CN109070722A - 动力传递装置 - Google Patents

动力传递装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109070722A
CN109070722A CN201680085333.6A CN201680085333A CN109070722A CN 109070722 A CN109070722 A CN 109070722A CN 201680085333 A CN201680085333 A CN 201680085333A CN 109070722 A CN109070722 A CN 109070722A
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China
Prior art keywords
mentioned
power source
clutch
pump
axis
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Granted
Application number
CN201680085333.6A
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English (en)
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CN109070722B (zh
Inventor
相川政士
松本尚之
河野笃志
阮维山
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GKN Automotive Ltd
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GKN Driveline Japan Ltd
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Priority to CN202111169712.2A priority Critical patent/CN113915307B/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/12—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/12—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
    • F16D25/14—Fluid pressure control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
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    • F16H57/037—Gearboxes for accommodating differential gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
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    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
    • F16H57/0423—Lubricant guiding means mounted or supported on the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes or pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
    • F16H57/0424—Lubricant guiding means in the wall of or integrated with the casing, e.g. grooves, channels, holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H57/0428—Grooves with pumping effect for supplying lubricants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F16H57/0441—Arrangements of pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
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    • F16H57/045—Lubricant storage reservoirs, e.g. reservoirs in addition to a gear sump for collecting lubricant in the upper part of a gear case
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0476—Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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Abstract

从第一动力源以及第二动力源向车轴输出转矩的动力传递装置具备：结合于上述第一动力源的第一轴；差动地向上述车轴分配上述转矩的差速器；驱动性地将上述第一轴与上述差速器结合的第一齿轮组；结合于上述第二动力源的第二轴；驱动性地结合于上述第二轴的第二齿轮组；承受流体压力且以能切断的方式将上述第二齿轮组结合于上述第一齿轮组的离合器；以及泵，其至少通过从上述第一动力源以及上述离合器独立的第三动力源驱动并产生上述流体压力，以从上述离合器离开的方式配置，为了供给上述流体压力而流体连结于上述离合器。

Description

动力传递装置
技术领域
本发明涉及在组合了两个以上的电动电机或内燃机的车辆中用于向车轴传递转矩的动力传递装置。
背景技术
近年来，为了提高能量效率，将两种以上的动力源组合的车辆上市。其代表的示例是所谓混合动力汽车。内燃机的输出不仅是车辆的驱动，也利用于电池的充电，此时电机作为发电机而发挥作用，接收内燃机的输出的一部分进行发电。另外，在普遍的情况下，在车辆减速时电机也作为发电机而起作用，将车辆的惯性能量作为电力而再生。即，转矩在两个以上的动力源与车轴之间需要在三个方向上获得。若使那样的动力传递成为可能，装置常常会变得复杂且庞大。另一方面，由于机舱内必须搭载两个以上的动力源，因此可利用的空间比现有的车辆少。在难以确保自由空间的车辆内，两种以上的动力源以及动力传递装置的布局是困难的问题。
专利文献1公开相关技术。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本国专利公开2009-072052号
发明内容
在将电动电机作为主动力源的混合动力汽车中，该电动电机当然是大型的，在机舱内占有相当的容积。例如，若电动电机配置于机舱的左侧，作为副动力源的内燃机以与之并列的方式配置于右侧，则为了配置动力传递装置而不得不利用其间仅有的间隙。而且若从动力系统中分离作为副动力源的内燃机的方式在动力传递装置中也搭载离合器以及驱动离合器的驱动器，则这些尤其在宽度方向上占有相当程度的大小，布局问题成为格外难的问题。鉴于该问题，创造出以下装置。
根据一方案，从第一动力源以及第二动力源向车轴输出转矩的动力传递装置具备：与上述第一动力源结合的第一轴；向上述车轴差动性地分配上述转矩的差速器；驱动性地将上述第一轴和上述差速器结合的第一齿轮组；与上述第二动力源结合的第二轴；驱动性地与上述第二轴结合的第二齿轮组；承受流体压力而以能切断的方式驱动性地将上述第二齿轮组结合于上述第一齿轮组的离合器；以及泵，其至少由从上述第一动力源以及上述离合器独立的第三动力源驱动并产生上述流体压力，从上述离合器离开地配置，为了供给上述流体压力而流体连结于上述离合器。
附图说明
图1是车辆的概括的部件线图。
图2是一实施方式中的动力传递装置的立体图。
图3是动力传递装置的其他立体图，是观察与图2相反侧的图。
图4是动力传递装置的侧视图。
图5是动力传递装置的剖视图，是从图4的线VI-VI获取的图。
