CN1085276C - 仿革片材及其制造方法 - Google Patents
仿革片材及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1085276C CN1085276C CN98801789A CN98801789A CN1085276C CN 1085276 C CN1085276 C CN 1085276C CN 98801789 A CN98801789 A CN 98801789A CN 98801789 A CN98801789 A CN 98801789A CN 1085276 C CN1085276 C CN 1085276C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- macromolecular elastomer
- base material
- leather
- nonwoven fabric
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
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- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 26
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N‐diethylformamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C=O SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DQFBYFPFKXHELB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chalcone Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DQFBYFPFKXHELB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [cyclohexyl(diisocyanato)methyl]cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N=C=O)(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XMEXYUIRYSLNKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 XMEXYUIRYSLNKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
- D06N3/145—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes two or more layers of polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/904—Artificial leather
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2008—Fabric composed of a fiber or strand which is of specific structural definition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
- Y10T442/2049—Each major face of the fabric has at least one coating or impregnation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
- Y10T442/2049—Each major face of the fabric has at least one coating or impregnation
- Y10T442/2057—At least two coatings or impregnations of different chemical composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
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- Y10T442/2139—Coating or impregnation specified as porous or permeable to a specific substance [e.g., water vapor, air, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2139—Coating or impregnation specified as porous or permeable to a specific substance [e.g., water vapor, air, etc.]
- Y10T442/2148—Coating or impregnation is specified as microporous but is not a foam
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2861—Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
- Y10T442/2893—Coated or impregnated polyamide fiber fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
- Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Abstract
一种仿革片材,它包含:单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束所组成的非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)所形成的基材(I),以及在基材(I)的至少单面上形成高分子弹性体(C)组成的表面多孔层(D)及表面整理层(E)组成的粒面表面层(II),特征在于,基材(I)的表观密度、基材(I)中的非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)的重量比、粒面表面层(II)的厚度、仿革片材的纵向、横向的20%伸长载荷(σ20)/5%伸长载荷(σ5)的比均在各自的规定范围之内。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及轻薄、柔软性佳、冲击回弹性低、且强度高的仿袋鼠革仿革片材及其制造方法。更详细地,本发明涉及具有高层间剥离强度与透湿性及透气性优异的仿袋鼠革仿革片材及其制造方法。
