CN203136509U - Plant cultivation device for supplying nutrient solution based on capillary force - Google Patents
Plant cultivation device for supplying nutrient solution based on capillary force Download PDFInfo
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- CN203136509U CN203136509U CN 201320011067 CN201320011067U CN203136509U CN 203136509 U CN203136509 U CN 203136509U CN 201320011067 CN201320011067 CN 201320011067 CN 201320011067 U CN201320011067 U CN 201320011067U CN 203136509 U CN203136509 U CN 203136509U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a plant cultivation device for supplying nutrient solution based on capillary force. Particularly, the plant cultivation device disclosed by the utility model comprises a storage container, a cultivation container and a capillary force infusion belt, wherein the storage container is used for containing water or nutrient solution; and the cultivation container is used for cultivating a plant. The plant cultivation device is easy to operate, time-saving and labor-saving, and suitable for cultivation of horticultural plants such as grapes, and belongs to an efficient cultivation technology, which is water-saving, fertilizer-saving, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to farm-forestry crop culture technique field, and particularly, the utility model provides a kind of plant cultivation method that utilizes capillary force to supply with nutrient solution.
Background technology
What the irrigation of crops was adopted from ancient times all is the technology of " irrigating the fields ", be about in the soil of Root Distribution that water is poured onto crops, utilize the absorption affinity of soil colloid and the capillary interstice water holding branch of trying hard to keep, the crops root system absorbs moisture and dissolving nutritive element wherein by contact with it.Even be described as the soilless culture (except water planting, the dense fog training) of modern culture technique, also be by water dropper nutrient solution and water to be delivered to the root Supporting Media, at first moistening root medium could be supplied with to crops and support moisture.The irrigation technique of " irrigating the fields " can cause following percolation water and the surface evaporation dehydration of irrigation water.The availability of irrigation water and fertilizer nutrition is because of the different differences to some extent of crop species, soil types and weather conditions, but generally about 30%.Therefore, the irrigation technique of " irrigating the fields " formula can cause the following of irrigation water and fertilizer nutrition to ooze waste, and causes the environmental problems such as secondary salinization of phreatic eutrophication pollution and soil.Even in soilless culture, the quantity delivered of nutrient solution also is greater than normal growth and the production capacity that demand could guarantee gardening plant, infiltrating irrigation can only reach about 15-20:80-85 than generally, the availability that is irrigation water and fertilizer nutrition has only about 80-85%, usually nutrient solution has 15-20% and is disposed in the greenhouse soil severe contamination greenhouse soil environment.As seen, the water supply of " irrigating the fields " formula supplies fertilizer technology not support moisture according to autonomous supply of the rich water demand of gardening plant growth, can cause the waste of nutrient solution, contaminated environment, nor the growth of energy accuracy controlling gardening plant.
Therefore, but this area presses for a kind of energy-saving and water-saving, nutrient utilization high accuracy controlling and eco-friendly culture technique.
The utility model content
The utility model is developed a kind of fertile method of water supply confession of utilizing capillary force at the defective of " irrigating the fields " formula supply nutrient solution technology.The capillary force transfusion band that is about to root system and root soil and inserts in the root soil is done as a whole, after the rising dehydration of plant leaf blades such as grape, the flow of water from blade to the root system surface descends gradually, root system absorbs the moisture of its surrounding soil, the flow of water that causes nearly root table soil descends, form the root system surface to the flow of water difference between the capillary force transfusion band that inserts rhizosphere soil, the moisture that the capillary force transfusion band is rich in and dissolving nutritive element wherein just can be transplanted on the root table by the capillary force transfusion band continuously along flow of water difference, transported to blade on the root system absorption back, submerging in the nutrient solution in capillary force transfusion band lower end, can constantly absorb moisture from the lower end again after the flow of water of capillary force transfusion band upper end descends and dissolve in wherein nutritive element fortune to rhizosphere soil.In this cultivation system, plant can be installed ball-cock assembly at the nutrition liquid pool and be communicated with the water source according to the autonomous quantity that absorbs liquid manure nutrition of adjusting of the size of transpiration rate, and supplementing water realizes rich water quality management autonomy-oriented and unmanned automatically.And by regularly throw in the nutritional need of the simple operations assurance crop of fertilizer to the nutrition liquid pool.
