CN109417932A - A kind of cattle heart Li Guomiao engrafting method - Google Patents
A kind of cattle heart Li Guomiao engrafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109417932A CN109417932A CN201710593385.0A CN201710593385A CN109417932A CN 109417932 A CN109417932 A CN 109417932A CN 201710593385 A CN201710593385 A CN 201710593385A CN 109417932 A CN109417932 A CN 109417932A
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Abstract
Present invention mainly discloses a kind of cattle heart Li Guomiao engrafting methods, it is mainly growth characteristics, the feature according to cattle heart Li Guomiao, select the wild peach nursery stock that habit is close with cattle heart Lee, affinity is strong as graft stock, using corresponding stock seed treatment, cultivate, the methods of scion acquisition, preservation, scion step graft cattle heart lijin's row, improve cattle heart Lee and graft shoot survival percent；The implementation of this technology makes cattle heart Lee graft shoot survival percent and reaches 98% or so, and seedling growth is neat, and robust plant is transplanted ahead of time, improves transplanting survival rate, ahead of time result；Primary breediness is kept, is got bumper crops with the obvious advantage, quality gets a promotion, and obtains enough high quality seedlings by primary seedling propagation by grafiting, meets the needs of large area production；Third annual bearing after realization transplanting enters high yield period, 1 ton kilogram of the high-quality fresh fruit of per mu yield on the 5th year, and per mu yield value reaches Wan Yuan, realizes premature labor, high yield, excellent production, efficient target.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plum fruit plant development technologies, belong to Tropical fruits agricultural production cultivation technique neck
Domain, and in particular to arrive a kind of cattle heart Li Guomiao engrafting method.
Technical background
Lee is the fruit of rosaceae Lee subfamily cherry Japanese plum.
Classification system: Prunus salicina Lindl
Chinese scientific name: plum
Plum is distributed mainly on the southern areas such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Sichuan in China, and area accounts for about the whole nation
62.4%, yield accounts for about 61.3%, and Guangxi plum area just accounts for 24% or so, and yield accounts for about 23%, is China's plum yield
One of main provinces and regions.Plum kind mainly has several major class, the kinds such as yellow Lee, purple Lee, Niu Li, green Lee to have as many as nearly hundred kinds, Niu Li
It is exactly the excellent Lee's kind of one kind therein.Plum is one of important temperate fruit tree in 600-2000 meters of ambient growths of height above sea level.
Cattle heart Lee is an excellent variety of ox Lee's class, is the distinctive Lee fruit kind in Lingyun County, because of its outer image " cattle heart "
And gain the name, fruit size is uniform, and 35 grams of single fruit weight or so, edible rate is up to 96.2%, soluble solid content 19.6%, pulp
Golden yellow, quality is fine and smooth, and in good taste, flavor is dense, fresh and sweet, there is sweet fragrance, and fruit freestone is a kind of excellent Lee fruit fruit.
It is measured through science, cattle heart Lee is rich in nutriment abundant, and every hectogram edible part reaches 1.0g, rouge containing protein
Fat 0.8g, carbohydrate 13.5g, total acid 3.0g, cellulose 5.5g, tannin 2.0g, vitamin A 0.1mg, calcium 20mg, phosphorus
24mg, iron 0.8mg are a kind of excellent containing asparagine, glutamic acid, glutamine, serine, glycine, proline etc. in pulp
Good high nutrition eats fruit raw.
Cattle heart Lee's sweet and sour taste, taste is sweet, can promote the secretion of gastric acid and gastric juice, and can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis,
Thus there is improvement appetite, promotes the effect of digestion, especially to glutted after gastric anacidity, food, constipation person is effective.Flesh
In the amino acid such as serine, glycine, proline, glutamine, play the role of inducing diuresis to remove edema, there is adjuvant treatment to imitate cirrhosis
Fruit.Meanwhile cattle heart Lee contains multiple nutritional components, plays the role of skin maintenance and cosmetic benefits, lubricates the skin and muscle, oxidation preventive content in pulp
Height is anti-aging, anti-disease " super fruit ".