技术背景
先有技术中,已提出各种有关具天然仿革的柔软性的仿革片材。例如:于单丝纤度·1de以下的超细纤维所组成的缠结非织布中浸渍聚氨酯树脂让非织布接受湿式凝固就获得基材,在其上制备一层层合膜,方法是:在脱模纸上涂布聚氨酯树脂,或在基材上涂布聚氨酯溶液,所获聚氨酯树脂涂层非织布再度湿式凝固后,使聚氨酯树脂着色涂料通过照相凹板滚辊涂层上去;或于海岛多组分纤维所组成缠结非织布中浸渍聚氨酯,湿式凝固后,以溶剂去除多组分纤维之一后,做成0.2de以下的超细纤维束,该超细纤维束所形成的基材上进行上述的表面加工,该内容载于特公昭63-5518号公报等。虽然,此等仿革片材具有接近天然皮革的柔软度,却无法兼并具有柔软性、身骨及类皮革的低冲击回弹性,更无法取得良好透气性与透湿性。
又,作为柔软性佳,身骨挺括的人工皮革者亦被提出以使用高密度非织布,减少浸渍该高密度非织布的树脂量者(特开平4-185777号公报),但,表面柔软度不佳,层间强度亦弱,严格条件下做为鞋子的皮革材料为不足者,且透气性、透湿性亦不佳。
本发明的目的是以提供一种轻薄、柔软性佳、冲击回弹性小、强度高的仿袋鼠革仿革片材,更详细者是提供具有高层间剥离强度与透湿性及透气性优异的仿袋鼠革仿革片材及其制造方法。
发明的公开
本发明者为达成上述目的,经过大量研究结果发现包含单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束组成的非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)的基材(I)的至少单面上形成包含高分子弹性体(C)组成的表面多孔层(D)及表面整理层(E)的粒面表面层(II)的仿革片材,其特征在于,
(1)基材(1)的表观密度为0.37~0.65g/cm3。
(2)基材(1)中的非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)的重量比为45∶55~69∶31。
(3)粒面表面层(II)的厚度为0.01mm~0.18mm。
(4)仿革片材的纵向、横向20%伸长载荷(σ20)/5%伸长载荷(σ5)的比各为5以上20以下的范围以及其制造方法,进而完成本发明。
实施发明的最佳模式
以下更详细说明本发明。
本发明所使用的仿革片材包括单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束组成的非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)组成的基材(I),及其至少单面上形成的由高分子弹性体(C)所形成的表面多孔层(D)及表面整理层(E)所组成的粒面表面层(II)。
组成该仿革片材的基材(I)的非织布(A)包含单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束。做为形成超细纤维的高分子聚合物,例如是:尼龙6、尼龙66、尼龙12等的聚酰胺,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯等聚酯。超细纤维的单丝纤度为0.2de以下者宜,更理想者为0.1de以下,特别理想者为0.0001~0.05de。又,本文所用单丝纤度以平均单丝纤度者即可。该超细纤维务必呈束状,1束的超细纤维以10~5000根为宜,更佳为100~2000根。
高分子弹性体(B)的例子包括:聚氨酯弹性体、聚脲弹性体、聚氨酯-聚脲弹性体、聚丙烯酸树脂、丙烯腈-丁二烯橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶等等,其中又以聚氨酯类弹性体如聚氨酯弹性体、聚脲弹性体、聚氨酯-聚脲弹性体等为较佳。此等聚氨酯弹性体是选自平均分子量500~4000的聚醚二醇、聚酯二醇、聚酯-醚二醇、聚己内酯二醇、聚碳酸酯二醇等的1种或2种以上的聚合物二醇与选自4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、二甲苯二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、二环己甲烷二异氰酸酯、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯等的有机二异氰酸酯,以及与低分子二醇、二胺、肼、或有机酰肼、氨基酰肼等等的肼衍生物等的增链剂相互反应后所得到者。高分子量弹性体(B)的100%延伸系数为以40~300kg/cm2者宜。当100%延伸系数不足40kg/cm2时则取得的仿革片材虽具柔软性、却缺乏耐热性、耐溶剂性等,反之超出300kg/cm2时,所取得的仿革片材的触感则变硬而不理想。调整高分子弹性体(B)的100%延伸系数到较佳范围的方法,例如在使用聚氨酯弹性体时,可籍由聚合物中有机二异氰酸酯含量与增链剂量的调整较容易地实现。
又,为使该高分子弹性体(B)浸渍到非织布中,通常以有机溶剂溶液或分散液(含水性乳剂)的形态使该高分子弹性体(B)浸渍到非织布中。其中,做为含高分子弹性体(B)的溶剂的溶液者可使用包含二甲基甲酰胺、二乙基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、四氢呋喃等的高分子弹性体(B)的良溶剂的溶液,或于此中混合水、酒精、甲乙酮等溶液等等为佳。含此高分子弹性体(B)的溶剂溶液务必使上述高分子弹性体(B)部分溶解或膨润,因此至少含50%以上的高分子弹性体(B)的溶剂为宜,较理想的以含70%以上者更佳,浸渍用的高分子弹性体(B)的浓度以5~25%为宜,10~20%为更佳者,12~18%为特别理想者。
高分子弹性体(C)可与上述高分子弹性体(B)相类似,但,100%延伸系数以40~150kg/cm2为宜。若100%延伸系数小于40kg/cm2时,则所取得仿革片材虽具柔软性,却缺乏耐磨损性、耐热性、耐溶剂等等,反之,大于150kg/cm2时,所取得仿革片材的触感变硬,耐弯曲性、低温时硬度等性质均不良,因此这种情况是不可取的。
