CN110432064A - A method of improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit - Google Patents
A method of improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110432064A CN110432064A CN201910844185.7A CN201910844185A CN110432064A CN 110432064 A CN110432064 A CN 110432064A CN 201910844185 A CN201910844185 A CN 201910844185A CN 110432064 A CN110432064 A CN 110432064A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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Abstract
The present invention relates to apocarya planting technology fields, specifically provide a kind of method for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, comprising the following steps: (1) field selects: selection soil pH value is between 7-8, and soil thickness is at 1 meter or more；(2) variety selection；(3) soil remediation and site preparation: weedtree, weeds in field are removed, and according to field condition site preparation；(4) be colonized: the seeding row spacing of apocarya is (4-8) rice × (8-12) rice, digs planting pit according to seeding row spacing, and sowing rape seed amount in orchard is 0.25-1.0kg per acre；(5) water and fertilizer management: planting pit bottom applies enough organic fertilizer or farmyard manure before apocarya is planted, and rape imposes base fertilizer when ploughing deeply rotary tillage；Apocarya and rape are poured according to weather and soil moisture situation；(7) covering is cradled.The benefit that apocarya orchard early stage is improved by interplanting rape, increases the income of plant personnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to apocarya planting technology fields, more particularly to a kind of raising apocarya orchard early stage
The method of benefit.
Background technique
Apocarya [Carya illinoensis (Wangech.) K. Koch] also known as pecan, U.S. mountain
Walnut is Juglandaceae (Julandaceae) hickory (Carya Nutt) plant.The U.S. is originated in, is had become global
Famous dry fruit.Shell is thin, and kernel-containing rate reaches 50% or more, and 70% or more kernel oil content, 90% or more unsaturated fatty acid, is very
Potential traditional oil tree has very high economic value.Since 20th century, a country more than 20 has been shared in the world and has introduced a fine variety kind
Plant apocarya.According to incompletely statistics, 12.4 ten thousand tons of world's apocarya total output (decladding), 18.47 hundred million dollars of the output value,
It is mainly distributed on, Mexico, South Africa, Australia, accounts for 99% or more total output.Rapidly, tree body is tall and big for apocarya growth,
It is thick with leaves, it is excellent Garden virescence and ornamental tree species that tree performance is graceful.Therefore, apocarya be one it is widely used, by
Beneficial phase length, high financial profit, social benefit and the significantly excellent economic tree of ecological benefits.
However, apocarya juvenile stage is longer, Seedling propagation needs about ten Nian Caineng as a result, generating income, even
Grafting also will after 4-5 fruiting, cause the idle waste in soil, grower cannot receive in apocarya juvenile stage
Benefit, will also put into certain manpower, financial resources foster young age thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, this makes grower in apocarya young age
Phase economic pressures are big, this is also the main reason for groups of people hang back to apocarya.Therefore, it is urgent to provide a kind of raisings
The method of apocarya orchard early stage benefit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of method for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, solve existing thin
The low problem of shell hickory nut orchard early income.The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of raising apocarya orchard
The method of early stage benefit, this method are interplanted rape by the apocarya young garden phase to improve benefit, are specifically included following
Step:
(1) field selects: field location annual rainfall 950-1450mm, and 15-19.6 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, daily mean temperature
The summation of >=10 DEG C of period temperature is 4800-6500 DEG C, frost-free period 217-325 days, selects soil pH value between 7-8, soil layer
Thickness is in 1 meter or more, illumination abundance, the good plot of irrigation and drainage, and plot will be close to water source or with irrigation conditions, soil fertilizer
It is fertile；
(2) variety selection: the ratio of the pollinated variety tree of apocarya and main breed tree is 1:(6-9)；Rape variety
Choose then according to depending on the height above sea level of field location, 600 meters of height above sea level or less selection wild cabbage shape rapes, 600 meters of height above sea level or more select it is white
Dish type rape；
(3) soil remediation and site preparation: weedtree, weeds in removing field, application 3% phoxim particle elimination subterranean pest-insect, and according to
Field condition site preparation, to land smoothing, is ploughed deeply；The depth of apocarya growing area soil deep tillage should reach 60-80 centimetres；8
Month the middle ten days and the last ten days ploughs deeply rape seed growing area soil, the depth of soil deep tillage reach 27-35 centimetres and it is whole carefully rake, bedding,
The wide 1.5-2.0m of furrow, furrow ditch depth 26-30cm, furrow width 40-50cm, and drainage trenching；
(4) be colonized: the seeding row spacing of apocarya is (4-8) rice × (8-12) rice, digs planting pit according to seeding row spacing, uses topsoil
Depth needed for being backfilled to root system plant simultaneously plants nursery stock, and resident time is by the end of November to by the end of March；September part sows rape, per acre
It is 0.25-1.0kg that rape seed amount is sowed in orchard, harrows a kind of farm tools after planting to cover seed；
(5) water and fertilizer management: planting pit bottom applies enough organic fertilizer or farmyard manure before apocarya is planted, and Seedling Stage is annual
Fertilising 3-4 times, spray in conjunction with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control 0.25% zinc sulfate；According to weather and soil moisture situation to shell mountain
Walnut is poured, and is poured by way of flood irrigation or trickle irrigation weekly after the Beginning of summer once, every every time to set the 40kg that pours water；Rape exists
The calcium superphosphate for imposing 4.0-5.5kg before ploughing deeply per acre makees base fertilizer, with broadcasting after 0.8-1.3kg urea and seed mixing when sowing
Kind, urea 6-10kg is imposed per acre in conjunction with pouring water when rape grows 5-6 leaf；
(6) cradle covering: yellow in loquat to 95% silique color, ground proximity is to rape when the seed in 90% silique is in dark brown
Cauline leaf cradles, and the rape cauline leaf after cradling tedded in field, threshing, processes in time to rapeseed obtained by threshing
Processing, and the cauline leaf after threshing is resigned from office and return home.
Preferably, the kind of apocarya is using a kind of excellent variety as main breed, and configures 3-4 pollination in proportion
Kind companion planting.