Medically, labor is hot, clear thirsty between cattle heart Lee has reducing fever and causing diuresis, activating blood circulation and dissipating phlegm, clearing liver washs in hot, tune, controls Bones and joints
Until effect；Cattle heart Lee has nourishing the liver, controls liver ascites, broken stasis of blood and other effects on medicinal function, has good guarantor after people are edible
Strong effect, can be such that the body immune ability of people is improved, the deep welcome by the pin person of expense.
Now, as fast development, the income increasingly of social economy are continuously increased, the continuous improvement of living standard, people
Transformation of the consumption idea to environmental protective hygienic type fruit, when cattle heart Lee's fresh fruit sale being made to enter a considerably long Duan Gaofeng
Phase, supply falls short of demand for fruit supply presentation.When every fruit mature period, per kilogram cattle heart Lee's fresh fruit price up to 50 yuan or so, and
And stock fruit is seldom seen in the market, and price raises up increasingly, product market sale prospect is very good.
The prior art
Currently, nursery stock used in cattle heart Lee's plant development, the masses in order to reduce production cost be mainly seed directly sow,
Seedling, cuttage seeding, the axillary seedling of natural germination and growth, also there is a small amount of grafting；Using seed sowing or naturally it grows
Seedling, cuttage seeding, axillary seedling be easy to cause original breediness, high yield advantage, fruit as cattle heart Lee's plant development seedling
Product quality deterioration, growth and development is slow, and fruit tree growth height is irregular, after transplanting to beginning fruit-growing time year limit for length (after seven, eight years
Just start fruiting)；Using a small amount of grafting, since the graft stock of use is unsuitable or stock the storage of seeds is improper, kind
Sub- after-ripening is not completed adequately, and stock seed sowing planting percent is low or scion graft technology method is improper, causes grafting
Survival rate is low etc., be easy to cause production cost big, capital invested is high；Its defect of these methods is seedling propagation speed
Slowly, seedling early growth is irregular, and transplanting survival rate is low, and seedling needed for large area production plantation is difficult to supply for the moment, production cost
Greatly, the result time year limit for length since being transplanted to；Meanwhile kind is easy to degenerate, and is not easy to keep original kind high yielding character, it is rich
Production performance is low, and nutrient quality is poor, and per mu yield is not high, it is difficult to realize premature labor, early rich, efficient productive target.
The purpose of invention
In order to increase and improve the economic benefit of cattle heart Lee's famous and high-quality fruit production plantation, mentioned to be widely applied production plantation
It for required high quality seedling, further increases cattle heart Lee and grafts shoot survival percent, solve cattle heart Lee and produce plantation seedling propagation process
In the grafting shoot survival percent that often occurs it is low, nursery stock is small and weak irregular, and seedling root is undeveloped, and transplanting survival rate is low, fills the gaps with seedlings
The technical problems such as more, production cost is excessive, as a result year limit for length, and high yield advantage is unobvious, are the main object of the present invention.This technology
Due to having selected habit is close with cattle heart Lee, affinity is strong wild peach nursery stock as graft stock, cattle heart Lee can be made to graft
Shoot survival percent reaches 98% or so, and grafting well developed root system, robust plant grows neat and consistent.There is transplant survival in production
Rate is high, and the service life is long, and yield is high, highly keeps original breediness and quality, and growth is fast, result is early, drought-enduring, fruit is sweet greatly,
It gets bumper crops the features such as with the obvious advantage.Start in third year after production transplanting as a result, at the 4th year entrance high yield initial stage, enter and abound on the 5th year
High yield period realizes premature labor early rich target, improves orchard worker's production economy benefit.
The content of invention
The present invention is realized by following technical proposal
A kind of cattle heart Li Guomiao engrafting method includes: in technical solution
1, the selection and cultivation of rootstock seedling；
2, it grafts；
3, management and seedling are out of the garden after connecing.