其中,高分子弹性体(C)除可做为基材(I)的组成部份之外,亦可做为表面多孔层(D)。亦即,高分子弹性体(C)是做为表面多孔层(D)涂布在已浸渍了高分子弹性(B)的非织布(A)的至少一面上,随后,让高分子弹性体浸渍到已被高分子弹性体(B)所浸渍的非织布(A)中,使非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)的重量比为45∶55~69∶31的范围。其中,非织布(A)的重量是指超细化处理后的重量。当高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)的总含量小于31%时,则非织布(A)中的高分子弹性体的绝对量太少,冲击回弹性虽小,但高分子弹性体对非织布(A)的补强效果变小,材料作为鞋之类使用的条件极严格的用途上强度就嫌不足,产生变型等问题。反之,大于55%时,则冲击回弹性太强而不理想。又,如此籍由将高分子弹性体(C)浸渍到已被高分子弹性体(B)所浸渍的非织布(A)中后,可提高基材(I)与粒面表面层(II)间的剥离强度,较理想可增加到高达2.5kg/cm。
基材(I)的表观密度以0.37~0.65g/cm3者为宜,较佳者为0.39~0.60g/cm3者。
如上所述,表面多孔层(D)形成于上述基材(I)的至少单面上,该表面多孔层(D)是包含高分子弹性体(C)的多孔层。在该表面多孔层(D)的表面再形成一个整理层(E)。其中,表面整理层(E)是能维持高外观品位、耐久性、耐磨损性、耐气候性、耐变色性的高分子弹性体构成是重要的。具体而言,整理层(E)的例子包括:聚氨酯聚合物,聚氨基酸树脂、聚酰胺树脂、聚丙烯酸树脂等。表面整理层(E)其涂布的聚合物的100%延伸系数为60~150kg/cm2时,则厚度优选为5~100μm,若100%延伸系数为150~300kg/cm2时则厚度以3~30μm为宜。此表面多孔层(D)与表面整理层(E)合起来称为粒面表面层(II)。该粒面表面层(II)的厚度为0.01mm~0.18mm者,较佳者为0.05mm~0.15mm者。粒面表面层(II)中以存在微细孔者佳,表面的孔径0.5μm~40μm的微细孔至少有50个/cm2者佳。
本发明仿革片材具优异的透湿性及透气性、透湿度至少为5mg/cm2·hr,透气性至少为0.5l/cm2·hr者为宜。进一步,本发明仿革片材的纵向及横向的20%伸长载荷(σ20)/5%伸长载荷(σ5)的比务必为5以上20以下。此比若小于5时,则柔软性不佳,具有易伸长的性质,上限虽愈高愈佳,但,现行技术上若超出20则有困难。当比例控制在此特定范围时,所取得的仿革片材其触感柔,且,即使加以大变形力仍不伸长过多,具有一定的极限伸长状态。
本发明的仿革片材包括:包含单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束所组成的非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)的基材(I),在其至少一面上形成高分子弹性体(C)所组成的表面多孔层(D)与表面整理层(E)所组成的粒面表面层(II),该仿革片材的制造方法可包括:
(5)为了制造基材(I),由可转化为超细纤维束的纤维所组成的非织布(a)接受高分子弹性体(B)溶液的浸渍,使该非织布(a)其厚度为95%以下的间隙下进行压缩,挤压后,于未恢复压缩时涂布高分子弹性体(C)溶液,将其部份浸渍于该非织布(a)中,随后让该非织布(a)中的高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)在与组成该非织布(a)的可转化为超细纤维束的纤维呈实质上不接触的状态下凝固,然后,处理过的非织布(a)再接受去除溶剂、干燥的处理。
(6)使高分子弹性体(C)组成的表面多孔层(D)形成在基材(I)的至少单面上,之后,对非织布(a)进行超细化处理,然后,所获得的非织布接受压榨处理,处理的温度应满足介于其高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)的软化温度-100℃~软化温度-10℃的温度范围,结果使表面上形成表面整理层(E)之前或之后的厚度减为原厚度的60%~95%。
(7)将包含该基材(I)与该粒面表面层(II)的仿革片材进行磨毛加工,以便使仿革片材的纵向及横向的20%伸长载荷(σ20)/5%伸长载荷(σ5)的比为5以上20以下者。
单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束所组成的非织布(A)的生产过程是:首先用可转化为单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束的纤维制成非织布(a),浸渍高分子弹性体后,进行超细化处理,做成由单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束所组成的非织布(A)。亦即,所谓可转化为单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束的纤维是指,籍由溶剂处理或溶解分裂处理等处理可做成单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束的纤维。做为该可转化为超细纤维束的纤维如:包含多组分的高分子聚合物的复合纤维,做为复合纤维的形态者如:海岛型、并列型等例,而以海岛型为较理想者。所使用复合纤维高分子聚合物的种类除上述聚酰胺、聚酯之外,还包括如:聚乙烯、聚丙烯、高分子量聚乙二醇、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯等例。
下面,本发明仿革片材的制造方法以具体例进行说明。
海岛型复合纤维的可转化为超细纤维束的纤维籍以先行公知的梳棉机、散乱铺网、交叉铺网机等形成纤网。所取得的纤网沿厚度方向以500~3000条/cm2,特别理想以800~2000条/cm2的钩针穿刺密度进行针刺,使可转化为超细纤维束的纤维缠结为非织布(a)。当钩针穿刺密度少于500根/cm2时,则非织布的缠结不足使得强度降低,以此做成的仿正绒面革人造革书写效应(writing effect)不足而不理想。又,钩针穿刺密度大于3000根/cm2者则针剌密度过度进使得缠结纤维的损伤加大,造成非织布(A)的移让现象(yielding phenomenon)而不理想。其中,所谓钩针穿刺密度是指做为使用的针至少具1个倒钩者使用的,位于最顶端的倒钩穿透纤网厚度条件下每cm2穿刺的数目。所取得非织布(a)进行加热处理后,使复合纤维的海组分软化后,以压延滚辊进行加压处理后,进行调整厚度,表观密度及面平滑性者宜。此调整可依所期待的仿革片材的用途而任意设定,但,由平滑面观之,以非织布的厚度为0.4~6.0mm、表观密度为0.25~0.45g/cm3者为较理想者。此时以加热的压延滚辊为优选,因为,这样可同时进行加热处理及加压处理。
如此取得的非织布(A)中浸渍高分子弹性体(B)的溶液或分散液,然后聚合物凝固制成基材(I)。
