘油酯(例如Gelucire 50/13)。硬脂酰聚乙二醇-32甘油酯在室温下是半固体/固体,熔点为50℃。
聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol)USP(PEG)(或者称作聚乙二醇(macrogol))是氧化乙烯的亲水聚合物。平均分子量大于900g/mol的PEG在环境温度下通常是半固体或固体。本发明中PEG的适合的平均分子量为1500-20000g/mol。适合的市售可得产品包括但不限于PEG 1500、PEG 4000和PEG 6000。在组合物的特定组中,存在于所述载体基质中的PEG的平均分子量为4000-6000g/mol。在该实施方案的制剂的另一特定组中,该PEG的平均分子量为大约6000g/mol。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,用于匹莫苯的包衣的载体基质由选自聚乙二醇化甘油酯和聚乙二醇的一种或多种药学上可接受的载体组成。
在本发明的另一实施方案中,所述载体基质是聚乙二醇化甘油酯。方便地,所述聚乙二醇化甘油酯是月桂酰聚乙二醇甘油酯或者硬脂酰聚乙二醇甘油酯,特别是硬脂酰聚乙二醇-32甘油酯。
在本发明的另一实施方案中,所述载体基质是聚乙二醇,特别是PEG 6000。
在本发明的另一实施方案中,所述载体基质包含至少一种聚乙二醇化甘油酯和至少一种聚乙二醇的混合物。方便地,存在于该实施方案中的聚乙二醇化甘油酯是硬脂酰聚乙二醇-32甘油酯,并且适合地所述硬脂酰聚乙二醇-32甘油酯以占所述组合物的载体基质组分的10-100重量%的量存在,并且优选代表所述组合物的载体基质组分的20-50重量%。方便地,存在于该实施方案中的聚乙二醇的平均分子量为4000-6000g/mol,并且适合地所述PEG以占所述组合物的载体基质组分的10-100重量%的量存在,并且优选地为所述组合物的载体基质组分的30-80重量%。优选地,在该实施方案中仅存在一种聚乙二醇化甘油酯和一种聚乙二醇。
在该实施方案的制剂的特定组中,该聚乙二醇化甘油酯属于硬脂酰聚乙二醇-32甘油酯,并且PEG的平均分子量为6000g/mol。优选地,所述硬脂酰聚乙二醇-32甘油酯和所述聚乙二醇6000相互独立地以占所述组合物的载体基质组分的10重量%至100重量%,优选所述组合物的载体基质组分的20重量%至75重量%,更优选所述组合物的载体基质组分的20重量%至50重量%的量存在。
基于重量/重量(w/w),本发明的脂质包衣颗粒会包含1-80%,优选5-30%,更优选10-20%匹莫苯。
本发明的脂质包衣颗粒的特征在于粒度分布的中位(D50)值通常小于500μm,优选小于300μm,更优选小于250μm,甚至更优选小于200μm。粒度控制对于确保在代表目标动物的胃肠道的所有pH条件下,匹莫苯由随后配制的产品的溶出会是快速且大量的而言是必须的。在该方面,D50值小于200μm的包衣颗粒是优选的。D50值表示在给定的粒度分布中的中值粒度,即所有颗粒的50%小于其的粒度值。例如200μm的D50值意指所有颗粒的50%的粒度小于200μm。
本发明的脂质包衣颗粒可通过将匹莫苯的分散液在熔化的载体基质中雾化并将由此获得的颗粒冷却来制备,并且这样的方法构成本发明的另一特征。所述分散液可通过将颗粒状匹莫苯加入至熔化的载体或载体的混合物,或者作为另外的选择,将所述分散液的成分以固态混合并熔化载体基质来制备。可使用常规技术(例如使用高剪切混合器)来将颗粒状匹莫苯分散在熔化的载体基质中。通常,所述熔化的载体基质的温度应高于其熔点20-40℃。通常,用于匹莫苯颗粒的包衣的载体或载体的混合物的熔点应为40-80℃,优选50-70℃,并且所述熔化的载体基质的温度会高于其熔点20-40℃。可应用的雾化技术包括使用常规雾化器(诸如旋转雾化器、压力喷嘴和音速喷嘴)。使用装配在标准喷雾冷凝/冷却装置中的双流体喷嘴雾化器是特别方便的。
在雾化处理中,通常会将熔化的分散液在70℃-100℃,优选75℃-95℃,更优选75℃-90℃的温度下提供至雾化器头,精确的温度取决于所使用的具体载体基质。提供至喷嘴的雾化气体可为空气或惰性气体,诸如氮气。雾化气体的压力为1-10巴,优选为2-8巴,并且更优选为3-6巴。期望控制雾化压力以制备优选大小的颗粒。
