CN107182620B - Drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system and greenhouse planting method - Google Patents

Drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system and greenhouse planting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107182620B
CN107182620B CN201710396311.8A CN201710396311A CN107182620B CN 107182620 B CN107182620 B CN 107182620B CN 201710396311 A CN201710396311 A CN 201710396311A CN 107182620 B CN107182620 B CN 107182620B
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water
greenhouse
drip irrigation
pipe
hole
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CN107182620A (en
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纪晶
李胜多
吕宝君
胡彩旗
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Qingdao Agricultural University
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Qingdao Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • A01G25/023—Dispensing fittings for drip irrigation, e.g. drippers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/16—Control of watering
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/16—Control of watering
    • A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1476—Greenhouse gutters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
    • A01G9/227—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like rolled up during non-use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
    • A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
    • A01M7/0042—Field sprayers, e.g. self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G2025/006—Tubular drip irrigation dispensers mounted coaxially within water feeding tubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Abstract

The invention discloses a drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system and a greenhouse planting method. The system comprises a greenhouse built on the ground and a drip irrigation pipe arranged in the greenhouse, wherein a vacuum glass plate is arranged at the top of the greenhouse, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum glass plate, a water tank is also arranged at the bottom of the greenhouse, the water collecting tank is connected with the water tank, and the water tank is connected with the drip irrigation pipe; the drip irrigation pipe is buried under the ground and comprises a water pipe and a cylindrical water dropper, wherein a spiral groove is formed in the cylindrical water dropper, a first drainage hole and a second drainage hole are formed in the outer wall of the cylindrical water dropper, a spiral buffer channel is formed between the spiral groove and the outer pipe wall of the water pipe, a drip-spray controller is arranged in the second drainage hole and comprises a stud, a drip-spray nozzle and a screw, and a through hole is formed in the stud; the lower part border of big-arch shelter is provided with the manger plate enclosure, and the lower tip of manger plate enclosure buries in the below ground, and the manger plate enclosure is located the top of driping irrigation the pipe.

Description

Drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system and greenhouse planting method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation of agricultural greenhouse systems, in particular to a drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system and a greenhouse planting method.
Background
At present, the planting technology of the agricultural greenhouse system is widely popularized, and the agricultural greenhouse system is matched with the drip irrigation technology to become the trend of the development of green and environment-friendly agriculture at present. The drip irrigation pipe is generally laid on the ground surface of the greenhouse and generally comprises a water pipe and a water dropper, wherein the water dropper is arranged on the inner pipe wall of the water pipe, a turbulent flow channel is formed between the water dropper and the water pipe, and water in the water pipe is discharged from a water outlet of the water pipe through the turbulent flow channel. However, in the actual use process, because the drip irrigation pipe contacts the ground, silt easily enters the water outlet, and the turbulent flow channel of the dripper is small in size, has more roundabouts, corners and dead corners, is easy to block by the silt entering from the water outlet, so that the dripper fails, crops at the corresponding position cannot obtain sufficient water supply to influence the growth, and the use reliability of the drip irrigation pipe is low; meanwhile, the drip irrigation belt is limited by the structure and can only perform drip irrigation, and the function is single. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to design a drip irrigation pipe with diversified functions and high use reliability so as to improve the use reliability of an agricultural greenhouse.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system and the greenhouse planting method are provided, so that the use reliability of the agricultural greenhouse system is improved, and products with excellent quality are obtained.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: an agricultural greenhouse system comprises a greenhouse built on the ground and a drip irrigation pipe arranged in the greenhouse, wherein a plurality of vacuum glass plates are arranged at the top of the greenhouse, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of each vacuum glass plate, a water tank is also arranged at the bottom of the greenhouse, the water collecting tank is connected with the water tank, the water tank is connected with the drip irrigation pipe, and the drip irrigation pipe is buried under the ground; the drip irrigation pipe comprises a water pipe and a plurality of cylindrical drippers, a plurality of water outlets are formed in the water pipe, a spiral groove is formed in the inner pipe wall of each cylindrical dripper, a first water drainage hole is formed in one end part of the outer wall of each cylindrical dripper, a second water drainage hole is formed in the other end part of the outer wall of each cylindrical dripper, the first water drainage hole and the second water drainage hole are respectively communicated with the spiral groove, the cylindrical drippers are sleeved outside the water pipe, a spiral buffer channel is formed between the spiral groove and the outer pipe wall of the water pipe, the water outlets are communicated with the second water drainage holes, a drip and spray controller is arranged in the second water drainage holes and comprises a stud, a drip nozzle and a screw rod, a through hole is formed in the stud, a threaded blind hole is formed in one end face of the drip nozzle, and a water outlet nozzle and a threaded hole which, one end of the stud is in threaded connection with the second drain hole, the other end of the stud is in threaded connection with the threaded blind hole, the screw is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, the threaded hole and the through hole are coaxially arranged, and a liquid storage cavity is formed between the stud and the drip nozzle; the greenhouse is characterized in that a water retaining wall is arranged at the lower edge of the greenhouse, the lower end of the water retaining wall is buried under the ground, and the water retaining wall is located above the drip irrigation pipe.
