CN102577794B - Method for breeding and cultivating high-quality Yunnan cherry seedlings - Google Patents

Method for breeding and cultivating high-quality Yunnan cherry seedlings Download PDF

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CN102577794B
CN102577794B CN 201210033351 CN201210033351A CN102577794B CN 102577794 B CN102577794 B CN 102577794B CN 201210033351 CN201210033351 CN 201210033351 CN 201210033351 A CN201210033351 A CN 201210033351A CN 102577794 B CN102577794 B CN 102577794B
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grafting
seedling
management
fruit
yunnan
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CN102577794A (en
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武绍波
敖平星
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Nantong Yaohua Fibre Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for breeding and cultivating high-quality Yunnan cherry seedlings, which relates to a method for cultivating specific fruit, and comprises the following steps of: (1) selection of seedling cultivation field and land consolidation; (2) collection and treatment of rootstock seeds: selecting prunus serrulata without floral leaves at the end of May and the beginning of June as a tree for seed collection, picking fruits when prunus serrulata fruits are ripe fully, putting the picked fruits into clear water immediately, scrubbing to remove pulps, floating to removestem, fishing out seeds to be air dried, stirring and mixing the seeds with clean river sand with moisture content of 60 percent, and carrying out laminated storage; and (3) seeding and seedling management: transplanting and grafting, when the height of the seedling exceeds 20cm, transplanting the seedling when rainy season comes in Yunnan; when the thickness of the seedling is larger than 0.75cm, grafting, wherein bud grafting is carried out in autumn, and cut grafting is adopted in spring; outplanting, checking survival rate two weeks later after grafting, and when the height of a budder young sprout is larger than 15cm, prying a tied plastic film by a knife, wherein grafted seedling management is conventional management; and outplanting when the height of the seedling is larger than 100cm.

