CN103503741B - Irrigation system and method for utilizing irrigation system to irrigate nyssa aquatica seedlings - Google Patents
Irrigation system and method for utilizing irrigation system to irrigate nyssa aquatica seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103503741B CN103503741B CN201310450081.0A CN201310450081A CN103503741B CN 103503741 B CN103503741 B CN 103503741B CN 201310450081 A CN201310450081 A CN 201310450081A CN 103503741 B CN103503741 B CN 103503741B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The invention discloses an irrigation system and a method for utilizing the irrigation system to irrigate nyssa aquatica seedlings. The irrigation system comprises a water channel system, cultivation containers and a water-saving irrigation control system, wherein the water channel system is composed of a plurality of water channels arranged on the earth's surface, the cultivation containers are placed in the water channels, and the bottoms of the cultivation containers are provided with through holes. The irrigation system can monitor the content of water in the soil in real time, irrigation is performed automatically towards the cultivation containers according to various parameter values set by a control unit, and an environment for normal growth of plants is guaranteed practically. The invention further discloses a method for utilizing the irrigation system to irrigate the nyssa aquatica seedlings. By using the system, the growth speed and quality of the nyssa aquatica seedlings are fully guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the irrigation technique field in industrialized agriculture, particularly relate to a kind of gardening plant water-saving irrigation system and apply the method and technology field that this irrigation system waters water tupelo seedling.
Background technology
Water is produced most important for gardening plant cultivation, pouring water for gardening plant is a regular job, and it is length consuming time not only, and recruitment is many, in addition along with China's water resource lacks day by day, the effective and reasonable water resource that utilizes just must greatly develop water-saving irrigation.
At present, the irrigation method of employing mainly contains following several:
1. surface irrigation utilizes Surface irrigation ditch, furrow or lattice field to carry out the method for irrigating.Surface irrigation is ancient with modal irrigation method, and it needs less not standby, small investment, and cost is low, but irrigation quantity is comparatively large, and easy spoiled soil structure, causes soil compaction;
2. spraying, is utilize the special equipments such as shower nozzle that pressure water is sprayed onto in the air, forms the irrigation method that water droplet falls ground spray and filling surface and crop surface, and the shortcoming of this irrigation method is that equipment investment is comparatively large, can not apply in wind major region or windy season;
3. subsurface irrigation, subsurface irrigation is embedded in soil by pipeline, and moisture oozes out moistening soil from pipeline, and supplying water and irrigate, is the comparatively ideal Irrigation of a kind of water-saving result.But the construction cost of this kind of irrigation method is higher, and maintenance difficult, be thus difficult to promote;
4. drip irrigation, drip irrigation is the state-of-the-art irrigation method that the automation directly moisture or fertilizer nutrient being transported to upper soll layer or deep layer near plant root is combined with mechanization, have continue water supply, using water wisely, not spoiled soil structure, maintenance soil moisture are stablized, saving of labor, the advantage such as save time.But its equipment investment is large, and for ensureing that water dropper is not blocked, relatively stricter to the requirement of water quality, drainage equipment wants accurate, and cost is very high.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of irrigation system, this irrigation system adopts the strong point combining surface irrigation and subsurface irrigation, there is construction cost low, automaticity is high, the advantages such as water-saving result is remarkable, solve that existing irrigation method is wasted water, fertilizer and to problems such as soil easily damage.
The present invention is solved the problems of the technologies described above by following technological means:
Irrigation system of the present invention, comprising: water channel system, cultivating container, water-saving irrigation control system, wherein,
Water channel system, the water channel offered on earth's surface by many forms;
Cultivating container, is placed on water channel, and the bottom of described cultivating container is provided with through hole, and the level height of cultivating container inside bottom is lower than the height of maximum water level in water channel;
Water-saving irrigation control system, for controlling water level in water channel and irrigation time.