又,为使上述高分子弹性体(B)浸渍于非织布(a)中,通常,将该高分子弹性体(B)以有机溶剂溶解制成溶液或分散液(包括含水乳液)的形态浸渍于非织布(a)中。其中,做为含高分子弹性体(B)的溶剂的溶液者可以是包含二甲基甲酰胺、二乙基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、四氢呋喃等的高分子弹性体(B)的良溶剂的溶液等等。浸渍用的高分子弹性体(B)的浓度由做为仿革片材的柔软性等方面视之,以5~25%者为宜,10~20%者为特佳,12~18%则更为理想。
所取得的基材被压缩为原来基材厚度的95%以下,较佳者为60~95%,更理想为65~95%,然后于该压缩未恢复时将高分子弹性体(C)的溶液进行涂布,以便使其部份浸渍于该非织布(a)之中,再使该非织布(a)中的高分子弹性体(B)与形成该非织布(a)的可转化为超细纤维束的纤维以实质上不相接触的状态下进行凝固,去溶剂、干燥。其中,所谓「不相接触的状态下凝固」是指使包围着可转化为超细纤维束的纤维的高分子弹性体(B)及(C)在凝固后使得在纤维交叉部及非交叉部中可转化为超细纤维束的纤维不是整个被粘合,而是部分粘合,从而在弹性体与纤维之间留有空隙。为取得此凝固形态,于非织布(a)的纤维表面上预先以防止高分子弹性体(B)及(C)与可转化为超细纤维的纤维粘合的有机硅氧烷、氟化合物等物质进行处理,或,调整高分子弹性体(B)及(C)的溶液中湿式凝固剂、多孔调整剂等的添加量,籍由疏水性/亲水性平衡的变化,可使超细纤维与该高分子弹性体(B)及(C)分别地凝固。
再于此高分子弹性体(C)的表面上,以50~250目的凹槽滚筒将含该高分子弹性体(C)溶剂的溶液涂布,使表皮层部份溶解形成开放孔。具体而言,高分子弹性体(C)为聚氨酯基弹性体时,以上述的凹槽滚筒涂布1~10g/m2的含50~100%的二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺等的溶剂,然后干燥。由网筛滚辊(gravure mesh roll)转移的溶剂可溶解高分子弹性体(C)的多孔质层的表皮层,形成开放孔。在随后的为进行形成超细纤维束的溶剂萃取中,籍由该开放孔可促进萃取溶剂的渗透、扩散,从而可提升萃取速度,提高生产效率。进一步,所取得最终目的物的仿革片材具有高度透气性、透湿性者。
接著,使可转化为超细纤维束的纤维进行超细化处理。其中所谓超细化处理是指,当可转化为超细纤维束的纤维是由海岛型复合纤维所组成时,非织布用海组分的溶剂同时又是高分子弹性体(B)及(C)的非溶剂的溶剂进行处理,又,当可转化为超细纤维束的纤维是由并列型纤维所组成时,则采用能使并列型纤维的一种组分润胀的化学品使非织布发生裂纤的化学处理,或利用高压水流分裂。具体而言,纤维为低密度聚乙烯与尼龙-6的混合纺丝的海岛型复合纤维时,以热甲苯、热二甲苯等溶出低密度聚乙烯的方法,又,尼龙-6与间苯二甲酸钠磺酸酯(isophthalic acid sodium sulfonate)的2~8%共聚后的聚对苯二甲酸乙酯生产的并列型纤维时,浸渍于2~5%的苛性苏打溶液中,或以1~5%的盐酸进行处理,再分别进行中和处理之后,以高压水流分裂等方法者。
进一步,对高分子弹性体(B)的软化温度-10℃~软化温度-100℃的温度范围下进行加热加压,使原厚度减至95~60%。此操作可于形成表面整理层(E)于表面多孔层(D)上的工序之前或之后均可。此时,为使基材(I)的密度尽可能高,而表面多孔层(E)的密度尽可能低,优选让基材(I)侧接触高温面以便提高基材(I)的温度并使非织布在此状态下进行加压。如此维持表面整理层(E)的低密度,和提高基材(I)的密度,仿革片材便可具有近似天然皮革的特有结构的『密实底是与蓬松粒面表面的结构』者,兼具天然皮革特有的身骨(挺括)与表面极细的润滑感(卷曲结构)片材者。此基材(1)的表观密度以0.37~0.65g/cm3为宜,较佳者为0.39~0.60g/cm3者。若基材(1)的表观密度不足0.37g/cm3时,则身骨不良,反之,超出0.65g/cm3则触感粗硬不理想,包含表面多孔层(D)及表面整理层(E)的粒面表面层(II)的表观密度以0.35~0.65g/cm3者宜,较佳者为0.38~0.60g/cm3者。当粒面表面层(II)的表观密度小于0.35g/cm3时,剥离强度将低减,反之大于0.65g/cm3则触感不佳。
加热加压时的温度是于由低于高分子弹性体(B)的软化温度100℃至高分子弹性体(B)的软化温度之间进行者宜。若比高分子弹性体(B)的软化温度高时,则加热加压时将出现熔融,影响触感而不理想,反之比软化温度低100℃以下的低温则即使提高加压压力,提升基材(I)的密度效果亦较小,无法达成本发明的目的。加热加压时,其加压温度与加压压力的关系以满足下式(1)及(2)的条件者为宜。
(SP-100)≤T≤(SP-10)…… (1)
(5×103)≤P×T≤(1×105)…… (2)
[其中,T为滚辊加压(roll press)中的加压温度(℃),P为加压压力(kg/cm)、SP是高分子弹性体(C)的软化温度以(℃)示之。]当P×T小于5×103时则加压效果不令人满意,大于1×105,则厚度变化太大,不理想。加热加压后的厚度为原厚度的95%以上时,则提升基材(I)密度的效果变小,反之60%以下则过度熔结而使触感变更而不理想。加热加压的具体方法如:可使用具有不同滚辊温度的成对滚辊加压器、加热滚辊的皮带加压器、加热室与滚辊加压一并设置者。再由高分子弹性体(C)所组成的表面多孔层(D)的表面上形成表面整理层(E)。涂布方法是将高分子弹性体的有机溶剂溶液籍由照相凹板滚辊涂布、逆辊涂布、喷涂等方法进行涂布。又,亦可于脱模纸上将制成薄膜以粘合剂粘合。其中,形成整理层(E)时,务必不使表面多孔层(D)的开放孔闭合起来。因此必须调整涂布高分子弹性体的溶液的浓度、粘度、涂布后的渗透时间等等。
再于取得的仿革片材上进行揉搓(磨毛)加工。做为揉搓(磨毛)加工的方法如:将片材夹于多个压板上,一个夹板由动力拖动,从而对片材施加揉搓变形,或具有2个组合的突起的刮板间通过片材后,于片材上压入同行进行揉搓(磨毛)的方法。
如此取得的仿革片材不但具良好透气性、透湿性、柔软触感且即使加大变形力亦不会延伸过度,具有某程度延伸极限,进一步,该仿革片材由于其基材(I)与粒面表面层(II)间的剥离强度强因此,可适用于皮革用基材等。
实施例
以下以实施例为代表说明本发明,但本发明并非仅于此实施例。
实施例中,分别的测定项目依下述测定方法测定的。
1)厚度:以弹簧式刻度表(载荷120g/cm2)测定。
2)延伸系数:由树脂薄膜(厚度约0.1mm)裁下的试样在恒速张力计以100%/min进行拉伸试验,读取100%伸长时的载荷换算成以kg/cm2为单位的延伸系数。试样按JIS-K-6301-2号型哑铃样品制备。
3)σ20或σ5:由仿革片材所采取的试验样品以恒速张力计进行伸长试验后以5%、20%伸长时的载荷值示之。试验样品是依JIS-K-6550 5-2-1为基准制备的。
4)软化温度:使用流动试验仪,以升温速度1℃/min,初步载荷2.18kg的条件下测定的,聚合物开始流动的温度做为软化温度。