Furthermore, a water storage groove is formed in the end face of the end portion, connected with the threaded blind hole, of the stud.
Further, the aperture of the first drainage hole is gradually reduced from inside to outside.
Further, an automatic control restrictor is further arranged in the first drainage hole and comprises a first trapezoidal round platform, a connecting rod, a spring and a second trapezoidal round platform, a plurality of water flow grooves are formed in the side walls of the first trapezoidal round platform and the second trapezoidal round platform, the size of the first trapezoidal round platform is smaller than that of the second trapezoidal platform, the connecting rod is fixed on the first trapezoidal round platform, the second trapezoidal round platform is slidably arranged on the connecting rod, and the spring is arranged between the first trapezoidal round platform and the second trapezoidal round platform; the first trapezoid round platform is clamped in the first drainage hole, and a water outlet channel is formed between the water flow groove in the first trapezoid round platform and the hole wall of the first drainage hole.
Furthermore, the agricultural greenhouse system also comprises a controller and a water supply pump, the water tank is connected with the drip irrigation pipe through the water supply pump, and the upper part and the lower part of the drip irrigation pipe are correspondingly provided with an upper humidity sensor and a lower humidity sensor; the upper humidity sensor, the lower humidity sensor and the water supply pump are respectively connected with the controller; the upper humidity sensor and the lower humidity sensor are both buried under the ground.
The drip irrigation pipe is connected with the air pump and the water pump through mixing valves respectively, and the air pump and the mixing valves are connected with the controller respectively.
Further, the inside temperature sensor that is provided with of big-arch shelter with the controller is connected, the big-arch shelter is provided with the vent of switch.
The invention also provides a greenhouse planting method, which adopts the agricultural greenhouse system; the method comprises the following steps: an initial planting mode and a conventional cultivation mode;
the initial planting mode specifically comprises the following steps: the greenhouse is built on the ground, water retaining enclosing walls are arranged around the greenhouse, the drip irrigation pipes are buried by digging grooves in the greenhouse, crops are planted in the grooves, root systems of the crops are distributed around the drip irrigation pipes, and under the action of the water retaining enclosing walls, an upper soil layer of soil in the greenhouse, which is located on the ground surface, is in a dry and water-deficient state;
the conventional cultivation mode specifically comprises the following steps: in the water supply process, if the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than the set value, the water pump is controlled to input the water in the water tank into the drip irrigation pipe, and when the humidity value of the upper humidity sensor is higher than the set value, the water supply of the water pump needs to be stopped.