Preferably, Ma Han, Weston, Xiao Xiaoni, wave Buddhist nun, Jinhua 1 be can be selected from China southeastern coastal areas；In Yunnan
It is chosen when being planted Deng the relatively arid area in western part and blocks one of more, Xiao Xiaoni, Qi Kete；The optional card taking in north
One of more, Wichita；Pollinated variety choose wave Buddhist nun, in Winston one or both of as male flower first ripe type pollination
Kind, one or both of Yi Mahan, Bo Xi, Xiao Xiaoni are female flower first ripe type pollinated variety.
Preferably, the length of planting pit is having a size of (75cm-110cm) × (75cm-110cm) × 80cm, planting pit
The weight of bottom fertilising is 20-30kg, is applied in two times, in one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil filling planting pit, is slightly trampled subsequent
It is continuous to apply one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil, then topsoil, cubsoil and 1kg calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed in filling planting pit, finally put
Enter thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, righting bankets and mentions seedling, having peace of mind, then bankets to sapling base neck original soil trace；After field planting, it is fixed to be watered with
Root water and cover loosen the soil.
Preferably, the sapling of the apocarya main breed is grafting, the growth that grafting selects 2-3 raw
Healthy and strong seedling is stock and engrafting and cultivating 1 year；Apocarya needs tillage and weeding 4-5 times, 2 meters of ranges of nursery stock every year
The manual uprooting weed of interior selection；
Preferably, rape and thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling keep at a distance from 0.7-1.0m, and first after the field planting of thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling
The planting proportion of year and second year rape accounts for the 73-80% of the field gross area, and the planting proportion of rape accounts for the total face in field after third year
Long-pending 58-68%.
Preferably, rape carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, which includes that plantation is preceding, carries out at medicament rape seed
It manages and to rape spraying pesticide, the method for institute's spraying pesticide is that 20% dimethachlon, gram bacterium spirit, imidacloprid is selected to mix with virus A
One of object pesticide is in strict accordance with Xiang Huaduo after dose dilution or blade face low level directed spraying.
Preferably, it is that 4kg rape seed is immersed in 8-10kg seed treatment that the rape seed, which carries out chemicals treatment,
Dried after 1.5h in agent, seed treatment it is specific the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight by 18-27 parts of imidacloprid, polyoxyethylene rouge
It is 3-5 parts of fat acid, 3-7 parts of acrylate synthetic polymer, 0.02-0.06 parts of xanthan gum, 0.02-0.06 parts of sodium alginate, aqueous
20-40 parts of 0.5-1.5 parts of rhodo agent, 0.3-0.8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 70% sharp 1 part of dissipating property of victory pulvis, water addition high speed shears
It is stirred 15-20 minutes in machine, then adds mixture to dispersion stirring 20 minutes in ultrasonic dispersing machine.
Preferably, the annual fertilizing method of thin shell mountain pecan peach are as follows: 3-4 month, every plant of tree applied 100-150g quick-acting nitrogen
Fertilizer is selected from ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and urea；Mid or late May, every plant of tree applied 100g quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, 50g phosphorus potash fertilizer；In August
Ten days, every plant of tree applied 100g urea, 100g phosphorus potash fertilizer；It is compound that autumn applies phosphorus potassium using bar ditch method or circular groove method after tree fallen leaves
Fertilizer and organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer applied should be through concentrating pile fermentation decomposed, and every plant of tree applies phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer 1000-1500g,
Decomposed organic fertilizer 10-15g.
Preferably, the mode that the cauline leaf after threshing is resigned from office and return home are as follows: the cauline leaf after threshing is covered on orchard ground, uses rotary tillage
Machine buries cauline leaf rotary tillage, and rotary tillage depth is 10-20cm, and turns over tight.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: vacant lot area is big, native between the early stage strain of apocarya orchard
Earth bare area is big, and especially winter evaporation is big, and evaporation of soil water is serious, by interplanting rape, reduces water and soil stream
It loses, effectively inhibits the growth of weeds in orchard, the field management of rape is simple and easy, reduce the workload of grower, and plant
Sub- source is wide, price is low, small investment, effectively increases the benefit of orchard early implantation person.Rape being capable of mine in activating soil
States of matter phosphorus element improves the physical behavior of soil, improves the content of soil with organic matter, so that nutrition is supplied for apocarya,
Improve the yield of fruit tree.In addition, rape can attract a large amount of honeybee during blooming, on the one hand honeybee facilitates awarding for fruit tree
Powder, another aspect grower can improve income by the cultivation of honeybee.Orchard area is generally large, when large stretch of rape is bloomed
Beautiful scenery can attract large quantities of tourists to come to go sightseeing, and can also drive the income in orchard by going sightseeing.By interplanting rape, solution
The zero poor benefit problem taken in and need to constantly put into several years, is solved by raising short-long after the field planting of thin shell mountain pecan of having determined peach
Bankroll problem improves apocarya orchard benefit；To plough for soil fertility is improved in a manner of comforting, promote thin shell mountain pecan peach early
Day fruiting improves income.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.Following embodiment is only used for more
Add and clearly demonstrate technical solution of the present invention, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
A method of apocarya orchard early stage benefit being improved, this method is covered by the apocarya young garden phase
Rape is planted to improve benefit, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) field selects: field location annual rainfall 950-1450mm, and 15-19.6 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, daily mean temperature
The summation of >=10 DEG C of period temperature is 4800-6500 DEG C, frost-free period 217-325 days.The selection in field is that weather and soil etc. are permitted
Complexity body composed by more external environmental conditions, the selection in field is most important, same kind, under the conditions of different fields,
It is different to grow fine or not yield height.Apocarya is located at 25 ° ~ 35 ° of north latitude, 100 ° ~ 122 ° of east longitude in the main adaptation area of China
Between Subtropical Zone of East and the Yangtze river basin, including Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Chongqing, Anhui is whole, Jiangxi, Hunan, lake
Portion, Beijing University and Northeastern Guizhou, STRUCTURES IN EAST SICHUAN and southern areas, the area Yangtze river basin, two lake regions and Sichuan Basin warmer climate are wet
Profit, makes a clear distinction between the four seasons at fertile soil, 1-1.6 DEG C of monthly mean temperature ~ 7.6 DEG C, and 7 monthly mean temperatures are 30.0 DEG C ~ 35.8 DEG C, extremely
The lowest temperature is -20.6 DEG C ~ -1.2 DEG C, is suitable for the plantation of apocarya.Vast knob is suitable for the development of agriculture and forestry, is
China introduces a fine variety main region and the maximum region of future development potentiality of apocarya in the past, practices also it has been proved that In
These region introduction effects are good, grow solid normal.And on same geographical location, the case where soil, also will affect thin shell mountain pecan
The growth of peach, apocarya are suitable for selecting soil pH value between 7-8, and soil thickness is in 1 meter or more, illumination abundance, irrigation and drainage
Good plot, red soil, sandy soil geology are not suitable for apocarya growth, it is necessary to carry out soil and organise improvement, can just plant.