Further, described water-saving irrigation control system, comprises automatic water supply and sewage device, soil humidity sensor, level sensor and control unit, and described automatic water supply and sewage device, soil humidity sensor are connected with control unit respectively with level sensor; Described soil humidity sensor is arranged in cultivating container; Described control unit is used for obtaining soil moisture content information from soil humidity sensor, and controls according to described soil moisture content information that automatic water supply and sewage device is taken out water channel, draining action; Water level information for detecting the height of water level in water channel, and is sent to control unit by described level sensor, and control unit judges whether according to the instant water level information obtained the action terminating automatic water supply and sewage device.
Further, the water pump that described automatic water supply and sewage device comprises tank and is connected with tank, described water pump is communicated with water channel entrance, and described water channel outlet is communicated with tank, is mixed with nutritive element in the water of described tank.When described soil humidity sensor senses lack of water in described cultivating container, send feedwater signal to described control unit, control unit sends control signal and controls described water pump and open, and feeds water to water channel; When the water level in described water channel reaches the height of setting, described control unit feed pump signal makes it to close.
Further, the level height of described cultivating container inside bottom is lower than maximum water level height 1-3cm in water channel;
Further, described water channel exit is provided with electromagnetic valve, and described electromagnetic valve is connected with control unit.
Further, described control unit is Programmable Logic Controller.
Further, described water channel is built into by cement material, and water channel top seal is coated with transparent material.
Further, described water channel inner surface is equipped with the heat-sink shell be made up of black material.
Further, the both sidewalls of described water channel is offered the step for placing cultivating container.
Further, described step is provided with the device of clamping cultivating container.
Apply the method for this irrigation system pouring water tupelo seedling, comprise the following steps:
A adds soil in cultivating container, ensures that effective soil horizon thickness is greater than 30 ㎝;
Water tupelo seedling replanting enters in cultivating container by B, and the density domination of seedling is line-spacing 15 ~ 25 ㎝, spacing in the rows 15 ~ 25 ㎝;
C soil humidity sensor detects the water content in soil, when soil moisture lower than 80% time, feedwater signal is sent to control unit, control unit controls water pump and opens, to water channel feedwater, when the water level of water channel reaches the water level limiting value of setting, level sensor sends a signal to control unit, control water pump and reduce discharge, avoid water level to step limiting value, ensure that single irrigated soil absorbent time is 30 ~ 40 minutes.
Further, soil selects purple soil.
Irrigation system of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) irrigation system of the present invention, it offers water channel system on earth's surface, save construction and maintenance cost, in addition, application bottom is with the cultivating container of through hole, irrigated by the plant of capillarity to cultivating container of soil in cultivating container, irrigation system of the present invention the is possessed water-saving result of subsurface irrigation.
2) irrigation system of the present invention, adopts water-saving irrigation control system, for controlling the water level in water channel, can effective Controlled irrigation amount, and improve water-saving result of the present invention further.
3) irrigation system of the present invention, transparent material is coated with at water channel top seal, make the water in water channel can produce air pressure stronger water vapour when temperature is higher at noon, these water vapours penetrate in soil by the through hole bottom cultivating container, even if make the soil in cultivating container can keep certain humidity muchly when ambient temperature is higher, drought-hit area or even desert region water-saving result remarkable too.