Further, the regular incubation pattern further comprises: when the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than a set value, air is introduced into the drip irrigation pipe to loosen the soil, and then water is supplied to the drip irrigation pipe through the water pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system, the cylindrical dripper is sleeved outside the water pipe, the spiral buffer channel is formed between the spiral groove in the cylindrical dripper and the outer pipe wall of the water pipe and replaces a turbulent flow channel to realize water flow deceleration and buffering, and the spiral buffer channel is integrally of a spiral structure without roundabout, turning and dead angles, so that the large particles can be effectively prevented from being deposited and accumulated at the roundabout, turning and dead angles, and the blockage is avoided in the flow principle, so that the use reliability can be effectively improved; meanwhile, the drip-spraying controller configured on the cylindrical drip head can be switched into two modes of the drip head and the spray head according to requirements by adjusting the position of the screw rod, so that in the actual use process, the first drainage hole is always used for drip irrigation, and the second drainage hole can be switched to drip irrigation or spray through the drip-spraying controller, so that the function diversification of the drip irrigation pipe is realized, and the use reliability is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a drip irrigation pipe in the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical dripper in the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a drip irrigation controller in the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a sectional view of the self-controlled restrictor in the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system of the embodiment includes a greenhouse 1, a storage battery (not shown), and a controller (not shown), wherein a plurality of vacuum glass plates 12 are disposed on the top of the greenhouse 1, the plurality of vacuum glass plates 12 form a light-transmitting surface of the greenhouse 1, photovoltaic power generation films 10 are disposed on a part of the vacuum glass plates 12, and every two adjacent photovoltaic power generation films 10 are disposed in a staggered manner; the greenhouse 1 is internally provided with a drip irrigation pipe 2 buried under the ground, a plurality of water outlets 20 are arranged on a water pipe of the drip irrigation pipe 2, a spiral groove 211 is formed on the inner pipe wall of a cylindrical dripper 21, a first water drainage hole 212 is arranged at one end part of the outer wall of the cylindrical dripper 21, a second water drainage hole 213 is arranged at the other end part of the outer wall of the cylindrical dripper 21, the first water drainage hole 212 and the second water drainage hole 213 are respectively communicated with the spiral groove 211, the cylindrical dripper 21 is sleeved outside the water pipe of the drip irrigation pipe 2, a spiral buffer channel 200 is formed between the spiral groove 211 and the outer pipe wall of the water pipe of the drip irrigation pipe 2, the water outlets 20 are communicated with the second water drainage hole 213, a drip and spray controller 23 is arranged in the second water drainage hole 213, the drip and spray controller 23 comprises a stud 231, a drip nozzle 232 and a screw 233, a through hole 2311 is arranged in the stud, a water outlet nozzle 2321 and a threaded hole (not marked) which are communicated with the threaded blind hole are formed in one end face of the dripping nozzle 232, one end part of the stud 231 is in threaded connection with the second water drainage hole 213, the other end part of the stud 231 is in threaded connection with the threaded blind hole, the screw 233 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, the threaded hole and the through hole 2311 are coaxially arranged, and a liquid storage cavity 230 is formed between the stud 231 and the dripping nozzle 232; a water collecting tank 13 is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum glass plate 12, a water tank 3 is also arranged at the bottom of the greenhouse 1, the water collecting tank 13 is connected with the water tank 3, the water tank 3 is connected with the drip irrigation pipe 2 through a water supply pump (not shown), and the water pump is connected with the controller; the side wall of the greenhouse 1 is provided with a vacuum insulation board (not shown), the lower edge of the greenhouse is provided with a water retaining wall 4, the lower end part of the water retaining wall 4 is buried under the ground, the water retaining wall 4 is positioned above the drip irrigation pipe 2, the upper edge of each vacuum glass plate 12 is provided with a spray pipe (not shown), and the spray pipes are connected with the water tank 3 through a cleaning pump (not shown).
