CN107207988A - 润滑油组合物 - Google Patents
润滑油组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107207988A CN107207988A CN201680005914.4A CN201680005914A CN107207988A CN 107207988 A CN107207988 A CN 107207988A CN 201680005914 A CN201680005914 A CN 201680005914A CN 107207988 A CN107207988 A CN 107207988A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant oil
- oil composite
- methyl
- mass
- acrylate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical group [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- -1 molybdenum amine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methacrylic acid Natural products CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical compound C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S Chemical compound [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004119 disulfanediyl group Chemical group *SS* 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 7
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019602 lubricity Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-ene Chemical group CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical compound [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-FPLPWBNLSA-M Vaccenic acid Natural products CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-FPLPWBNLSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000021322 Vaccenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AVVIDTZRJBSXML-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-carboxyphenolate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O AVVIDTZRJBSXML-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N trans-vaccenic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- FFJCNSLCJOQHKM-CLFAGFIQSA-N (z)-1-[(z)-octadec-9-enoxy]octadec-9-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC FFJCNSLCJOQHKM-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecene Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC=C VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 3-(2-carboxylatoethylsulfanyl)propanoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCSCCC([O-])=O ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical group NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000203 Salix gracilistyla Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910008458 Si—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005466 alkylenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylpiperazine Chemical compound NCCN1CCNCC1 IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZSZNUIGFWQXJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K gold(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [Au+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZSZNUIGFWQXJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJOMYNHMBRNCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CCCCC(N)N KJOMYNHMBRNCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004885 piperazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- GGHDAUPFEBTORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CCC(N)N GGHDAUPFEBTORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000011117 substance-related disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940066771 systemic antihistamines piperazine derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940095068 tetradecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005065 undecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M139/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