图6是将液压发生装置的附近扩大而观察的侧视图。
图7是其他实施方式中的动力传递装置的立体图。
图8是图7所示的动力传递装置的其他立体图，是观察与图7相反侧的图。
图9是动力传递装置的侧视图。
图10是动力传递装置的内部的侧视图。
图11是动力传递装置的剖视图，是从图9、10的线XI-XI获取的图。
具体实施方式
参照图1至图11说明以下几个示例的实施方式。
在各图中，F表示前，A表示后，R表示右，L表示左，U表示上，D表示下，这些区别只是为了说明方便，可以是更换左右、或更换前后的实施方式。
本实施方式中的动力传递装置用于在第一动力源(电动电机)、第二动力源(包括发电机的内燃机)以及车轴间向三方向传递转矩的用途，例如适用于混合动力汽车。图1表示动力传递装置适用于混合动力汽车的前车轴，当然也能够适用于后车轴。
参照图1，车辆大概具备用于驱动前车轮的动力传递装置1、用于后车轮的齿轮箱15。齿轮箱15包括允许右及左的车轴间的差动的差速器，但也可以包括驱动后车轮的电动电机、其他装置。另外，为了电力控制，在各元件通过接线W连接电子控制单元(ECU)11。在ECU11连接电池13，通过接线W向各元件供给电力。
在动力传递装置1上，作为其构成元件、或作为外部元件结合电动电机3、发电机5以及内燃机7。电动电机3在本实施方式中是驱动车辆的主动力源，内燃机7与发电机5的组合是副动力源。详细内容后述，电动电机3通过齿轮组驱动性地总是结合于前车轴，但内燃机7与发电机5的组合仅在连结离合器9时与这些驱动性地结合。
内燃机7如上所述为副动力源，驱动发电机5进行发电。内燃机7如已经熟知那样，能够利用汽油机至柴油机，但也可以利用其它形式的内燃机、或如果可以的话可以利用外燃机。
发电机5产生的电力被用于电池13的充电，还通过电池13向发电机5自身、电动电机3以及各种电装部件供给，并用于这些部件的驱动。另外，也能够向发电机5中投入电力而用于内燃机7的启动。
并且，在对车辆进行制动时，电动电机3被用于发电并再生能量，还可向发电机5投入电力而驱动车辆。即，如果容量、尺寸的问题另当别论，则在电动电机3与发电机5之间在功能方面上没有本质的不同。
参照图2，例如电动电机3与发电机5关于动力传递装置1的壳体21能够配置于同侧，可以与壳体21为一体，也可以是其内部。电动电机3与发电机5的轴能够相互平行。参照图3，内燃机7能配置于与这些相反侧，另外，也可以与动力传递装置1为不同个体而通过螺栓等相互固定。内燃机7的旋转轴也能够与电动电机3、发电机5的轴平行，另外，例如通过花键结合而结合在从壳体21向外部拉出的传动轴37。用于驱动后述的泵17的电动电机19(第三动力源)能够配置于与内燃机7同侧。
或者，这些配置代替图示结构可有多种变形。例如，发电机5关于壳体21可以是与内燃机7相同侧，在该情况下这些可以配置于同轴上。另外，电动电机3与发电机5可以是同轴。
参照图4、5，动力传递装置1大概具备驱动性地结合于电动电机3的第一齿轮组25、向右以及左的前车轴差动性地分配转矩的差速器27、驱动性地结合于内燃机7以及发电机5的第二齿轮组29。差速器27的侧面齿轮分别面向动力传动装置1的壳体21的两侧，分别花键结合于右以及左的前车轴。在差速器27上如图示能够适用伞齿轮式的差动齿轮组、或可以利用面齿轮式、伞齿轮式等任意形式的差动齿轮组。或者代替差动齿轮组，可以利用可独立控制左右车轴的离合器。
壳体21能够分割为两个以上，能通过螺栓等相互结合。在结合时壳体21包围单一的空间，在该空间收纳各轴、差速器27、齿轮组25、29、泵17以及离合器9并可旋转地进行支持。为了与车轴、动力源的结合而具有几个开口，这些通过适当的封闭机构能够液密地封闭，因此内部的润滑油不会漏出。
第一齿轮组25驱动性地总是结合于差速器27，因此，在电动电机3与车轴之间在双方向上获得转矩。另一方面，离合器9介于第二齿轮组29与差速器27之间，由于其间能切断，因此仅在离合器9连结时内燃机7以及发电机5参与车辆的驱动。
更详细的说，动力传递装置1具备驱动性地结合于电动电机3的第一传动轴31，其一端面向壳体21的外部。该一端可以具备用于结合的花键。第一传动轴31作为一体或分体还具备小齿轮22，与差速器27具备的内齿轮35驱动性地结合。在其间可以插入具备内齿轮24以及小齿轮26的中间轴33。这些相互啮合的齿轮构成第一齿轮组25。在这些齿轮中能够适用斜齿齿轮，或可以是正齿轮等其他形式。