Specifically, the cylindrical dripper of the drip irrigation pipe 2 in the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system of the embodiment is externally embedded outside the water pipe of the drip irrigation pipe 2, the cylindrical dripper 21 can be externally embedded outside the water pipe of the drip irrigation pipe 2 by adopting a hot-melt welding manner, the spiral groove 211 in the cylindrical dripper 21 and the outer wall of the water pipe of the drip irrigation pipe 2 form a spiral buffer channel 200, the spiral buffer channel 200 replaces a turbulent channel formed by the dripper in the prior art, because the spiral buffer channel 200 is distributed on the periphery of the drip irrigation pipe 2, the length of the spiral buffer channel 200 can be effectively increased, which is beneficial to the consumption of water flow capacity and the reduction of water pressure, so that the effect of the turbulent channel is realized by the spiral buffer channel 200, and the spiral buffer channel 200 increases the water flow stroke and consumes more energy, so that the spiral groove 211 can be much larger than the traditional internally embedded cylindrical dripper (the traditional size: 0.5-, the size of the cylindrical dripper 21 of the present invention: 2-6 mm, simultaneously, the macropore also can be opened to first drainage hole 212), more importantly, spiral buffering passageway 200 stroke does not have circuitous, turning, dead angle, avoids the precipitation and the pile up of big particulate matter in circuitous, turning, dead angle department, has avoided the jam from flowing principle. In order to enrich the functions of the drip irrigation pipe 2, the first drainage hole 212 is only used for drip irrigation, and the second drainage hole 213 can realize two operating modes of drip irrigation or spray irrigation through the drip spray controller 23, in general, in order to fully utilize the area outside the greenhouse, the relevant plants can be planted outside the greenhouse 1, and the drip irrigation pipe 2 can be utilized, so that the drip irrigation pipe 2 in the greenhouse 1 is buried in the soil, and the corresponding drip spray controller 23 is close to the through hole 2311 through the adjusting stud 231, so that the water outlet nozzle 2321 realizes the drip irrigation effect; the drip irrigation pipe 2 positioned outside the greenhouse 1 can be placed on the ground, and the effect of sprinkling irrigation by the water outlet nozzle 2321 can be realized by adjusting the stud 231 to be far away from the through hole 2311; the end face of the end part of the stud 231 connected with the threaded blind hole is provided with a water storage groove (not marked), and a liquid storage cavity 230 is formed by the water storage groove. In addition, in order to further improve the anti-blocking performance, the aperture of the first water discharge hole 212 is gradually reduced from inside to outside, and an automatic control restrictor 22 is further arranged in the first water discharge hole 212, the automatic control restrictor 22 includes a first trapezoidal circular truncated cone 221, a connecting rod 223, a spring 224 and a second trapezoidal circular truncated cone 222, the side walls of the first trapezoidal circular truncated cone 221 and the second trapezoidal circular truncated cone 222 are respectively provided with a plurality of water flow grooves (not shown), the size of the first trapezoidal circular truncated cone 221 is smaller than that of the second trapezoidal circular truncated cone 222, the connecting rod 223 is fixed on the first trapezoidal circular truncated cone 221, the second trapezoidal circular truncated cone 222 is slidably arranged on the connecting rod 223, and the spring 224 is arranged between the first trapezoidal circular truncated cone 221 and the second trapezoidal circular truncated cone 222; the first trapezoid round platform 221 is clamped in the first drainage hole 212, and a water outlet channel is formed between the water flow groove in the first trapezoid round platform 221 and the hole wall of the first drainage hole 212. Specifically, the water flow groove on the first trapezoidal round platform 221 and the hole wall of the first drainage hole 212 form a water outlet channel, water conveyed by the water pipe is finally discharged through the water outlet channel, when the water outlet channel is blocked by silt, the first trapezoidal round platform 221 can be pressed to loosen the water outlet channel, and the silt in the water outlet channel can be discharged along the water flow, so that the problem that the dripper at a certain position cannot be repaired after being blocked in the prior art is solved; meanwhile, the second trapezoidal round table 222 can move on the connecting rod 223 under the condition of being subjected to water pressures with different magnitudes, so that the size of a water outlet space between the first trapezoidal round table 221 and the second trapezoidal table 222 is changed, when the water pressure is increased, the end surface of the second trapezoidal table 222 moves under the action of the water pressure to compress the spring 224, so that the water outlet space formed by the first trapezoidal round table 221, the second trapezoidal table 222 and the first water discharge hole 212 is reduced, the flow rate is reduced, and the unstable water pressure is automatically adjusted; on the contrary, when the water pressure is reduced, the spring makes the second trapezoid 222 move reversely, the water outlet space formed by the first trapezoid 221, the second trapezoid 222 and the first drain hole 212 is enlarged, and the self-control throttler and the water pressure fluctuation establish a starting state balance state in the whole drip irrigation process.