Apply this irrigation system pouring water tupelo seedling, its beneficial effect: rapidly, the growth such as its height of seedling and base footpath value increasing degree is large in water tupelo growth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is irrigation system vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is stereogram when adopting irrigation system cultivated plant of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the water channel system architecture schematic diagram in irrigation system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the water-saving irrigation control system syndeton schematic diagram in irrigation system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail:
Fig. 1-4 is the structural representation of this irrigation system: irrigation system of the present invention, comprising: water channel system, cultivating container 2, water-saving irrigation control system, wherein, described water channel system, the water channel 1 offered on earth's surface by many forms; Described cultivating container 2, is placed on water channel 1, and the bottom of described cultivating container 2 is provided with through hole, and the level height of cultivating container 2 inside bottom is lower than the height of maximum water level in water channel 1; Described water-saving irrigation control system, for controlling water level in water channel 1 and irrigation time.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described water-saving irrigation control system, comprise automatic water supply and sewage device, soil humidity sensor 4, level sensor 5 and control unit 6, described automatic water supply and sewage device, soil humidity sensor 4 are connected with control unit 6 respectively with level sensor 5; Described soil humidity sensor 4 is arranged in cultivating container 2; Described control unit 6 is the one of Programmable Logic Controller, single-chip microcomputer, PLC and wireless signal feedback intelligent controller, described control unit 6 for obtaining soil moisture content information from soil humidity sensor 4, and controls according to described soil moisture content information that automatic water supply and sewage device is taken out water channel 1, draining action; Water level information for detecting the height of water level in water channel 1, and is sent to control unit 6 by described level sensor 5, and control unit 6 judges whether according to the instant water level information obtained the action terminating automatic water supply and sewage device.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the water pump 32 that described automatic water supply and sewage device comprises tank 31 and is connected with tank, described water pump 32 is communicated with water channel entrance, and described water channel outlet is communicated with tank, forms the circulatory system; Be mixed with nutritive element in the water of described tank, when described soil humidity sensor 4 senses lack of water in described cultivating container 2, send feedwater signal to described control unit 6, control unit 6 sends control signal and controls described water pump and open, and feeds water to water channel 1; When the water level in described water channel 1 reaches the height of setting, described control unit 6 feed pump signal makes it to close.Preferably, described water channel exit is provided with electromagnetic valve 9, described electromagnetic valve 9 is connected with control unit 6, information is there is to control unit 6 in described soil humidity sensor 4 soil moisture sensed in described cultivating container 2 when reaching setting value, described control unit 6 Controlling solenoid valve door 9 is opened and is made water level decreasing, information is there is to during setting value to control unit 6 when level sensor senses water level decreasing, described control unit 6 Controlling solenoid valve door 9 is closed, the setting value of described water level decreasing should lower than the height value of cultivating container lowest part, namely height of water level reaches cultivating container and the water surface is separated.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the level height of described cultivating container 2 inside bottom is lower than maximum water level height 1-3cm in water channel 1, ensureing that soil horizon absorbs water in sufficient situation, the part that cultivating container submerges in water is little, make the water suction of soil in cultivating container speed fast not easily too fast, and then reach the effect of water-saving irrigation.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described water channel 1 is built into by cement material, water channel 1 top seal is coated with transparent material 7, when temperature height, the steam that moisture evaporation in water channel produces can not be loose clean by waving, air pressure even in transparent material 7 is by the air pressure higher than outside air, water vapour under micro-hyperbaric environment is penetrated in soil by force by the through hole bottom cultivating container, make the soil in cultivating container can keep certain humidity muchly when ambient temperature is higher, drought-hit area or even desert region water-saving result remarkable too.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described water channel 1 inner surface is equipped with the heat-sink shell be made up of black material, black material effectively can absorb the heat of sunlight, high temperature impels moisture to evaporate further, and the air pressure strengthened further in water channel, and then without the need to pouring, the soil in cultivating container can keep meeting the water content needed for plant for a long time.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, the both sidewalls of described water channel 1 being offered the step 8 for placing cultivating container 2, easily contacting with the water in water channel in order to make the bottom of cultivating container 2.Preferably, described step is provided with the device of clamping cultivating container, turns on one's side to prevent cultivating container 2.
