CN1079652C - 颜色稳定的,铁、锌、和维生素强化的混合饮料粉 - Google Patents
颜色稳定的,铁、锌、和维生素强化的混合饮料粉 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1079652C CN1079652C CN96198581A CN96198581A CN1079652C CN 1079652 C CN1079652 C CN 1079652C CN 96198581 A CN96198581 A CN 96198581A CN 96198581 A CN96198581 A CN 96198581A CN 1079652 C CN1079652 C CN 1079652C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- iron
- composition
- intake
- vitamin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 235000016804 zinc Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 claims description 15
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 ZnG Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013675 iodine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007983 food acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000298715 Actinidia chinensis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009434 Actinidia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009436 Actinidia deliciosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 claims description 2
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L Ferrous fumarate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000000370 Passiflora edulis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000288157 Passiflora edulis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011034 Rubus glaucus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011773 ferrous fumarate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002332 ferrous fumarate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000225 ferrous fumarate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004222 ferrous gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013924 ferrous gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001645 ferrous gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001781 ferrous sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003284 iron Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VRIVJOXICYMTAG-IYEMJOQQSA-L iron(ii) gluconate Chemical compound [Fe+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O VRIVJOXICYMTAG-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008369 fruit flavor Substances 0.000 claims 3
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
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- 244000235659 Rubus idaeus Species 0.000 claims 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OGGXGZAMXPVRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylarsinic acid Chemical compound C[As](C)(O)=O OGGXGZAMXPVRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-QWKBTXIPSA-N gallotannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-QWKBTXIPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
本发明涉及改进了颜色和风味的、强化了锌和铁的、具有水果和/或植物风味的饮料粉。该混合饮料粉中可以加进维生素,例如维生素A、维生素C和维生素E。此增补的混合饮料粉也可含有碘、尼克酸和叶酸。更详细地说,本发明公开了用某些生物可利用的锌和铁化合物强化混合饮料粉的方法,并且能使产生的冲调饮料没有不良的颜色和风味。
Description
技术范围
本发明涉及用具有优良生物利用率的铁和锌化合物强化的混合饮料粉。此处所用的铁和锌化合物不会使风味变坏,是稳定的,以及能克服由于将这些矿物质加到饮料中后经常产生的变色问题。此组合物也可以包括维生素A,维生素C,维生素E,维生素B类,叶酸和碘。
发明背景
在许多国家中,平均膳食没有含有足够量的铁、锌、碘、维生素A或维生素B类。缺铁已有文献充分证明。虽然,缺铁在美国是少数营养缺乏症中的一种,但它在大多数发展中国家是平常的。最近的迹象表明营养缺锌在许多发展中国家的百姓中可能已是平常的,在这些地方,人们依靠植物源(例如谷物和豆类)膳食维持生存。临界锌缺乏症甚至在美国也分布广泛,这是由于自我实施的膳食限制,使用酒精和谷物蛋白,以及增加使用精制的食品等,这些原因,减少了微量矿物质的摄入。
铁和锌缺乏症可以通过增补来予以克服。对付这些缺乏症的其它方法包括增加摄入天然含有这些矿物质的食品,或强化食品和饮料。通常在这些缺乏症的国家中的人们,用矿物质和维生素增补,但在经济上是昂贵的,在分配上存在着明显的逻辑性问题。此外,要求人们依从每天增补维生素和矿物质也是一个严重问题。因此,要求随同其它维生素和矿物质来提供具有高生物利用率的铁和锌,同时在高比例人群消费时也不会产生不良的味道。
已知可用维生素和矿物质强化饮料和食品。虽然通过强化婴儿食品配方,早餐谷物和巧克力饮料粉等以减少铁缺乏症方面已有了重大的进展,但这些配方需要牛乳,而牛乳往往没有或难以负担。对一般人群的铁和锌缺乏症问题进展很小。此外,很少注意到在果味饮料粉的配方中增补营养量(即至少有5%的美国推荐每日摄入量,USRDI)的锌和铁,以及有或没有维生素。许多果味饮料粉含有维生素和矿物质,但是难得同时含有有效量的锌和铁,参阅,Composi-tion of Foods:Beverages,Agriculture Handbook No.8 Series,Nutri-tion Monitoring Division,P.115-153。
在饮料中同时加入维生素和矿物质会产生一些问题。锌增补会使味道不良,变味和刺激口腔,参阅1987年8月4日授权Godfrey的美国专利4,684,528。铁增补倾向于使食品变色或感观不良。此外,含有矿物质的食品,配方特别困难,尤其是含有生物可利用的铁和锌的混合物,因为这些矿物质相互有影响。这些相互作用不但影响饮料的感观和美观性质,而且也影响这些矿物质本身的营养生物可利用率,以及维生素的稳定性和风味。
在一个混合饮料粉中加入铁和锌以及有或没有维生素的混合物存在几个问题。少数几个问题是选择铁和锌的化合物,这些化合物应是感观上能接受的,生物可利用的,成本上可行的和安全的。例如,水溶性铁和锌化合物是最生物可利用的,但有不能接受的金属后味和风味改变等缺点。此外,水溶性铁络合物常产生不能接受的颜色改变。甚至铁络合物本身也是有颜色的。这使配制颜色分布均匀的一种混合饮料粉更困难。往往使冲调的饮料不具有同风味剂相符的颜色。如果饮料粉的颜色,冲调后的饮料或饮料的风味有大的改变,则此饮料将不会被消费。颜色和味道是消费者接受的关键。
许多铁源从商品来说已是成功的,但在此处应用则是不能令人满意的。例如,1988年11月授权Nakel等的美国专利4,786,578中涉及使用适合于增补水果饮料的铁糖络合物。尽管这种增补在某些水果风味饮料中能产生可接受的味道,但是这种增补使某些有色饮料变色和消费者能感觉到的差异。典型的用于强化巧克力牛乳的铁源也被发现由于颜色问题和/或风味问题而不合乎要求。
已经发现,一些含有特殊的铁和锌源、着色剂,风味成分以及非必需的甜味剂的组合物,在味道上是非常令人满意的,也不会留下不良的后味。此外,这种组合物是颜色均匀的粉状物,冲调的饮料具有可接受的颜色。此混合物不会附聚或结块。这种自由流动的方便的形式使消费者只需简单地用所需量的混合粉即可冲调成饮料。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种增补营养量的锌和铁的饮料混合物,它是可口的和没有不良的后味,同时又能保留金属离子的生物可利用性。