The photovoltaic power generation film 10 is arranged on the light transmission surface of the greenhouse 1, the photovoltaic power generation film 10 is arranged in a staggered mode, the illumination direction of the sun in the daytime is changed from time to time, the photovoltaic power generation film 10 arranged in the staggered mode can ensure that crops in different position areas in the greenhouse 1 can obtain enough illumination, preferably, the photovoltaic power generation film 10 adopts an amorphous film solar cell, the amorphous film solar cell has a light transmission effect, external red light and blue light can be transmitted into the greenhouse 1, illumination required by plant growth is met, and the photovoltaic power generation film 10 is directly arranged on the light transmission surface of the greenhouse 1, the area of the photovoltaic power generation film 10 can be effectively increased, and the generated energy is improved. The electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation film 10 is stored in the storage battery, and the controller controls the relevant electric appliance parts to supply power for operation. Wherein, the lateral wall of big-arch shelter 1 adopts vacuum insulation board to keep warm, vacuum insulation board has good thermal insulation performance, and vacuum glass board 12 is adopted at the top of big-arch shelter 1, vacuum glass board 12 can ensure that 1 top of big-arch shelter has good thermal insulation performance, thereby realize night in winter, need not the user and hide the heat preservation curtain on big-arch shelter 1, in addition, adopt the light-permeable face that polylith vacuum glass board 12 concatenation formed big-arch shelter 1, vacuum glass board 12's life is longer, can avoid adopting the transparent film to need often change and the trouble that brings. And bury drip irrigation pipe 2 in the below ground in big-arch shelter 1, and still be provided with water catch bowl 13 on the photic surface of big-arch shelter 1 and collect the rainwater and save in water tank 3, when needs are irrigated, controller control water pump circular telegram, during the water pump carries drip irrigation pipe 2 with the water in the water tank 3, directly irrigates the crops root system in the soil. In the in-service use process discovery, because drip irrigation pipe 2 supplies water at the degree of depth position of subaerial crops 100 root system 101, the water from drip irrigation pipe 2 output flows downwards under the action of gravity, and crops 100's root system 101 is to waterborne, moisture is many in the deep soil, can attract crops 100's root system 101 can be deeper prick the root to the underground, make crops 100 can grow with more flourishing state, obtain the good quality agricultural product, the water of also having avoided drip irrigation pipe 2 output simultaneously is evaporated in a large number, the water consumption has been reduced. And for the ground surface in the greenhouse 1, as no water is supplied, the soil layer on the ground surface is in a dry state for a long time, so that weeds growing on the ground surface cannot survive, and the labor intensity of farmers for weeding is reduced. In order to improve the light transmittance of the vacuum glass plates 12, a shower pipe is arranged at the upper edge of each vacuum glass plate 12, the shower pipe is connected with the water tank 3 through a cleaning pump (not shown), in the actual use process, the light transmittance of the vacuum glass plates 12 is reduced due to dust and other factors, at the moment, high-pressure water is injected into the shower pipe through the cleaning pump, the surfaces of the vacuum glass plates 12 are cleaned through nozzles of the shower pipe, the water circulating from the vacuum glass plates 12 flows back to the water collecting tank 13 and flows into the water tank 3 again through the water collecting tank 13 for recycling, and a filter screen is arranged at the inlet of the water collecting tank 13 or the water tank 3 as required to filter impurities entering the water tank 3. Preferably, the photovoltaic ecological greenhouse system of the embodiment further includes an air pump (not shown), the drip irrigation pipe 2 is connected to the air pump and the water pump through a mixing valve, the air pump and the mixing valve are connected to the controller, specifically, in the actual use process, in order to increase the oxygen content at the position of the root system 101 of the crop 100, the water pump and the air pump can be connected to the drip irrigation pipe 2 through the mixing valve, and when the drip irrigation pipe 2 supplies water, a