CN108307878B - Agricultural greenhouse and greenhouse planting method - Google Patents

Agricultural greenhouse and greenhouse planting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108307878B
CN108307878B CN201810027363.2A CN201810027363A CN108307878B CN 108307878 B CN108307878 B CN 108307878B CN 201810027363 A CN201810027363 A CN 201810027363A CN 108307878 B CN108307878 B CN 108307878B
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China
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water
greenhouse
water supply
supply pipe
pump
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CN201810027363.2A
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CN108307878A (en
Inventor
李胜多
胡彩旗
纪晶
李建敏
孙元新
刘刚
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Qingdao Agricultural University
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Qingdao Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • A01G25/023—Dispensing fittings for drip irrigation, e.g. drippers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/16—Control of watering
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/16—Control of watering
    • A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1476—Greenhouse gutters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
    • A01G9/227—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like rolled up during non-use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
    • A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
    • A01M7/0042—Field sprayers, e.g. self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G2025/006—Tubular drip irrigation dispensers mounted coaxially within water feeding tubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural greenhouse and a greenhouse planting method. The agricultural greenhouse comprises a greenhouse body, a storage battery and a controller, wherein a plurality of vacuum glass plates are arranged at the top of the greenhouse body, the vacuum glass plates are arranged in an array mode to form a light transmission surface of the greenhouse body, photovoltaic power generation films are arranged on part of the vacuum glass plates, and every two adjacent photovoltaic power generation films are arranged in a staggered mode; a water supply pipe buried under the ground is arranged in the greenhouse, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the water supply pipe, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum glass plate, a water tank is further arranged at the bottom of the greenhouse, the water collecting tank is connected with the water tank, the water tank is connected with the water supply pipe through a water supply pump, and the water pump is connected with the controller; the lateral wall of big-arch shelter is provided with vacuum insulation board, and the big-arch shelter is provided with the manger plate enclosure, and the top edge of every vacuum glass board is provided with the shower, and the shower passes through the scavenging pump to be connected with the water tank. The labor intensity of farmers is reduced, the quality of agricultural products is improved, and the purpose of green and environment-friendly planting is achieved.

Description

Agricultural greenhouse and greenhouse planting method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouses, in particular to an agricultural greenhouse and a greenhouse planting method.
Background
At present, the planting technology of the agricultural greenhouse is widely popularized, and the agricultural greenhouse is matched with the photovoltaic power generation technology to become the trend of the development of green and environment-friendly agriculture at present. Photovoltaic big-arch shelter generally comprises heat preservation big-arch shelter and photovoltaic power generation board, and photovoltaic power generation board adopts the support mounting in heat preservation big-arch shelter's top usually, and the heat preservation big-arch shelter is used for planting crops, and photovoltaic power generation board is used for utilizing the area of big-arch shelter to carry out photovoltaic power generation. However, due to the influence of current air pollution, the haze weather is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation panel is easily influenced by excessive surface dust; and the big-arch shelter upper portion adopts to cover transparent film usually, and long-time back of using, transparent film leads to its light transmissivity to reduce because of long-time insolate to, also be covered by the dust easily on the transparent film and influence the fast growth of crops in the big-arch shelter, simultaneously, evening in winter, in order to keep warm, the peasant household still need draw the heat preservation curtain, peasant household's intensity of labour is great. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to design a greenhouse technology which is environment-friendly, has good heat preservation performance and reduces the labor intensity of farmers.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the agricultural greenhouse and the greenhouse planting method are provided, so that the automatic management of the agricultural greenhouse is realized, and the labor intensity of farmers is reduced.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: an agricultural greenhouse comprises a greenhouse body, a storage battery and a controller, wherein the greenhouse body is built on the ground, a plurality of vacuum glass plates are arranged on the outer side of the top of the greenhouse body, the vacuum glass plates are arranged in an array mode to form a light transmission surface of the greenhouse body, photovoltaic power generation films are arranged on part of the vacuum glass plates, and every two adjacent photovoltaic power generation films are arranged in a staggered mode; a water supply pipe buried under the ground is arranged in the greenhouse, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the water supply pipe, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum glass plate, a water tank is further arranged at the bottom of the greenhouse, the water collecting tank is connected with the water tank, the water tank is connected with the water supply pipe through a water supply pump, and the water pump is connected with the controller; the side wall of the greenhouse is provided with a vacuum insulation board, the lower edge of the greenhouse is provided with a water retaining wall, the lower end part of the water retaining wall is buried below the ground, the water retaining wall is located above the water supply pipe, the upper edge of each vacuum glass plate is provided with a spray pipe, and the spray pipes are connected with the water tank through cleaning pumps.