本发明的另一个目的是提供混合饮料粉,它冲调后具有可接受的颜色。
这些和其它目的在以下的叙述中将是显而易见的。
发明概述
一种干的自由流动的饮料组合物,该组合物冲调后具有合意的颜色和没有不良的后味,它包含:
(1)从约5%至约100%的美国推荐每日摄入量的铁,其中所
述的铁是胶囊包封的硫酸亚铁或螯合的铁;
(2)从约5%至约100%的美国推荐每日摄入量的锌;
(3)从约0.001%至约0.5%的着色剂;
(4)从约0.001%至约10%的一种风味剂,其中所述风味剂选自水果或植物风味料或它们的混合物;和
(5)从约1%至约50%的柠檬酸,柠檬酸钠,酒石酸或苹果酸或它们的混合物;或其它食用酸,其量足以使成品饮料的pH降纸至3和4.5之间。
本发明的混合饮料粉也可以含有一种甜味剂。此外,此混合饮料粉可含有维生素A,维生素C,维生素E,维生素B12,维生素B2,维生素B6,维生素D,叶酸,碘,硫胺素,尼克酸,氟化物和钙。也可以为了涩味而加入单宁酸。一个单位份的成品饮料提供从5%至200%的美国推荐每日摄入量的这些其它维生素和矿物质物料。
发明详述
此处所用的名词“包含”是指在制备本发明的水果风味的混合饮料粉中联合应用的各种成分。因此,名词“主要由…构成”和“由…构成”都包含在“包含”这个名词中。
此处所用的名词“水果风味物”是指来源于种子植物的可食用再生部分的风味物,尤其是与种子相关的甜果浆,如苹果、橙、柠檬、酸橙等。术语水果风味也包括用于模仿天然源的水果风味的合成风味物。这些水果风味可源自天然源如果汁和风味油,或合成制备。如果需要,果汁也可用作风味成份,包括橙、菠萝、柠檬、酸橙、苹果和葡萄。
这里的术语“植物风味物”或“植物萃出物”指的是从除果实以外的植物的其它部分得到的风味物。因此,植物风味物可以包括从坚果、树皮、根和叶得到的风味物。这一名词也包括用合成方法制备的用于模拟从天然源得到的植物风味物的那些风味料。植物风味物的例子包括木槿属植物,金盏花,菊花等,这些植物风味物可以从天然源获得,例如精油和萃取物,或用合成方法制备。
此处所用的名词“着色剂”或“色素”指的是使饮料着色的可食用的食品色素或物料,例如核黄素和/或β-胡萝卜素。
此处所用的名词“总水分”是指存在于混合粉中的总的水分,它包括存在于风味剂、糖、矿物质、维生素和其他成分中的水分。
此处所用的名词“饮料”或“成品饮料”是指用一种含水的液体同本发明的混合粉混合制备成的饮料,其中可添加或不添加甜味剂。
此处所用的名词“每一份”“每单位份”或“一份大小”指的是250毫升成品饮料。
此处所用的“冲调的”是指用必不可少的本发明的混合粉同一种甜味剂和合适量的冲淡剂混合,或用已经充分加甜味剂的粉同合适量的冲淡剂混合而制备成的成品饮料。
此处所用的全部、百分比和比例,除另有说明外,均以重量为基础。
此混合饮料粉还包含营养增补量的维生素和矿物质。此处所用的“营养增补量”是用于此处混合饮料粉中的维生素和矿物质的量,该混合饮料粉提供可以测定的矿物质和维生素的营养量。此处所用的“营养物”通常指的是矿物质和维生素。
关于维生素和矿物质的美国推荐每日摄入量(USRDI)在美国国家科学院和国家研究委员会的食品和营养局的推荐每日膳食需要量中有规定。计算此处的美国推荐每日摄入量的方法是溶解约35克的半加糖的混合饮料粉或约125克的完全加糖的混合饮料粉于1开水中,然后取250毫升一份大小进行计算。当混合粉中无糖时,通常约6克混合粉可以提供美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素和矿物质。
此处所用的铁或锌以外的其他矿物质的营养增补量是这些矿物质的美国推荐每日摄入量的至少约5%,优选从约10%至约200%。此处所用的维生素的营养增补量是这些维生素的美国推荐每日摄入量的至少约5%,优选从约20%至约200%,更优选从约25%至100%。
但是,任何一种维生素或矿物质的优选每日摄入量是随不同使用者而不同的。例如,患有贫血症的人需要增加铁的摄入量。维生素缺乏症的人或膳食差的人需要更多的维生素A,维生素C和维生素B2,特别是发展中国家的正在成长的儿童。这些事情对医生和营养专家来说是熟知的,因此本发明的组合物的使用量可据此进行调整。铁源
可用于本发明的目的的铁化物有胶囊包封在氢化大豆油基质中的硫酸铁,例如,可从Balchem Corp.,Slate Hill,N.Y.得到的CAP-SHURE,和螯合的铁(即三价铁或亚铁),其中的螫合剂是氨基酸,例如,可从Albion Laboratories,Inc.,Clearfield,Utah得到的FERROCHEL AMINO ACID CHELATE。其他可用于胶囊包封硫酸铁的固态脂肪有三硬脂酸甘油酯,氢化玉米油、棉籽油、葵花油、牛羊油脂和猪油。
已知这些特殊的铁源是生物可利用的,不会产生异味,以及更重要的是在冲调的饮料中不会产生不良的颜色变化。也已知某些其他铁源,例如蔗糖铁(ferric saccharate),葡糖酸亚铁,富马酸亚铁和硫酸亚铁等在未被胶囊包封或螯合时是不能用于此目的的。还已知使用蔗糖铁虽然能达到改进饮料的味道和最终的颜色,但是其中某些产品在冲调后短时间会产生不良的颜色。此外,已知虽然数小时后颜色会转变成较少不良,但消费者对强化的和未经强化的饮料之间仍能区别其差异。所以,已知除非经过制备和试验,不可能预测哪一种铁源在冲调的饮料中会有可以接受的颜色。