proper amount of air generated by the air pump can be delivered to the soil at the lower layer, so as to be more beneficial to the luxuriant growth of the root system 101 of the crop 100; of course, the air may be introduced first as needed to transport water, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In order to ensure that the surface soil layer in the greenhouse 1 is always in a dry state and avoid external rain and other factors from causing external water to flow into the greenhouse 1, the lower edge of the greenhouse 1 is provided with a water-retaining wall 4, the lower end part of the water-retaining wall 4 is buried below the ground, and the water-retaining wall 4 is positioned above the drip irrigation pipe 2. Specifically, the water retaining wall 4 encloses soil at a certain depth below the ground surface inside the greenhouse 1 to be isolated from the outside, under the action of the water retaining wall 4, rainwater outside the greenhouse 1 can be prevented from permeating into a surface soil layer in the greenhouse 1 from the ground surface, so that the ground surface inside the greenhouse 1 is ensured to be in a dry and dry state, in the growth process of crops in the greenhouse 1, water is directly supplied to root systems 101 of the crops 100 from the ground surface by using the drip irrigation pipe 2 to ensure that the ground surface is in the dry state, weeds on the ground surface are difficult to germinate or survive due to water shortage, meanwhile, the humidity in the inner space of the greenhouse 1 is kept at a lower level by the dry ground surface, thereby bacteria and insects are difficult to grow and propagate on the crops 100, the use amount of pesticides can be greatly reduced, meanwhile, a weed killer can be completely eradicated, and a large amount of labor force is not required to artificially weed, the purpose of green and environment-friendly planting is achieved; meanwhile, the dry ground surface can facilitate the farmer to dig and ventilate, and the quality of agricultural products can be greatly improved. The depth of the water retaining wall 4 buried in the soil in the embodiment is determined according to the growth depth of the local weed species root system, so as to ensure that the depth of the dry soil layer on the ground surface does not meet the requirement of the growth of the weeds, and the burying depth of the drip irrigation pipe 2 depends on the growth depth of the root system 101 of the crops 100, and the growth depth of the root system 101 of the crops 100 is larger than the growth depth of the root system of the weeds, so that the drip irrigation pipe 2 only supplies water to the crops 100, and the soil layer with the specific depth on the ground surface is always ensured to be kept in a dry state, and the height dimension of the water retaining wall 4 and the burying depth dimension of the drip irrigation pipe.
Further, in order to realize automatic irrigation and planting and more accurately control the water supply amount of the drip irrigation pipe 2, an upper humidity sensor 51 and a lower humidity sensor 52 are correspondingly arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the drip irrigation pipe 2, and the upper humidity sensor 51 and the lower humidity sensor 52 are respectively connected with the controller; the upper humidity sensor 51 and the lower humidity sensor 52 are buried under the ground. Specifically, in the crop planting process, the drip irrigation pipe 2, the lower humidity sensor 52 and the root system 101 of the crop 100 are buried in the soil in the greenhouse 1 through the trench, the upper humidity sensor 51 is buried in the soil on the upper layer in the burying process, in the actual irrigation process, the lower humidity sensor 52 detects the surrounding humidity value to judge whether the drip irrigation pipe 2 needs to supply water for irrigation, in the irrigation process, if the humidity detected by the upper humidity sensor 51 is larger than a set value, the continuous irrigation of the drip irrigation pipe 2 is stopped, so that the ground surface is ensured to be in a dry state, and the root system 101 of the crop 100 can obtain the optimal water supply amount. Preferably, a water level detector (not shown) connected with the controller is arranged in the water tank 3, and when the water level detector detects that the water in the water tank 3 reaches the maximum water storage capacity in rainy seasons with large rainfall, the water pump is started to convey redundant rainwater to other containers for temporary storage, so that the water supply requirement of uneven rainfall distribution in different seasons is met.