Apocarya is fine in water ravine or pond side growth result, but in impeded drainage, aeration difference or waterlogged
Square undergrowth is also not suitable for planting.Arid, barren, soil layer is shallow, the soil of poor water retention property should not generally plant shell mountain
Walnut, it may appear that undergrowth, low output and inferior problem.Therefore, plantation will be close to water source or with irrigation conditions
And the place of fertile soil is preferably.
(2) variety selection: the ratio of the pollinated variety tree of apocarya and main breed tree is 1:(6-9)；Hickory nut
Cultivar up to 1000 or more, kind about 50 of commercial crop are used in source area, China to be exerted by last 100 years
Power has introduced good strains of seeds more than 60, and choiceness more than 40, superior families more than 20.In addition, by a nearly century
Cultivation breeding, China has obtained excellent variety and choiceness 100 or so.Apocarya variety type is numerous, originates in
Ground ecological environment is different, and the ecological requirements of each kind have certain difference again, and there is also differences for cultivation adaptability.Therefore, people
Correct kind should be selected according to local climate condition, this is the key link of introducing and planting, and obtains the weight of economic benefit
Want premise.Since apocarya is the different ripe tree species of male and female flowering, thus require female flower can award the phase and the male flower loose powder phase meet with
Guarantee good pollination Fertilization effect, therefore the configuration of pollinizers just becomes crucial.In pollinizers configuration, in addition to considering the florescence
Outside factor, it is also contemplated that the factors such as kind quantity, yield and fructescence.The kind of apocarya is with a kind of excellent variety
For main breed, and 3-4 pollinated variety companion planting is configured in proportion.China southeastern coastal areas can be selected from Ma Han, Weston,
Xiao Xiaoni, wave Buddhist nun, Jinhua 1；It chooses and blocks in more, Xiao Xiaoni, Qi Kete when relatively arid area plantation in the western part such as Yunnan
One kind；In north, optional card taking is more, one of Wichita；In in pollinated variety selection wave Buddhist nun, Winston
As male flower, first ripe type pollinated variety, one or both of Yi Mahan, Bo Xi, Xiao Xiaoni are female flower first ripe type to one or two
Pollinated variety.The sapling of apocarya main breed is grafting, the seedling for the robust growth that grafting selects 2-3 raw
For stock and engrafting and cultivating 1 year.
Then according to depending on the height above sea level of field location, 600 meters of height above sea level or less selection wild cabbage shape rapes are extra large for the selection of rape variety
It pulls out 600 meters or more and selects turnip type rape, turnip type rape winter resistance is more excellent, and the rape of planted in fall is required to have
The higher area of certain winter resistance, especially height above sea level.
(3) soil remediation and site preparation: removing weedtree, weeds in field, and 3% phoxim particle of application eliminates subterranean pest-insect, and
According to field condition site preparation, to land smoothing, plough deeply；The depth of apocarya growing area soil deep tillage should reach 60-80 lis
Rice；Mid or late August ploughs deeply rape seed growing area soil, the depth ploughed deeply reach 27-35 centimetres and it is whole carefully rake, bedding,
The wide 1.5-2.0m of furrow, furrow ditch depth 26-30cm, furrow width 40-50cm, and drainage trenching；
(4) be colonized: apocarya is as excessive in transplanted, and shading is unfavorable for plant growth, such as transplants sparse, influences apocarya
Yield.The seeding row spacing of apocarya is (4-8) rice × (8-12) rice, planting pit is dug according to seeding row spacing, with surface layer earthen backfill
To depth needed for root system plant and nursery stock is planted, resident time is by the end of November to by the end of March；The length of planting pit having a size of
The weight of (75cm-110cm) × (75cm-110cm) × 80cm, the fertilising of planting pit bottom are 20-30kg, are applied in two times, one
In one layer of topsoil filling planting pit of layer fertilizer, one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil is continued to after slightly trampling, then by topsoil, the heart
In soil and 1kg calcium magnesium phosphate mixing filling planting pit, it being finally putting into thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, righting bankets and mentions seedling, having peace of mind,
It is banketed to sapling base neck original soil trace again；After field planting, it is watered with root water and covers and loosen the soil.
Rape and thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling keep at a distance from 0.7-1.0m, and after the field planting of thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling First Year and
The planting proportion of second year rape accounts for the 73-80% of the field gross area, and the planting proportion of rape accounts for the field gross area after third year
58-68%.September part sows rape, and sowing rape seed amount in orchard is 0.25-1.0kg per acre, harrows a kind of farm tools after planting to cover seed.
(5) water and fertilizer management: planting pit bottom applies enough organic fertilizer or farmyard manure, Seedling Stage before apocarya is planted
Annual fertilising 3-4 times, spray in conjunction with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control 0.25% zinc sulfate；The specific fertilizing method of thin shell mountain pecan peach
Are as follows: 3-4 month, every plant of tree applied 100-150g quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, was selected from ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and urea；Every plant of mid or late May
Tree applies 100g quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, 50g phosphorus potash fertilizer；Early August, every plant of tree applied 100g urea, 100g phosphorus potash fertilizer；Autumn waits setting
Phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer and organic fertilizer are applied using bar ditch method or circular groove method after fallen leaves, the organic fertilizer applied should be through concentrating pile fermentation
Decomposed, every plant of tree applies phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer 1000-1500g, decomposed organic fertilizer 10-15g.According to weather and soil moisture situation
Apocarya is poured, is poured by way of flood irrigation or trickle irrigation weekly after the Beginning of summer once, every tree is poured water every time
40kg, apocarya need tillage and weeding 4-5 times every year, manual uprooting weed are chosen within the scope of 2 meters of nursery stock.