加到混合饮料粉中铁化合物的量范围很广,这随最终产品中所要求的增补水平以及目标消费者而定。美国推荐每日摄入量对铁通常从每6公斤10毫克(女性或男性)至每54-58公斤18毫克(女性)之间,同时多少有点随年龄而定。本发明的铁强化的组合物通常含有从约5%至约100%美国推荐每日摄入量的铁(按每份计),其原因是铁还可从其他饮食中获得(假定是合理的平衡膳食)。优选的组合物中含有从约15%至约50%,最优选从约20%至约40%的美国推荐每日摄入量的铁。锌源
用于本发明中的锌化合物可以是任何一种常用的形式,例如,硫酸盐、氯化物、乙酸盐、葡糖酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、柠檬酸盐、天门冬氨酸盐、吡啶甲酸盐、氨基酸螯合的锌以及氧化锌。但是,由于味道的原因,已知葡萄糖酸锌和氨基酸螯合的锌是特别优选使用的。本发明的锌强化的组合物通常含有从约5%至约100%美国推荐每日摄入量的锌(以每份计),其原因是锌也可从其他饮食源中得到(假定是合理的平衡膳食)。优选的组合物中含有从约15%至约50%,优选从约25%至40%的美国推荐每日摄入量的锌。其他维生素和矿物质
本发明的混合饮料粉中除铁和锌之外也含有其他维生素和矿物质,例如维生素C,钙,维生素A,维生素E,尼克酸,硫胺素,维生素B6,维生素B2,维生素B12,叶酸和碘。
现行的对大多数健康成人的美国推荐每日摄入量通常为:维生素C(60毫克),维生素A按视黄醇计(1毫克)或按β-胡萝卜素计(3毫克),维生素B2(1.7毫克),尼克酸(20毫克),硫胺素(1.5毫克),维生素B6(2.0毫克),叶酸(0.4毫克),维生素B12(6微克),和维生素E(30国际单位)和碘(150微克)。
钙的美国推荐每日摄入量是婴儿每6公斤360毫克,女性每54-58公斤1200毫克,多少有点随年龄而定。此外,用大于20-30%美国推荐每日摄入量的钙增补饮料(按每份计),同时又不产生沉淀和或感观问题,这是困难的。但是,这个增补量相当于牛乳提供的量,因此是可以接受的。
此处可以使用商品源的维生素C。也可以使用胶囊包封的抗坏血酸和食用的抗坏血酸盐。通常在混合饮料粉中使用从约5%至约200%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素C。在35克混合饮料粉中优选使用从约25%至约150%,和最优选约100%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素C。
商品维生素A源也可以结合到混合饮料粉中。每一份混合饮料粉中优选含有从约5%至约100%,和最优选含有约25%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素A。维生素A可以以维生素A棕榈酸酯(视黄醇棕榈酸酯)和/或β-胡萝卜素提供。它可以是一种油、珠状或胶囊包封的。此处所用的“维生素A”包括维生素A,β-胡萝卜素,视黄醇棕榈酸酯和视黄醇乙酸酯。
此处可以使用商品源的维生素B2(核黄素)。成品混合饮料粉优选含有(每份)从约5%至约200%和最优选含有从约15%至约35%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素B2。维生素B2也叫作核黄素。
此处使用商品源的碘,优选用一种胶囊包封的碘。其他碘源包括含碘的盐,例如碘化钠,碘化钾、碘酸钾、碘酸钠或他们的混合物。这些碘盐可以是胶囊包封的。
结合到混合饮料粉中的其他营养增补量的维生素还包括维生素B6和B12,叶酸,尼克酸,泛酸和维生素D和E,但不局限于以上这些。通常,混合饮料粉中含有至少5%,优选至少25%,最优选至少35%的美国推荐摄入量的这些维生素。根据消费者的营养需要,此饮料产品中也可结合进其他维生素。
结合到混合饮料粉中的其他营养增补量的矿物质包括钙和铜,但不局限于这些。任何这些矿物质的水溶性盐都可以使用,例如,硫酸铜,葡糖酸铜,柠檬酸铜。优选使用的钙源是美国专利4,789,510,4,786,518和4,822,847中叙述的柠檬酸钙和苹果酸钙的组合物。也可以使用磷酸钙,碳酸钙,氧化钙,氢氧化钙,乳酸钙和氨基酸螫合的钙等。着色剂
使本发明的混合饮料粉得到均匀颜色的关键是加进少量的着色剂。优选使用食品药物和化妆品用染料(例如5号黄、2号兰、40号红)和/或食品药物和化妆品用色淀。在其他粉状成分中加入色淀后,所有的颗粒,特别是有色的铁化合物,都全部和均匀地着色,因而得到均匀地着色的混合饮料粉。本发明中优选使用的色淀染料有食品和药物管理局批准的色淀,例如色淀红40号,色淀黄6号,色淀兰1号等。此外,也可以使用食品药物和化妆品用染料或一种食品药物和化妆品用色淀染料同其他传统食品和食品着色剂的混合物。但是,已经发现,当完全使用不是色淀型的食品药物和化妆品用染料时,混合饮料粉的颜色是不均匀的。此外还会产生明显的压实和结块。使用着色剂的确切量是随所用的着色剂以及对最终成品要求的颜色强度而定的。对熟练此技术的人来说,这个量是很易确定的。通常着色剂的量是粉重的约0.001%至约0.5%,优选从约0.004%至约0.1%。当饮料是柠檬色的或黄色的时,可以使用核黄素。β-胡萝卜素和核黄素都能使饮料呈橙色。风味剂