5)透湿度:依JIS-K-6549。
6)透气度:依JIS-P-8117的方法为基准,籍由Gurley′s densometer测定通过50cc的空气所需时间,并以换算成(1/cm2·hr)的单位值示之。
7)粒面表面层或基材层的表观密度:宽2.5cm×长10cm的试验样品是沿着粒面表面层与基材层间交界面片切获得的,使得该粒面表面层侧片材不包含连续层形式的纤维后,测定粒面表面层侧片材与基材层侧片材分别的厚度与重量然后由这些数据计算各自的表观密度。
8)剥离强度:于宽2.5cm×长15cm的试验样品粒面表面层侧,与相同尺寸的平纹布粘合后的PVC薄片以氨基甲酸酯为粘合剂粘合在一起。此试验样品以2cm之间隔标出记号,将试样分成5区间,并在恒速张力计下以50mm/min的速度进行剥离试验。检验每个区间的剥离强度。记录观察的剥离强度,读取2cm间隔的5区间分别部份的最小值将其5点的平均值换算成以“kg/cm”为单位的数值。
9)表1、表2、表3中,『触感』分为如下等级。
◎:优○:良×:粗硬
10)表1、表2、表3中,「支撑强度(body strength)」分为如下等级。
◎:优○:良×:不足
11)表1、表2、表3中,「表面滑腻感(surface sibo feeling)」分为如下等级。
◎:优○:良×:大皱折[实施例1-(1)、(2)、(3)、比较例1]非织布(A)的制成
尼龙-6与低密度聚乙烯以50/50混合纺丝后,取得纤度4.5de,切断长度51mm的海岛型复合纤维。此以梳棉机与交叉铺网机做成纤网,用针刺机以1000根/cm2的针剌密度进行针刺,再在150℃的热风室加热后于90℃的轧光滚辊(calender roll)进行加热后,取得重量为450g/m2,厚度为1.6mm,表观密度为0.28g/cm3的非织布(a)。
浸渍溶液的制作
以聚四亚甲基二醇(Mw1480)与聚己二酸亚己基酯(Mw1500)按摩尔比50/50混合物做为聚合物二醇,此与二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、乙二醇于二甲基甲酰胺(以下略称「DMF」。)进行反应,取得包含聚氨酯弹性体(100%延伸系数160kg/cm2,软化温度250℃)的高分子弹性体(B)。向所取得高分子弹性体(B)的15%溶液中加入亚烷基醚改性的硅氧烷、甲醇改性的硅氧烷、纤维基添加剂,以及黑色有机调色剂后,制成浸渍溶液。表面涂布液的制作
以聚四亚甲基二醇(Mw1980)与聚六亚甲基的己二酸亚己基酯(Mw2000)按摩尔比为50/50的混合物做为聚合物二醇者,将此与二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、乙二醇于DMF中反应,取得包含聚氨酯弹性体(100%延伸系数90kg/cm2、软化温度180℃)的高分子弹性体(C)。在所取得高分子弹性体(C)的20%溶液中加入亚烷基醚改性硅氧烷、甲醇改性硅氧烷、纤维基添加剂、黑色有机调色剂,制成做为表面多孔层(D)涂布的表面涂布溶液。具多孔层的基材(I)的制作
上述非织布(a)浸渍于上述浸渍溶液中,该浸渍非织布导入旋转的金属滚辊并在钢板簧推动下的刮浆刀作用下压向金属滚辊,并使该浸渍非织布压缩为原厚度的90%,于其出口侧在非织布压缩未恢复时将上述涂布液以550g/m2进行施涂。再将此非织布浸渍于12%的DMF凝固浴中,使浸渍弹性体凝固,水洗去溶剂,进行干燥。之后,浸渍于80℃的热甲苯中,萃取去除海岛型复合纤维的海组分的聚乙烯后,取得超细纤维。所取得超细纤维其平均单丝纤度为0.003de。
经过上述加工,就获得一种片材,其中基材(I)的一面上形成了由高分子弹性体聚合物(C)所组成的表面多孔层(D)。以扫描型电子显微镜观察所取得片材的截面结构揭示,聚氨酯树脂凝固后,在纤维的周围维持些微空隙,因此该片材实质上为非接触结构,且,高分子弹性体(C)潜入基材(I)约0.15mm深。进一步,沿此片材于基材(I)与表面多孔层(D)的界面剖开后,以溶剂萃取法测定基材(I)中的纤维成分与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)之和的比例,结果为56∶44。表面整理层(E)的形成
向含10%聚氨酯树脂(芳香族异氰酸酯为基础的聚酯/聚醚聚氨酯、100%延伸系数:250kg/cm2)的有机溶剂溶液中以添加黑色有机调色剂制成的涂料被用来成形该表面整理层(E)。该涂料于表面多孔层(D)上以110目凹槽滚筒涂布2次,将涂布后的基材干燥之后,利用子牛皮毛孔花纹的花型辊(板)在180℃进行压纹。更于该涂料中加入光泽调整剂(二氧化硅)者以110目凹槽滚筒进行1次滚辊涂布,干燥之。所取得片材其厚度为1.26mm,重量为480g/m2,表观密度为0.38g/cm。轧光处理
再使所取得的片材的基材(I)侧与粒面表面层(II)侧分别与180℃、80℃的平滑金属滚辊进行接触,加压压力以35,200或400kg/cm的线压下以线速度2m/min进行轧光。揉搓(磨毛)加工
揉搓(磨毛)加工
再将取得片材以具远红外线加热的算盘珠(wooden rolls)揉搓(磨毛)器进行揉搓(磨毛)处理。所取得的片材具有优异的柔软性同时基材层(I)的身骨挺括、表面滑腻感佳的仿袋鼠革的仿革片材。取得仿革片材沿基材层(I)与粒面表面层(II)间的界面剖开,测定其基材层(I)与粒面表面层(II)的厚度,表观密度。此特性值示于表1。另外,比较例1不进行轧光处理,亦未进行揉搓(磨毛)加工。其触感粗硬、极大皱折,全然不像真皮。〔实施例2〕
实例1所制成的具有表面多孔层(D)的片材多孔层表面上以凹槽滚筒将DMF∶甲乙酮(以下以「MEK」称之。)=70∶30的混合溶剂涂布,干燥后溶解表面表皮层后形成开放孔。此以同实施例1的热甲苯进行萃取处理从而极细化之。比起实施例1,其片材的表面涂层的溶剂透过性较佳,因而萃取时间缩短了30%。
再将实施例1所使用的表面整理层(E)的聚氨酯涂料以凹槽滚筒进行涂布,其后工序与实施例1同法进行。所取得片材的特性示于表1。比起实施例1,其透气性、透湿度较佳。又,所取得片材的表面以扫描型电子显微镜进行照相揭示,表面存在112个/cm2的0.5~15μm的微细孔。〔实施例3-(1)、(2)、比较例2及比较例3〕
使用与实施例(1)所制成的高分子弹性体(B)相同原料,变更其置入量,在实例3-(1)和3-(2)中合成了100%延伸系数分别为(1)80kg/cm2及(2)260kg/cm2的2种聚氨酯弹性体。软化点分别为175、210℃。除使用此聚氨酯弹性体中一种作为高分子弹性体(B)外其余均与实施例1相同条件下在表面多孔层(D)上形成表面整理层(E),表2所示的条件下轧光处理后,进行揉搓(磨毛)。此特性值示于表2。将取得2种仿革片材分别于基材(I)与粒面表面层(II)间的界面进行剖开,以溶剂萃取法求取基材(I)中的纤维成分与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)之和的比例,2种均为57∶43者。