Be below the concrete implementing method of this irrigation system of application pouring water tupelo seedling:
Embodiment 1
Soil is added in cultivating container, soil horizon thickness is made to be 35 ㎝, the preferred purple soil of soil, then water tupelo seedling replanting is entered in cultivating container, the density domination of seedling is line-spacing 15 ㎝, spacing in the rows 15 ㎝, utilize the water content in soil humidity sensor detection soil, when soil moisture lower than 80% time, feedwater signal is sent to control unit, control unit controls water pump and opens, feed water to water channel, when the water level in pond reaches the water level limiting value of setting, level sensor sends a signal to control unit, control water pump and reduce discharge, water level is avoided to step limiting value, ensure that single irrigated soil absorbent time is 30 minutes.
Embodiment 2
Soil is added in cultivating container, soil horizon thickness is made to be 40 ㎝, the preferred purple soil of soil, then water tupelo seedling replanting is entered in cultivating container, the density domination of seedling is line-spacing 20 ㎝, spacing in the rows 20 ㎝, utilize the water content in soil humidity sensor detection soil, when soil moisture lower than 80% time, feedwater signal is sent to control unit, control unit controls water pump and opens, feed water to water channel, when the water level in pond reaches the water level limiting value of setting, level sensor sends a signal to control unit, control water pump and reduce discharge, water level is avoided to step limiting value, ensure that single irrigated soil absorbent time is 35 minutes.
Embodiment 3
Soil is added in cultivating container, soil horizon thickness is made to be 40 ㎝, the preferred purple soil of soil, then water tupelo seedling replanting is entered in cultivating container, the density domination of seedling is line-spacing 25 ㎝, spacing in the rows 25 ㎝, utilize the water content in soil humidity sensor detection soil, when soil moisture lower than 80% time, feedwater signal is sent to control unit, control unit controls water pump and opens, feed water to water channel, when the water level in pond reaches the water level limiting value of setting, level sensor sends a signal to control unit, control water pump and reduce discharge, water level is avoided to step limiting value, ensure that single irrigated soil absorbent time is 40 minutes.
Embodiment 4
Soil is added in cultivating container, soil horizon thickness is made to be 30 ㎝, the preferred purple soil of soil, then water tupelo seedling replanting is entered in cultivating container, the density domination of seedling is line-spacing 12 ㎝, spacing in the rows 12 ㎝, utilize the water content in soil humidity sensor detection soil, when soil moisture lower than 80% time, feedwater signal is sent to control unit, control unit controls water pump and opens, feed water to water channel, when the water level in pond reaches the water level limiting value of setting, level sensor sends a signal to control unit, control water pump and reduce discharge, water level is avoided to step limiting value, ensure that single irrigated soil absorbent time is 35 minutes.
Embodiment 5
Soil is added in cultivating container, soil horizon thickness is made to be 30 ㎝, the preferred purple soil of soil, then water tupelo seedling replanting is entered in cultivating container, the density domination of seedling is line-spacing 30 ㎝, spacing in the rows 30 ㎝, utilize the water content in soil humidity sensor detection soil, when soil moisture lower than 80% time, feedwater signal is sent to control unit, control unit controls water pump and opens, feed water to water channel, when the water level in pond reaches the water level limiting value of setting, level sensor sends a signal to control unit, control water pump and reduce discharge, water level is avoided to step limiting value, ensure that single irrigated soil absorbent time is 35 minutes.
Reference examples
The irrigation of water tupelo seedling does not adopt this irrigation system, adopts manual mode of watering, waters once every 15 days to seedling.Wherein soil horizon thickness is 30 ㎝, and soil selects purple soil, and the density domination of seedling is line-spacing 30 ㎝, spacing in the rows 30 ㎝.
Above in each embodiment, the original state situation of water tupelo seedling is identical, wherein height of seedling 40.0 ㎝, base footpath 1.20 ㎝, table 1 respectively grows the contrast of value for 1 year for water tupelo seedling in different embodiment grows up, according to data in table, it is faster than not using the water tupelo growth of seedling speed of this irrigation system to use the water tupelo seedling of this irrigation system, the growth such as its height of seedling and base footpath value increasing degree is also larger, for the water tupelo seedling employing this irrigation system, soil horizon thickness is greater than 30 ㎝, the density domination of seedling is line-spacing 15 ~ 25 ㎝, the seedling of spacing in the rows 15 ~ 25 ㎝ is better than other growth of seedling.