此混合饮料粉可以用任何天然的或合成制备的水果或植物风味料或植物风味料和果汁的混合物进行调味。适用的天然的或合成的水果风味料包括柠檬,橙,葡萄柚,草莓,香蕉,梨,猕猴桃,葡萄,苹果,柠檬,芒果,菠萝,西番莲果,树莓和他们的混合物。适用的植物风味料包括牙买加烤烟,金盏花,菊花,茶,春黄菊,姜,缬草,育亨宾树,啤酒花,圣草,人参,欧洲越桔,大米,红葡萄酒,芒果,牡丹,柠檬香脂,坚果汁,橡木片,熏衣草,核桃,龙胆根,罗汉果,肉桂,当归,芦荟,龙牙草,西洋蓍草和他们的混合物。可以使用从约0.01%至约10%的这些风味料。优选使用从约0.02%至8%。也可用果汁粉作为风味剂。风味剂的确实使用量随使用的风味剂类型和成品饮料要求的风味程度而定。单宁酸或其他类似的酸也可用于提供饮料的涩味。单宁酸的用量从约0.001%至约10%。也可以使用其他风味增强剂。酸组分
水果风味体系和混合饮料粉的一个重要组分是一种能使pH降到4.5以下的食用酸。优选的pH是从3.2至4.5。这些酸可以单独使用,也可以混合使用。通常使用从约1%至50%的柠檬酸和/或苹果酸,优选使用从约8%至约20%,和更优选使用从约9%至约17%的柠檬酸和/或苹果酸。通常将从0.01%至约10%的单宁酸、苹果酸或酒石酸和他们的混合物同某些植物风味料一起使用以提供涩味。果汁中天然存在有柠檬酸和苹果酸,因此果汁或果汁粉可以用作酸或酸混合物的来源。其他可以使用的食用酸包括磷酸、醋酸、乳酸和马来酸。甜味剂
本发明的混合饮料粉还包含从0%至98%的甜味剂。可以使用以重量计从10%至约98%,更优选从约50%至约90%的颗粒糖或甜味剂。颗粒糖可以是砂糖或粉末糖,包括蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖、乳糖和他们的混合物。最优选的是蔗糖。当使用合成甜味剂时,甜味剂的量是相当低的,通常使用从约0.05%至约10%。植物胶、果胶和其他增稠剂经常同合成甜味剂一起使用作为填充剂和给冲调饮料粉提供质感。可以使用糖和合成甜味剂的混合物。
在混合饮料粉中除了加入颗粒糖外,也可以加入其他天然的或合成的甜味剂。其他适用的甜味剂包括糖精,环己基氨基磺酸酯,乙酰磺胺-K,L-天门冬氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸低级烷基酯甜味剂(例如阿斯巴甜),授权Brennan等的美国专利4,411,925中公开的L-天门冬氨酰-D-丙氨酸酰胺,授权Brennan等的美国专利4,399,163中公开的L-天门冬氨酰-D-丝氨酸酰胺,授权Brand的美国专利4,338,346中公开的L-天门冬氨酰-L-1-羟甲基链烷酰胺甜味剂,授权Rizzi的美国专利4,423,029中公开的L-天门冬氨酰-1-羟乙基链烷酰胺甜味剂,授权J.M.Janusz的1986年1月15日公开的欧洲专利申请书168,112中公开的L-天门冬氨酰-D-苯基甘氨酸酯和酰胺甜味剂等。特别优选的非必需的辅助甜味剂是阿斯巴甜。其他成分
混合饮料粉中还包含其他常用于食品和饮料中以提供风味,美观,质地,稳定性,抗结块或营养等优点的其他成分。如下文中所述,这些非必需的其他成分,虽然也可以单独或以不同的结合加到混合饮料粉中,但通常是加到饮料预混合物中的。混浊剂/增稠剂
混合饮料粉中还可以包含以重量计从约0%至约15%,优选从约0.02%至约10%的增稠剂或混浊剂。最优选使用从约1%至约5%。任何已知的或惯用的增稠剂和混浊剂都可以使用。增稠剂或混浊剂也有助于防止冲调的饮料粉沉淀。增稠剂也有助于掩盖苦味和涩味。
任何食品级的增稠剂或混浊剂都可以应用于混合饮料粉中,只要他同其中的其他必需成分是相容的。适用的增稠剂或混浊剂包括羧甲基纤维素,卡拉胶,黄原胶,果胶,瓜尔豆胶和各种食用淀粉(改性的和未改性的),淀粉糖浆干粉和植物油或部分氢化的植物油,但不局限于以上这些。增稠剂的选择主要决定于价格,其次是增稠的特性。也可以用这些剂的混合物。优选的混浊/增稠剂是一种混合物,包含从40%至60%的淀粉糖浆干粉,20%至35%的改性食品淀粉,8%至20%的部分氢化的大豆油和1%至5%的黄原胶。抗氧化剂
饮料预混合物中还可以包含一种食品级的抗氧化剂,其量足以抑制混合饮料粉中物料氧化,特别是脂质。过度氧化会发展成异味和丧失风味。过度氧化也能导致混合物中的抗坏血酸或其他易氧化的维生素或矿物质降解和钝化。
混合饮料粉中可以使用已知的或惯用的食品级抗氧化剂。这些食品级抗氧化剂包括丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA),丁基化羟基甲苯(BHT)他们的混合物,但不局限于这些。选择一种食品级抗氧化剂的有效量,对熟练此技术的人是容易决定的。这些量和浓度的限制通常是受制于政府法规。
为进一步增进抗氧化性,混合饮料粉应包装在不透湿的容器中。这类容器包括,例如,铝箔衬里的包装,金属罐和塑料或复合材料包装。优选使用薄膜衬里的包装或其他不透氧和水的容器。混合饮料粉可包装在氮、二氧化碳或其他惰性非氧化气体下以进一步增进抗氧化性。这类包装方法在技术上是熟知的。混合饮料粉的含水量以重量计不应超过约6%。混合饮料粉
本发明的混合饮料粉可以用水或汽水稀释成一种饮料。
本发明的混合饮料粉是总水分按重量计不大于约6%的流动的颗粒组合物。要求混合饮料粉中的总水分保持在6%以下以防止维生素的降解和其他不良反应。优选的含水量低于约3%,通常在约4%至约5%之间。
一份混合饮料粉的大小是随个别消费者的偏爱和特定的混合饮料粉的配方而不同。特别重要的是产品配方应能在每一份稀释的饮料中提供要求量的维生素和矿物质。通常,当用糖作甜味剂时,约35克至约125克混合饮料粉可以制备一升饮料,当用合成甜味剂时则约用6克。