又,在比较例2及3中,除未进行实施例3-(1),(2)的轧光处理及揉搓(磨毛)处理外,其余均与实施例3-(1)、(2)同法进行的。其结果示于表2。〔实施例4及比较例4~7〕非织布(a)制作
使用尼龙-6与聚乙烯(MI=20g/10min)纺丝,使纺出的纤维断面结构中的中空空间被交替排列并彼此粘附的48层包围着。取得纤维纤度为4.5de,切断长度为51mm的并列型复合纤维。
以梳棉机与交叉铺网机使取得纤维做成纤网,于针刺机上进行1000孔/cm2针剌密度的针剌,再于150℃的热风室中进行加热,于90℃的轧光滚筒中进行轧光后,取得重量520g/m2,厚度为2.0mm,表观密度为0.26g/cm3的非织布(a)。浸渍溶液的制成
使用聚四亚甲基二醇(Mw1480)与聚己内酯(Mw1540)按摩尔比为50/40的混合物做为聚合物二醇,此与二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、乙二醇于DMF中反应后,取得聚氨酯弹性体(100%延伸系数90kg/cm2,软化温度185℃)。向取得的聚氨酯弹性体的13%溶液中加入亚烷基醚改性硅氧烷、甲醇改性硅氧烷、纤维基添加剂及黑色有机调色剂后,制成浸渍溶液。表面涂布溶液的制作
以上述「浸渍溶液的制成」取得的聚氨酯弹性体的20%DMF溶液中加入亚烷基醚改性硅氧烷、甲醇改性硅氧烷,纤维基添加剂、黑色有机调色剂之后,制成表面涂布溶液。具多孔层的基材(I)的制作
将该非织布(a)浸渍于该浸渍溶液中,该浸渍非织布导入旋转金属滚辊后,在钢板簧抵住的刮浆刀作用入压向金属滚辊,从而使该浸渍非织布压缩至原厚度的85%,进行挤压浸渍液后,于其出口侧在该浸渍非织布的压缩未恢复时将该涂布溶液以600g/m2进行施涂。再将此浸渍于12%的DMF凝固浴后,使浸渍的弹性体凝固、水洗去溶剂、干燥之。之后,浸渍于80℃的热甲苯中,将并列型复合纤维之一成分的聚乙烯萃取去除之后取得超细纤维。所取得超细纤维的平均单丝纤度为0.1de者。
经上述处理之后,在如此基材(I)的单面上获得高分子弹性体(C)所形成的表面多孔层(D)的片材。以扫描型电子显微镜观察所取得片材的截面结构后其结果证明,聚氨酯树脂凝固后,在纤维周围上维持些微空隙,就是说,该片材实质上成非接触结构,且高分子弹性体(C)潜入0.15mm深于基材(I)中。更,使此片材于基材(I)与表面多孔层(D)的界面上进行剖开,以溶剂萃取法求出基材(I)中的纤维成分与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)之和的比例为62∶38。表面整理层(E)的形成
向含10%聚氨酯树脂(芳香族异氰酸酯为基础的聚酯/聚醚聚氨酯、100%延伸系数:250kg/cm2)的有机溶剂溶液中,加入黑色有机调色剂做为表面整理层(E)使用的涂料。该涂料以110目凹槽滚筒于表面多孔层(D)上进行涂布2次,干燥后,以小牛皮毛孔花纹辊筒(型板)于180℃下进行压纹,更用加入了光泽调整剂(二氧化硅)的该涂料以110目凹槽滚筒进行1滚辊涂布后,干燥之。所取得片材其厚度为1.40mm,基量为530g/m2,表观密度为0.38g/cm3者。轧光处理
再使取得的片材的基材(I)侧与粒面表面层(II)侧分别与160℃、80℃的平滑金属滚辊接触,施加100kg/cm的线压力以线速度2m/min进行轧光。揉搓(磨毛)加工
再将取得片材以具有远红外线加热的算盘珠状揉搓(磨毛)器进行揉搓(磨毛)处理。所取得片材具优异柔软性,同时基材(I)的身骨挺括、表面滑腻感亦佳为仿袋鼠革仿革片材。取得的仿革片材沿基材层(I)与粒面表面层(II)间的界面进行剖开,测其基材层(I)与粒面表面层(II)的厚度,表观密度。这些特性值示于表3。〔比较例8〕
实例1所制成的轧光处理前的片材的基材(I)侧分别与粒面表面层(II)与表面温度200℃、80℃的平滑金属滚辊接触,施加650kg/cm的线压、线速度2m/min下进行轧光。所取得片材其浸渍树脂发生了部分熔结,触感粗硬,如纸状并且仿革特性差。其结果示于表3。〔比较例9〕
实施例1所制成的轧光处理前的片材于温度80℃,压力50kg/cm、线速度2m/min下进行轧光。所取得片材通过轧光,提升密度的效果降低、身骨不足、表面滑腻感不足(折叠皱纹)。其结果示于表3。〔比较例10及11〕
使用100%延伸系数为30kg/cm2(比较例10)及180kg/cm2(比较例11)的聚氨酯弹性体,即实施例1的高分子弹性体(C)。依实施例1的(2)的方法为基准以上述聚氨酯弹性体做为高分子弹性体(C)制成仿革片材。
使用100%延伸系数为30kg/cm2的聚氨酯弹性体生产的仿革片材,其触感虽柔软冲击回弹性却太强,类似橡胶状。
使用100%延伸系数为180kg/cm2的聚氨酯弹性体生产的仿革片材,其触感粗硬,特别是低温时硬度大幅增加,因而极不理想。〔比较例12〕
使用基本同实施例1的高分子弹性体(B)但变化加入组成,制备了100%延伸系数为30kg/cm2,软化温度120℃的聚氨酯弹性体。依实施例1-(2)所示方法为基准使用上述聚氨酯弹性体做为高分子弹性体(B),并180℃下进行轧光,做成仿革片材。
取得的片材,其浸渍树脂发生熔结熔合,很少有未粘合结构,冲击回弹性强如橡胶样。结果示于表3。〔比较例13〕
使用聚四亚甲基二醇(Mw600)与聚己内酯(Mw850)按摩尔比60/40的混合物做为聚合物二醇。此与二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、乙二醇于DMF中反应后,取得聚氨酯弹性体(100%延伸系数330kg/cm2,软化温度215℃)。所取得聚氨酯弹性体的15%溶液中加入亚烷基醚改性硅氧烷,甲醇改性硅氧烷、纤维基添加剂、及黑色有机调色剂,就制成浸渍溶液。
此做为取代实施例1的浸渍溶液之用,除在轧光温度为180℃、线速度1m/min下进行轧光之外均与实施例1-(2)的方法为基准进行。所取得片材其触感硬、感觉粗糙。结果示于表3。表1
表2
表3
比较例1 | 实施例1-(1) | 实施例1-(2) | 实施例1-(3) | 实施例2 | |
非织布(A)的平均单丝纤度(de) | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 |
基材(I)的表观密度(g/cm3) | 0.37 | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.47 | 0.40 |
基材(I)中的重量比(A)∶((B)+(C)) | 56∶44 | 56∶44 | 56∶44 | 56∶44 | 56∶44 |
粒面表面层(II)的厚度(mm) | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.11 |