The calcium superphosphate that rape imposes 4.0-5.5kg per acre before ploughing deeply makees base fertilizer, when sowing with 0.8-1.3kg urea with
It is sowed after seed mixing, imposes urea 6-10kg per acre in conjunction with pouring water when rape grows 5-6 leaf；
(6) cradle covering: yellow in loquat to 95% silique color, ground proximity is to rape when the seed in 90% silique is in dark brown
Cauline leaf cradles, and the rape cauline leaf after cradling tedded in field, threshing, processes in time to rapeseed obtained by threshing
Processing, and the cauline leaf after threshing is resigned from office and return home, i.e., the cauline leaf after threshing is covered on orchard ground, with rotary cultivator by cauline leaf rotary tillage
It buries, rotary tillage depth is 10-20cm, and is turned over tight.
Rape need to carry out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control include before plantation to rape seed carry out chemicals treatment and
To rape spraying pesticide, the method for institute's spraying pesticide is to select in 20% dimethachlon, gram bacterium spirit, imidacloprid and virus A mixture
A kind of pesticide is in strict accordance with Xiang Huaduo after dose dilution or blade face low level directed spraying.Rape seed carry out chemicals treatment be by
4kg rape seed is immersed in 8-10kg seed treatment to be dried after 1.5h, and the specific of seed treatment weighs the preparation method comprises the following steps: pressing
Part is measured by 18-27 parts of imidacloprid, 3-5 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty acid, 3-7 parts of acrylate synthetic polymer, xanthan gum 0.02-
0.06 part, 0.02-0.06 parts of sodium alginate, 0.5-1.5 parts of aqueous rhodo agent, 0.3-0.8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 70% sharp victory can dissipate
Property 1 part of pulvis, stir 15-20 minutes in 20-40 parts of addition high-speed shearing machines of water, then add mixture to ultrasonic wave dispersion
Dispersion stirring 20 minutes in machine.
Vacant lot area is big between the early stage strain of apocarya orchard, soil bareness area is big, especially winter evaporation
Greatly, evaporation of soil water is serious, and by interplanting rape, covered ground degree is big, is conducive to save sleet, slows down the runoff of earth's surface
Occur, reduces soil erosion.After planting rape speed of emergence is very fast, and the speed of growth is also fast, can effectively inhibit weeds in orchard
Growth, and compared with the crop of other interplantings, the field management of rape is simple and easy, reduces the work of grower
Amount, and seed source is wide, price is low, small investment, effectively increases the benefit of orchard early implantation person.Rape passes through photosynthesis
It is carbohydrate by the carbon dioxide conversion in air, all gives back and bury, increase the content of the soil organism.Rape can
To be absorbed and utilized mineral state phosphorus element, root system not only nitrogen rich in, moreover it is possible to act on soil, energy by secreting organic acid
Reach the mineral state phosphorus element in activating soil, nitrogen, phosphorus element and potassium rich in the cauline leaf of rape, by turning over rape
It resigns from office and return home, the physical behavior of soil can be improved, improve the content of soil with organic matter, so that nutrition is supplied for apocarya,
Improve the yield of fruit tree.In addition, rape can attract a large amount of honeybee during blooming, on the one hand honeybee facilitates awarding for fruit tree
Powder, another aspect grower can improve income by the cultivation of honeybee.Orchard area is generally large, when large stretch of rape is bloomed
Beautiful scenery can attract large quantities of tourists to come to go sightseeing, and can also drive the income in orchard by going sightseeing.
By interplant rape, solve thin shell mountain pecan peach field planting after in several years zero income and need to constantly put into inefficient
Beneficial problem improves apocarya orchard benefit by raising short-long solution bankroll problem；Improve soil in such a way that cultivated generation comforts
Fertility promotes thin shell mountain pecan peach fruiting early, improves income.
Embodiment 1
A method of apocarya orchard early stage benefit being improved, this method passes through apocarya young garden phase interplanting oil
Dish is improved benefit, specifically includes the following steps: (1) field selects: field location annual rainfall 1106mm, annual gas
15 DEG C of temperature, the summation of daily mean temperature >=10 DEG C period temperature are 5068 DEG C, and frost-free period 237 days, selecting soil pH value was 7, soil
Thickness degree is in 1 meter or more, illumination abundance, the good plot of irrigation and drainage, and plot will be close to water source, fertile soil；
(2) variety selection: the ratio of the pollinated variety tree of apocarya and main breed tree is 1:6；Varieties of plant be Ma Han,
Wave Buddhist nun, Xiao Xiaoni, Winston, rape select wild cabbage shape rape；
(3) soil remediation and site preparation: removing weedtree, weeds in field, and 3% phoxim particle of application eliminates subterranean pest-insect, shell mountain
60 centimetres of walnut growing area soil deep tillage；Late August to 27 centimetres of rape seed growing area soil deep tillage and it is whole carefully rake, bedding, furrow
Wide 1.5m, furrow ditch depth 26cm, furrow width 40cm, and drainage trenching；
(4) be colonized: the seeding row spacing of apocarya is 4 meters × 12 meters, digs planting pit according to seeding row spacing by the end of November, planting pit
Length is having a size of 75cm × 75cm × 80cm, and apply fertilizer 20kg for planting pit bottom, applies in two times, one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil
It inserts in planting pit, one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil is continued to after slightly trampling, then by topsoil, cubsoil and 1kg calcium and magnesium phosphorus
In fertilizer mixing filling planting pit, it is finally putting into thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, the sapling of apocarya main breed is grafting, is transferred
It is stock and engrafting and cultivating 1 year that seedlings picking, which selects the seedling of 2 years raw robust growths, and righting bankets and mentions seedling, having peace of mind, then fills out
At soil to sapling base neck original soil trace；After field planting, it is watered with root water and covers and loosen the soil.September part sows rape, per acre orchard sowing oil
Dish grain weight is 0.25kg, harrows a kind of farm tools after planting to cover seed；Rape is kept at a distance from 0.7 with thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, and thin
The planting proportion of First Year and second year rape accounts for the 80% of the field gross area after the field planting of shell hickory nut sapling, rape after third year
Planting proportion account for the 68% of the field gross area.