Major technique path of the invention: the selection and cultivation → grafting → managing after grafting of rootstock seedling.
The present invention has the advantage that
1, using suitable stock, keep germination percentage after grafting high, emergence is fast, and emergence rate is high.
2, finishing scion is made full use of, easy to operate, high survival rate is at low cost.
3, the seedling planting percent being bred as is high, and seedling is healthy and strong, and variety is consistent, and growth is neat, as a result unanimously, utmostly
Keep original kind yielding ability, nutrient quality.
4, large quantities of seedlings can be disposably bred as, large area plant development needs are met.
5, plant production is fast after planting transplantation of seedlings, comparatively fast enters fruiting period, abounds with rear yield height, and yielding ability is obvious.
The seedling plant of 6 incubations is short strong, is easily managed.
Specific embodiment:
1, the selection and cultivation of rootstock seedling
(1) rootstock seedling selects: according to the growth characteristics and feature of cattle heart Lee, and the compatibility of grafting, rootstock seedling uses hair
Peach seedling wood；
(2) rootstock seedling seed collection: in the annual 7-8 month, picking fruit when wild peach maturation, wild peach stack retting (attention is stirred,
Do not allow fever) it rots to pulp, wash out fruit stone airing；
(3) fruit stone is stored: the fruit stone after airing carries out Stratificated treatment with 5 times of wet river sands, pays attention to keeping suitable in lamination process
When humidity and ventilated, seed is made to complete after-ripening；
(4) it sows: gradually being sprouted to month next year 2-3 seed, first play furrow by 10 × 1.2 meters, the seed of germination is pressed 6 × 5
Very little specification moves on on seedbed, while the management such as pay attention to weeding, fertilising, draining, keeps loosing soil, ventilative, can be into autumn
Row grafting.
2, it grafts
(1) grafting time generally carries out after autumn end to winter, cattle heart Lee and rootstock seedling fallen leaves；
(2) scion selection and storage: adopting fringe from excellent cattle heart Lee maternal plant, selection enrich it is full, without disease pest, no flower bud
Annual shoot fringe, it is desirable that internode is short and substantial, and scion is with adopting with connecing, but more scion is needing to store, and be can be used when scion is more
Temporary planting plays high ridge and is buried in the earth, keeps humidity, and wooden case storage can be used when less, and the place mat plastic film leakproof of bottom elder generation repaves
One layer of river sand or wood sawdust, after repave scion, alternating discharge, topmost covering river sand or wood sawdust are sprinkled with suitable water, are placed on
Shady place storage；
(3) it grafts: using whip grafting；
1. method is cut in scion: first from 2-3 centimeters below the behind of topmost bud, after grafting knife only only cuts into xylem
Horizontal cutting is whittled into acute angle in bevel back side base portion, and the scion cut will retain 2 buds；
2. cutting stock: the 5-8 centimeters since earth's surface, with pruner by the horizontal cutting of stock, stock section is used
Grafting knife equating wound selects smooth stock side therewith, the shoulder of section splay a knife expose forming layer, it is right
The inside that standard is exposed cuts several centimetres with grafting knife downward vertically, at this moment to pay special attention to cut wound face and want straight；
3. scion, stock engagement: see the cambial position of the two clearly, contact surface will be engaged securely both sides' forming layer up and down,
The section bottom of stock is vertically arrived always in scion, and in stock, scion thickness difference, forming layer must have side to be engaged with each other,
With grafting plastic colloidal cloth bondage.