The utility model provides a kind of plant cultivating device, comprising:
Liquid storage container, described liquid storage container are used for holding for required water or the nutrient solution of plant strain growth;
Cultivating container, described cultivating container are used for the cultivation plant and are arranged to be positioned at top or the side of described liquid storage container, and make the root system of the plant cultivated directly not contact with nutrient solution with the interior water of liquid storage container; With
The capillary force transfusion band, wherein said capillary force transfusion band is configured to have a nutrient solution end that is arranged in described liquid storage container and contacts with described water or nutrient solution, is arranged in described cultivating container and cultivates the root system of plant or the plant section that root system place cultivation medium contacts with quilt with one.
In the present invention, described capillary force transfusion band from outside is transported to plant root by capillary pore power with described nutrient solution as pumped (conveying) medium, for described plant absorbing utilization.
In another preference, the cultivation medium that holds in the described cultivating container comprises soil and/or filler.
In another preference, planted in the described cultivating container to be implanted with plant or to plant and be implanted with plant.
In another preference, described capillary force transfusion band comprises: have the inner core of capillary pore material, and be used for preventing that root system from can not penetrate or enter the periphery parcel cover of interior in-core.
In another preference, described periphery parcel cover is positioned at described inner core outer ring, and wraps up described inner core.
In another preference, the inner core of described capillary force transfusion band is made by nonwoven.
In another preference, described capillary force transfusion band periphery parcel cover is permeable cloth or water permeable membrane.
In another preference, described parcel cover material is enough fine and close in to guarantee that root system can not penetrate or enter interior in-core.
In another preference, the periphery of described capillary force transfusion band parcel is applied mechanically polyamide fabric and is made.
In another preference, described capillary force transfusion band one end (plant end) is arranged in the soil of the described plant of cultivation, and the other end of capillary force transfusion band (nutrient solution end) submerges in the described nutrient solution.
In another preference, this system provides driving force by the plant transpiration, absorbs nutrient solution by the capillary force transfusion band, regulates and control described plant to the absorptive amount of nutrient solution by rising intensity.
In another preference, there are one or more perforates to be used for placing an end of capillary force transfusion band on the described cultivating container.
In another preference, described perforate is positioned at the cultivating container side, and apart from the distance on edge, the end distance less than the distance upper edge.
In another preference, described perforate is 0.5-5cm, preferably 1-2cm apart from the distance on edge, the end.
In another preference, corresponding one or two perforate of each cultivating container or each plant, and the size of perforate and the consistent or basically identical of capillary force transfusion band cross-sectional area size.
In another preference, the size of described cultivating container perforate is more bigger than capillary force transfusion band cross-sectional area size.
In another preference, position of opening on the cultivating container is positioned at bottom center, and the aperture of bottom inside is inwardly protruding up, the inner core of capillary force transfusion band hangs under this aperture and absorbs nutrient solution the nutrient solution, the parcel cover that wraps up inner core then is enclosed within the affiliated projection outside, and the enough ropes of energy are fastening.
In another preference, hold nutrient solution in the described liquid storage container, and described nutrient solution and plant are isolated mutually by liquid storage container wall or cultivating container wall or dividing plate.
In another preference, described liquid storage container can be plastic casing, plastic box, pipe, road, water channel or its combination.
In another preference, described dividing plate or chamber wall can be made with cement plate or plastic plate.
In another preference, described liquid storage container is positioned at the below of plant.
In another preference, the vertical range of described nutrient solution identity distance root system of plant is in 5cm.
In another preference, the component of described nutrient solution comprises water and the dissolving nutritive element for the plant growth wherein.
In another preference, described liquid storage container is provided with one or more perforates, is used for stretching into the capillary force transfusion band; Preferably, described perforate is positioned at the liquid storage container side, and is positioned at the top of liquid storage container liquid level, apart from the distance of upper edge less than distance at the bottom of the distance on edge.
In another preference, described perforate is 0.5-5cm, preferably 1-2cm apart from the distance of upper edge.And the size of perforate and the consistent or basically identical of capillary force transfusion band cross-sectional area size.