Further, still include ultrasonic atomization device, ultrasonic atomization device includes water pitcher, ultrasonic atomization ware and many conveyer pipes, the conveyer pipe sets up the top inboard of big-arch shelter is connected the water pitcher, a plurality of openings have been seted up on the conveyer pipe, ultrasonic atomization ware sets up in the water pitcher, ultrasonic atomization ware still with the controller is connected.
Furthermore, the water tank is provided with a switchable dosing port and a switchable water replenishing port.
Further, the automatic water supply system comprises a water supply pipe, a water pump and a water tank, the water tank is connected with the water supply pipe through the water pump, and the water pump is connected with the controller; the water supply pipe is buried under the ground in the greenhouse, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the water supply pipe, a water retaining wall is arranged on the lower edge of the greenhouse, the lower end part of the water retaining wall is buried under the ground, and the water retaining wall is located above the water supply pipe; the soil humidity sensor comprises an upper humidity sensor and a lower humidity sensor, the upper humidity sensor and the lower humidity sensor are both buried under the ground, and the upper part and the lower part of the water supply pipe are correspondingly provided with the upper humidity sensor and the lower humidity sensor.
Further, the water supply pipe includes a flexible strip-shaped belt; along the width direction, the middle part of the flexible strip-shaped belt is a water supply area, two side parts of the flexible strip-shaped belt are turbulent areas respectively, wherein a plurality of corrugated grooves are arranged in one turbulent area, and the corrugated grooves are provided with water outlet holes; the flexible strip-shaped belt is folded in half along the width direction, the water supply area forms a water supply channel, the two turbulent areas are pressed together to form a water outlet part, the corrugated grooves in the water outlet part form turbulent channels, and inlets and outlets of the turbulent channels are respectively communicated with the water supply channel.
Furthermore, each water outlet hole is covered with an elastic sheet, one end part of each elastic sheet is fixed on the water supply pipe, and the other end of each elastic sheet is bonded on the water supply pipe through hydrosol.
Further, the agricultural greenhouse further comprises an air pump, the water supply pipe is respectively connected with the air pump and the water pump through a mixing valve, and the air pump and the mixing valve are respectively connected with the controller.
Further, the inside temperature sensor that is provided with of big-arch shelter with the controller is connected, the big-arch shelter is provided with the vent of switch.
The invention also provides a greenhouse planting method, which adopts the agricultural greenhouse; the method comprises the following steps: the greenhouse is built on the ground, the water retaining enclosing walls are arranged around the greenhouse, the water supply pipe is buried by digging grooves in the greenhouse, crops are planted in the grooves, root systems of the crops are distributed around the water supply pipe, and soil in a soil layer on the ground surface in the greenhouse is in a dry and water-deficient state under the action of the water retaining enclosing walls; in the water supply process, if the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than the set value, the water pump is controlled to input the water in the water tank into the water supply pipe, and when the humidity value of the upper humidity sensor is higher than the set value, the water supply of the water pump needs to be stopped.