In addition, 1 inside of big-arch shelter be provided with the temperature sensor (not shown) that the controller is connected, big-arch shelter 1 is provided with the vent 14 of switch, and is concrete, can the temperature in real-time supervision big-arch shelter 1 through temperature sensor, when the high temperature in big-arch shelter 1, will influence crops fast growing, then has controller control big-arch shelter 1 to open the vent. When the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is too low, the crops can be influenced to grow rapidly, and the controller controls the greenhouse 1 to close the ventilation opening and keep warm in due time. Preferably, photosynthesis time for effectual extension crops, solar protection devices (not shown) of switch still are provided with in 1 top in big-arch shelter, solar protection devices will cooperate light sensor (not shown), in the highest period of noon sunshine intensity, because illumination intensity can lead to crops to stop photosynthesis on the contrary because the illumination intensity is too strong, be greater than the setting value after the light intensity that light sensor detected, controller control solar protection devices opens and covers big-arch shelter 1, reduce the light intensity in big-arch shelter 1, thereby make crops in the big-arch shelter 1 continue to carry out photosynthesis, it is richer to reach the nutrition of crops, better quality. The sun-shading device can be a sun-shading net, a sun-shading film or a sun-shading board and other sun-shading equipment.
The invention also provides a greenhouse planting method, which adopts the agricultural greenhouse system; the method comprises the following steps: an initial planting mode and a conventional cultivation mode;
the initial planting mode specifically comprises the following steps: the greenhouse is built on the ground and the water retaining enclosing wall is arranged around the greenhouse, the ditch is dug inside the greenhouse to bury the drip irrigation pipe and plant crops, moreover, root systems of the crops are distributed around the drip irrigation pipe, and the upper soil layer of the soil in the greenhouse on the ground surface is in a dry water shortage state under the action of the water retaining enclosing wall. Specifically, the greenhouse is constructed in the process of forming a water retaining wall at the bottom of the greenhouse, and after the greenhouse is constructed, a groove is dug in the greenhouse to lay a drip irrigation pipe humidity sensor and plant crops.
The conventional cultivation mode specifically comprises the following steps: in the water supply process, if the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than the set value, the water pump is controlled to input the water in the water tank into the drip irrigation pipe, and when the humidity value of the upper humidity sensor is higher than the set value, the water supply of the water pump needs to be stopped. After crops are planted in the greenhouse, conventional water supply cultivation can be performed, and the specific water supply amount can be adjusted according to requirements of different types of crops, so that more accurate water supply for the crops can be realized. Preferably, for crops, keeping good air permeability of soil is an important factor for flourishing growth, therefore, in the process of supplying water, when the humidity value detected by the current humidity sensor is lower than a set value, the soil around the root systems of the crops is in a relatively dry state, at the moment, air can be introduced into the drip irrigation pipe for loosening the soil, then, water is supplied to the drip irrigation pipe through the water pump, the underground soil is ventilated, soil hardening is reduced, water retention, fertilizer retention, ventilation and root development promotion are facilitated, a comfortable growth environment is provided for the crops, effects which cannot be achieved in conventional agricultural planting can be achieved, and the root systems of the crops are developed, so that the fruits growing the crops are better.