In another preference, the size of described perforate is more bigger than capillary force transfusion band cross-sectional area.
In another preference, the top cover perforate of liquid storage container, and described position of opening is corresponding with cultivating container bottom opening position.
In another preference, the position of opening on the position of opening on the cultivating container and the container of depositing nutrient solution is not corresponding or stagger up and down up and down, stretches into liquid storage container to prevent plant root.
In another preference, described liquid storage container also is provided with the fluid infusion mouth, and the liquid supply device that is connected with described fluid infusion mouth, be used for supplementing water and/or nutrient component.
In another preference, described liquid supply device is the pipeline that is provided with switch and communicates with liquid storage container.Preferably, described liquid supply device is for can be disposable or repeat to add plastic bottle or the external pipe of nutrient solution or its combination.
In another preference, an end of described capillary force transfusion band (nutrient solution end) inserts the nutrient solution degree of depth 〉=3cm, preferably 〉=and 5cm.
In another preference, described liquid supply device also comprises the ball-cock assembly antipriming for the control amount infused.
In another preference, regulate water level automatically by ball-cock assembly, make the liquid storage container height of water level stable.
In should be understood that in the utility model scope, above-mentioned each technical characterictic of the present utility model and can making up mutually between specifically described each technical characterictic in below (eg embodiment), thus constitute new or optimized technical scheme.As space is limited, this tired stating no longer one by one.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has shown the cultivating container of the cultivation system that an embodiment of the present utility model provides, and wherein, 1 is cultivating container, and 10 is the wall of cultivating container, and 12 is the perforate of cultivating container wall.
Fig. 2 has shown the liquid storage container (pond) of the cultivation system that an embodiment of the present utility model provides, wherein, 2 is liquid storage container, 18 is the wall of liquid storage container, 14 is the perforate of liquid storage container wall, 20 is the top cover of liquid storage container, and 16 is the opening of liquid storage container top cover, is used for installing liquid supply device.
Fig. 3 has shown the liquid supply device of the cultivation system that an embodiment of the present utility model provides, and wherein, 3 is liquid supply device.
Fig. 4 has shown the capillary force transfusion band of the cultivation system that an embodiment of the present utility model provides, and wherein, 4 is the capillary force transfusion band.
Fig. 5 has shown that the system of the cultivation system that an embodiment of the present utility model provides arranges schematic diagram, and wherein: 1 is that cultivating container, 2 is that liquid storage container, 3 is liquid supply device, and 4 is the capillary force transfusion band, and 5 is the nutrient solution in the liquid storage container, and 6 is plant.
Embodiment
The inventor has developed a kind of plant cultivating device of supplying with nutrient solution based on capillary force through long-term and deep research.After the rising dehydration of plant leaf blades such as grape, the flow of water from blade to the root system surface descends gradually, root system absorbs the moisture of its surrounding soil, the flow of water that causes nearly root table soil descends, form the root system surface to the flow of water difference between the capillary force transfusion band that inserts rhizosphere soil, the moisture that the capillary force transfusion band is rich in and dissolving nutritive element wherein just can be transplanted on the root table by the capillary force transfusion band continuously along flow of water difference, transported to blade on the root system absorption back, submerging in the nutrient solution in capillary force transfusion band lower end, can constantly absorb moisture from the lower end again after the capillary force transfusion band upper end flow of water descends and dissolve in wherein nutritive element fortune to rhizosphere soil.Based on this principle, the inventor has finished the utility model.
As used herein, term " container " refers to can be used in any article of depositing materials such as soil or nutrient solution, and representational example comprises: plastic casing, Plastic Drum, plastic tank, water pipe, pipeline, water channel, or its combination.
The capillary force transfusion band
The capillary force transfusion band utilizes the capillary acting in conjunction of holding force between hollow billet wall and hydrone and water to carry moisture or nutrient solution to root system of plant.Described capillary force transfusion band is made by the inner core with capillary pore material and for the periphery parcel cover of the described inner core of parcel.
Described inner core is made by the material with capillary pore, as making with nonwoven.
The material of described capillary force transfusion band periphery parcel cover needs enough fine and close in to guarantee that root system can not penetrate or enter interior in-core, and as permeable cloth or water permeable membrane, in another preference, the periphery of described capillary force transfusion band parcel is applied mechanically polyamide fabric and made.