20%伸长载荷(纵向)(Kg/cm)(σ20) | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.0 |
5%伸长载荷(纵向)(Kg/cm)(σ5) | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
σ20/σ5(纵向) | 3.8 | 6.0 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 6.0 |
比较例1 | 实施例1-(1) | 实施例1-(2) | 实施例1-(3) | 实施例2 | |
20%伸长载荷(横向)(Kg/cm)(σ20) | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
5%伸长载荷(横向)(Kg/cm)(σ5) | 0.20 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
σ20/σ5(横向) | 4.5 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 |
基材(I)与粒面表面层(II)间的剥离强度(Kg/cm) | 2.74 | 2.79 | 2.70 | 2.75 | 2.70 |
微细孔孔径(μm) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5~1.5 |
微细孔个数(个/cm2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 112 |
透湿度(mg/cm2·hr) | 5.2 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 7.2 |
透气度(1/cm2·hr) | 0 | 0 | - | - | 1.2 |
轧光压力(P)(Kg/cm) | 0 | 35 | 200 | 400 | 35 |
轧光温度(T)(℃) | - | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 |
P×T | - | 6300 | 36000 | 72000 | 6300 |
触感 | × | ◎ | ○ | ○ | ◎ |
支撑强度 | × | ○ | ○ | ◎ | ○ |
表面滑腻感 | × | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
比较例2 | 实施例3-(1) | 比较例3 | 实施例3-(2) | |
非织布(A)的平均单丝纤度(de) | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 |
基材(I)的表观密度(g/cm3) | 0.37 | 0.42 | 0.36 | 0.42 |
基材(I)中的重量比(A)∶((B)+(C)) | 57∶43 | 57∶43 | 57∶43 | 57∶43 |
粒面表面层(II)的厚度(mm) | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.12 |
20%伸长载荷(纵向)(Kg/cm)(σ20) | 3.3 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 3.2 |
5%伸长载荷(纵向)(Kg/cm)(σ5) | 0.9 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.8 |
σ20/σ5(纵向) | 3.7 | 5.2 | 3.5 | 5.1 |
20%伸长载荷(横向)(Kg/cm)(σ20) | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.7 |
5%伸长载荷(横向)(Kg/cm)(σ5) | 0.20 | 0.09 | 0.23 | 0.08 |
σ20/σ5(横向) | 4.5 | 7.8 | 3.9 | 8.8 |
基材(I)与粒面表面层(II)间的剥离强度(Kg/cm) | 2.70 | 2.72 | 2.65 | 2.63 |
轧光压力(P)(Kg/cm) | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
轧光温度(T)(℃) | - | 130 | - | 180 |
P×T | - | 13000 | - | 18000 |
触感 | × | ◎ | × | ○ |
支撑强度 | × | ○ | × | ○ |
其他 | 扎手的感觉 | - | - | - |
实例4 | 比较例8 | 比较例9 | 比较例12 | 比较例13 | |
非织布(A)的平均单丝纤度(de) | 0.1 | - | - | - | - |
基材(I)表观密度(g/cm3) | 0.43 | 0.78 | 0.36 | 0.62 | 0.40 |
基材(I)中的重量比(A)∶((B)+(C)) | 62∶38 | 62∶38 | 62∶38 | 62∶38 | 62∶38 |
粒面表面层(II)的厚度(nm) | 0.15 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.11 |
20%伸长载荷(纵向)kg/cm(σ20) | 4.20 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.6 |
5%伸长载荷(纵向)(Kg/cm)(σ5) | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
σ20/σ5(纵向) | 5.3 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.3 | 3.6 |
20%伸长载荷(横向)(Kg/cm)(σ20) | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
5%伸长载荷(横向)(Kg/cm)(σ5) | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.30 |
σ20/σ5(横向) | 6.7 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 3.3 |
基材(I)与粒面表面层(II)间的剥离强度(Kg/cm) | 2.8 | 2.45 | 2.75 | 2.65 | 2.63 |
轧光压力(P)(Kg/cm) | 100 | 650 | 50 | 200 | 200 |
轧光温度(T)(℃) | 160 | 220 | 80 | 180 | 180 |