为了在更高转速区域中运用电动电机3，第一齿轮组25能为减速齿轮。第一齿轮组25通过内齿轮35使差速器27旋转，因此电动电机3的转矩差动性地分配至右以及左的前车轴。
动力传递装置1还具备第二传动轴37，其一端被向壳体21的外部拉出并结合于内燃机7。该一端可以具备用于结合的花键。干式离合器、转矩减震器之类的其他装置介于内燃机7与轴37之间。
发电机5直接结合于第二传动轴37、或结合于与第二传动轴37为不同个体的从动轴39。从动轴39也可以在其一端具备花键。传动轴37作为一体或不同个体具备内齿轮28，传动轴39具备与该内齿轮28啮合的小齿轮30，这些构成第二齿轮组29。在这些齿轮中也能适用斜齿齿轮或其他方式。
为了在更高转速区域中运用发电机5，在从发电机5观察时第二齿轮组29也能为减速齿轮。在从内燃机7观察时第二齿轮组29能够为等速或增速齿轮。
内齿轮41以能够相对于离合器9的轴53相对旋转的方式嵌合，内齿轮41与第二齿轮组29啮合。另外，与差速器27的内齿轮35啮合的小齿轮43与轴53花键结合，这些可以以与内齿轮41在轴向上邻接的方式配置。
根据从图5中进一步理解，这些全部的轴能相互平行，并且各齿轮还能排列于与这些轴正交的一个平面附近。所以，动力传递装置1的整体在宽度方向上能够极小。另外根据从图4中进一步理解，不需要在同一平面上排列这些轴，例如能够在更上方配置第一传动轴31以及第二传动轴37、在更下方配置差速器27以及离合器9的轴53。由此，使轴31、37靠近，因此在前后方向且上下方向上也能够使动力传动装置1的整体变小。
返回图5进行参照，离合器9具备与轴53固定地结合的离合器鼓55、与内齿轮41固定地结合的离合器从动盘毂57，这些同轴且成为套盒。与离合器鼓55以及离合器从动盘毂57分别结合的多个离合器片交替地排列，该多个离合器片构成多板离合器。或者代替多板离合器可以利用适当的摩擦离合器、或花键、挡块、同步锥等的其他形式的离合器。
为了在轴向上向离合器9施加按压力，能如泵17供给的液压那样利用流体压力。为了储存加压流体，能够在离合器9的一端上结合油箱61。在油箱61的内部开有后述的流路69，通过从泵17供给的加压流体注满。另外，油箱61还通过例如贯通轴53的流路而流体连通于离合器鼓55内。油箱61还可以包含储压器，这有利于维持恒定的压力。这有利于减少使用于加压的动力源持续地进行工作的必要性、进而抑制能量浪费。
若泵17通过油箱61带来按压力，则离合器9连接，如果除去按压力则脱离连结。以切换加压与泄压的目的，流路69可以具备接通·断开阀63，阀63的开闭可以通过ECU11控制。
组合图4、5并参照图6，泵17优选关于壳体21以与离合器9为相同侧且从离合器9离开的方式配置。壳体21具备流路69，流路69将泵17流体连通于离合器9的油箱61中。由于泵17从油箱61分离，因此离合器9在轴向上是比较小的尺寸，这有助于使动力传递装置1的整体在宽度方向上变小。流路69可以其整体贯通壳体21，或者局部地包括不同的管且该管与壳体21的外部或内部接合。鉴于制造便宜或设计的自由度能够自由选择。
泵17在壳体21中配置于适当低的位置、如相比于发电机5靠下方。该位置在壳体21上靠近最下点，因此成为油积存处，驱动离合器9之后的动作油F1下降。泵17优选通过过滤器65吸起动作油F1，通过转子67的旋转将动作油加压，通过流路69向油箱61供给加压流体F2。
根据从图6中所理解，泵17能够为与油箱61大致相同的高度，或流路69大致水平。在吸起动作油并加压而通过流路69向油箱61供给的过程中，动作油经过的高低差仅是一点点，压力损失也小。即，该配置显著地有益于减小能量损失。
在泵17中能够利用齿轮泵、叶轮泵或柱塞泵中任一个。无论利用哪个泵的情况下，泵17从壳体21突出的部分都相比于发电机、与其他元件能够充分地变小。
为了驱动泵17也能够利用任何动力源，例如将转子67与轴53、差速器27或第一齿轮组25中任一个驱动性地结合，因此能将电动电机3用作泵17的驱动源。可是，该情况下，在停车时泵17也会停止，由于不能维持油箱61内的流体压力，因此不能连结离合器9。为了在停车中也使离合器进行动作，优选利用从这些中独立的动力源。