- C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M149/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M155/04—Monomer containing boron
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/12—Details
- F16J9/20—Rings with special cross-section; Oil-scraping rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/22—Compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
-
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M135/12—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M135/14—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
- C10M135/18—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/18—Complexes with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
- C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
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Abstract
提供润滑油组合物,其包含:基础油、(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、和(B)有机钼化合物,所述润滑油组合物用于内燃机,所述内燃机具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构,该(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯包含聚合物(A1),所述聚合物(A1)包含由下述式(1)所示的(甲基)丙烯酸酯所衍生出的重复单元、并且质均分子量为1,000~500,000,此外组合物总量中的该(B)有机钼化合物的含量以钼原子换算计为0.01~0.2质量%;式中,R1为氢原子或甲基;X为氢原子、碳原子数为1~60的烃基、或含官能团的碳原子数为1~60的烃基。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油组合物、特别是适合于降低具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构的内燃机的摩擦的润滑油组合物。
背景技术
从减小环境负担的观点出发,为了应对地球变暖而期望削减由汽车排放的CO2,对汽车等的内燃机用润滑油也要求进一步提高燃料经济性。对于提高内燃机用润滑油的燃料经济性,为了降低流体润滑区域中的摩擦,已推进了从润滑油的组成方面进行的改善、和低粘度化(例如专利文献1、2等)。然而,仅通过单纯地使润滑油低粘度化,存在的担忧在于在活塞环与内衬之间的滑动等严苛的润滑条件下的润滑性不良(摩擦磨耗增加),因此要求进一步的润滑油的最适合配方技术。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利第5044093号公报
专利文献2:日本专利第4643030号公报。
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
如上所述,从提高内燃机用润滑油的燃料经济性的观点出发,为了降低流体润滑区域中的摩擦阻抗(降低实用区域中的粘度)而推进涉及低粘度化的研究。然而,在对活塞环与内衬之间的滑动进行的润滑中,混合存在有流体润滑区域和边界润滑区域,如果单纯将发动机油进行低粘度化,则边界润滑成为支配性的润滑,存在摩擦阻抗增大的担忧。因此,对于活塞环与内衬之间的滑动部分,要求能够赋予优异的低摩擦特性的最适合配方的润滑油组合物。
即,本发明的课题在于,在具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构的内燃机中,提供适合于降低上述滑动机构的摩擦的润滑油组合物。
解决课题的手段
本发明人等鉴于上述课题而进行深入研究的结果是,作为润滑油组合物,通过使用含有润滑油基础油、(A)特定的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、和(B)有机钼化合物的润滑油组合物,在流体润滑区域和边界润滑区域中任意情况下均具有降低摩擦阻抗的效果,能够提高润滑性,其结果是发现,即使在具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构的内燃机中使用的情况中,相对于其热负荷的增大,能够大幅降低摩擦阻抗,能够维持润滑性,从而完成了本发明。
即,本发明如下所述。
[1]润滑油组合物,其包含:基础油、(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、和(B)有机钼化合物,所述润滑油组合物用于内燃机,所述内燃机具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构,
该(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯包含聚合物(A1),所述聚合物(A1)包含由下述式(1)所示的(甲基)丙烯酸酯所衍生出的重复单元、并且质均分子量为1,000~500,000,前述组合物总量中的该(B)有机钼化合物的含量以钼原子换算计为0.01~0.20质量%;
[化学式1]
(式中,R1为氢原子或甲基;X为氢原子、碳原子数为1~60的烃基、或含官能团的碳原子数为1~60的烃基)。
[2]内燃机,其具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构,在该滑动机构的滑动部中,存在[1]所述的润滑油组合物。
[3]内燃机的润滑方法,其为对内燃机中的配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构进行润滑的方法,使用上述[1]所述的润滑油组合物来润滑该活塞环和内衬。
发明效果
根据本发明,能够在具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构的内燃机中,提供适合于降低上述滑动机构的摩擦的润滑油组合物。
附图说明
图1是示出测定活塞环与内衬之间的摩擦力的浮动内衬试验机的概要的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下,对本实施方式进一步详细说明。
[润滑油组合物]