Claims (8)

1. A drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system comprises a greenhouse built on the ground and drip irrigation pipes arranged in the greenhouse, and is characterized in that a plurality of vacuum glass plates are arranged at the top of the greenhouse, water collecting grooves are formed in the bottoms of the vacuum glass plates, water tanks are further arranged at the bottoms of the greenhouse, the water collecting grooves are connected with the water tanks, the water tanks are connected with the drip irrigation pipes, and the drip irrigation pipes are buried under the ground; the drip irrigation pipe comprises a water pipe and a plurality of cylindrical drippers, a plurality of water outlets are formed in the water pipe, a spiral groove is formed in the inner pipe wall of each cylindrical dripper, a first water drainage hole is formed in one end part of the outer wall of each cylindrical dripper, a second water drainage hole is formed in the other end part of the outer wall of each cylindrical dripper, the first water drainage hole and the second water drainage hole are respectively communicated with the spiral groove, the cylindrical drippers are sleeved outside the water pipe, a spiral buffer channel is formed between the spiral groove and the outer pipe wall of the water pipe, the water outlets are communicated with the second water drainage holes, a drip and spray controller is arranged in the second water drainage holes and comprises a stud, a drip nozzle and a screw rod, a through hole is formed in the stud, a threaded blind hole is formed in one end face of the drip nozzle, and a water outlet nozzle and a threaded hole which, one end of the stud is in threaded connection with the second drain hole, the other end of the stud is in threaded connection with the threaded blind hole, the screw is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, the threaded hole and the through hole are coaxially arranged, and a liquid storage cavity is formed between the stud and the drip nozzle; the lower edge of the greenhouse is provided with a water-retaining wall, the lower end part of the water-retaining wall is buried under the ground, and the water-retaining wall is positioned above the drip irrigation pipe;
the automatic control restrictor comprises a first trapezoidal round platform, a connecting rod, a spring and a second trapezoidal round platform, wherein a plurality of water flow grooves are formed in the side walls of the first trapezoidal round platform and the second trapezoidal round platform, the size of the first trapezoidal round platform is smaller than that of the second trapezoidal platform, the connecting rod is fixed on the first trapezoidal round platform, the second trapezoidal round platform is slidably arranged on the connecting rod, and the spring is arranged between the first trapezoidal round platform and the second trapezoidal round platform; the first trapezoid round platform is clamped in the first drainage hole, and a water outlet channel is formed between the water flow groove in the first trapezoid round platform and the hole wall of the first drainage hole.
2. The drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system according to claim 1, wherein a water storage groove is formed in the end face of the end portion, connected with the threaded blind hole, of the stud.
3. The drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system according to claim 1, wherein the first drain hole has a diameter that gradually decreases from the inside to the outside.
4. The agricultural greenhouse system of claim 1, further comprising a controller and a water supply pump, wherein the water tank is connected to the drip irrigation pipe through the water supply pump, and an upper humidity sensor and a lower humidity sensor are disposed on the upper portion and the lower portion of the drip irrigation pipe, respectively; the upper humidity sensor, the lower humidity sensor and the water supply pump are respectively connected with the controller; the upper humidity sensor and the lower humidity sensor are both buried under the ground.
5. The agricultural greenhouse system of claim 4, further comprising an air pump, wherein the drip irrigation pipe is connected to the air pump and the water pump through a mixing valve, and the air pump and the mixing valve are connected to the controller.
6. The agricultural greenhouse system of claim 4, wherein the greenhouse is provided with a temperature sensor inside and connected to the controller, and the greenhouse is provided with an openable and closable vent.
7. A greenhouse cultivation method, characterized in that the drip irrigation type agricultural greenhouse system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is adopted; the method comprises the following steps: an initial planting mode and a conventional cultivation mode;
the initial planting mode specifically comprises the following steps: the greenhouse is built on the ground, water retaining enclosing walls are arranged around the greenhouse, the drip irrigation pipes are buried by digging grooves in the greenhouse, crops are planted in the grooves, root systems of the crops are distributed around the drip irrigation pipes, and under the action of the water retaining enclosing walls, an upper soil layer of soil in the greenhouse, which is located on the ground surface, is in a dry and water-deficient state;
the conventional cultivation mode specifically comprises the following steps: in the water supply process, if the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than the set value, the water pump is controlled to input the water in the water tank into the drip irrigation pipe, and when the humidity value of the upper humidity sensor is higher than the set value, the water supply of the water pump needs to be stopped.
8. The greenhouse planting method of claim 7, wherein the normal cultivation mode further comprises: when the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than a set value, air is introduced into the drip irrigation pipe to loosen the soil, and then water is supplied to the drip irrigation pipe through the water pump.
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CN107750708A (en) 2018-03-06
CN107231974B (en) 2020-05-08
CN108157028B (en) 2020-09-22
CN107182621A (en) 2017-09-22
CN107182620A (en) 2017-09-22
CN107182632B (en) 2020-05-08
CN107182621B (en) 2020-05-08
CN208863238U (en) 2019-05-17
CN108307878B (en) 2020-08-25
CN108307878A (en) 2018-07-24
CN107231974A (en) 2017-10-10
CN107182632A (en) 2017-09-22

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