3, management and seedling are out of the garden after connecing
(1) it unclamps bondage plastic colloidal cloth: generally at 1-2 after connecing months, when after the beginning of spring, can be tied up to carrying out unclamping at grafting
Plastic colloidal cloth is tied up, growth is conducive to；
(2) it removes rudiment: removing the rudiment on stock in time；
(3) fertilizer and water management: paying attention to intertillage, weeding, fertilising, loosen the soil in time, keeps loosing soil, breathes freely, principle is weather
Early when arid, evening drenches sufficient water, and when rainwater day drains in time；
(4) to plant shaping in the nursery stock carry out garden after grafting and trimming, weak branch, sick branch, excessive growth shaping and trimming: are removed
Branch cultivates high yield tree crown；
(5) seedling is out of the garden: after managing after 1 year connect, to the winter season of next year, cattle heart Lee fruit grafting can
With the transplanting that is out of the garden.
Main effect
The characteristic that seedling early growth is grafted according to cattle heart Lee, has selected the hair that habit is close with cattle heart Lee, affinity is strong
Peach seedling carpentery workshop is graft stock, by using adaptable stock seed treatment, is cultivated, scion acquisition, storage preservation, scion etc.
Technical method step grafts cattle heart Lee's seedling, increases substantially cattle heart Lee and grafts shoot survival percent.The implementation of this technology, can
Make cattle heart Lee graft shoot survival percent to greatly improve, reaches 98% or so, and cattle heart Lee's seedling growth after grafting is neat, plant is strong
Strong, well developed root system, seedling morbidity is few, ahead of time transplanting time, improves survival rate after transplanting, ahead of time as a result, height keeps cattle heart Lee
Primary breediness and quality reduce cattle heart Lee variety deterioration, make to get bumper crops after cattle heart Lee's fruiting with the obvious advantage, nutrient quality obtains
It improves；A large amount of grafting plant wood is obtained after can grafting by primary sapling multiplication, meets the need of large area production plantation
It wants；Third annual bearing after transplanting plantation is realized in production, enters within the 4th year first term, enters high term within the 5th year, per mu yield is high-quality
1 ton kilogram of fresh fruit of cattle heart Lee, per mu yield value reaches Wan Yuan；Realize premature labor, high yield, excellent production, efficient target, remarkable in economical benefits pushes
Enthusiasms for production of the masses to cattle heart Lee accelerate the mountain area people and get rich the paces striven for a relatively comfortable life.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cattle heart Li Guomiao engrafting method, feature includes the following steps: the selection of rootstock seedling and cultivates and grafting and connect
Management and seedling are out of the garden afterwards.
2. a kind of cattle heart Li Guomiao engrafting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the selection of rootstock seedling with
Cultivation includes:
(1) rootstock seedling selects: according to the growth characteristics and feature of cattle heart Lee, and the compatibility of grafting, rootstock seedling uses wild peach seedling
Wood；
(2) rootstock seedling seed collection: in the annual 7-8 month, picking fruit when wild peach maturation, wild peach stack retting, (attention is stirred, and is not allowed
Fever) it rots to pulp, wash out fruit stone airing；
(3) fruit stone is stored: the fruit stone after airing carries out Stratificated treatment with 5 times of wet river sands, pays attention to keeping appropriate wet in lamination process
It spends and ventilated, seed is made to complete after-ripening；
(4) it sows: gradually being sprouted to month next year 2-3 seed, first play furrow by 10 × 1.2 meters, by the seed of germination by 6 × 5 cun of rule
Lattice move on on seedbed, while the management such as pay attention to weeding, fertilising, draining, keep loosing soil, ventilative, can be transferred to autumn
It connects.