本实施方式的润滑油组合物包含:基础油、(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、和(B)有机钼化合物,所述润滑油组合物用于内燃机,所述内燃机具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构,该(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯包含聚合物(A1),所述聚合物(A1)包含由下述式(1)所示的(甲基)丙烯酸酯所衍生出的重复单元、并且质均分子量为1,000~500,000,前述组合物总量中的该(B)有机钼化合物的含量以钼原子换算计为0.01~0.20质量%;
[化学式2]
(式中,R1为氢原子或甲基;X为氢原子、碳原子数为1~60的烃基、或含官能团的碳原子数为1~60的烃基)。
(基础油)
作为本实施方式的润滑油组合物中使用的基础油,没有特别的限制,可以使用包含矿物油和/或合成油的基础油中的任一者。基础油的100℃下的运动粘度优选为10mm2/s以下、更优选为7mm2/s以下。如果100℃下的运动粘度为10mm2/s以下,则能够实现燃料经济性而不提高流体润滑区域中的摩擦系数。另一方面,100℃下的运动粘度优选为1.5mm2/s以上、更优选为2.5mm2/s以上。如果100℃下的运动粘度为1.5mm2/s以上,则能够在内燃机的阀动系统、活塞、环、轴承等滑动部中确保必要的耐磨耗性等润滑性。
作为矿物油系基础油,可以举出例如对将原油进行常压蒸馏而得到的馏分、或者对将常压蒸馏而得到的常压残油进行减压蒸馏而得到的馏分进行溶剂脱沥青、溶剂萃取、加氢裂解、溶剂脱蜡、加氢精制等处理中的1种以上而精制得到的基础油;或者通过对矿物油系蜡、利用费托(Fischer Tropsch)工艺等而制造的蜡(天然气合成蜡)进行异构化而制造的基础油等中的任一者。
这些矿物油系基础油的粘度指数优选为90以上、更优选为100以上、进一步优选为120以上。如果粘度指数为上述值以上,则通过降低组合物的低温粘度而实现燃料经济性,并且由于可以提高高温粘度,因此能够确保高温下的润滑性。应予说明,粘度指数可以按照JIS K 2283来测定。
此外,矿物油系基础油的芳族成分(%CA)优选为3.0以下、更优选为2.0以下、进一步优选为1.0以下。此外,硫成分优选为100质量ppm以下、更优选为50质量ppm以下。如果芳族成分为3.0以下、且硫成分为100质量ppm以下,则能够将组合物的氧化稳定性保持为良好。
另一方面,作为合成油基础油,可以例示出例如聚丁烯或其氢化物、1-癸烯低聚物等聚α-烯烃或其氢化物;己二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、癸二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯等二酯;三羟甲基丙烷辛酸酯、季戊四醇-2-乙基己酸酯等多元醇酯;烷基苯、烷基萘等芳族系合成油;聚亚烷基二醇;或它们的混合物。
本实施方式中,作为基础油,可以使用矿物油系基础油、合成油基础油、或选自它们中的2种以上的任意混合物等中的任一者。
本实施方式的润滑油组合物中的基础油的含量优选为60质量%以上、更优选为70质量%以上、进一步优选为75质量%以上,此外,优选为98质量%以下、更优选为95质量%以下、进一步优选为90质量%以下。
((A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯)
本实施方式的润滑油组合物为了特别是在配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构中赋予优异的降摩擦效果,含有包含聚合物(A1)的(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯,所述聚合物(A1)包含由下述式(1)所示的(甲基)丙烯酸酯所衍生出的重复单元、且质均分子量为1,000以上且500,000以下。
[化学式3]
(式中,R1为氢原子或甲基;X为氢原子、碳原子数为1~60的烃基、或含官能团的碳原子数为1~60的烃基)。
应予说明,本说明书中,聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯表示聚丙烯酸酯和/或聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯可以使用一种,也可以组合使用二种以上。
作为上述式(1)中的X,优选为碳原子数为1~30的烃基、或下述式(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)中任一者所示的基团。
[化学式4]
(式中,R11~R14各自独立地为氢原子、碳原子数为1~30的直链状烃基、碳原子数为1~30的支链状烃基、含杂原子的碳原子数为1~30的直链状烃基、或含杂原子的碳原子数为1~30的支链状烃基;
n1~n4各自独立地为1~30的整数;
Y为芳基、杂环基、酯基、酰胺基或氨基甲酸酯基)。
(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯中包含的聚合物(A1)优选为下述(A11)和/或(A12)。以下进行详细描述。
(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯优选包含聚合物(A11),所述聚合物(A11)具有源自式(1)中的X为上述式(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)中任一者所示的基团的含官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯(a)的单元。该(A11)中,上述式(1)中的X更优选具有上述式(iii)所示的基团,进一步优选具有上述式(iii)所示、且R14为氢原子的基团,特别优选具有上述式(iii)所示、R14为氢原子、且n3为1~5的基团。在(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯中优选包含70~100质量%、更优选包含80~100质量%、进一步优选包含90~100质量%的该聚合物(A11)。
此外,作为上述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯,优选包含共聚物(A12),所述共聚物(A12)具有源自上述式(1)中的X为上述式(i)、(ii)、(iii)或(iv)所示的含官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯(a)的单元、和源自上述式(1)中的X为碳原子数为1~30的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸烃基酯(b)的单元。源自含官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯(a)的单元与源自(甲基)丙烯酸烃基酯(b)的单元的共聚比[(a)/(b)]优选为10:90~90:10、更优选为20:80~80:20、特别优选为30:70~70:30。
在(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯中优选包含70~100质量%、更优选包含80~100质量%、进一步优选包含90~100质量%的该共聚物(A12)。
上述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯包含上述聚合物(A11)和共聚物(A12)两者时,以聚合物(A11)和共聚物(A12)的总计含量在(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯中优选达到70~100质量%、更优选达到80~100质量%、进一步优选达到90~100质量%的方式来制备。