作为那样的第三动力源，能够利用已经叙述的电动电机19。电动电机19由于可以相比较于其他动力源为小的输出，因此能够使其尺寸变小。因此，电动电机19从壳体21的突出相比较于发电机5、其他元件能够充分地变小。电动电机19关于壳体21能够配置于与泵17相反侧，其轴18贯通壳体21并能够直接连结于转子67。因此，电动电机19与泵17的组合相对于动力传递装置1的宽度方向并不会占有大的空间。
如果利用电动电机19则能够自由地选择泵17的配置，如图4所示，泵17与离合器9一起配置于相比于第一传动轴31、第二传动轴37以及差速器27的轴靠下方。该位置由于是死角，因此该配置不会压迫机舱内的自由空间。而且该位置由于能够承受车辆行驶时产生的气流，因此明显有利于冷却电动电机19以及泵17。包括这些的流体压力系统的整体耐久性提高。另外，电动电机19以及泵17选择避免由周围的可动部件产生的干涉的配置变得容易。
另外，电动电机19能够随时利用储存于电池13中的电力进行驱动，即使车辆停止、或内燃机7失速也可驱动离合器9。由于能根据需要立刻将副动力源用于车辆的驱动中，因此这有助于相对于驾驶员的操作的车辆的反馈的改善。另外，离合器9的驱动能够通过对泵17的电力接通·断开直接控制，因此不需要控制液压回路的阀。
当然，也可以利用接通·断开阀。而且，如果将接通·断开阀与储压器组合，则能限制电动电机19的工作而有助于抑制能量的浪费，还能使离合器9的动作变得迅速。
或者，由于转子67能够靠近发电机5而配置，因此可以通过齿轮组驱动性地将发电机5结合于转子67，因此可以将发电机5作为泵17的动力源。即使在该情况下，也不论车辆是否停止都能驱动离合器9。
主要参照图7至11在以下说明其他实施方式。根据已经叙述的，为了驱动泵17，能代替电动电机19而利用从电动电机3以及离合器9独立的其他动力源，本实施方式是将发电机5以及/或内燃机7作为动力源而利用的示例。
根据从图7至9所理解，已经说明的电动电机3、发电机5、内燃机7以及离合器9即使在本实施方式中也能够原样利用，另外这些配置也不需要实质性地改变。例如，通过各轴的中心的剖视图即使在本实施方式中也与图5相同。
参照图10、11，本实施方式中的动力传递装置1为了将发电机5以及/或内燃机7作为动力源而利用，具备第三齿轮组。第三齿轮组配置于壳体21的内侧，由内齿轮28、与内齿轮28啮合的内齿轮71构成。或者，内齿轮71可以与小齿轮30结合。而且，轴37具备与内齿轮28独立的其他齿轮，内齿轮71可以与其他齿轮啮合。
根据已经所述，内齿轮28驱动性地结合于内燃机7、小齿轮30驱动性地结合于发电机5，另外，内齿轮28与小齿轮30相互啮合。因此，在内燃机7与发电机5的任一个进行动作时，内齿轮71旋转，因此轴18旋转。
内齿轮28或其他齿轮的齿宽、及内齿轮71的齿宽分别能够适当地增大。并且，如果是充足的齿宽，则内齿轮71的啮合率提高，这有助于振动的降低与安静性的提高。
与之前的实施方式相同，能够利用从壳体21向外方突出的泵17，或者代替该结构能够利用被收纳于壳体21内的泵17U。通过将图8、9与图3、4比较能够理解，本实施方式中的壳体21在泵17U的附近无论宽度方向还是前后方向都能够更小型化。
例如在利用次摆线泵的形式的情况下，泵17U具备与轴18结合并一起旋转的内转子67、嵌合于这些的外周且能旋转的外转子68、与这些之间的空间连通的流路66、69。
内转子67的外周呈星形。外转子68与之对应地具备呈星形的内周，嵌合于内转子67，但相对于内转子67偏心。伴随内转子67的旋转，外转子68也旋转，但由于偏心，内转子67与外转子68之间的空间反复扩大与缩小。伴随扩大，吸入侧流路66内的动作油被吸入该空间，伴随缩小，向送出侧流路69推出。
泵17U在壳体21的内部的空间21E能配置于最下点附近，另外最下点为油积存处21R。即，能够在泵17U的正下方配置油积存处21R。油积存处21R与吸入侧流路66连通，泵17U吸起动作油F1，通过转子67、68的旋转对此加压，通过流路69向油箱61中供给加压流体F2。
由于油积存处21R与流路69能够为大致相同的高度，因此泵17能够以很少的能量损失供给加压流体。另外，如果油积存处21R为其正下方，则动作油所经过的流路长度最短。即，该配置明显有助于使能量损失小。
并且，在本实施方式中、或之前的实施方式中，动力传递装置1能具备使第一齿轮组25停止的停车锁定机构23。