Table 1
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the technical scheme of explanation invention, although be described in detail invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to the technical scheme of invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of invention technical scheme, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the right of invention.
Claims (8)
1. an irrigation system, is characterized in that, comprising: water channel system, cultivating container (2), water-saving irrigation control system, wherein,
Water channel system, the water channel (1) offered on earth's surface by many forms, described water channel (1) is built into by cement material, water channel (1) top seal is coated with transparent material (7), and described water channel (1) inner surface is equipped with the heat-sink shell be made up of black material;
Cultivating container (2), be placed on water channel (1), the bottom of described cultivating container (2) is provided with through hole, and the level height of cultivating container (2) inside bottom is lower than the height of water channel (1) interior maximum water level;
Water-saving irrigation control system, for controlling water level in water channel (1) and irrigation time.
2. irrigation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water-saving irrigation control system, comprise automatic water supply and sewage device, soil humidity sensor (4), level sensor (5) and control unit (6), described automatic water supply and sewage device, soil humidity sensor (4) are connected with control unit (6) respectively with level sensor (5); Described soil humidity sensor (4) is arranged in cultivating container (2);
3. irrigation system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the water pump (32) that described automatic water supply and sewage device comprises tank (31) and is connected with tank, described water pump (32) is communicated with water channel (1) entrance, described water channel (1) outlet is communicated with tank, is mixed with nutritive element in the water of described tank.
4. irrigation system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the level height of described cultivating container (2) inside bottom is lower than water channel (1) interior maximum water level height 1-3cm.
5. irrigation system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described water channel (1) exit is provided with electromagnetic valve (9), and described electromagnetic valve (9) is connected with control unit (6).
6. irrigation system according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the both sidewalls of described water channel (1) is offered the step (8) for placing cultivating container (2).
7. a method for the irrigation system pouring water tupelo seedling of application as described in claim 1-6, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A adds soil in cultivating container, ensures that effective soil horizon thickness is greater than 30 ㎝;
Water tupelo seedling replanting enters in cultivating container by B, and the density domination of seedling is line-spacing 15 ~ 25 ㎝, spacing in the rows 15 ~ 25 ㎝;
C soil humidity sensor detects the water content in soil, when soil moisture lower than 80% time, feedwater signal is sent to control unit, control unit controls water pump and opens, to water channel feedwater, when the water level of tank reaches the water level limiting value of setting, level sensor sends a signal to control unit, control water pump and reduce discharge, avoid water level to step limiting value, ensure that single irrigated soil absorbent time is 30 ~ 40 minutes.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described soil selects purple soil.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103924562A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-16 | 常熟市新靓文辅亚农艺发展有限公司 | Novel drainage system |
| CN105766565A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-20 | 天津俊吉科技有限公司 | Irrigation system controlled by computer |
| CN106376289B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-02-05 | 宁波远志立方能源科技有限公司 | Industrialize water and fertilizer irrigation pond |
| CN107750918B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-10-09 | 遵义湘江园林工程有限责任公司 | Gardens irrigation equipment |
| CN107873490B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-05-05 | 遵义湘江园林工程有限责任公司 | Irrigation equipment for landscape plants |
| CN108617478B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-08-18 | 中国水稻研究所 | Farmland quantitative irrigation and drainage control device |
| CN108770639A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-09 | 东莞唯度电子科技服务有限公司 | A kind of Garden Architecture seedling cultivation irrigation device and application method |
| CN108967125A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-11 | 安徽省雷氏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of irrigation of paddy fields device and its application method |
| CN112219699A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-01-15 | 叶晓明 | Self-adaptive planting water supply system |
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