应予说明,作为除上述聚合物(A11)和共聚物(A12)以外的聚合物(A1),可以举出通常用作粘度指数改进剂、降凝剂的仅由X为碳原子数为1~60的烃烷基的甲基(丙烯酸酯)单元构成的聚合物(聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯)。
应予说明,质均分子量(Mw)可以通过例如下述方法来测定。即,通过凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)法,以下述的装置和条件,测定聚苯乙烯换算计的质均分子量,将该测定值作为质均分子量(Mw)。
<GPC测定装置>
柱: Shodex LF-404
检测器: 液相色谱用RI检测器 WATERS 150C。
<测定条件>
溶剂: 氯仿
测定温度: 40℃
流速: 0.3ml/分钟
试样浓度: 0.2mg/ml
注入量: 5μl。
上述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的质均分子量为1,000以上且500,000以下。质均分子量低于1,000时,特别是配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构中的降摩擦效果低,此外,超过500,000时,难以得到在高温侧的降摩擦效果,难以稳定地维持其效果。从该观点出发,上述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的质均分子量优选为5,000以上且200,000以下、更优选为10,000以上且120,000以下、进一步优选为20,000以上且80,000以下、特别优选为20,000以上且70,000以下、最优选为30,000以上且70,000以下。
上述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的含量优选在基于组合物总量为0.01质量%以上且10质量%以下的范围内进行选择。如果该量为0.01质量%以上,则能够得到特别是配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构中的优异降摩擦效果,如果为10质量%以下,则能够得到优异的降摩擦效果而也不会存在低温时的粘度变高的问题,能够稳定地维持其效果。从上述观点出发,(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的含量基于组合物总量更优选为0.05质量%以上且5.0质量%以下、进一步优选为0.1质量%以上且2.0质量%以下。
((B)有机钼化合物)
本实施方式的润滑油组合物为了特别是在配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构中赋予优异的降摩擦效果,含有(B)有机钼化合物。
作为上述(B)有机钼化合物,可以举出例如钼·胺络合物、二硫代氨基甲酸钼、三核钼-硫化合物、二硫代磷酸钼等,优选使用二硫代氨基甲酸钼。
作为上述二硫代氨基甲酸钼,可以举出例如下述式(2)所示的物质。
[化学式5]
。
在此,上述式(2)中,R2~R5优选为碳原子数为4~22的烃基,例如烷基、烯基、烷基芳基、环烷基、环烯基等。这些当中,R2~R5优选为碳原子数为4~18的支链或直链的烷基或烯基,从与基础油的溶解性、能够容易地使用的观点来看,更优选为碳原子数为8~13的烷基。可以举出例如正辛基、2-乙基己基、异壬基、正癸基、异癸基、十二烷基、十三烷基、异十三烷基等。此外,R2~R5可以彼此相同,也可以不同,但如果R2和R3、R4和R5为不同的烷基,则在基础油中的溶解性、储存稳定性和降摩擦能力的持续性提高。
此外,上述式(2)中,X1~X4各自为硫原子或氧原子,可以是X1~X4全部为硫原子或者氧原子。在此,从耐腐蚀性的方面、提高对基础油的溶解性的方面看,优选硫原子与氧原子之比为硫原子/氧原子=1/3~3/1、进一步优选为1.5/2.5~3/1。
作为(B)成分,可以单独使用1种,也可以组合使用2种以上。
本实施方式的润滑油组合物中的(B)有机钼化合物的含量在组合物总量中以钼原子换算计为0.01~0.20质量%、优选为0.015~0.15质量%、更优选为0.02~0.12质量%、进一步优选为0.03~0.10质量%、特别优选为0.04~0.10质量%。如果上述(B)有机钼化合物的含量在组合物总量中以钼原子换算计为0.01质量%以上,则特别是在配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构中降摩擦效果、尤其是混合润滑区域中的降摩擦效果变得良好,如果为0.20质量%以下,则能够得到与含量相符的降摩擦效果。
上述(B)有机钼化合物的含量按照JPI-5S-38-92来测定。
此外,本实施方式的润滑油组合物中,上述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的含量(质量%)与前述(B)有机钼化合物的含量(以钼原子换算计、质量%)的质量比[(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的含量/(B)有机钼化合物的含量(以钼原子换算计)]优选为1.0~50、更优选为2.0~40、进一步优选为2.5~30。上述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的含量与前述(B)有机钼化合物的含量(以钼原子换算计)的质量比处于前述范围内时,即使在机油中碳烟增加的情况下,也容易表现出良好的耐磨耗性。
((C)有机磷化合物)
本实施方式的润滑油组合物优选还含有(C)有机磷化合物。
作为(C)有机磷化合物,优选为二烷基二硫代磷酸金属(Zn、Pb、Sb、Mo等)盐,更优选为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌或二烷基二氧代磷酸锌,特别优选为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌,尤其优选为下述式(3)所示的物质。
[化学式6]
(式中,R6~R9各自独立地表示选自碳原子数为6~20的直链状、支链状或环状的烷基、和碳原子数为6~20的直链状、支链状或环状的烯基中的任一种)。
上述式(3)的R6~R9的烷基或烯基的碳原子数优选为8~18、更优选为10~14、进一步优选为12。此外,上述式(3)的R6~R9优选为烷基。
作为R6~R9中的烷基,可以举出己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、十六烷基、十七烷基、十八烷基、十九烷基、和二十烷基,它们可以为直链状、支链状、环状中的任一者。此外,作为烯基,可以举出己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基、十一碳烯基、十二碳烯基、十三碳烯基、十四碳烯基、十五碳烯基、十六碳烯基、十七碳烯基、十八碳烯基、十九碳烯基、和二十碳烯基,它们可以为直链状、支链状、环状中的任一者,双键的位置也为任意。
上述式(3)中,R6~R9彼此可以相同,也可以不同,从制造上的容易性的观点出发,优选为相同。
这些当中,优选为月桂基等十二烷基、十四烷基、十六烷基、硬脂基等十八烷基、二十烷基、油烯基等十八碳烯基,最优选为月桂基。
上述二烷基二硫代磷酸锌可以使用一种或二种以上。
本实施方式的润滑油组合物中的(C)有机磷化合物的总计含量以组合物总量为基准计优选为0.1~10质量%、更优选为0.5~5.0质量%、进一步优选为1.0~3.0质量%。
(金属系清净剂)