可将包衣颗粒固化并通过常规技术收集。可在0℃-30℃,优选3℃-15℃,更优选5℃-15℃,最优选4℃-8℃的温度下向喷雾室施加冷空气或干燥氮气的气流来将包衣颗粒方便地固化。将脂质包衣颗粒使用旋流分离器或袋滤器以自由流动的粉末的形式收集。所述包衣颗粒形状为球形,并且D50值小于500μm,优选小于300μm,更优选小于250μm,并且甚至更优选小于200μm。
可将本发明的脂质包衣颗粒掺入用于口服给药的药物组合物中,所述药物组合物使用其它药学活性成分和/或生理学上可接受的载体和/或赋形剂。
本发明的组合物可例如包括片剂、颗粒剂、散剂、混悬剂、口服糊剂和凝胶剂。包括咀嚼片剂的片剂代表特别优选的剂型。
因此,在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及口服匹莫苯制剂(优选为片剂),其包含:
-兽医学上有效量的匹莫苯作为脂质包衣颗粒形式中的活性物质,和
-生理学上可接受的赋形剂。
基于整个制剂,所述口服制剂中匹莫苯的量优选为0.01重量%至10重量%,更优选0.5重量%至1.0重量%。
本发明的口服匹莫苯制剂还可包含兽医学上有效量的其它活性成分,其可选自血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂、醛固酮拮抗剂和/或袢利尿剂。可与本发明的脂质包衣匹莫苯颗粒组合使用的活性剂的非限制性实例为:贝那普利(CAS No.86541-75-5)、螺内酯(CASNo.52-01-7)和/或呋塞米(CAS No.54-31-9),其全部且相互独立地为游离形式或生理学上可接受的盐的形式,优选将其包埋入(脂质)载体基质。即,也可将其它活性物质加入通过使用喷雾冷凝技术制备的脂质包埋颗粒形式的口服匹莫苯制剂(即用(脂质)载体基质包衣的颗粒)。优选地,本发明的口服匹莫苯制剂还包含兽医学上有效量的贝那普利,其为游离形式或者生理学上可接受的盐的形式,优选将其包埋入载体基质。基于所述制剂/组合物的总重量,所述其它活性物质可以0.01-50重量%,优选0.1-20重量%存在于本发明的口服制剂中。
可使用常规药学上可接受的赋形剂配制所述口服匹莫苯组合物。因此,例如可通过使用粘合剂(例如预胶化淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷或羟丙基甲基纤维素)、填充剂(例如乳糖、微晶纤维素或磷酸氢钙)、润滑剂(例如硬脂酸镁、滑石粉或胶体二氧化硅)、崩解剂(例如淀粉或淀粉羟乙酸钠)或湿润剂(例如月桂基硫酸钠)来制备片剂。此外,本发明的片剂制剂包含一种或多种吸引的、生理学上可接受的天然或合成的调味剂。优选的调味剂是人造牛肉调味剂、肝粉末或啤酒酵母。基于所述制剂/组合物的总重量,所述调味剂优选以1.0-60重量%,更优选5.0-30重量%存在于本发明的片剂制剂中。
本发明的口服糊剂或凝胶制剂可包含药学上可接受的赋形剂,例如增稠剂(例如黄原胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚丙烯酸酯(如卡波姆)、玉米淀粉、微晶纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、二氧化硅或其组合)、保湿剂(例如甘油)、防腐剂(例如苯甲醇、苯甲酸、苯甲酸酯或对羟基苯甲酸酯)、pH调节剂(碱或酸)、粘合剂、填充剂、表面活性剂或分散剂。所述生理学上可接受的赋形剂是兽医学制剂技术领域的技术人员已知的。本发明的口服糊剂和凝胶制剂还包含兽医学上可接受的吸引调味剂。在本发明的组合物中适合的调味剂是例如人造牛肉调味剂、食物提取物(诸如干燥的肝或麦芽提取物)以及蜂蜜调味剂。
本发明的药物组合物可根据制药工业中公知的常规技术制备。因此,例如可通过将脂质包衣的匹莫苯颗粒与赋形剂以及任选地与其它活性物质的干燥混合物直接压缩或者通过湿法制粒来制备。口服糊剂或者凝胶制剂可通过将匹莫苯的脂质包衣颗粒和任选存在的其它活性成分在适合的媒介物中分散来获得。