本发明的混合饮料粉可以做成半加糖的粉状。用半加糖的混合饮料粉制备风味饮料时,在约20克至约35克的混合饮料粉中,除了加入稀释剂外(例如自来水),还要用约30克至约85克的糖混合。用完全加糖的混合饮料粉制备风味饮料时,只需简单地用稀释剂同约70克至约125克的混合饮料粉混合。稀释剂可以是热的或冷的。通常每一份混合饮料粉需要约1000毫升稀释剂以形成冲调的水果/植物风味饮料。混合饮料粉的制备
本发明的混合粉可以用许多方法制备,例如干混合,喷雾干燥,附聚,鼓式干燥和其他能形成均匀一致的混合粉的传统方法。优选的方法包含混合必要量的上述的混合饮料粉的必需成分。这种混合优选使用传统的犁型或桨状搅拌器来完成。
优选的方法是,干混合除糖以外的全部其他成分成为分离的预混合物,然后将此分离的预混合物同糖干混合以形成本发明的混合饮料粉。颗粒糖、风味料、维生素、矿物质和胶囊包封的风味料优选混合在一起以使细的风味颗粒粘附在糖颗粒的周围。这一方法能使混合饮料粉用水冲调时改进分散性。
混合饮料粉的物理形状可随消费者的要求特制。例如,混合饮料粉可加工成较少密集的、附聚的混合物或让其成为细的粉状物。
一种用柠檬/酸橙结合制成的柠檬风味的混合饮料粉(在下文中称作“柠橙(limon)”是用以下成分制备的。
实施例1成分 重量%砂糖 73.9维生素预混合物1 1风味料2 4.9混浊剂3 1.4柠檬酸 12.0葡萄糖酸锌 0.4蔗糖铁 0.6柠檬酸钠 5.1着色剂 0.1合计 100.00
维生素预混合物1成分 重量%维生素C 60.2维生素A 4.9维生素E 14.9维生素B2 0.6维生素B12 2.1维生素B6 0.6叶酸 0.1麦芽糊精 16.61.维生素预混合物2.风味料是二种柠檬风味料的结合,包括柠檬/酸橙风味。3.混浊剂是淀粉糖浆干粉、改性食品淀粉、部分氢化的大豆油和黄原胶的混合物。
一种柠橙风味的,半加糖的混合物是把除着色剂之外的全部成分在一搅拌器中干混合制备而成的。然后将着色剂加到上述的干混合物中再混合一定时间使颜色均匀和成为均匀的混合物。然后将干混合物通过20号Tyler网筛,再经过30号Tyler网筛。最终产品在搅拌下装入罐中。
取35克混合物试样,用1000毫升水混合并搅拌。为了对比目的,用上述方法制备实施例2和实施例3的柠橙风味的混合粉,实施例2和实施例3含有的成分如下。
实施例2成分 重量%砂糖 74.1维生素预混合物1 1风味料2 4.9混浊剂3 1.4着色剂 0.1柠檬酸 12.6葡萄糖酸锌 0.4胶囊包封的硫酸亚铁4 0.4柠檬酸钠 5.1合计 1001.同实施例1的维生素预混合物2.柠橙风味料是二种风味料的结合。3.混浊剂是淀粉糖浆干粉、改性食品淀粉、部分氢化的大豆油和黄原胶的混合物。4.CAP-SHURE FS-165-50,Balchem Corporation Slate Hill,New York
实施例3成分 重量%砂糖 74.2维生素预混合物1 1风味料2 4.9混浊剂3 1.4着色剂 0.1柠檬酸 12.6葡萄糖酸锌 0.4亚铁螯合氨基酸螯合物4 0.3柠檬酸钠 5.1合计 1001.同实施例1的维生素预混合物2.柠檬-酸橙风味料是二种风味料的结合。3.混浊剂是淀粉糖浆干粉、改性食品淀粉,部分氢化的植物油和黄原胶的混合物。4.Ferrochel Amino Acid Chelate,Albion Laboratories,Inc.,Clearfield,Utah
在用上述的柠檬-酸橙混合粉制备饮料时,发现含有胶囊包封的硫酸亚铁和亚铁螫合的氨基酸螯合物的饮料具有相似的和可接受的绿色。意外的是,含有蔗糖亚铁的饮料变色了(即混浊的黄绿色)。在室温下静置4-6小时后,又发现含有蔗糖铁的饮料变成更可接受的颜色。
实施例4
用亨特色差仪测定将铁加到用前述混合粉制备的饮料中后产生的变色程度。实施例1在制备后即读数,然后在室温下静置24小时后再读数以得到一个更可接受的产品的读数。色差计的颜色座标是L=目测光亮度/黑暗度,a=红至绿,b=黄至兰。ΔL,Δa和Δb是试样的L,a和b之间的差异。ΔE是总的色差。它是用以下公式计算的
,其中L1,a1和b1是开始时的读数,L2,a2和b2是在75°F(23.8℃)陈化24小时后的读数。ΔE读数大于3.0时表明这些产品对消费者有显著的差异。结果列在表1中。
表1
试样 | L1 | a1 | b1 | L2 | a2 | b2 | ΔL | Δa | Δb | ΔE |
无铁 | 28.5 | -6.9 | 13.1 | 27.1 | -9 | 14 | 1.96 | 4.41 | 0.81 | 2.68 |
实施例1 | 25.6 | -3.2 | 12.3 | 25.6 | -8.6 | 12.9 | 0 | 29.16 | 0.36 | 5.43 |
实施例2 | 28.1 | -7.8 | 12.5 | 26.5 | -9.8 | 13.3 | 2.56 | 4 | 0.64 | 2.68 |
实施例3 | 27.7 | -8.3 | 12.2 | 26.2 | -9.7 | 12.8 | 2.25 | 1.96 | 0.36 | 2.14 |
按照实施例2和3制备的饮料得到的数据表明只有小的颜色差异,对消费者不显著。用胶囊包封的硫酸亚铁和螫合的铁制备的试样同不含铁的饮料的特征也相似。但是按照实施例1制备的饮料的数据表明同其他试样有显著的差异,经陈化后具有消费者能察觉到的色差。为了作比较,用橙汁饮料和牙买加饮料进行了相似的试验。结果发现含有蔗糖亚铁的橙汁饮料和牙买加饮料也发展成不能接受的颜色。