(5) water and fertilizer management: planting pit bottom applies enough organic fertilizer or farmyard manure, Seedling Stage before apocarya is planted
Annual fertilising 4 times, April, every plant of tree applied 150g ammonium nitrate；Mid-May, every plant of tree applied 100g quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, 50g phosphorus potassium
Fertilizer；Early August, every plant of tree applied 100g urea, 100g phosphorus potash fertilizer；Autumn applies every plant of tree using circular groove method after tree fallen leaves
1000g phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer and decomposed organic fertilizer 15g, spray in conjunction with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control 0.25% zinc sulfate；According to weather
Apocarya is poured with soil moisture situation, is poured by way of flood irrigation or trickle irrigation weekly after the Beginning of summer once,
It is every every time to set the 40kg that pours water；The calcium superphosphate that rape imposes 5.5kg per acre before ploughing deeply makees base fertilizer, with 1.3kg urea when sowing
It is sowed with after seed mixing, imposes urea 10kg per acre in conjunction with pouring water when rape grows 6 leaf；
(6) cradle covering: yellow in loquat to 95% silique color, ground proximity is to rape when the seed in 90% silique is in dark brown
Cauline leaf cradles, and the rape cauline leaf after cradling tedded in field, threshing, processes in time to rapeseed obtained by threshing
Processing, and the cauline leaf after threshing is resigned from office and return home, i.e., the cauline leaf after threshing is covered on orchard ground, with rotary cultivator by cauline leaf rotary tillage
It buries, rotary tillage depth is 10cm, and is turned over tight.
Apocarya needs to choose manual uprooting weed within the scope of tillage and weeding 4 times, 2 meters of nursery stock every year；
Rape carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, which includes that plantation is preceding, carries out chemicals treatment to rape seed and to rape
Flower low level directed spraying sprays 20% dimethachlon diluent, and it is to be immersed in 4kg rape seed that rape seed, which carries out chemicals treatment,
It is dried after 1.5h in 8kg seed treatment, seed treatment specific is the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight by 18 parts of imidacloprid, poly-
5 parts of ethylene oxide fatty acid, 3 parts of acrylate synthetic polymer, 0.06 part of xanthan gum, 0.02 part of sodium alginate, aqueous rhodo agent
0.5 part, 0.8 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 70% sharp 1 part of dissipating property of victory pulvis, stir 15 minutes in 40 parts of addition high-speed shearing machines of water, so
After add mixture in ultrasonic dispersing machine dispersion stirring 20 minutes.
Embodiment 2
A method of apocarya orchard early stage benefit being improved, this method passes through apocarya young garden phase interplanting oil
Dish is improved benefit, specifically includes the following steps: (1) field selects: field location annual rainfall 1450mm, annual gas
18.6 DEG C of temperature, the summation of daily mean temperature >=10 DEG C period temperature are 5987.8 DEG C, frost-free period 286 days, select soil pH value for
8, soil thickness is in 1 meter or more, illumination abundance, the good plot of irrigation and drainage, and plot will be close to water source or with irrigation conditions, soil
Earth is fertile；
(2) variety selection: the ratio of the pollinated variety tree of apocarya and main breed tree is 1:9；The product of apocarya
Kind Qi Kete, wave Buddhist nun, Bo Xi, Xiao Xiaoni, rape variety is turnip type rape.
(3) soil remediation and site preparation: weedtree, weeds in field are removed, 3% phoxim particle of application eliminates subterranean pest-insect, thin
80 centimetres of soil deep tillage of shell hickory nut growing area；Mid or late August carries out rape seed growing area soil to plough deeply 35 centimetres and whole thin rake
It is flat, bedding, the wide 2.0m of furrow, furrow ditch depth 30cm, furrow width 50cm, and drainage trenching；
(4) be colonized: apocarya resident time is that by the end of January, seeding row spacing is 8 meters × 8 meters, digs planting pit according to seeding row spacing,
The length of planting pit is having a size of 110cm × 110cm × 80cm, and apply fertilizer 30kg for planting pit bottom, applies in two times, one layer of fertilizer
In one layer of topsoil filling planting pit, one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil is continued to after slightly trampling, then by topsoil, cubsoil and
In 1kg calcium magnesium phosphate mixing filling planting pit, it is finally putting into thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, the sapling of apocarya main breed is
Grafting, grafting select triennial robust growth seedling be stock and engrafting and cultivating 1 year, righting, banket and mention seedling,
Having peace of mind, then banket to sapling base neck original soil trace；After field planting, it is watered with root water and covers and loosen the soil.September part sows rape, per acre
It is 1.0kg that rape seed amount is sowed in orchard, harrows a kind of farm tools after planting to cover seed；Rape and thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling keep 1.0m's
Distance, and the planting proportion of First Year and second year rape accounts for the 73% of the field gross area after the field planting of thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, third
The planting proportion of rape accounts for the 58% of the field gross area after year.
(5) water and fertilizer management: planting pit bottom applies enough organic fertilizer or farmyard manure before apocarya is planted, field planting the
It applies fertilizer 3 times within 1 year, late May, every plant of tree applied 100g ammonium sulfate, 50g phosphorus potash fertilizer；Every plant of tree application 100g urea of early August,
100g phosphorus potash fertilizer；Autumn applies 1500g phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer and decomposed organic fertilizer to every plant of tree using bar ditch method after tree fallen leaves
10g, and the combination prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control spray 0.25% zinc sulfate.According to weather and soil moisture situation to apocarya
It is poured, is poured by way of flood irrigation weekly after the Beginning of summer once, it is every every time to set the 40kg that pours water；Rape before ploughing deeply per acre
The calcium superphosphate for imposing 4.0kg makees base fertilizer, and with sowing after 0.8kg urea and seed mixing when sowing, rape combines when growing 5 leaf
It pours water and imposes urea 6kg per acre；
(6) cradle covering: yellow in loquat to 95% silique color, ground proximity is to rape when the seed in 90% silique is in dark brown
Cauline leaf cradles, and the rape cauline leaf after cradling tedded in field, threshing, processes in time to rapeseed obtained by threshing
Processing, and the cauline leaf after threshing is resigned from office and return home, i.e., the cauline leaf after threshing is covered on orchard ground, with rotary cultivator by cauline leaf rotary tillage
It buries, rotary tillage depth is 20cm, and is turned over tight.