本实施方式的润滑油组合物优选含有金属系清净剂。作为金属系清净剂,可以举出例如碱金属(钠(Na)、钾(K)等)或碱土金属(钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、钡(Ba)等)的磺酸盐、酚盐、水杨酸盐、环烷酸盐等。本实施方式中,作为金属系清净剂,优选为选自碱土金属、尤其是钙(Ca)系、和镁(Mg)系中的任意一种以上的金属系清净剂,特别优选使用它们的磺酸盐、酚盐、水杨酸盐。它们可以单独使用或者组合使用多种。
前述金属系清净剂可以为中性盐、碱性盐、和过碱性盐中的任一者。这些金属系清净剂的总碱值和含量可以根据所要求的润滑油的性能而任意选择。前述金属系清净剂的总碱值通过高氯酸法通常为500mgKOH/g以下、优选为20mgKOH/g以上且400mgKOH/g以下。此外,金属系清净剂的含量通常以润滑油组合物总量为基准计为0.1质量%以上且10质量%以下,以相对于润滑油组合物总量而言的源自金属系清净剂的金属原子换算的总计量计为0.05质量%以上且0.40质量%以下、优选为0.10质量%以上且0.30质量%以下、进一步优选为0.10质量%以上且0.25质量%以下、更进一步优选为0.12质量%以上且0.23质量%以下。通过使金属系清净剂的含量为上述范围,即使机油中碳烟增加的情况下,也容易表现出良好的耐磨耗性。
应予说明,在此所称的总碱值是指按照JIS K 2501“石油制品和润滑油-中和值试验方法”的7.而测定的利用电位滴定法(碱值·高氯酸法)而得到的总碱值。
(聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺和/或聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺硼化物)
本实施方式的润滑油组合物优选含有聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺和/或聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺硼化物作为无灰分散剂。
上述聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺具有数均分子量为900以上且3,500以下的聚丁烯基,通常可以通过使多胺与利用聚丁烯和马来酸酐的反应而得到的聚丁烯基丁二酸酐、或与对其进行加氢而得到的烷基丁二酸酐反应而得到。
作为多胺,可以举出乙二胺、丙二胺、丁二胺、戊二胺等单一的二胺;二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、四亚乙基五胺、五亚乙基六胺、二(甲基亚乙基)三胺、二亚丁基三胺、三亚丁基四胺、五亚戊基六胺等聚亚烷基多胺;氨基乙基哌嗪等哌嗪衍生物。
此外,除上述的聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺之外,还可以使用其硼化物和/或将它们用有机酸进行改性而得到的物质。聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺的硼化物可以使用通过常规方法制造的物质。例如,如前所述地制成聚丁烯基丁二酸酐后,进一步使上述多胺与氧化硼、卤化硼、硼酸、硼酸酐、硼酸酯、硼酸的铵盐等硼化合物反应从而得到中间体,使所述聚丁烯基丁二酸酐与所得中间体反应而进行酰亚胺化,由此得到。
聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺和/或聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺硼化物可以分别单独使用,或者组合使用多种。
聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺和/或聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺硼化物的含量以润滑油组合物总量为基准计优选为0.5质量%以上且15质量%以下、更优选为1质量%以上且10质量%以下。如果处于上述范围,则即使在机油中碳烟增加的情况下,也容易表现出良好的耐磨耗性,此外,也不会因其他添加剂而导致提高耐磨耗性的效果减小。前述聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺和/或聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺硼化物的总计含量以源自该丁二酰亚胺化合物的氮含量的形式以润滑油组合物总量为基准计优选为0.02质量%以上且0.40质量%以下优选、更优选为0.04质量%以上且0.40质量%以下、更进一步优选为0.04质量%以上且0.15质量%以下。进一步,前述丁二酰亚胺化合物包含其硼化物时,源自该硼化物的硼含量以组合物总量为基准计优选为0.005质量%以上且0.3质量%以下、进一步优选为0.01质量%以上且0.3质量%以下、特别优选为0.01质量%以上且0.08质量%以下。如果硼含量处于该的范围内,则能够得到良好的清浄性、分散性。
(其他添加剂)
本实施方式的润滑油组合物中,除上述的各种添加剂之外,还可以配合耐磨耗剂、极压剂、抗氧化剂、摩擦调节剂、降凝剂、防锈剂、钝化剂、消泡剂等。此外,还可以含有除前述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(B)有机钼化合物、和(C)有机磷化合物以外的粘度指数改进剂、降摩擦剂等。
作为耐磨耗剂、极压剂,可以从以往在发动机油中使用的公知的耐磨耗剂、极压剂中适当选择任意物质来使用。
可以举出例如二硫代氨基甲酸金属(Zn、Pb、Sb、Mo等)盐、环烷酸金属(Pb等)盐、脂肪酸金属(Pb等)盐、硼化合物、磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、亚磷酸氢烷基酯、磷酸酯胺盐、磷酸酯金属盐(Zn等)、二硫化物、硫化油脂、硫化烯烃、二烷基多硫化物、二芳基烷基多硫化物、二芳基多硫化物等。这些耐磨耗剂和极压剂可以单独使用或任意组合使用多种,通常其含量以润滑油组合物总量为基准计为0.1质量%以上且5质量%以下的范围。
作为抗氧化剂,可以从以往在发动机油中使用的公知的抗氧化剂中适当选择任意物质来使用,可以适合地使用酚系抗氧化剂、胺系抗氧化剂、钼系抗氧化剂、硫系抗氧化剂、磷系抗氧化剂等。具体而言,可以举出烷基化二苯基胺、苯基-α-萘基胺、烷基化苯基-α-萘基胺等胺系抗氧化剂;2,6-二叔丁基苯酚、4,4'-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸异辛酯、3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八烷基酯等酚系抗氧化剂;3,3'-硫代二丙酸二月桂基酯等硫系抗氧化剂;亚磷酸酯等磷系抗氧化剂;以及钼系抗氧化剂。这些抗氧化剂可以单独使用或者任意组合使用多种,通常优选为2种以上的组合。其含量以润滑油组合物总量为基准计优选为0.01质量%以上且5质量%以下、进一步优选为0.2质量%以上且3质量%以下。
作为摩擦调整剂,可以举出例如脂肪酸、高级醇、油脂类、酰胺、硫化酯、磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、磷酸酯胺盐等。这些摩擦调整剂可以单独使用或任意组合使用多种,通常其含量以润滑油组合物总量为基准计为0.05质量%以上且4.0质量%以下的范围。