In another preference, described capillary force transfusion band can wrap up nonwoven strip with polyamide fabric and make.
Cultivation system
In the utility model, the water or the nutrient solution that are used for pouring directly do not contact with the plant of cultivating, but carry foster moisture by the capillary force transfusion band.After the rising dehydration of plant leaf blade, the flow of water from blade to the root system surface descends gradually, root system absorbs the moisture of its surrounding soil, the flow of water that causes nearly root table soil descends, form the root system surface to the flow of water difference between the capillary force transfusion band that inserts rhizosphere soil, the moisture that the capillary force transfusion band is rich in and dissolving nutritive element wherein just can be transplanted on the root table by the capillary force transfusion band continuously along flow of water difference, transported to blade on the root system absorption back, submerging in the nutrient solution in capillary force transfusion band lower end, can constantly absorb moisture from the lower end again after the flow of water descends and dissolve in wherein nutritive element fortune to rhizosphere soil.In the cultivation process, irrigation volume is by plant evaporation intensity regulation and control, thus moisture and nutrient can be accomplished as required, accurately, the autonomous supply, cause the waste of undergrowth and moisture or nutrient solution thereby avoided plant because irrigate too much or very few.
In a preference, the reservoir vessel of water or nutrient solution is separated by dividing plate or chamber wall and plant root.Preferably, described dividing plate or chamber wall material can be cement or plastics.When the small-sized ornamental type plant cultivation of family, also can select for use lucite as dividing plate or chamber wall.Liquid storage container can be plastic casing, plastic box, pipeline or its combination.
One of capillary force transfusion band is arranged in root system of plant, and the Root Distribution of described plant is around described capillary force transfusion band.The other end of capillary force transfusion band is arranged in liquid storage container.
Preferably, liquid storage container can be connected with liquid supply device, is convenient to add water continuously or nutrient solution, and it is stable to keep liquid level (water level).
In another preference, described liquid supply device is for repeating to add the plastic bottle of nutrient solution or the external water source of other tool ball float sealing valves.
By selecting suitable cultivation system parts, the cultivation method that the utility model provides can be used for amateur resident and carries out plant cultivation in the narrow and small light spaces that has such as balconies, the mini orchard of the balcony that founds a family, vegetable garden and garden; Or be used for extensive cultivation such as crops, forest, be particularly useful in facility, cultivating and carrying out water-saving culture in arid areas such as deserts, northwest.
The culturing device that is used for the ornamental type plant cultivation
Be example with Fig. 1, there is shown at height 15-20cm, the side central authorities of plastic basin cultivating containers (to call cultivating container in the following text) such as (casees) that volume is about 10-20L apart from the bottom about 1cm to open at the place 5cm wide, 0.6-0.8cm high square orifice (to call zone of capillarity socket 12 in the following text), (long * wide * thick: the end of 50cm * 5cm * 0.5cm) penetrates in the cultivating container from zone of capillarity socket 12 with as shown in Figure 4 capillary force transfusion band, the mixed soil 1cm that cultivating container bottom filling agent enriches capillary porosity is thick, the capillary force transfusion band is vertically holded up after capillary force Flexible water pipe jack 12 is inserted into cultivating container central authorities, filling agent enriches the soil of capillary pore to 2cm place below the cultivating container upper edge on every side, with plant fixings such as grapes in wherein, make root system be evenly distributed in the capillary force transfusion band around.Prepare a length as shown in Figure 2 in addition than the long 8-10cm of cultivating container, plastic basin (case) (to call liquid storage container in the following text) with cover, in its long limit one side, about 1.5-2cm opens at the place square orifice that 5cm is wide, 0.6-0.8cm is high (to call zone of capillarity socket 14 in the following text) apart from the upper edge, liquid storage container covers opens diameter 8-10cm circular port (to call fluid infusion bottle jack 16 in the following text) away from zone of capillarity socket 14 1 sides.Give and to inject nutrient solution in the liquid storage container to the zone of capillarity socket 14 below 2cm.The cultivating container of gardening plants such as the grape of planting is stacked on the liquid storage container, make the zone of capillarity socket 12 of cultivating container and zone of capillarity socket 14 consistencies from top to bottom of liquid storage container, to be inserted into the zone of capillarity socket 14 of liquid storage container from the capillary force transfusion band other end that cultivating container zone of capillarity socket 12 exposes, make submerge nutrient solution in the liquid storage container of capillary force transfusion band, submerged depth is no less than 5cm, utilize capillary force that the nutrient solution of liquid storage container (water and dissolving nutritive element wherein) is carried the gardening plant root soils such as grape of cultivating in the cultivating container, for its use of growing.The plastic bottle (to call the fluid infusion bottle in the following text) of as shown in Figure 3 similar Coke bottle is filled nutrient solution, after opening bottle cap or spiling to bottle cap, insertion is positioned at the fluid infusion bottle jack of the liquid storage container lid other end, the fluid infusion bottleneck nutrient solution liquid level in the liquid storage container that will submerge, when nutrient solution all drains off in the fluid infusion bottle, nutrient solution is filled it up with in taking-up, inserts the fluid infusion bottle jack of liquid storage container lid again, and the nutrient solution liquid level that bottleneck submerges in the liquid storage container gets final product.