实施例5
按照实施例1的混合步骤,用以下成分制备一种完全加糖的橙汁风味的混合饮料粉。成分 重量%砂糖 90.24维生素预混合物1 0.32橙汁风味料 1.27混浊剂2 1.4柠檬酸 4.6葡萄糖酸锌 0.1铁(氨基酸螫合物) 0.056柠檬酸钠 1.9着色剂3 0.121合计 100.001.实施例1的维生素预混合物2.混浊剂是淀粉糖浆干粉,改性食品淀粉,部分氢化的大豆油和黄原胶的混合物。3.着色剂是食品药物和化妆品用色淀黄6号和食品药物和化妆品用染料黄5号的混合物。
此成品饮料一份(250毫升)可提供以下美国推荐每日摄入量的这些维生素和矿物质。营养素 %美国推荐每日摄入量铁 20锌 25维生素A 25维生素C 100核黄素 35叶酸 25维生素B12 35维生素E 25维生素B6 25
实施例6
按照实施例1的混合步骤,用以下成分制备半加糖的牙买加风味的(从木槿属植物得到)混合饮料粉。成分 重量%砂糖 82.2维生素预混合物1 1.1风味料 2.7柠檬酸 8.1单宁酸 0.27苹果酸 1葡萄糖酸锌 0.36铁(氨基酸螯合物) 0.2柠檬酸钠 3.7着色剂2 0.37合计 100.001.实施例1的维生素预混合物2.着色剂是食品药物和化妆品用色淀红40号和食品药物和化妆品用色淀兰1号的混合物。
用实施例1的预混合物通过同以下成分混合制备其他配方。
实施例7
按照实施例1的混合步骤,用以下成分制备一种完全加糖的橙汁风味的混合饮料粉。成分 重量%砂糖 90.2维生素预混合物1 0.2风味料 1.3混浊剂2 1.4柠檬酸 4.8葡萄糖酸锌 0.1铁(氨基酸螯合物) 0.1柠檬酸钠 1.9着色剂3 0.1合计 100.001.实施例1的维生素预混合物2.混浊剂是淀粉糖浆干粉、改性食品淀粉、部分氢化的大豆油和黄原胶的混合物。3.着色剂是食品药物和化妆品用色淀黄6号和食品药物和化妆品用染料黄5号的混合物。
成品饮料1份(250毫升)提供10%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素C,维生素A,维生素E,维生素B2,叶酸,维生素B12和维生素B6以及25%的美国推荐每日摄入量的矿物质铁和锌。
实施例8
按实施例1的混合步骤,用以下成分制备一种半加糖的橙汁风味的混合饮料粉。成分 重量%砂糖 64.5维生素预混合物1 1.1风味料 4.6混浊剂2 4.9柠檬酸 17.1葡萄糖酸锌 0.3铁(氨基酸螯合物) 0.2柠檬酸钠 6.9着色剂3 0.4合计 100.001.实施例1的维生素预混合物2.混浊剂是淀粉糖浆干粉、改性食品淀粉、部分氢化的大豆油和黄原胶的混合物。3.着色剂是食品药物和化妆品用色淀黄6号和食品药物和化妆品用染料黄5号的混合物。
此成品饮料1份(250毫升)提供50%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素C,维生素A,维生素E,维生素B2,叶酸,维生素B12和维生素B6以及25%的美国推荐每日摄入量的矿物质铁和锌。
实施例9
按照实施例1的混合步骤,用以下成分制备一种不加糖的橙汁风味的混合饮料粉成分 重量%维生素预混合物1 4.0风味料 12.8混浊剂2 13.6柠檬酸 47.8葡萄糖酸锌 1铁(氨基酸螯合物) 0.6柠檬酸钠 19.1着色剂3 1.2合计 100.001.实施例1的维生素预混合物2.混浊剂是淀粉糖浆干粉、改性食品淀粉,部分氢化的大豆油和黄原胶的混合物。3.着色剂是食品药物和化妆品用色淀黄6号和食品药物和化妆品用染料黄5号的混合物。
此成品饮料1份(250毫升)提供100%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素C,维生素A,维生素E,维生素B2,叶酸,维生素B12和维生素B6以及25%的美国推荐每日摄入量的矿物质铁和锌。
显然,其他风味的和着色的混合饮料粉,例如,芒果,桃,草莓,红桔,和橙可以容易地通过改变混合物中的着色剂和风味成分来制作。因此,这些实施例只作为例证目的,并不是限制于这些。
Claims (20)
1.一种干的自由流动的饮料组合物,该组合物包含:
(a)5%至100%的美国推荐每日摄入量的铁;其中所述铁选自氨基酸螯合的铁和胶囊包封的铁;
(b)5%至100%的美国推荐每日摄入量的锌;
(c)0.001%至0.5%的着色剂;
(d)0%至98%的甜味剂;
(e)0.001%至10%的风味料,选自水果风味剂、植物风味剂和其混合物;和
(f)1%至50%的食用酸。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中铁选自三价铁和亚铁。
3.根据权利要求2的组合物,其中铁选自胶囊包封的硫酸亚铁和氨基酸亚铁螯合物。
4.根据权利要求2的组合物,其中铁是胶囊包封的铁,选自硫酸铁、蔗糖铁、葡糖酸亚铁、富马酸亚铁和硫酸亚铁。
5.根据权利要求3的组合物,其中铁是硫酸亚铁。
6.根据权利要求3的组合物,其中铁是氨基酸亚铁螯合物。
7.根据权利要求3的组合物,其中锌选自硫酸锌、氯化锌、乙酸锌、葡糖酸锌、抗坏血酸锌、柠檬酸锌、天门冬氨酸锌、吡啶甲酸锌、氨基酸螯合的锌和氧化锌。
8.根据权利要求7的组合物,其中锌选自氨基酸螯合的锌和葡糖酸锌。
9.根据权利要求8的组合物,其中锌是葡糖酸锌。