Apocarya needs to choose manual uprooting weed within the scope of tillage and weeding 5 times, 2 meters of nursery stock every year；
Rape carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, which includes that plantation is preceding, carries out chemicals treatment to rape seed and to rape
Flower low level orientation sprays a gram bacterium spirit diluent.It is that 4kg rape seed is immersed in 10kg seed that rape seed, which carries out chemicals treatment,
Dried after 1.5h in inorganic agent, seed treatment it is specific the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight by 27 parts of imidacloprid, polyoxyethylene rouge
3 parts of fat acid, 0.02 part of xanthan gum, 0.06 part of sodium alginate, 1.5 parts of aqueous rhodo agent, gathers 7 parts of acrylate synthetic polymer
0.3 part of vinyl alcohol, 70% sharp 1 part of dissipating property of victory pulvis stir in 20 parts of addition high-speed shearing machines of water 20 minutes, then will mixing
Object is added to dispersion stirring 20 minutes in ultrasonic dispersing machine.
Embodiment 3
A method of apocarya orchard early stage benefit being improved, this method passes through apocarya young garden phase interplanting oil
Dish is improved benefit, specifically includes the following steps: (1) field selects: field location annual rainfall 1450mm, annual gas
19.6 DEG C of temperature, the summation of daily mean temperature >=10 DEG C period temperature are 6500 DEG C, frost-free period 325 days, select soil pH value for
7.5, soil thickness 1 meter or more, illumination is sufficient, the good plot of irrigation and drainage, and plot will close to water source or have irrigation conditions,
Fertile soil；
(2) variety selection: the ratio of the pollinated variety tree of apocarya and main breed tree is 1:7；The product of apocarya
Kind of Jinhua 1, wave Buddhist nun, Winston, Ma Han, Bo Xi, the selection of rape variety is then according to depending on the height above sea level of field location, height above sea level
600 meters or less selection wild cabbage shape rapes, 600 meters of height above sea level or more are selected turnip type rape；
(3) soil remediation and site preparation: removing weedtree, weeds in field, and 3% phoxim particle of application eliminates subterranean pest-insect, shell mountain
70 centimetres of walnut growing area soil deep tillage；Late August to rape seed growing area soil plough deeply 30 centimetres and it is whole carefully rake, make
Furrow, the wide 1.8m of furrow, furrow ditch depth 27cm, furrow width 42cm, and drainage trenching；
(4) be colonized: apocarya resident time is that by the end of December, seeding row spacing is 5 meters × 10 meters, is dug and is colonized according to seeding row spacing
Cave, for the length of planting pit having a size of 80cm × 80cm × 80cm, the weight of planting pit bottom fertilising is 25kg, is applied in two times
Enter, in one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil filling planting pit, one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil is continued to after slightly trampling, then by surface layer
In soil, cubsoil and 1kg calcium magnesium phosphate mixing filling planting pit, it is finally putting into thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, the main cultivation product of apocarya
The sapling of kind is grafting, and it is stock and engrafting and cultivating 1 year that grafting, which selects the seedling of 2.5 years raw robust growths, is helped
Just, it bankets and mentions seedling, having peace of mind, then banket to sapling base neck original soil trace；After field planting, it is watered with root water and covers and loosen the soil.September part
Rape is sowed, sowing rape seed amount in orchard is 0.4kg per acre, harrows a kind of farm tools after planting to cover seed；Rape and apocarya
Sapling keeps the distance of 0.8m, and to account for field total for the planting proportion of First Year and second year rape after the field planting of thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling
The 75% of area, the planting proportion of rape accounts for the 60% of the field gross area after third year.
(5) water and fertilizer management: planting pit bottom applies enough organic fertilizer or farmyard manure, Seedling Stage before apocarya is planted
Annual fertilising 4 times, April, every plant of tree applied 110g urea；Mid-May, every plant of tree applied 100g quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, 50g phosphorus potassium
Fertilizer；Early August, every plant of tree applied 100g urea, 100g phosphorus potash fertilizer；Autumn applies every plant of tree using bar ditch method after tree fallen leaves
1200g phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer and the decomposed organic fertilizer of 12g, spray in conjunction with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control 0.25% zinc sulfate；According to weather
Apocarya is poured with soil moisture situation, is poured by way of trickle irrigation weekly after the Beginning of summer once, it is every every time
Set the 40kg that pours water；The calcium superphosphate that rape imposes 4.5kg per acre before ploughing deeply makees base fertilizer, with 1.0kg urea and seed when sowing
It is sowed after mixing thoroughly, imposes urea 8kg per acre in conjunction with pouring water when rape grows 5 leaf；
(6) cradle covering: yellow in loquat to 95% silique color, ground proximity is to rape when the seed in 90% silique is in dark brown
Cauline leaf cradles, and the rape cauline leaf after cradling tedded in field, threshing, processes in time to rapeseed obtained by threshing
Processing, and the cauline leaf after threshing is resigned from office and return home, i.e., the cauline leaf after threshing is covered on orchard ground, with rotary cultivator by cauline leaf rotary tillage
It buries, rotary tillage depth is 15cm, and is turned over tight.
Apocarya needs to choose manual uprooting weed within the scope of tillage and weeding 4 times, 2 meters of nursery stock every year；
Rape carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes carrying out chemicals treatment to rape seed before plantation and to rape
Low level orientation in blade face sprays imidacloprid and virus A mixture diluent.It is by 4kg rape seed that rape seed, which carries out chemicals treatment,
Be immersed in 9kg seed treatment and dried after 1.5h, seed treatment it is specific the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight by imidacloprid 20
Part, 4 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty acid, 4 parts of acrylate synthetic polymer, 0.03 part of xanthan gum, 0.03 part of sodium alginate, aqueous rose
Red dose 0.8 part, 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 70% sharp 1 part of dissipating property of victory pulvis, 16 points are stirred in 25 parts of addition high-speed shearing machines of water
Then clock adds mixture to dispersion stirring 20 minutes in ultrasonic dispersing machine.