Assemble each parts, obtain cultivation system as shown in Figure 5, can in described system, continue gardening plants such as cultivating grape.
Major advantage of the present utility model is:
1) in this culturing device that the utility model provides, do not have a water or nutrient solution in theory and leak and to be spread across outside the system, and avoided the problem of a large amount of seepages of moisture and evaporation in " irrigating the fields " formula irrigation method.More preferably, the culturing device that the utility model provides can independently absorb water and nutritive element according to plant evaporation power and growth requirement, realize supplying with as required accurately and autonomous the supply, accomplish the rich water supply of " 30 province " as required of " water resource zero waste ", " fertilizer nutrition zero loss ", " environmental key-element zero burden ", " rich water as required accurately, the autonomous supply " and " rich water quality management is economized the labour ".
2) technology provided by the utility model does not need to drop into manpower and instrument and equipment monitoring root soil moisture and nutrition condition, more not needing to do complicated decision-making judges, can avoid amateur, the rawness resident plants tree, water dilutional hyponatremia or not enough problem in planting vegetables and growing flower, as long as ball float sealing valve is installed in liquid storage container, and be communicated with the water source, even often travel on business trips outside, withered dead phenomenon can not take place yet, be fit to very much amateur, the rawness resident sets (grape in narrow and small light space kinds that has such as balconies, gold mandarin orange etc.), (tomato plants vegetables, cucumber and little green vegetables etc.) and (chrysanthemum of growing flower, rose), the mini orchard of balcony that founds a family, vegetable garden and garden.Also can use in crops large tracts of land facility cultivation kind.
Below by specific embodiment the technical solution of the utility model is further described.Should be understood that these embodiment only are used for explanation the utility model and are not used in the scope of the present utility model that limits.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually according to normal condition, or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.Unless otherwise indicated, otherwise percentage and umber calculate by weight.
Embodiment 1. individual plant plant culture systems 1
One, assembly
1) cultivating container:
As shown in Figure 1, cultivating container 1 is that (length * wide * height: 39.2cm * 30.5cm * 18.5cm), volume is about 22L to plastic box.Sidewall 10 and bottom surface (not shown) around cultivating container has, and about 1-2cm place has the rectangular opening that 5cm is long, 0.5cm is wide (being 17.1cm apart from the two side ends distance) respectively as perforate 12 to the centre in plastic box one side apart from the bottom, is used for laying the capillary force transfusion band.
2) liquid storage container:
As shown in Figure 2, plastic box (length * wide * height: 49.2cm * 30.5cm * 18.5cm), volume is about 27.8L, at plastic box long side identity distance one end 17.1cm, about 2-3cm opens at the place rectangular opening that 5cm is wide, 0.5cm is high (distance apart from two side ends is followed successively by 17.1cm, 27.1cm) as perforate 14 apart from the upper edge, in addition broadside one side of liquid storage container lid hit exactly inside 2cm with interior hole of opening diameter 10cm as perforate 16, be used for inserting the fluid infusion bottle.