作为降凝剂,可以举出例如乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、氯化石蜡和萘的缩合物、氯化石蜡和苯酚的缩合物、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚烷基苯乙烯等。它们的含量通常以润滑油组合物总量为基准计为0.01质量%以上且5质量%以下的范围。
作为防锈剂,可以举出例如脂肪酸、烯基丁二酸半酯、脂肪酸皂、烷基磺酸盐、脂肪酸胺、氧化石蜡、烷基聚氧乙烯醚等,通常其含量以润滑油组合物为基准计为0.01质量%以上且3质量%以下的范围。
作为金属钝化剂,可以举出苯并三唑、三唑衍生物、苯并三唑衍生物、噻二唑衍生物等,通常其含量以润滑油组合物总量为基准计为0.01质量%以上且3质量%以下的范围。
作为消泡剂,可以举出例如二甲基聚硅氧烷、聚丙烯酸酯等。
(润滑油组合物)
本实施方式的润滑油组合物含有前述基础油、前述必须成分、和根据需要的前述各种添加剂。
本实施方式的润滑油组合物中,磷的含量以润滑油组合物总量为基准计优选为0.18质量%以下。通常,从耐磨耗性的观点出发,期望上述组合物中的磷的含量在一定程度上较多,但另一方面,从减小环境负担的观点出发,期望减少含磷化合物。本实施方式中,即使为0.18质量%以下的低的磷含量,也能够实现优异的降摩擦效果。从该观点出发,磷含量以润滑油组合物总量为基准计更优选为0.15质量%以下、进一步优选为0.12质量%以下。此外,磷含量以润滑油组合物总量为基准计优选为大于0.04质量%、进一步优选为0.05质量%以上、特别优选为0.06质量%以上。
磷的含量通过前述含磷添加剂的添加量来调整即可。例如,作为代表性的磷系耐磨耗剂,可以举出磷酸酯系、硫代磷酸酯系的物质,特别是二硫代磷酸锌(ZnDTP)。可以对这些添加剂的使用或者添加量进行适当调整。
此外,本实施方式的润滑油组合物的硫酸灰分优选为1.5质量%以下、更优选为1.3质量%以下、进一步优选为1.2质量%以下。如果润滑油组合物的硫酸灰分为上述范围内,则能够抑制三元催化剂的活性点的中毒作用,能够延长催化剂寿命。
本实施方式的润滑油组合物的40℃下的运动粘度优选为10mm2/s以上且100mm2/s以下、更优选为20mm2/s以上且100mm2/s以下、进一步优选为30mm2/s以上且80mm2/s以下、特别优选为40mm2/s以上且70mm2/s以下。此外,100℃下的运动粘度优选为2.5mm2/s以上且30mm2/s以下、更优选为4mm2/s以上且20mm2/s以下、进一步优选为5mm2/s以上且15mm2/s以下、特别优选为5mm2/s以上且11mm2/s以下。如果40℃或者100℃下的运动粘度为上述范围内,则能够得到优异的降摩擦效果,故而优选。
此外,本实施方式的润滑油组合物的粘度指数优选为120以上。如果粘度指数为120以上,则通过降低组合物的低温粘度而实现燃料经济性,并且由于可以提高高温粘度,因此能够确保高温下的润滑性。从上述观点出发,本实施方式的润滑油组合物的粘度指数更优选为140以上、进一步优选为160以上、特别优选为170以上。应予说明,上述运动粘度和粘度指数可以按照JIS K 2283来测定。
本实施方式的润滑油组合物优选用于具备缸内燃料喷射装置的直喷发动机,更优选用于具备缸内燃料喷射装置和增压机的直喷增压发动机,最优选用于具备缸内燃料喷射装置和增压机的直喷增压汽油发动机。
近年来,在汽油发动机中为了实现小型轻量而推进直喷增压,但本发明人发现,直喷发动机、尤其是直喷增压发动机中,在发动机油中中碳烟增加,通过钼系化合物而得到的耐磨耗性提高效果减少。
对此,本实施方式的润滑油组合物即使在机油中碳烟增加的情况下,也能够表现出良好的耐磨耗性,因此适合于上述用途。
另一方面,本实施方式的润滑油组合物还优选用于具备排气回流装置(EGR)的发动机,更优选用于具备排气回流装置(EGR)的柴油发动机。
这与上述的直喷发动机等同样地,在具备EGR的柴油发动机中,也存在发动机油中碳烟容易增加的倾向。本实施方式的润滑油组合物即使在机油中碳烟增加的情况下,也能够表现出良好的耐磨耗性,因此也适合于本用途。
(润滑油组合物的摩擦能量)
本实施方式中,润滑油组合物的摩擦能量可以使用图1所示的浮动内衬试验机来测定。以下,针对图1所示的浮动内衬试验机进行说明。
该浮动内衬试验机1具有:具有活塞运动路2a和曲轴容纳部2b的块2、沿着活塞运动路2a的内壁配置的内衬12、容纳于内衬12内的活塞4、外嵌于活塞4的活塞环6和8、容纳于曲轴容纳部2b内的曲轴10、连接曲轴10和活塞4的连杆9、以及被内衬12和活塞运动路2a夹持且测定因活塞4的活塞往返运动而对活塞环6和内衬12之间施加的摩擦力的载重测定传感器14。
该曲轴10通过未图示的电机旋转驱动,借助连杆9而使活塞4往返运动。
该载重测定传感器14借助固定螺丝18而固定于内衬12上。该浮动内衬试验机1如图1所示,可以具备用于测定内衬12的温度的的温度计16。
该浮动内衬试验机1中,通过载重测定传感器14测定因活塞4的运动而对活塞环6和内衬12之间施加的摩擦力。
在像这样构成的浮动内衬试验机1中,润滑油组合物20在曲轴容纳部2b内填充直至比曲轴10的中心轴的中心更上方的位置且比中心轴的最上端更下方的位置的液位。该曲轴容纳部2b内的润滑油组合物20以利用旋转的曲轴10进行的飞溅式而供给至内衬12和活塞环6之间。
本实施方式的润滑油组合物中,从实现滑动机构的降摩擦的观点出发,使用下述规格的浮动内衬试验机1、在下述测定条件下测定的内衬温度为90℃下的摩擦能量优选为4.6J/转以下、更优选为4.4J/转以下、进一步优选为4.2J/转以下。
<浮动内衬试验机1的规格>
试验装置:电动电机驱动的浮动内衬试验机、
排气量:315cm3(单气缸)、
环材质:钢材(表面处理CrN涂覆)、
内衬材质:FC250铸铁。
<浮动内衬试验机1的测定条件>
内衬温度:90℃、
转速:900rpm、
测定项目:对内衬部施加的摩擦力(单位:N)
评价项目:由摩擦力算出的平均1次旋转的摩擦能量(单位:J/转)。
(润滑油组合物的制造方法)
本实施方式的润滑油组合物可以通过向前述基础油中配合前述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、和前述(B)有机钼化合物来制造。
应予说明,它们的必须成分的详细情况如前所述。此外,与该必须成分一起,可以配合前述任选成分。
(在具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构的装置中的使用)
本实施方式的润滑油组合物由于具有上述作用效果,适合于对配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构、特别是内燃机中的配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构进行润滑。
针对应用本实施方式的润滑油组合物的活塞环和内衬的材质没有特别限制,通常除铝合金之外,还可以采用铸铁合金作为内衬的材料。此外,作为活塞环的材料,可以使用Si-Cr钢、11~17质量%Cr的马氏体系不锈钢。活塞环期望对这样的原材料进一步进行镀铬处理、氮化铬处理或氮化处理以及它们的组合所涉及的底层处理,本实施方式中,从优异的降摩擦效果、密合性、和耐久性的观点出发,通过在使用了经氮化铬处理的活塞环的配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构中使用本实施方式的润滑油组合物,能够进一步增大本实施方式的效果,故而优选。
本实施方式从进一步提高燃料经济性的观点出发,优选应用于汽车的内燃机中的配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构。
(内燃机)