如果期望,根据本发明使用的组合物可以存在于包装或分配器装置(其可包含一个或多个单位剂量)中。例如,所述包装可包含金属或塑料箔材,例如塑料定型包装。
本发明的制剂适合用于伴侣动物(特别是犬)中源自瓣膜关闭不全或扩张型心肌病的充血性心力衰竭的治疗。
功效基于令人满意的溶出和随后活性物质的吸收。对在pH 1.2、4.5和7.5缓冲液(即代表伴侣动物的胃肠道的不同部分/环境的pH条件)下,由本发明的片剂制剂获得的溶出曲线和由市售可得的片剂(所述两种片剂均包含5mg匹莫苯)获得的溶出曲线进行比较。通过验证的UHPLC方法测定匹莫苯溶解的浓度。
本发明的口服制剂表现出的高适口性意味着温血动物(例如伴侣动物,特别是犬)对制剂的主动接受或摄取。本发明的包含脂质包衣匹莫苯颗粒以及适合的其它成分的口服制剂的接受性在犬上测试。
附图简述
图1:根据本发明实施例3制备的包含5mg匹莫苯的片剂制剂和市售可得的咀嚼片剂分别在高酸性pH区域(pH 1.2)的比较溶出曲线。测试条件:V=1000ml,转速=100rpm,色谱条件:Agilent Infinity 1290UHPLC,RP18,50x3.0 mm,1.7μm柱,27:73v/v%乙腈:磷酸盐缓冲液作为流动相,0.4ml/min流速,290nm检测波长。
图2:根据本发明实施例3制备的包含5mg匹莫苯的片剂制剂和市售可得的咀嚼片剂分别在中等酸性pH区域(pH 4.5)的比较溶出曲线。测试条件与对于图1的相同。
图3:根据本发明实施例3制备的包含5mg匹莫苯的片剂制剂和市售可得的咀嚼片剂分别在中性酸性pH区域(pH 7.5)的比较溶出曲线。测试条件与对于图1的相同。
实施例
以下实施例用于进一步说明本发明;但是不应将其解释为本文中公开的本发明的范围的限制。
实施例1-匹莫苯的脂质包衣
将Gelucire 50/13(18.0kg)在不锈钢容器中熔化,并将温度升高至85℃。将平均粒度<20μm的匹莫苯(2.0kg)加入至熔化的脂质。将熔化的分散液用高剪切混合器混合,以得到均匀的悬浮液,并泵抽至喷雾冷凝装置。将混合物使用双流体喷嘴雾化系统在3-6巴的雾化气体压力下雾化。将雾化的微滴使用送入喷雾室的空气在5-10℃的温度下冷却,并将固体颗粒在旋流分离器中收集。脂质包衣匹莫苯包含平均粒度为90μm的球形颗粒。
实施例2-匹莫苯的脂质包衣
将Gelucire 50/13(4.5kg)和PEG 6000(13.5kg)在不锈钢容器中熔化,同时将温度升高至90℃。向其加入粒度<20μm的匹莫苯(2kg)。将熔化的分散液进行高剪切混合,以得到均匀的悬浮液,并将该混合物如实施例1中所述喷雾冷却,以得到相似粒度和形状的脂质包衣产物。例如,制备D50值分别为118μm、136μm和166μm的三个不同的批次。
实施例3-片剂制剂
将包埋入含有Gelucire 50/13和PEG 6000的载体基质的匹莫苯与猪肝调味剂、酵母粉和其它赋形剂在旋转捣碎器中混合。将所得的混合物使用适合的压片机和适合的冲压机压缩为片剂。
实施例4-片剂制剂
将用Gelucire 50/13包衣的匹莫苯、呋塞米和赋形剂在旋转混合器中混合,然后将混合物使用适合的压片机和适合的冲压机压缩为片剂。
实施例5-片剂制剂
将根据实施例2制备的匹莫苯的脂质包埋的颗粒与脂质包衣的贝那普利混合,将其颗粒在旋转捣碎器中包埋入含有二硬脂酸甘油酯、酵母粉、合成的肝芳香剂和其它赋形剂的载体基质,然后将所得的混合物使用适合的压片机压制为片剂。
实施例6-体外溶出
匹莫苯的吸收高度依赖于在代表胃肠道的不同pH条件下活性物质的溶出度。在代表胃肠道的不同pH条件下,对根据本发明的实施例3制备的片剂和市售可得的咀嚼片剂(所述两种片剂均包含5mg活性物质)的匹莫苯的溶出曲线进行比较。结果呈现在图1-3中。如从这些数据可见,在各测试的pH下,来自根据本发明制备的片剂制剂的匹莫苯的溶出度是快速和大量的。在pH 1.2下,本发明的制剂和市售可得的咀嚼片剂的溶出的速度和程度是基本上相同的。然而,在pH 4.5和7.5下,本发明的片剂制剂的活性物质的溶出比参比产品更快和更广泛。这些结果明显表明,在代表胃肠道的所有条件下,即使其中有非常大的pH波动,在不包含任何有机羧酸(其在市售可得的产品中大量存在)下,根据本发明制备的片剂制剂确保非常令人满意匹莫苯的溶出。