Further, when the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than a set value, gas is introduced into the water supply pipe to loosen the soil, and then water is supplied to the water supply pipe through the water pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the agricultural greenhouse and the greenhouse planting method, the surrounding plate assemblies are arranged on the periphery of the steel structure frame, the vacuum heat-insulation plates in the surrounding plate assemblies can effectively improve the heat-insulation performance of the side walls of the greenhouse, meanwhile, the foaming materials are filled in the surrounding plate assemblies, on one hand, the foaming materials form foaming layers to further improve the heat-insulation capacity, on the other hand, the foaming materials connect the inner surrounding plates, the outer surrounding plates and the vacuum heat-insulation plates together in a reliable connection mode, and the overall structural strength of the greenhouse is improved; the light-transmitting surface of the greenhouse is composed of the vacuum glass plates, the vacuum glass plates have good heat insulation performance, and the vacuum glass plates are matched with the heat insulation effect of the greenhouse surrounding plate assembly, so that the greenhouse is not required to be covered with heat insulation curtain cloth at night, the labor intensity of farmers is effectively reduced, and products with good quality are obtained. The greenhouse collects all rainfall and stores the rainfall in the water tank, the water supply pipe is buried below the ground, water in the water tank is conveyed into the water supply pipe through the water pump, the burying depth of the water supply pipe is reasonably designed according to the growth depth of root systems of crops planted in the greenhouse, water outlet holes of the water supply pipe can directly supply water to the root systems of the crops, the situation that water is evaporated in large amount due to surface water supply is effectively reduced, and the water consumption is greatly reduced; meanwhile, water output by the water supply pipe is arranged below the ground surface, so that a soil layer at a certain depth of the ground surface is kept in a drought and water-deficient state, weeds cannot germinate and grow in soil near the ground surface, weed killing agents are not needed, manual, animal or mechanical weeding is not needed, meanwhile, the ground in the greenhouse is kept in a drought state, the humidity in the greenhouse is reduced, in a dry environment, bacteria and insects hardly grow and reproduce on crops, the effect of preventing plant diseases and insect pests can be achieved, the pesticide consumption of the agricultural greenhouse is reduced, and the purpose of green and environment-friendly planting is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a vacuum glass plate in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing a water supply pipe in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a water supply pipe in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second partial sectional view of a water supply pipe of the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a third partial sectional view of a water supply pipe in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a flexible strip-shaped belt in the agricultural greenhouse of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the agricultural greenhouse of the embodiment includes a greenhouse 1, a storage battery (not shown), and a controller (not shown), wherein a plurality of vacuum glass plates 12 are disposed on the top of the greenhouse 1, the plurality of vacuum glass plates 12 form a light-transmitting surface of the greenhouse 1, photovoltaic power generation films 10 are disposed on a part of the vacuum glass plates 12, and every two adjacent photovoltaic power generation films 10 are disposed in a staggered manner; a water supply pipe 2 buried under the ground is arranged in the greenhouse 1, and a plurality of water outlet holes 20 are formed in the water supply pipe 2; a water collecting tank 13 is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum glass plate 12, a water tank 3 is further arranged at the bottom of the greenhouse 1, the water collecting tank 13 is connected with the water tank 3, the water tank 3 is connected with the water supply pipe 2 through a water supply pump (not shown), and the water pump is connected with the controller; the side wall of the greenhouse 1 is provided with a vacuum insulation board (not shown), the lower edge of the greenhouse is provided with a water retaining wall 4, the lower end part of the water retaining wall 4 is buried under the ground, the water retaining wall 4 is positioned above the water supply pipe 2, the upper edge of each vacuum glass plate 12 is provided with a spray pipe 121, and the spray pipes 121 are connected with the water tank 3 through a cleaning pump (not shown).