本实施方式还提供内燃机,其具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构,在该滑动机构的滑动部中,存在上述本实施方式的润滑油组合物。该内燃机优选具备缸内燃料喷射装置,进一步优选具备增压机。该内燃机更优选具备缸内燃料喷射装置和增压机。
针对本实施方式的润滑油组合物和配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构,如前所述。例如,上述活塞环优选具有经氮化铬处理的滑动面。
[对具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构的内燃机进行润滑的方法]
本实施方式还涉及润滑方法,其中,使用上述本实施方式的润滑油组合物,对具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构的内燃机进行润滑。
针对本实施方式的润滑油组合物和配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构,如前所述。例如,上述活塞环优选具有经氮化铬处理的滑动面。
本实施方式中,通过将本实施方式的润滑油组合物在活塞环和内衬间的滑动部分中用作润滑油,在流体润滑、混合润滑中的任一者中,能够大幅减小其摩擦,能够实现燃料经济性的提高。
实施例
接着,通过实施例对本实施方式进行具体说明,但本实施方式不因这些例子而受到任何限制。
[评价项目·评价方法]
润滑油的各性状通过以下的方法测定。
(1)运动粘度(40℃、100℃):按照JIS K 2283。
(2)粘度指数:按照JIS K 2283。
(3)钼含量:按照JPI-5S-38-92。
(4)硫酸灰分:按照JIS K 2272来测定。
(5)磷含量:按照JPI-5S-38-92。
(6)摩擦能量:针对各润滑油组合物,通过图1所示的浮动内衬试验机,由在下述条件下得到的活塞环和内衬之间的摩擦力算出平均1次旋转的摩擦能量(单位:J/转)。
·试验装置: 电动电机驱动的浮动内衬试验机(图1)
排气量:315cm3(单气缸),环材质:钢材(表面处理CrN涂覆),内衬材质:FC250铸铁
·试验条件:内衬温度为90℃,转速为900rpm
·测定项目:对内衬部施加的摩擦力(单位:N)
·评价项目:由摩擦力算出的平均1次旋转的摩擦能量(单位:J/转)。
(7)Shell 4球试验(无炭黑):使用实施例1~9和比较例1~6中制备的润滑油组合物,按照ASTM D2783,通过四球试验机在载重为294N、转速为1,200rpm、油温为80℃、试验时间为30分钟的条件下进行。将1/2英寸的3个球的磨耗痕直径进行平均而算出平均磨耗痕直径。
(8)Shell 4球试验(有炭黑):相对于实施例1~9和比较例1~6中制备的润滑油组合物97.0质量份,添加3.0质量份的炭黑(商品名:MA100,三菱化学株式会社制),制备含炭黑的润滑油组合物。使用其按照ASTM D2783,通过四球试验机在载重为294N、转速为1,200rpm、油温为80℃、试验时间为30分钟的条件下进行。将1/2英寸的3个球的磨耗痕直径进行平均而算出平均磨耗痕直径。
实施例1~9和比较例1~6
如表1所示,向同表所示的基础油中配合各种添加剂而制备润滑油组合物后,针对所得各个润滑油组合物,测定运动粘度(40℃、100℃)、粘度指数等各性状,并通过浮动内衬试验评价摩擦能量。其结果示于表1。
[表1]
。
[表2]
。
应予说明,所使用的基础油和各添加剂如下所述。
(1)加氢精制基础油:100N;40℃运动粘度为19.6mm2/s;100℃运动粘度为4.2mm2/s;粘度指数为122;芳族成分(%CA)为0.0;硫含量为低于10质量ppm
(2)有机钼化合物:硫化二硫代氨基甲酸氧钼:商品名“SAKURA-LUBE 515”(ADEKACorporation制),钼含量为10.0质量%,氮含量为1.6质量%,硫含量为11.5质量%
(3)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯1((a)丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯与(b)丙烯酸十二烷基酯的共聚物,共聚比(摩尔比)=(a)40:(b)60,质均分子量为70,000)
(4)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯2((a)丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯与(b)丙烯酸十二烷基酯的共聚物,共聚比(摩尔比)=(a)40:(b)60,质均分子量为30,000)
(5)酰胺系降摩擦剂:油烯基二乙醇酰胺
(6)酯系降摩擦剂:丙三醇单油酸酯
(7)醚系降摩擦剂:聚丙三醇单油烯基醚
(8)粘度指数提高剂:烯烃共聚物(质均分子量为500,000)
(9)二烷基二硫代磷酸锌A:Zn含量为8.9质量%,磷含量为7.4质量%,伯烷基型二烷基二硫代磷酸锌
(10)二烷基二硫代磷酸锌B:Zn含量为9.0质量%,磷含量为8.2质量%,仲烷基型二烷基二硫代磷酸锌
(11)抗氧化剂A:胺系抗氧化剂
(12)抗氧化剂B:酚系抗氧化剂
(13)金属系清净剂A:过碱性钙水杨酸盐[碱值(JIS K 2501:高氯酸法)为350mgKOH/g,钙含量为12.1质量%]
(14)金属系清净剂B:过碱性钙水杨酸盐[碱值(JIS K 2501:高氯酸法)为225mgKOH/g,钙含量为7.8质量%]
(15)聚丁烯基丁二酸双酰亚胺:聚丁烯基的数均分子量为2000,碱值(高氯酸法)为11.9mgKOH/g,氮含量;0.99质量%
(16)聚丁烯基丁二酸单酰亚胺硼化物:聚丁烯基的数均分子量为1000,碱值(高氯酸法)为25mgKOH/g,氮含量为1.23质量%,硼含量为1.3质量%
(17)其他添加剂:降凝剂、防锈剂、消泡剂等。
作为本实施方式的润滑油组合物的实施例1~9的组合物在基础油中包含本实施方式所规定的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯和有机钼化合物,任一者的浮动内衬试验中的摩擦能量均在内衬温度为90℃的条件下显示出低值。
另一方面,不含有机钼化合物的比较例1和3中得到的润滑油组合物的内衬温度为90℃下的摩擦能量高,且Shell 4球试验中确认到耐磨耗性变差。此外,不含聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的比较例2~6的润滑油组合物中,内衬温度为90℃下的摩擦能量也高,且Shell 4球试验中确认到耐磨耗性变差,这对于配合除聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯以外的降摩擦剂的比较例4~6的润滑油组合物而言也同样如此。
此外,实施例1~9的润滑油组合物在添加炭黑从而再现烟混入的情况的Shell 4球试验中,也确认到表现出与比较例1~6的润滑油组合物相比的优异的耐磨耗性。
工业实用性
本实施方式的润滑油组合物能够大幅降低配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构的摩擦,对减小环境负担和提高燃料经济性作出贡献,因此可以适合地作为用于具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构的装置、特别是用于内燃机的润滑油。
附图标记说明
1:浮动内衬试验机
2:块
2a:活塞运动路
2b:曲轴容纳部
4:活塞
6、8:活塞环
9:连杆
10:曲轴
12:内衬
14:载重测定传感器
16:温度计
18:固定螺丝
20:润滑油组合物。
Claims (20)
1.润滑油组合物,其包含:
基础油、
(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、和