实施例7-体外溶出
在pH 1.2、4.5和7.5的缓冲液中,将来自根据实施例5制备且包含2.5mg匹莫苯和5mg贝那普利的片剂的匹莫苯和贝那普利的溶出曲线与市售可得的咀嚼片剂对比。由本研究获得的结果表明来自包含脂质包埋形式的活性物质的制剂的匹莫苯和贝那普利的溶出比来自仅包含一种活性物质(即匹莫苯或贝那普利)的相应市售制剂更慢,在代表犬的胃肠道的各pH条件下,来自组合的溶出45分钟时两种活性化合物的溶出度比来自市售单制剂的更高。
Pimo=匹莫苯;Bena=贝那普利
Pimo=匹莫苯;Bena=贝那普利
Pimo=匹莫苯;Bena=贝那普利
实施例8-适口性(可接受性)测试
在栖息环境下测试不同品种和年龄的30只雄性和雌性犬。测试人员向各个犬提供单次每日剂量的根据本发明的实施例3制备的片剂制剂(使其适应动物的体重),持续3天。在本发明的片剂制剂的情况中,首先将片剂通过手提供,持续30秒。如果犬不服用制剂,则将其在犬的空碗中向其提供。犬有另外30秒来服用所述片剂。如果上述提及的提供之一导致犬愿意食用所述片剂,则将这评价为接受或主动摄取所述片剂。如果犬吐出所述片剂,则将其报告为不接受。在90个可能的机会(即当向30只动物提供持续3天)的82个中观察到主动摄取。这相当于91.1%的接受率。
参考
1.EP 0 008 391
2.EP 0 439 030
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Claims (10)
1.组合物,其包含匹莫苯和载体基质,其中所述匹莫苯为分散在所述载体基质中且被载体基质包埋的颗粒形式,且所述载体基质不包含有机羧酸,其中所述载体基质为聚乙二醇,其中所述聚乙二醇为平均分子量为4000-6000g/mol的聚乙二醇。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述平均分子量为4000-6000g/mol的聚乙二醇独立地以占所述组合物的载体基质组分的10重量%至100重量%的量,优选20重量%至75重量%的量,优选20重量%至50重量%的量存在。
3.权利要求1或2的组合物,其中所述聚乙二醇的平均分子量为4000g/mol,或者所述聚乙二醇的平均分子量为6000g/mol。
4.权利要求1-3中任一项的组合物,其中所述用载体基质包埋的颗粒形式的匹莫苯的中值粒度分布值为小于500μm,优选小于300μm,优选小于250μm,优选小于200μm;并且其中所述包埋颗粒形状为球形。
5.权利要求1-4中任一项的组合物,其中所述用载体基质包埋的颗粒形式的匹莫苯含量为1重量%至80重量%,优选5重量%至30重量%,优选10重量%至20重量%。
6.用于制备权利要求1-5中任一项的组合物的方法,其包括:
(a)将颗粒状匹莫苯分散入熔化的载体基质,
(b)将在步骤(a)中获得的分散液雾化,以及
(c)冷却并收集所述包埋颗粒。
7.权利要求6的方法,其包括:
(a)将所述颗粒状匹莫苯分散入熔化的载体基质,以得到分散液;
(b)通过使用雾化器将在步骤(a)中获得的所述分散液雾化;以及
(c)通过冷却和收集技术来冷却和收集所述包埋颗粒,并且收集所述颗粒。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中所述载体基质为聚乙二醇,其中所述聚乙二醇为平均分子量为4000-6000g/mol的聚乙二醇。
9.组合物,其包含用载体基质包埋且分散在所述载体基质中的颗粒形式的匹莫苯,其通过权利要求6-8中任一项的方法获得。
10.药物组合物,其用于向温血动物口服给药,所述药物组合物包含兽医学上有效量的权利要求1-5中任一项的组合物、一种或多种生理学上可接受的赋形剂,以及任选存在的兽医学上有效量的一种或多种选自血管紧张素酶抑制剂、醛固酮拮抗剂和/或袢利尿剂的其它活性成分。
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