Embodiment 4
A method of apocarya orchard early stage benefit being improved, this method passes through apocarya young garden phase interplanting oil
Dish is improved benefit, specifically includes the following steps: (1) field selects: field location annual rainfall 950mm, annual gas
16.7 DEG C of temperature, the summation of daily mean temperature >=10 DEG C period temperature are 4800 DEG C, frost-free period 217 days, soil pH value are selected to exist
7.2, soil thickness 1 meter or more, illumination is sufficient, the good plot of irrigation and drainage, and plot will close to water source or have irrigation conditions,
Fertile soil；
(2) variety selection: the ratio of the pollinated variety tree of apocarya and main breed tree is 1:8；The master of apocarya
Planting kind is that card is more；Pollinated variety is wave Buddhist nun, Winston, Ma Han, and rape variety is wild cabbage shape rape.
(3) soil remediation and site preparation: removing weedtree, weeds in field, and 3% phoxim particle of application eliminates subterranean pest-insect, and
According to field condition site preparation, to land smoothing, plough deeply；The depth of apocarya growing area soil deep tillage should reach 75 centimetres；8
Month the middle ten days and the last ten days ploughs deeply rape seed growing area soil, the depth of soil deep tillage reach 32 centimetres and it is whole carefully rake, bedding, furrow are wide
1.9m, furrow ditch depth 28cm, furrow width 48cm, and drainage trenching；
(4) be colonized: apocarya resident time is that by the end of February, seeding row spacing is 8 meters × 8 meters, digs planting pit according to seeding row spacing,
For the length of planting pit having a size of 90cm × 90cm × 80cm, the weight of planting pit bottom fertilising is 22kg, is applied in two times,
In one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil filling planting pit, one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil is continued to after slightly trampling, then by topsoil,
In cubsoil and 1kg calcium magnesium phosphate mixing filling planting pit, it is finally putting into thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, apocarya main breed
Sapling is grafting, and it is stock and engrafting and cultivating 1 year that grafting, which selects the seedling of the robust growth of triennial, and righting is banketed
And seedling, having peace of mind are mentioned, then banket to sapling base neck original soil trace；After field planting, it is watered with root water and covers and loosen the soil.September part sowing oil
Dish, sowing rape seed amount in orchard is 0.6kg per acre, harrows a kind of farm tools after planting to cover seed；Rape and thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling protect
The distance of 0.9m is held, and the planting proportion of First Year and second year rape accounts for the field gross area after the field planting of thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling
75%, the planting proportion of rape accounts for the 58% of the field gross area after third year.
(5) water and fertilizer management: planting pit bottom applies enough organic fertilizer or farmyard manure, Seedling Stage before apocarya is planted
Annual fertilising 4 times, April, every plant of tree applied 140g ammonium sulfate；Mid or late May, every plant of tree applied 100g quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, 50g phosphorus
Potash fertilizer；Early August, every plant of tree applied 100g urea, 100g phosphorus potash fertilizer；Autumn applies 1300g phosphorus using circular groove method after tree fallen leaves
K composite fertilizer and the decomposed organic fertilizer of 13g, spray in conjunction with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control 0.25% zinc sulfate；According to weather and soil
Moisture situation pours apocarya, is poured once by flood irrigation mode weekly after the Beginning of summer, and every tree is poured water every time
40kg；The calcium superphosphate that rape imposes 4.8kg per acre before ploughing deeply makees base fertilizer, with after 1.0kg urea and seed mixing when sowing
Sowing imposes urea 9kg in conjunction with pouring water when rape grows 6 leaf per acre；
(6) cradle covering: yellow in loquat to 95% silique color, ground proximity is to rape when the seed in 90% silique is in dark brown
Cauline leaf cradles, and the rape cauline leaf after cradling tedded in field, threshing, processes in time to rapeseed obtained by threshing
Processing, and the cauline leaf after threshing is resigned from office and return home, i.e., the cauline leaf after threshing is covered on orchard ground, with rotary cultivator by cauline leaf rotary tillage
It buries, rotary tillage depth is 15cm, and is turned over tight.
Apocarya needs to choose manual uprooting weed within the scope of tillage and weeding 5 times, 2 meters of nursery stock every year；
Rape carries out the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage, and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, which includes that plantation is preceding, carries out chemicals treatment to rape seed and to rape
Low level orientation in blade face sprays 20% dimethachlon diluent.It is that 4kg rape seed is immersed in 10kg that rape seed, which carries out chemicals treatment,
Dried after 1.5h in seed treatment, seed treatment it is specific the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight by 25 parts of imidacloprid, polyoxy second
5 parts of alkene fatty acid, 5 parts of acrylate synthetic polymer, 0.05 part of xanthan gum, 0.02 part of sodium alginate, aqueous rhodo agent 1.2
Part, 70% sharp 1 part of dissipating property of victory pulvis, is stirred in 28 parts of addition high-speed shearing machines of water 20 minutes 0.6 part of polyvinyl alcohol, then will
Mixture is added to dispersion stirring 20 minutes in ultrasonic dispersing machine.
Embodiment 5
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 4 are as follows: the kind of apocarya be Wichita, Winston, wave Buddhist nun, Ma Han, Bo Xi,
Other are same as Example 4.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art,
Without depart from that overall concept of the invention, several changes and improvements can also be made, these also should be considered as of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, it is characterised in that: this method passes through apocarya children
The orchard phase in age interplants rape to improve benefit, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) field selects: field location annual rainfall 950-1450mm, and 15-19.6 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, daily mean temperature
The summation of >=10 DEG C of period temperature is 4800-6500 DEG C, frost-free period 217-325 days, selects soil pH value between 7-8, soil layer
Thickness is in 1 meter or more, illumination abundance, the good plot of irrigation and drainage, and plot will be close to water source or with irrigation conditions, soil fertilizer
It is fertile；
(2) variety selection: the ratio of the pollinated variety tree of apocarya and main breed tree is 1:(6-9)；Rape variety
Choose then according to depending on the height above sea level of field location, 600 meters of height above sea level or less selection wild cabbage shape rapes, 600 meters of height above sea level or more select it is white
Dish type rape；
(3) soil remediation and site preparation: weedtree, weeds in removing field, application 3% phoxim particle elimination subterranean pest-insect, and according to
Field condition site preparation, to land smoothing, is ploughed deeply；The depth of apocarya growing area soil deep tillage should reach 60-80 centimetres；8
Month the middle ten days and the last ten days ploughs deeply rape seed growing area soil, the depth ploughed deeply reach 27-35 centimetres and it is whole carefully rake, bedding, furrow are wide
1.5-2.0m, furrow ditch depth 26-30cm, furrow width 40-50cm, and drainage trenching；
(4) be colonized: the seeding row spacing of apocarya is (4-8) rice × (8-12) rice, digs planting pit according to seeding row spacing, uses topsoil
Depth needed for being backfilled to root system plant simultaneously plants nursery stock, and resident time is by the end of November to by the end of March；September part sows rape, per acre
It is 0.25-1.0kg that rape seed amount is sowed in orchard, harrows a kind of farm tools after planting to cover seed；
(5) water and fertilizer management: planting pit bottom applies enough organic fertilizer or farmyard manure before apocarya is planted, and Seedling Stage is annual
Fertilising 3-4 times, spray in conjunction with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control 0.25% zinc sulfate；According to weather and soil moisture situation to shell mountain
Walnut is poured, and is poured by way of flood irrigation or trickle irrigation weekly after the Beginning of summer once, every every time to set the 40kg that pours water；Rape exists
The calcium superphosphate for imposing 4.0-5.5kg before ploughing deeply per acre makees base fertilizer, with broadcasting after 0.8-1.3kg urea and seed mixing when sowing
Kind, urea 6-10kg is imposed per acre in conjunction with pouring water when rape grows 5-6 leaf；
(6) cradle covering: yellow in loquat to 95% silique color, ground proximity is to rape when the seed in 90% silique is in dark brown
Cauline leaf cradles, and the rape cauline leaf after cradling tedded in field, threshing, processes in time to rapeseed obtained by threshing
Processing, and the cauline leaf after threshing is resigned from office and return home.