Specifically, in the agricultural greenhouse of the embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation films 10 are arranged on the light transmission surface of the greenhouse 1, the photovoltaic power generation films 10 are arranged in a staggered manner, and because the illumination direction of the sun in the daytime is changed from time to time, the photovoltaic power generation films 10 arranged in the staggered manner can ensure that crops in different position areas in the greenhouse 1 can obtain enough illumination, preferably, the photovoltaic power generation films 10 adopt amorphous film solar cells which have a light transmission effect and can transmit external red light and blue light into the greenhouse 1 to meet illumination required by plant growth, and because the photovoltaic power generation films 10 are directly arranged on the light transmission surface of the greenhouse 1, the area of the photovoltaic power generation films 10 can be effectively increased, and the generated energy is improved. The electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation film 10 is stored in the storage battery, and the controller controls the relevant electric appliance parts to supply power for operation. Wherein, the lateral wall of big-arch shelter 1 adopts vacuum insulation board to keep warm, vacuum insulation board has good thermal insulation performance, and vacuum glass board 12 is adopted at the top of big-arch shelter 1, vacuum glass board 12 can ensure that 1 top of big-arch shelter has good thermal insulation performance, thereby realize night in winter, need not the user and hide the heat preservation curtain on big-arch shelter 1, in addition, adopt the light-permeable face that polylith vacuum glass board 12 concatenation formed big-arch shelter 1, vacuum glass board 12's life is longer, can avoid adopting the transparent film to need often change and the trouble that brings. The water supply pipe 2 is buried under the ground in the greenhouse 1, the water collecting tank 13 is further arranged on the light transmitting surface of the greenhouse 1 to collect rainwater and store the rainwater in the water tank 3, when irrigation is needed, the controller controls the water pump to be electrified, the water pump conveys water in the water tank 3 into the water supply pipe 2, the water pressure in the water supply pipe 2 is increased, so that the water outlet hole 20 of the water in the water supply pipe 2 is discharged, crop roots in soil are directly irrigated, in the actual use process, the fact that the water supply pipe 2 supplies water at the depth position of the roots 101 of the crops 100 below the ground, the water output from the water supply pipe 2 flows downwards under the action of gravity, the roots 101 of the crops 100 have water, the water in deep soil is high in content, the roots 101 of the crops 100 can be attracted to be deeply rooted underground, the crops 100 can grow in a more vigorous state, and high-quality agricultural products can, meanwhile, the water output by the water supply pipe 2 is prevented from being evaporated in a large amount, and the water consumption is reduced. And for the ground surface in the greenhouse 1, as no water is supplied, the soil layer on the ground surface is in a dry state for a long time, so that weeds growing on the ground surface cannot survive, and the labor intensity of farmers for weeding is reduced. In order to improve the light transmittance of the vacuum glass plates 12, a shower pipe 121 is disposed at the upper edge of each vacuum glass plate 12, the shower pipe 121 is connected to the water tank 3 through a cleaning pump (not shown), during the actual use, the light transmittance of the vacuum glass plates 12 is reduced due to dust and other factors, at this time, high-pressure water is injected into the shower pipe 121 through a nozzle of the shower pipe 121 through the cleaning pump to clean the surfaces of the vacuum glass plates 12, and the water flowing from the vacuum glass plates 12 flows back to the water collecting tank 13 and flows into the water tank 3 again through the water collecting tank 13 for reuse, and a filter screen is disposed at the inlet of the water collecting tank 13 or the water tank 3 as required to filter impurities entering the water tank 3. Preferably, the photovoltaic ecological greenhouse system of this embodiment further includes an air pump (not shown), the water supply pipe 2 is connected to the air pump and the water pump through a mixing valve, and the air pump and the mixing valve are connected to the controller, specifically, in the actual use process, in order to increase the oxygen content at the position of the root system 101 of the crop 100, the water pump and the air pump can be connected to the water supply pipe 2 through the mixing valve at the same time, and when the water supply pipe 2 supplies water, a proper amount of air generated by the air pump can be delivered to the soil at the lower layer, so as to facilitate the luxuriant growth of the root system 101 of the crop 100; of course, the air may be introduced first as needed to transport water, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In addition, the agricultural greenhouse of the embodiment further comprises an ultrasonic atomizing device 6, the ultrasonic atomizing device 6 comprises a water tank 61, an ultrasonic atomizer (not shown) and a plurality of conveying pipes 62, the conveying pipes 62 are arranged on the inner side of the top of the greenhouse 1 and connected with the water tank 61, a plurality of openings are formed in the conveying pipes 62, the ultrasonic atomizer is arranged in the water tank 61 and further connected with the controller, specifically, under a specific condition, the interior of the greenhouse 1 can be humidified, sprayed and cooled through the ultrasonic atomizing device 6, water in the water tank 61 forms atomized gas under the action of the ultrasonic atomizer, the atomized gas is released from the openings of the conveying pipes 62 to the interior of the greenhouse 1, and when the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is too high, the temperature in the greenhouse 1 can be cooled and the humidity can be adjusted through releasing water mist, similarly, the pesticide can be added into the water tank 61, and the atomized water vapor is sprayed to realize the functions of automatic temperature control, humidity control and pesticide spraying, and the ultrasonic atomizer is used for conveying the pesticide into the environment in a molecular form to realize the drug immunity, so that the utilization rate of the pesticide can be improved in the spray immunity mode, and the immunity effect is better.