在想要驱动离合器9时，离合器9未连结。此时，第三齿轮组从第一齿轮组25、差速器27脱离，因此，泵17U的旋转从此时自由。即，即使车辆停止，只要内燃机7与发电机5的任一个进行动作，则能利用其驱动力驱动离合器9。发电机5在本实施方式中也能够享受随时利用储存于电池13中的电力进行驱动的优点。在能够使壳体21小型化的方面上，本实施方式比之前的实施方式有利。
在上述的全部实施方式中共通，第二动力源或第三动力源驱动的泵17、17U供给的被加压的动作油不仅向离合器9还向动力传递装置1整体传递，润滑电动电机3、发电机5、各轴、齿轮以及轴承等。或者，还将流路69连结于停车锁定机构23而可以用于其切换(例如，利用向双向缸体的液压供给的动作状态的切换)。另外，该被加压的动作油也有助于电动电机3、发电机5的冷却。
并且，作为第二动力源，可以是发电机与内燃机的任何一方，当然也可以是两者的组合。另外，电动电机、发电机的各壳体既可以是与壳体21一体，或者可以是不同个体。另外，电动电机、发电机的转子以及定子可以是壳体21的内部，或者也可以是外部。
根据已叙述，在泵17、17U中也能利用齿轮泵、叶轮泵或柱塞泵中任一个，另外，也能利用螺杆泵那样的其它适当的形式。无论利用哪个的情况下，都不会阻碍将泵17、17收纳于壳体21内。或者泵17、17U向壳体21的外方突出、或配置于壳体21的外侧的情况下，也不会占有大量的空间，是隐藏于发电机5下方的程度。因此，能够使壳体21小型化。
调压阀能位于送出侧流路69上且优选靠近泵17、17U而插入。调压阀能够调节加压流体F2的流量、且不会增大流路阻力。从调压阀排出的动作油可以不通过过滤器65而在靠近泵17、17U的位置回收于吸入侧流路66。该排出油不会落下到油积存处21R，不会增大动作油的吸入的阻力。
除了泵17、17U，还可以追加其他泵。该泵例如可以连结于电动电机17的轴18，或者可以从其他轴中获取驱动力。通过利用该泵，能够在壳体21内增大润滑油的循环，提高各元件的冷却效率。
说明了几个实施方式，但能基于上述公开内容进行实施方式的修正或变形。
产业上的可利用性
提供一种解决布局的问题的动力传递装置。

Claims (8)

1.一种动力传递装置，其从第一动力源以及第二动力源向车轴输出转矩，该动力传递装置的特征在于，
具备：
与上述第一动力源结合的第一轴；
向上述车轴差动性地分配上述转矩的差速器；
驱动性地结合上述第一轴和上述差速器的第一齿轮组；
与上述第二动力源结合的第二轴；
驱动性地与上述第二轴结合的第二齿轮组；
承受流体压力且以能切断的方式驱动性地将上述第二齿轮组结合于上述第一齿轮组的离合器；以及
泵，其至少由从上述第一动力源以及上述离合器独立的第三动力源驱动并产生上述流体压力，以从上述离合器离开的方式配置，为了供给上述流体压力而流体连结于上述离合器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力传递装置，其特征在于，
上述泵以及上述离合器配置于比上述第一轴、上述第二轴以及上述差速器的轴靠下方。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的动力传递装置，其特征在于，
还具备：
壳体，其包围单一的空间，以在上述空间中收纳上述第一轴以及第二轴、上述差速器、上述第一齿轮组以及第二齿轮组、上述泵、上述离合器的方式确定尺寸；以及
贯通上述壳体且将上述泵和上述离合器流体连结的流路。
4.根据权利要求3所述的动力传递装置，其特征在于，
作为上述第三动力源还具备与上述泵的旋转轴结合的电动电机，
上述电动电机从上述第二动力源独立，配置于上述壳体的外侧。
5.根据权利要求3所述的动力传递装置，其特征在于，
还具备通过上述第二齿轮组驱动性地与上述第二轴结合的第三轴，
上述泵配置于比上述第三轴靠下方。
6.根据权利要求3所述的动力传递装置，其特征在于，
上述流路水平。
7.根据权利要求3所述的动力传递装置，其特征在于，
作为上述第三动力源还具备驱动性地与上述第二动力源结合的第三齿轮组，
上述第三齿轮组配置于上述壳体的内侧。
8.根据权利要求7所述的动力传递装置，其特征在于，
还具备配置于上述泵的正下方的油积存处。
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