2. the method according to claim 1 for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, it is characterised in that: thin shell mountain pecan
The kind of peach configures 3-4 pollinated variety companion planting using a kind of excellent variety as main breed in proportion.
3. the method according to claim 2 for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, it is characterised in that: main breed
Selection: can be selected from Ma Han, Weston, Xiao Xiaoni, wave Buddhist nun, Jinhua 1 in China southeastern coastal areas；In the western phase such as Yunnan
It is chosen when being planted to the area of arid and blocks one of more, Xiao Xiaoni, Qi Kete；In north, optional card taking is more, prestige is odd
One of tower；Pollinated variety choose wave Buddhist nun, in Winston one or both of as the first ripe type pollinated variety of male flower, with
One or both of Ma Han, Bo Xi, Xiao Xiaoni are female flower first ripe type pollinated variety.
4. the method according to claim 1 for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, it is characterised in that: planting pit
Length is 20-30kg having a size of (75cm-110cm) × (75cm-110cm) × 80cm, the weight of planting pit bottom fertilising,
It applies in two times, in one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil filling planting pit, one layer of fertilizer, one layer of topsoil is continued to after slightly trampling, so
Topsoil, cubsoil and 1kg calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed in filling planting pit afterwards, are finally putting into thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling, righting is banketed
And seedling, having peace of mind are mentioned, then banket to sapling base neck original soil trace；After field planting, it is watered with root water and covers and loosen the soil.
5. the method according to claim 4 for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, it is characterised in that: described is thin
The sapling of shell hickory nut main breed is grafting, and the seedling for the robust growth that grafting selects 2-3 raw is stock and transfers
Connect cultivation 1 year；Apocarya needs tillage and weeding 4-5 times every year, and manual uprooting weed is chosen within the scope of 2 meters of nursery stock.
6. it is according to claim 5 improve apocarya orchard early stage benefit method, it is characterised in that: rape with it is thin
Shell hickory nut sapling keep 0.7-1.0m distance, and thin shell mountain pecan peach seedling field planting after First Year and second year rape plantation
Ratio accounts for the 73-80% of the field gross area, and the planting proportion of rape accounts for the 58-68% of the field gross area after third year.
7. the method according to claim 6 for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, it is characterised in that: rape carries out
The prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, which includes that plantation is preceding, carries out chemicals treatment to rape seed and to rape spraying pesticide, institute
The method of spraying pesticide be select one of 20% dimethachlon, gram bacterium spirit, imidacloprid and virus A mixture pesticide in strict accordance with
Xiang Huaduo or blade face low level directed spraying after dose dilution.
8. the method according to claim 7 for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, it is characterised in that: the oil
It is to be immersed in 4kg rape seed in 8-10kg seed treatment to dry after 1.5h that colza, which carries out chemicals treatment, seed treatment
The specific of agent gathers the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight synthesizing 18-27 parts of imidacloprid, 3-5 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty acid, acrylate
Close object 3-7 parts, 0.02-0.06 parts of xanthan gum, 0.02-0.06 parts of sodium alginate, 0.5-1.5 parts of aqueous rhodo agent, polyvinyl alcohol
0.3-0.8 parts, 70% sharp 1 part of dissipating property of victory pulvis, stir in 20-40 parts of addition high-speed shearing machines of water 15-20 minutes, then will
Mixture is added to dispersion stirring 20 minutes in ultrasonic dispersing machine.
9. the method according to claim 1 for improving apocarya orchard early stage benefit, it is characterised in that: thin shell mountain pecan
The annual fertilizing method of peach are as follows: 3-4 month, every plant of tree applied 100-150g quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, was selected from ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and urine
Element；Mid or late May, every plant of tree applied 100g quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, 50g phosphorus potash fertilizer；Early August, every plant of tree applied 100g urea, 100g
Phosphorus potash fertilizer；Autumn applies phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer and organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer applied using bar ditch method or circular groove method after tree fallen leaves
It should be through concentrating pile fermentation decomposed, every plant of tree applies phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer 1000-1500g, decomposed organic fertilizer 10-15g.
10. the method for -9 any raising apocarya orchard early stage benefits according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The mode that cauline leaf after threshing is resigned from office and return home are as follows: the cauline leaf after threshing is covered on orchard ground, is entered cauline leaf rotary tillage with rotary cultivator
Soil, rotary tillage depth are 10-20cm, and are turned over tight.
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| CN111955257A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-20 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Forest-grass-poultry ecological cycle mode for improving economic benefit of carya illinoensis orchard |
| CN112602545A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-06 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Method for improving soil microorganisms of macadamia root system |
| CN114342729A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-04-15 | 湖南萌芽蔬菜产业股份有限公司 | Organic planting method for pecans |
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