The light-transmitting surface of the greenhouse is composed of the vacuum glass plates, the vacuum glass plates have good heat insulation performance, and the vacuum glass plates are matched with the heat insulation effect of the greenhouse surrounding plate assembly, so that the greenhouse is not required to be covered with heat insulation curtain cloth at night, the labor intensity of farmers is effectively reduced, and products with good quality are obtained. The greenhouse collects all rainfall and stores the rainfall in the water tank, the water supply pipe is buried below the ground, water in the water tank is conveyed into the water supply pipe through the water pump, the burying depth of the water supply pipe is reasonably designed according to the growth depth of root systems of crops planted in the greenhouse, water outlet holes of the water supply pipe can directly supply water to the root systems of the crops, the situation that water is evaporated in large amount due to surface water supply is effectively reduced, and the water consumption is greatly reduced; meanwhile, water output by the water supply pipe is arranged below the ground surface, so that a soil layer at a certain depth of the ground surface is kept in a drought and water-deficient state, weeds cannot germinate and grow in soil near the ground surface, weed killing agents are not needed, manual, animal or mechanical weeding is not needed, meanwhile, the ground in the greenhouse is kept in a drought state, the humidity in the greenhouse is reduced, in a dry environment, bacteria and insects hardly grow and reproduce on crops, the effect of preventing plant diseases and insect pests can be achieved, the pesticide consumption of the agricultural greenhouse is reduced, and the purpose of green and environment-friendly planting is achieved.
Because supply pipe 2 is owing to bury in soil, in order to avoid supply pipe 2's apopore 20 to be blockked up by silt, apopore 20 need carry out corresponding improvement in order to avoid apopore 20 to be blockked up by silt, and concrete structural scheme is as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, each water outlet hole 20 is covered with an elastic sheet 21, one end of the elastic sheet 21 is fixed to the water supply pipe 2, and the other end of the elastic sheet 21 is adhered to the water supply pipe 2 by hydrosol. Specifically, in the process of burying the water supply pipe 2, the elastic piece 21 is bonded on the water supply pipe 2 by hydrosol, so that the influence of silt entering the water outlet hole 20 on normal irrigation can be avoided; when the water-saving water supply device is used for the first time, after water flows into the water supply pipe 2, the water can dissolve hydrosol between the elastic sheet 21 and the water supply pipe 2, so that the other end of the elastic sheet 21 is opened under the action of water pressure, water in the water supply pipe 2 is discharged from the water outlet hole 20, and after water is cut off, the elastic sheet 21 can automatically reset under the action of self elasticity to cover the water outlet hole 20.
Also, in order to further improve the anti-clogging performance, as shown in fig. 5 to 8, the water supply pipe 2 includes a flexible strip 200; along the width direction, the middle part of the flexible strip-shaped belt 200 is a water supply area 201, two side parts of the flexible strip-shaped belt 200 are turbulent flow areas 202 respectively, wherein one turbulent flow area 202 is provided with a plurality of corrugated grooves 203, and water outlet holes 20 are formed in the corrugated grooves 203; the flexible strip-shaped belt 200 is folded in half along the width direction, the water supply area 201 forms a water supply channel 21, the two turbulent flow areas 202 are pressed together to form a water outlet part 22, the corrugated grooves 203 in the water outlet part 22 form turbulent flow channels 23, and the inlets and outlets of the turbulent flow channels 23 are respectively communicated with the water supply channel 21. Specifically, the flexible strip-shaped belt 200 is folded and pressed in half to form a water supply channel 21, water flows enter the water supply channel 21, the water flows in the water supply channel 21 flow into the turbulent flow channel 23 and is output from the water outlet hole 20, the turbulent flow channel 23 is formed by the corrugated grooves 203, the water flows are guided to flow through the corrugated grooves 203 to form a turbulent flow field, in addition, the corrugated grooves 203 have no roundabout and dead corners in the whole process, so that the blockage of the turbulent flow channel 23 by silt can be effectively reduced, the blockage resistance is greatly improved, and even if the turbulent flow channel 23 is blocked by the silt due to the fact that the corrugated grooves 203 are formed on the surface of the flexible strip-shaped belt 200, the size of the turbulent flow channel 23 can be expanded and enlarged by adopting a mode of increasing water pressure, and finally the silt is discharged from the; more importantly, the water inlet and outlet of the turbulent flow channel 23 and the water supply channel 21 form a