3. a kind of cattle heart Li Guomiao engrafting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that grafting includes:
(1) grafting time generally carries out after autumn end to winter, cattle heart Lee and rootstock seedling fallen leaves；
(2) scion selection and storage: adopting fringe from excellent cattle heart Lee maternal plant, selection enrich it is full, without disease pest, 1 year of no flower bud
Raw branch fringe, it is desirable that internode is short and substantial, and scion is with adopting with connecing, but more scion is needing to store, and temporary planting can be used when scion is more,
It plays high ridge to be buried in the earth, keeps humidity, wooden case storage can be used when less, the place mat plastic film leakproof of bottom elder generation repaves one layer of river
Husky or wood sawdust, after repave scion, alternating discharge, topmost covering river sand or wood sawdust are sprinkled with suitable water, are placed on shady place
Storage；
(3) it grafts: using whip grafting；
1. method is cut in scion: first from 2-3 centimeters below the behind of topmost bud, grafting knife is only only cut into after xylem in water
Flat-shaped cutting is whittled into acute angle in bevel back side base portion, and the scion cut will retain 2 buds；
2. cutting stock: the 5-8 centimeters since earth's surface, with pruner by the horizontal cutting of stock, stock section cut-grafting
Knife equating wound selects smooth stock side therewith, the shoulder of section splay a knife expose forming layer, alignment dew
Inside out cuts several centimetres with grafting knife downward vertically, at this moment to pay special attention to cut wound face and want straight；
3. scion, stock engagement: seeing the cambial position of the two clearly, contact surface will be engaged securely both sides' forming layer up and down, scion
The section bottom of stock is vertically arrived always, and in stock, scion thickness difference, forming layer there must be side to be engaged with each other, with transferring
Connect plastic colloidal cloth bondage.
4. a kind of cattle heart Li Guomiao engrafting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that management and seedling go out after connecing
Garden includes:
(1) it unclamps bondage plastic colloidal cloth: generally at 1-2 after connecing months, when after the beginning of spring, can be moulded to release bondage is carried out at grafting
Expect adhesive plaster, is conducive to growth；
(2) it removes rudiment: removing the rudiment on stock in time；
(3) fertilizer and water management: paying attention to intertillage, weeding, fertilising, loosen the soil in time, keeps loosing soil, breathes freely, and principle is weather arid
Shi Zao, evening drench sufficient water, and when rainwater day drains in time；
(4) shaping and trimming: to plant shaping in the nursery stock carry out garden after grafting and trimming, removing weak branch, sick branch, the branch of excessive growth,
Cultivate high yield tree crown；
(5) seedling is out of the garden: after managing after 1 year connect, to the winter season of next year, cattle heart Lee fruit grafting can go out
Garden transplanting.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110786160A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-02-14 | 西安圣华农业科技股份有限公司 | Grafting method of black gem plum |
| CN115281031A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-04 | 凌云县经济作物发展中心 | Method for preparing Lingyun beef heart Li Zaipei |
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| CN104285684A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-21 | 安吉中科园林绿化工程有限公司 | Method for grafting prunus cerasifera onto wild peach stock |
| CN105028087A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-11 | 重庆蓓博家庭农场 | Planting method of plum tree |
| CN105325180A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县田隆花木种植有限公司 | Method for carrying out grafting and seedling cultivating on prunus cerasifera |
| CN105875203A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-08-24 | 雷炳忠 | Technical method for substantially increasing survival rate of Niuxin plum grafted seedlings |
| CN106063440A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-02 | 吴永明 | The grafting implantation methods of late-maturing Lee |
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2017
- 2017-07-18 CN CN201710593385.0A patent/CN109417932A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285684A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-21 | 安吉中科园林绿化工程有限公司 | Method for grafting prunus cerasifera onto wild peach stock |
| CN105875203A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-08-24 | 雷炳忠 | Technical method for substantially increasing survival rate of Niuxin plum grafted seedlings |
| CN105028087A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-11 | 重庆蓓博家庭农场 | Planting method of plum tree |
| CN105325180A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县田隆花木种植有限公司 | Method for carrying out grafting and seedling cultivating on prunus cerasifera |
| CN106063440A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-02 | 吴永明 | The grafting implantation methods of late-maturing Lee |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110786160A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-02-14 | 西安圣华农业科技股份有限公司 | Grafting method of black gem plum |
| CN115281031A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-04 | 凌云县经济作物发展中心 | Method for preparing Lingyun beef heart Li Zaipei |
| CN115281031B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2024-02-09 | 凌云县经济作物发展中心 | Cultivation method of Lingyun plums |
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Application publication date: 20190305 |