P×T | 16000 | 14300 | 4000 | 36000 | 36000 |
触感 | ◎ | 类橡胶 | × | 类橡胶 | × |
支撑强度 | ○ | ○ | × | ○ | ○ |
〔产业上可利用性〕
本发明的仿革片材是具有优异的透气性、透湿性、触感柔、且即使加大变形力亦不会过度伸长,有一定的延伸极限的仿袋鼠革仿革片材。进一步,该仿革片材其基材(I)与粒面表面层(II)间的剥离强度高,适用于作鞋类的材料。
Claims (5)
1.一种仿革片材,它具有:包含单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束组成的非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)以及高分子弹性体(C)的基材(I),其中在基材(I)的至少单面上具有包含高分子弹性体(C)所形成的表面多孔层(D)及表面整理层(E)的粒面表面层(II),其中仿革片材的特征在于,(1)基材(I)的表观密度为0.37~0.65g/cm3,(2)基材(I)中的非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)的重量比为45∶55~69∶31,(3)粒面表面层(II)的厚度为0.01mm~0.18mm,(4)仿革片材的纵向及横向的20%伸长载荷(σ20)/5%伸长载荷(σ5)的比各在5以上20以下的范围内,高分子弹性体(B)的100%伸长模量为40~300kg/cm2,高分子弹性体(C)的100%伸长模量为40~150kg/cm2,粒面表面层(II)的表观密度以0.35~0.65g/cm3,所述高分子弹性体(B)、所述高分子弹性体(C)及所述表面整理层(E)均选自聚氨酯类橡胶。
2.如权利要求1的仿革片材,其中,该基材(I)与该粒面表面层(II)的剥离强度至少为2.5kg/cm。
3.如权利要求1或2的仿革片材,其中,该粒面表面层(II)上至少存在50个/cm2孔径0.5μm~40μm的微细孔。
4.如权利要求3的仿革片材,其中,该仿革片材的透湿度至少为5mg/cm2·hr,透气度至少为0.5l/cm2·hr。
5.一种仿革片材的制造方法,它具有:包含单丝纤度0.2de以下的超细纤维束所组成非织布(A)与高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)的基材(I),而且其中在基材的至少单面上具有包含高分子弹性体(C)所形成的表面多孔层(D)与表面整理层(E)的粒面表面层(II),其方法的特征在于,(1)在制造基材(I)时,于超细纤维束形成性纤维所形成的非织布(a)中浸渍高分子弹性体(B),使该非织布(a)压缩成其原厚度的95%以下的厚度,进行挤压之后,于未恢复压缩时,进行涂布高分子弹性体(C)的溶液,使部份溶液浸渍于该非织布(a)之中,再使该非织布(a)中的高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)在与形成该非织布(a)的超细纤维束形成性纤维以实质上不相接触的状态实现凝固,去除溶剂、干燥之,(2)于基材(I)至少单面上形成由高分子弹性体(C)所组成的表面多孔层(D),极细化处理非织布(a),在进而于其表面形成表面整理层(E)之前或之后,在同时满足对高分子弹性体(B)及高分子弹性体(C)来说的“软化温度-100℃~软化温度-10℃”的温度范围各进行轧光,使厚度减为原厚度的60%~95%,(3)对包含该基材(I)与该粒面表面层(II)的仿革片材进行揉搓(磨毛)加工后,以便使得仿革片材的纵向及横向的20%伸长载荷(σ20)/5%伸长载荷(σ5)的比各为5以上20以下,所述高分子弹性体(B)、所述高分子弹性体(C)及所述表面整理层(E)均选自聚氨酯类橡胶。
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- 1998-10-29 EP EP98950445A patent/EP0952250B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-29 KR KR10-1999-7006069A patent/KR100399464B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-29 ES ES98950445T patent/ES2221208T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-29 CN CN98801789A patent/CN1085276C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-29 DE DE69823980T patent/DE69823980T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-29 WO PCT/JP1998/004900 patent/WO1999024658A1/ja active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0952250A4 (en) | 2002-01-30 |
ES2221208T3 (es) | 2004-12-16 |
TW460639B (en) | 2001-10-21 |
EP0952250A1 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
KR100399464B1 (ko) | 2003-09-29 |
CN1243557A (zh) | 2000-02-02 |
WO1999024658A1 (fr) | 1999-05-20 |
ID21859A (id) | 1999-08-05 |
JPH11140779A (ja) | 1999-05-25 |
DE69823980T2 (de) | 2005-06-09 |
DE69823980D1 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
KR20000069876A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
EP0952250B1 (en) | 2004-05-19 |
JP3187357B2 (ja) | 2001-07-11 |
US20020098756A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
US6451716B1 (en) | 2002-09-17 |
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