communicated backflow waterway, so that blocking particles are guided into the water supply channel 21 to prevent blocking. The inlet of the turbulent flow channel 23 is inclined towards the water inlet side of the water supply channel 21, and the outlet of the turbulent flow channel 23 is inclined towards the water outlet side of the water supply channel 21. Specifically, the inlet of the turbulent flow channel 23 is of a bell mouth structure, the wide bell mouth shape is convenient for a large amount of fluid in the pipeline to smoothly flow into the turbulent flow channel 23, the long sides and the short sides of the inlet of the turbulent flow channel 23 are respectively distributed with the water flow direction to form two included angles of alpha and beta, and the larger the angle area formed by alpha and beta is, the larger the angle area formed by alpha and beta can ensure that a large water flow flows in but not flows out (refer to the following angle range); the included angle beta is larger than or equal to 90 degrees, the effect is good when the included angle beta is closer to 90 degrees, the maximum overflowing area of water flowing into the corrugated flow channel is ensured, the water flow does not flow back), the included angle alpha is an acute angle, the smaller the acute angle is, the better the acute angle is, and the maximum water inflow is ensured; the outer side edge of the outlet of the turbulent flow channel 23 forms an obtuse angle theta with the water flow direction, so that the water flow of the turbulent flow channel 23 is ensured to flow back into the water supply channel 21 through the outlet. Preferably, be provided with cantilever type elasticity separation blade (unmarked) in apopore 20, apopore 20 is along its water direction aperture crescent, apopore 20 is for outwards open horn mouth along the water direction, can make things convenient for the water droplet to drip like this, and reduce during external silt enters into turbulent flow passageway 23, cantilever type elasticity separation blade is overall structure with flexible strip 200, the clout that cantilever type elasticity separation blade formed at apopore 20 trompil in-process hangs and forms in apopore 20, water pressure increases in turbulent flow passageway 23, cantilever type elasticity separation blade is opened, begin to drip irrigation, when driping irrigation the end, the water source cuts off, cantilever type elasticity separation blade is closed, effectively prevent that foreign object from blockking up apopore 20. Still further, in order to facilitate accurate machining of the folded flexible strip-shaped band 200, one of the turbulent flow regions 202 is provided with a positioning convex strip 204, the other turbulent flow region 103 is provided with a positioning groove 205, and the positioning convex strip 204 is clamped in the corresponding positioning groove 205.
The invention also provides a greenhouse planting method, which adopts the agricultural greenhouse; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the greenhouse is built on the ground, the water retaining enclosing walls are arranged around the greenhouse, the trench is dug inside the greenhouse to bury the water supply pipe and plant crops, root systems of the crops are distributed around the water supply pipe, and soil in the soil layer on the ground surface in the greenhouse is in a dry water shortage state under the action of the water retaining enclosing walls. Specifically, the greenhouse is constructed in the process of forming the water retaining wall at the bottom of the greenhouse, and after the greenhouse is constructed, the grooves are dug in the greenhouse to lay the water supply pipe humidity sensor and plant crops. In the water supply process, if the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than the set value, the water pump is controlled to input the water in the water tank into the water supply pipe, and when the humidity value of the upper humidity sensor is higher than the set value, the water supply of the water pump needs to be stopped. After crops are planted in the greenhouse, conventional water supply cultivation can be performed, and the specific water supply amount can be adjusted according to requirements of different types of crops, so that more accurate water supply for the crops can be realized. Preferably, for crops, keeping good air permeability of soil is an important factor for flourishing growth, so in the water supply process, when the humidity value detected by the current humidity sensor is lower than a set value, the soil around the root systems of the crops is in a relatively dry state, at the moment, air can be introduced into a water supply pipe for loosening the soil, then water is supplied to the water supply pipe through a water pump, the underground soil is ventilated, soil hardening is reduced, water retention, fertilizer retention, ventilation and root system development promotion are facilitated, a comfortable growth environment is provided for the crops, effects which cannot be achieved in conventional agricultural planting can be achieved, and the fruits grown by the crops are better due to the developed root systems of the crops.