10.根据权利要求8的组合物,还包含其它维生素和除了铁和锌的矿物质。
11.根据权利要求10的组合物,包含
(a)15%至50%的美国推荐每日摄入量的铁;其中铁是氨基酸亚铁螯合物;
(b)15%至50%的美国推荐每日摄入量的锌;其中锌是葡糖酸锌;
(c)50%至90%的甜味剂;其中甜味剂是糖;
(d)0.02%至8%的风味剂;其中风味剂是水果风味剂;和
(e)以下的维生素或矿物质:
(i)5%至100%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素A;
(ii)25%至150%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素C;
(iii)至少5%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素E;
(iv)5%至200%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素B2;
(v)至少5%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素B12;
(vi)至少5%的美国推荐每日摄入量的维生素B6;
(vii)至少5%的美国推荐每日摄入量的叶酸;
(viii)至少5%的美国推荐每日摄入量的尼克酸;
(ix)钙;和
(x)碘。
12.根据权利要求8的组合物,包含15%至50%的美国推荐每日摄入量的铁和15%至50%的美国推荐每日摄入量的锌。
13.根据权利要求12的组合物,其中食用酸选自柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、乳酸、鞣酸、磷酸、乙酸、马来酸和其混合物。
14.根据权利要求13的组合物,其中食用酸是柠檬酸。
15.根据权利要求13的组合物,其中风味剂是水果风味剂。
16.根据权利要求15的组合物,包含10%至98%的甜味剂;其中甜味剂是糖。
17.根据权利要求16的组合物,其中风味剂选自柠檬、橙、葡萄柚、草莓、香蕉、梨、猕猴桃、葡萄、苹果、芒果、菠萝、西番莲果、树莓和它们的混合物。
18.根据权利要求17的组合物,还包含0%至15%的增稠剂或混浊剂。
19.根据权利要求18的组合物,其中着色剂选自色淀黄6号、色淀红40号、色淀兰1号、核黄素、β-胡萝卜素及其混合物。
20.根据权利要求19的组合物,还包含其它维生素和不为铁和锌的矿物质。
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- 1996-10-18 CN CN96198581A patent/CN1079652C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DK0871378T3 (da) | 2002-10-07 |
WO1997015201A1 (en) | 1997-05-01 |
CN1202804A (zh) | 1998-12-23 |
DE69623326T2 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
JP3288714B2 (ja) | 2002-06-04 |
US6358544B1 (en) | 2002-03-19 |
CA2235618A1 (en) | 1997-05-01 |
BR9611253A (pt) | 1999-03-30 |
CA2395330C (en) | 2004-06-29 |
CA2235618C (en) | 2002-09-03 |
US6509045B2 (en) | 2003-01-21 |
US20020058088A1 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
PL326389A1 (en) | 1998-09-14 |
RU2197873C2 (ru) | 2003-02-10 |
US20020064578A1 (en) | 2002-05-30 |
ATE222711T1 (de) | 2002-09-15 |
AU7455996A (en) | 1997-05-15 |
PL184140B1 (pl) | 2002-09-30 |
DE69623326D1 (de) | 2002-10-02 |
EP0871378B1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
ES2178719T3 (es) | 2003-01-01 |
EP0871378A1 (en) | 1998-10-21 |
US6461652B1 (en) | 2002-10-08 |
CA2395330A1 (en) | 1997-05-01 |
US20020061347A1 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
PT871378E (pt) | 2002-11-29 |
US6607761B2 (en) | 2003-08-19 |
JPH11511337A (ja) | 1999-10-05 |
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