3) liquid storage bottle:
As shown in Figure 3, do liquid storage bottle with the plastic bottle of 1 liter of diameter 9cm, volume.
4) capillary force transfusion band:
As shown in Figure 4, with the dark brown polyamide fabric of long 52cm, wide 11cm, doubling also is bonded as the long shell-like bag of long 52cm, wide 5.5cm, inserts the nonwoven strip of long 50cm, wide 5cm, thick 0.5cm.
Two, make
The making step of culturing device is as follows: (with " huge peak " grape (V.Ishiharawase * V.Centennial) kind is example)
1) capillary force transfusion band and the vine of planting are set in the cultivating container: give cultivating container 1 bottom shop 2cm thick composite soil (sandy loam: peat (or vermiculite or other organic goods, materials and equipments such as coconut palm health or rice chaff)=5:1), the zone of capillarity socket 12 of capillary force transfusion band 4 from cultivating container inserted, and level vertically is pulled up to cultivating container upper edge isometry position after being pulled to the centre of cultivating container, give and fill above-mentioned composite soil in the cultivating container, and vine moved into simultaneously, root system is evenly distributed on around the capillary force transfusion band, banket to distance cultivating container upper edge 2-3cm and get final product, with the 2-3cm that turns back downwards on the capillary force transfusion band, use the composite soil compacting, prevent that root system from growing into the capillary force transfusion band from port in.
2) liquid storage container fluid injection and fluid infusion bottle arrange: inject the fertile nutrient solutions of making of soilless culture nutrient fluid such as Huo Gelande prescription or Japanese garden examination prescription to liquid storage container to 2-3cm place, zone of capillarity socket 14 below, nutrient solution EC value is adjusted to 1.0～1.6 and gets final product.After building liquid storage container top cover 20, with filling the fluid infusion bottle 3 (bottle cap is opened the circular port of diameter 5mm) of above-mentioned nutrient solution, pour into fluid infusion bottle jack 16, make submerge nutrition liquid level in the liquid storage container of bottleneck.
3) install: as shown in Figure 5, to be provided with the capillary force transfusion band and the cultivating container 1 viny of planting places the nutrient solution and setting above the liquid storage container 2 of fluid infusion bottle of having annotated, make the zone of capillarity socket 12 of cultivating container and zone of capillarity socket 14 consistencies from top to bottom of liquid storage container, the capillary force transfusion band that the zone of capillarity socket 12 of cultivating container is hung out inserts the zone of capillarity socket 14 of liquid storage container, makes capillary force transfusion band 4 5cm at least that submerges in the nutrient solution in the liquid storage container.Irrigate composite soil in the cultivating container and moistening capillary force transfusion band with aforesaid nutrient solution, so far install.Place sun-drenched position to get final product mounted system, when nutrient solution will soon have flowed in the fluid infusion bottle, take out the fluid infusion bottle, insert again in the circular port of liquid storage container lid after filling nutrient solution, make submerge nutrition liquid level in the liquid storage container of the bottleneck of fluid infusion bottle.
Repeat embodiment 1, difference is, (be about 15.3cm apart from long back gauge in the plastic box bottom surface centre as cultivating container, be about 19.6cm apart from the minor face distance) locate out the rectangular opening that 5cm is long, 0.5cm is wide, around the rectangular opening of cultivating container inside bottom, paste the resin plate of thick 0.3cm, high 3cm.The inner core of capillary force transfusion band is stretched out in this jack, the capillary force transfusion band then be enclosed within resin plate by overlay film (cloth), and fastening with line, prevent that root system from stretching into and being elongated to along inner core the nutrient solution of liquid storage container from this slit.Be 15.3cm, be 19.6cm apart from side minor face distance apart from long limit one lateral extent at the plastic box top as liquid storage container, opposite side minor face distance is for opening the rectangular opening that 5cm is long, 0.5cm is wide in the 29.6cm place, make two holes in correspondence with each other, the inner core of capillary force transfusion band is extend into the nutrient solution in this jack.Planting with embodiment 1, (with " huge peak " grape (V.Ishiharawase * V.Centennial) kind is example), nutrient management etc. are all with embodiment 1 for vine.