Claims (9)

1. An agricultural greenhouse comprises a greenhouse body built on the ground, a storage battery and a controller, and is characterized in that a plurality of vacuum glass plates are arranged on the outer side of the top of the greenhouse body, the vacuum glass plates are arranged in an array mode to form a light transmission surface of the greenhouse body, photovoltaic power generation films are arranged on part of the vacuum glass plates, and every two adjacent photovoltaic power generation films are arranged in a staggered mode; a water supply pipe buried under the ground is arranged in the greenhouse, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the water supply pipe, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum glass plate, a water tank is further arranged at the bottom of the greenhouse, the water collecting tank is connected with the water tank, the water tank is connected with the water supply pipe through a water supply pump, and the water pump is connected with the controller; the side wall of the greenhouse is provided with a vacuum insulation board, the lower edge of the greenhouse is provided with a water retaining wall, the lower end part of the water retaining wall is buried under the ground, the water retaining wall is positioned above the water supply pipe, the upper edge of each vacuum glass plate is provided with a spray pipe, and the spray pipes are connected with the water tank through a cleaning pump;
the water supply pipe comprises a flexible strip-shaped belt; along the width direction, the middle part of the flexible strip-shaped belt is a water supply area, two side parts of the flexible strip-shaped belt are turbulent areas respectively, wherein a plurality of corrugated grooves are arranged in one turbulent area, and the corrugated grooves are provided with water outlet holes; the flexible strip-shaped belt is folded in half along the width direction, the water supply area forms a water supply channel, the two turbulent areas are pressed together to form a water outlet part, the corrugated grooves in the water outlet part form turbulent channels, and inlets and outlets of the turbulent channels are respectively communicated with the water supply channel;
wherein the inlet of the turbulent flow channel is inclined towards the water inlet side of the water supply channel, and the outlet of the turbulent flow channel is inclined towards the water outlet side of the water supply channel; the long side of the inlet of the turbulent flow channel forms an alpha included angle with the water flow direction, the short side of the inlet of the turbulent flow channel forms a beta included angle with the water flow direction, the included angle alpha is an acute angle, and the included angle beta is larger than or equal to 90 degrees.
2. The agricultural greenhouse of claim 1, further comprising an ultrasonic atomization device, wherein the ultrasonic atomization device comprises a water tank, an ultrasonic atomizer and a plurality of conveying pipes, the conveying pipes are arranged on the inner side of the top of the greenhouse and connected with the water tank, a plurality of openings are formed in the conveying pipes, the ultrasonic atomizer is arranged in the water tank, and the ultrasonic atomizer is further connected with the controller.
3. The agricultural greenhouse of claim 2, wherein the water tank is provided with a switchable dosing port and a switchable water replenishing port.
4. The agricultural greenhouse of claim 1, further comprising a soil humidity sensor, wherein the soil humidity sensor comprises an upper humidity sensor and a lower humidity sensor, the upper humidity sensor and the lower humidity sensor are both buried under the ground, and the upper humidity sensor and the lower humidity sensor are correspondingly arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the water supply pipe.
5. The agricultural greenhouse of claim 4, wherein each water outlet hole is covered by an elastic sheet, one end of the elastic sheet is fixed on the water supply pipe, and the other end of the elastic sheet is bonded on the water supply pipe through hydrosol.
6. The agricultural greenhouse of claim 4, further comprising an air pump, wherein the water supply pipe is connected to the air pump and the water pump through a mixing valve, and the air pump and the mixing valve are connected to the controller.
7. The agricultural greenhouse of claim 4, wherein the greenhouse is internally provided with a temperature sensor connected with the controller, and the greenhouse is provided with an openable and closable vent.
8. A greenhouse cultivation method, characterized in that the agricultural greenhouse of any one of claims 4-7 is adopted; the method comprises the following steps: the greenhouse is built on the ground, the water retaining enclosing walls are arranged around the greenhouse, the water supply pipe is buried by digging grooves in the greenhouse, crops are planted in the grooves, root systems of the crops are distributed around the water supply pipe, and soil in a soil layer on the ground surface in the greenhouse is in a dry and water-deficient state under the action of the water retaining enclosing walls; in the water supply process, if the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than the set value, the water pump is controlled to input the water in the water tank into the water supply pipe, and when the humidity value of the upper humidity sensor is higher than the set value, the water supply of the water pump needs to be stopped.
9. The greenhouse planting method as claimed in claim 8, wherein when the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than a set value, air is introduced into the water supply pipe to loosen the soil, and then water is supplied to the water supply pipe through the water pump.
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CN201710396320.7A Active CN107182621B (en) 2017-01-17 2017-05-31 Agricultural greenhouse system and greenhouse planting method
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CN108307878A (en) 2018-07-24
CN107750708A (en) 2018-03-06
CN107182621B (en) 2020-05-08
CN107182632B (en) 2020-05-08
CN108157028A (en) 2018-06-15
CN208863238U (en) 2019-05-17
CN108157028B (en) 2020-09-22
CN107231974B (en) 2020-05-08
CN107182621A (en) 2017-09-22
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CN107182620A (en) 2017-09-22
CN107231974A (en) 2017-10-10

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