Description

The cultivating high-quality Yunnan cherry seedlings breeding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of particular fruit.
Background technology
In recent years, external imported car li strong sales Chinese market of sub-fruit, retail price is high.Car li son because of fresh and sweet delicious, pulp is fine and smooth, entrance delicate fragrance is good to eat, liked by consumers in general.According to the introduction of Chinese vegetarian diet net, car li son is the diamond in the fruit, contains abundant vitamin and mineral nutrient element, and it is not only nice, and often eats and can also give protection against cancer, and particularly those are because of the neurasthenic personage of work strain.A car li son abounds with in American States such as the U.S., Canada, Chile, China also has introducing a fine variety of car li sub-fruit tree at present, but because of the restriction of planting environment and culture technique, its output is low or have no result or colored and unreal without flower, not yet forms the production plantation of industrialization.
In the breeding time of car li son cultivation, the Propogation and culture method has vital effect to car li son high yield and taste, and how can rationally effectively car li son be cultivated according to the character of various places soil is the technical problem that needs to be resolved hurrily in this area.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of cultivating high-quality Yunnan cherry seedlings breeding method for Yunnan Guanyuan red soil cultivation car li son.
Cultivating high-quality Yunnan cherry seedlings breeding method of the present invention is comprised of following steps:
One, the selection of nursery and consolidation
The plot of breeding car li son will leewardly face south, and physical features is smooth open, and Ground-water level is below 1 meter, and loosing soil is breathed freely; Front stubble was not bred peach, Lee and cherry; Use sufficient farmyard manure after soil is ploughed deeply and add suitable chemical fertilizer;
Two, the sampling and processing of stock seed
Select downy cherry fruit that blade do not have floral leaf as the seed collecting elite stand by the end of May-6 month, fruit picking when the downy cherry fruit fruit is fully ripe will be put into immediately clear water after the fruit picking and be washed by rubbing with the hands, rub with the hands except pulp, float except pulling seed out behind the carpopodium and dry, after puddling with the clean river sand of water content 60%, carry out the lamination storage;
Three, sowing and seedling management
When the Second Year seed had just showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, after being poured water thoroughly in the sowing ground of putting in order in the step () first, band sand broadcasted sowing, finish the straw of 5-10 centimetre of bonnet last layer, little shed heats, after bud sends, take off out at twice the straw of covering, allow gradually reform of nature illumination of nursery stock;
Four, transplanting and grafting
When seedling height surpasses 20 centimetres, Rainy season of Yunnan can carries out the transplanting of nursery stock temporarily, adopts the seeding row spacing transplanting of 20 centimetres of 10 centimetres of X; Management method is carried out managing and protecting of seedling routinely; Can carry out grafting when the nursery stock rugosity during greater than 0.75 centimetre, use bud grafting autumn, adopt cut-grafting spring;
Five, outplanting
Two weeks can check survival rate after the grafting, when the young sprout height of buddering during greater than 15 centimetres, chose out the plastic film of colligation with cutter, and the grafting management is Routine Management; Seedling height goes out the garden during greater than 100 centimetres.
Car li son because of unique flavor, being of high nutritive value is subject to liking of consumers in general, development is fallen over each other in various places, Yunnan was introduced a fine variety since 2005 and is planted, still, because the sapling multiplication of car li son difficulty, especially suitable stock is difficult to select, had influence on the Popularization And Development of car li son, for this reason, the suitable climate of Yunnan soil condition of exploitation, with most of cars li stock that sub-kind affinity is good, significant to promoting Yunnan car li sub-industry development.
A large amount of car li sub-stocks carries out Grafting Experiment to the inventor by introducing both at home and abroad, by experimental observation for successive years, has found the stock of suitable climate of Yunnan, soil condition---downy cherry fruit.Downy cherry fruit is Prunus, and the downy cherry fruit kind is distributed in northeast of Yunnan.
Downy cherry fruit (another name: oriental cherry, blue or green skin cherry), Latin be called Cerasus serrulata (Lindl.) G. Don,
Prunus serrulata Lindl、 C. serratifolia Carr、p.pseudocerasus Hort.non Lindl。
Be to collect seed easily with downy cherry fruit as the characteristics of stock, seeding ratio is high, and viral diseases and cherry canker are good with car li sub-grafting affinity, and well developed root system is resistant to lodging, is suitable for simultaneously soil in Yunnan, and cold resistance is strong, downgrades precocity fruiting.
Application method:
By the sowing of growing directly from seeds, as the graft stock of car li son.
Effect:
According to test, with the nursery stock behind this stock grafting; 1, do not find virus disease and cherry canker.2, interface healing property is good.3, suitable high altitude localities, Yunnan soil, cold resistance is strong.4, obvious dwarfing effect is arranged.
Test 1, affinity test:
1) test is processed
Select red light, the pioneer, the thunder Buddhist nun, early beautiful, early really large, Rabin Si, Lei Jina, eight kinds such as guest storehouse are carried out grafting in the garden, investigation graft survival rate, interface healing, susceptible rate, shoot growth amount.
2) test method
The stock seed that sowing is developed carries out cut-grafting when the stock rugosity reaches 0.75 centimetre.
3) trial
Routine Management.
The grafting affinity test:
Table 1
Kind Survival rate The susceptible rate of canker Large bound feet phenomenon Amount of growth (with horse Harry Comparison of Stocks) Cold resistance
Red light 98% 0 Nothing 80% By force
The pioneer 95% 0 Nothing 85% By force
The thunder Buddhist nun 90% 0 Nothing 88% By force
Early beautiful 90% 0 Nothing 89% By force
Early really large 92%% 0 Nothing 82% By force
Rabin Si 98% 0 Nothing 79% By force
Lei Jina 92% 0 Nothing 80% By force
Bin Ku 95% 0 Nothing 78% By force
As seen from Table 1: use stock grafting survival rate of the present invention all more than 90%, illustrate that the affinity of this stock is good, canker useless occurs, and 2100 meters height above sea level late frost does not experimental field all cause freeze injury, compares with common vigorous stock, and Dwarf Effect on Dwarf is arranged.
Embodiment
Embodiment: the sapling multiplication breeding method of the described car of present embodiment li son carries out in accordance with the following methods:
One, the selection of nursery and consolidation
The plot of breeding car li son will leewardly face south, and physical features is smooth open, and Ground-water level is below 1 meter, and loosing soil is breathed freely; Front stubble was not bred peach, Lee and cherry; Use sufficient farmyard manure after soil is ploughed deeply and add suitable chemical fertilizer, execute 5000 kilograms of farmyard manure+50 kilogram general calcium such as every mu of ground.
Puddle insecticide and an amount of bactericide such as ferrous sulfate in the soil.Do the sowing furrow in north-south.Furrow are wide 1 meter, and long 10 meters, the Yunnan in Spring arid for ease of water conservation, is preferably made low furrow.
Two, the sampling and processing of stock seed
Select blade not have the downy cherry fruit of floral leaf as the seed collecting elite stand by the end of May-6 month, fruit picking when the downy cherry fruit fruit is fully ripe, will put into immediately clear water after the fruit picking washes by rubbing with the hands, rub with the hands except pulp, float except pulling seed behind the carpopodium out and dry to seed and just turn white, after puddling with the clean river sand of water content 60%, carry out the lamination storage;
Three, sowing and seedling management
When the Second Year seed has just showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, after being poured water thoroughly in the sowing ground of putting in order in the step () first, band sand broadcasts sowing, finish the straw of 5-10 centimetre of bonnet last layer, little shed heats, after bud sends, take off out at twice the straw of covering, allow gradually reform of nature illumination of nursery stock, otherwise sunlight can be burnt seedling to death.
Four, transplanting and grafting
When seedling height surpasses 20 centimetres, Rainy season of Yunnan can carries out the transplanting of nursery stock temporarily, for making things convenient for grafting, adopts the seeding row spacing transplanting of 20 centimetres of 10 centimetres of X; Management method is carried out managing and protecting of seedling routinely; Can carry out grafting when the nursery stock rugosity during greater than 0.75 centimetre, use bud grafting autumn, adopt cut-grafting spring; Survival rate is high.
Five, outplanting
Two weeks can check survival rate after the grafting, when the young sprout height of buddering during greater than 15 centimetres, chose out the plastic film of colligation with cutter, and the grafting management is Routine Management; Seedling height can go out the garden during greater than 100 centimetres.