(B)有机钼化合物,
所述润滑油组合物用于内燃机,所述内燃机具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构,
该(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯包含聚合物(A1),所述聚合物(A1)包含由下述式(1)所示的(甲基)丙烯酸酯所衍生出的重复单元、并且质均分子量为1,000~500,000,
所述组合物总量中的该(B)有机钼化合物的含量以钼原子换算计为0.01~0.20质量%;
[化学式1]
式中,R1为氢原子或甲基;X为氢原子、碳原子数为1~60的烃基、或含官能团的碳原子数为1~60的烃基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润滑油组合物,其中,所述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的含量以组合物总量为基准计为0.01~10质量%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的润滑油组合物,其中,所述(B)有机钼化合物为钼·胺络合物、二硫代氨基甲酸钼、三核钼-硫化合物、二硫代磷酸钼。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其中,所述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的含量与所述(B)有机钼化合物的含量的比率以[(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的含量/(B)有机钼化合物的以钼原子换算计的含量]计为1.0~50。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其还含有(C)有机磷化合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的润滑油组合物,其中,所述(C)有机磷化合物为二烷基二硫代磷酸锌或二烷基二氧代磷酸锌。
7.根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其中,硫酸灰分基于组合物总量为1.5质量%以下。
8.根据权利要求1~7中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其中,所述基础油的粘度指数为120以上。
9.根据权利要求1~8中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其中,磷含量基于组合物总量为0.18质量%以下。
10.根据权利要求1~9中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其含有聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺和/或聚丁烯基丁二酰亚胺硼化物。
11.根据权利要求1~10中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其中,所述式(1)中的X为碳原子数为1~30的烃基、或下述式(i)、(ii)、(iii)和(iv)中任一者所示的基团:
[化学式2]
式中,R11~R14各自独立地为氢原子、碳原子数为1~30的直链状烃基、碳原子数为1~30的支链状烃基、含杂原子的碳原子数为1~30的直链状烃基、或含杂原子的碳原子数为1~30的支链状烃基;
n1~n4各自独立地为1~30的整数;
Y为芳基、杂环基、酯基、酰胺基或氨基甲酸酯基。
12.根据权利要求11所述的润滑油组合物,其中,所述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯包含共聚物(A12),所述共聚物(A12)具有源自所述式(1)中的X为所述式(i)、(ii)、(iii)或(iv)所示的含官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的单元、和源自所述式(1)中的X为碳原子数为1~30的烃基的(甲基)丙烯酸烃基酯的单元。
13.根据权利要求12所述的润滑油组合物,其中,所述(A)聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯中的所述含官能团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯与所述(甲基)丙烯酸烃基酯的共聚比以摩尔比计为10:90~90:10。
14.根据权利要求1~13中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其用于配备缸内燃料喷射装置的直喷发动机。
15.内燃机,其具有配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构,在该滑动机构的滑动部中,存在权利要求1~14中任一项所述的润滑油组合物。
16.根据权利要求15所述的内燃机,其中,所述活塞环具有经氮化铬处理的滑动面。
17.根据权利要求15或16所述的内燃机,其还具有增压机。
18.根据权利要求15~17中任一项所述的内燃机,其还具有缸内燃料喷射装置。
19.内燃机的润滑方法,其为对内燃机中的配备活塞环和内衬的滑动机构进行润滑的方法,使用权利要求1~13中任一项所述的润滑油组合物来润滑该活塞环和内衬。
20.根据权利要求19所述的内燃机的润滑方法,其中,所述活塞环具有经氮化铬处理的滑动面。
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JP2020019892A (ja) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-02-06 | Emgルブリカンツ合同会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP2020090557A (ja) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | Emgルブリカンツ合同会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP2020090558A (ja) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | Emgルブリカンツ合同会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP7192597B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-19 | 2022-12-20 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | クランクシャフト及びその製造方法 |
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JP2021017473A (ja) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-02-15 | 株式会社Adeka | アクリレート共重合体及び、該アクリレート共重合体からなる有機モリブデン化合物の溶解分散安定化剤 |
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