Claims (1)

1. cultivating high-quality Yunnan cherry seedlings breeding method is characterized in that being comprised of following steps:
One, the selection of nursery and consolidation
The plot of breeding car li son will leewardly face south, and physical features is smooth open, and Ground-water level is below 1 meter, and loosing soil is breathed freely; Front stubble was not bred peach, Lee and cherry; Use sufficient farmyard manure after soil is ploughed deeply and add suitable chemical fertilizer;
Two, the sampling and processing of stock seed
Select downy cherry fruit that blade do not have floral leaf as the seed collecting elite stand by the end of May-6 month, fruit picking when the downy cherry fruit fruit is fully ripe will be put into immediately clear water after the fruit picking and be washed by rubbing with the hands, rub with the hands except pulp, float except pulling seed out behind the carpopodium and dry, after puddling with the clean river sand of water content 60%, carry out the lamination storage;
Three, sowing and seedling management
When the Second Year seed had just showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, after being poured water thoroughly in the sowing ground of putting in order in the step () first, band sand broadcasted sowing, finish the straw of 5-10 centimetre of bonnet last layer, little shed heats, after bud sends, take off out at twice the straw of covering, allow gradually reform of nature illumination of nursery stock;
Four, transplanting and grafting
When seedling height surpasses 20 centimetres, Rainy season of Yunnan carries out the transplanting of nursery stock temporarily, adopts the seeding row spacing of 20 centimetres of 10 cm x to transplant; Management method is carried out managing and protecting of seedling routinely; Carry out grafting when the nursery stock rugosity during greater than 0.75 centimetre, use bud grafting autumn, adopt cut-grafting spring;
Five, outplanting
Two weeks can check survival rate after the grafting, when the young sprout height of buddering during greater than 15 centimetres, chose out the plastic film of colligation with cutter, and the grafting management is Routine Management; Seedling height goes out the garden during greater than 100 centimetres.
CN 201210033351 2012-02-15 2012-02-15 Method for breeding and cultivating high-quality Yunnan cherry seedlings Active CN102577794B (en)

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Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103168598B (en) * 2013-04-07 2014-12-31 昆明东山林果科技开发有限公司 Cultivation method for achieving large cherry high yield on low-latitude and high-altitude areas
CN104186209B (en) * 2014-07-29 2017-03-15 大连佛伦德农业科技有限公司 Large cherry high quality seedling mating system
CN104186264A (en) * 2014-08-20 2014-12-10 昆明金厘子农业科技有限公司 Cherry dwarf dense planting technology
CN104221729A (en) * 2014-08-20 2014-12-24 昆明金厘子农业科技有限公司 Chinese Cherry seedling breeding cultivation method
CN104982293A (en) * 2015-07-10 2015-10-21 江苏福泰农业科技有限公司 Cherry planting method
CN105409603B (en) * 2015-12-02 2018-03-06 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 A kind of oriental cherry is combined potted plant and preparation method thereof with cherry
CN107624470A (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-01-26 普定县顺和水果苗木种植有限公司 A kind of car li cultural method
CN110393120A (en) * 2019-08-02 2019-11-01 广西大学 It is a kind of suitable kind in the cherry sapling multiplication breeding method of Guangxi high and cold mountain area
CN112913489A (en) * 2021-01-20 2021-06-08 云南帅豪农牧科技有限公司 High-survival-rate cherry grafting and breeding method

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JP2002335760A (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-26 Mitsuo Ozawa Method for grafting thick branch with many cherry flower buds
KR20100057556A (en) * 2010-04-26 2010-05-31 원은미 Graft a cherry tree upon japanese flowering cherry
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Address after: The new road Chahe town of Rudong County in Jiangsu province Nantong City, No. 11, 226400

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Address after: No. 15, Hebin Road, Chahe Town, Rudong County, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 226000

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