The making of extensive cultivation system such as embodiment 3. crops, forest
At plastic box (length * wide * height: 39.2cm * 30.5cm * 18.5cm, volume 22L) the about 1-2cm in long side identity distance bottom opens at place 2 rectangular openings that 5cm is long, 0.5cm is wide (rectangular opening mid point distance is closed on side apart from being 9.8cm, two hole mid points are 19.6cm at interval), as cultivating container.
At the plastic conduit (rectangular tube of length * wide * height=300cm * 10cm * 10cm, or diameter 10cm round tube, volume 30L (rectangular tube) or 23.6L (round tube)) the top with one group of the rectangular opening that spaced 5cm is long, 0.5cm is wide of 19.6cm, as liquid storage container (length of plastic conduit can be adjusted according to cultivation space size).Reservoir sealed at both ends is used for connecting water source (the water supply pipe standard is pressed in the aperture, is in charge of or 6 is in charge of and is advisable with 4, and the lower edge, hole is far from base 1-2cm) in the bottom portion perforate of reservoir.
With another plastic box or stainless steel case (length * wide * height: 39.2cm * 30.5cm * 18.5cm, volume 22L) as preparation nutrient solution container (nutrient solution dispenser), in the base portion perforate (lower edge, hole is far from base 1-2cm) of nutrient solution dispenser one end, be used for being connected with liquid storage container.In the top perforate of the nutrient solution dispenser other end (upper edge, hole apart from about top margin 5cm), the inboard ball float sealing valve that connects of the case in hole, the case outside is connected with uninterrupted water source.Liquid storage container is adjusted to level, be communicated with the hole of nutrient solution dispenser one end bottom, by the adjusting of ball float sealing valve, make the liquid level of nutrient solution dispenser and liquid storage container be lower than liquid storage container top capillary force Flexible water pipe insertion mouthful 2 about 2-3cm, prevent that nutrient solution from overflowing.
After horticultural crops such as capillary force Flexible water pipe, filling nutrition soil and the grape of planting are set in cultivating container with the method for embodiment 1, in a row place the liquid storage container top, the lower end of capillary force Flexible water pipe is inserted in the square opening of liquid storage container, foster moisture in absorption and the last fortune liquid storage container is to cultivating container implants rhizosphere soil, for the plant absorbing utilization.Plant absorbing can cause the liquid level of liquid storage container and nutrient solution dispenser to descend, the sinking of ball float sealing valve can be opened switch, automatically from water recharging water to nutrient solution dispenser and liquid storage container, keep the nutrition liquid level of liquid storage container to the height of setting (inserting a mouthful 1-2cm apart from top capillary force Flexible water pipe).According to requirement and the nutrient solution consumption of cultivated plant growth to nutrient solution concentration, calculate the demand of fertilizer nutrition, regularly load weighted fertilizer is dissolved into the nutrient solution dispenser and gets final product.
The growth experiment of embodiment 4 plant in cultivation system
(V.Ishiharawase * V.Centennial) kind is material with life in 4 years of the same size potted plant " huge peak " grape, mode according to embodiment 1 is cultivated, record concentration and the quantity of the nutrient solution that consumes in 1 annually cultivating, calculate the input amount (deducting the amount in the nutrition soil) of nutritive element.In the season of growth branches and leaves of summer pruning being collected oven dry with the fruit of gathering preserves.The tree body that to cultivate after finishing in resting stage decomposes and oven dry, pulverize together with branches and leaves and fruit dry sample that the season of growth collects, measure the content of various nutritive elements, deduct the content of the nutritive element of homotype tree before testing as the net absorption of a growth cycle, compare with otal investment and be utilization rate of fertilizer.And in the same period cultivation bed with long-pending high 50cm, wide 100cm of same nutrition mound, press spacing cultivation life in same 4 years potted plant " huge peak " grape of 80cm, supply with the nutrient solution of same concentration with drip irrigation, quantity delivered is with the thick cultivation bed degree of being of moistening 50cm, every strain needs the 4.5L nutrient solution at every turn approximately, fruit expanding period and maturing stage begin drip irrigation supply with the soil water potential critical value of nutrient solution and be successively-50mbar and-130m bar.Handle individual plant for two kinds and all stay 5 at the tip, every tip stays 1 on fruit ear.
Result such as following table, capillary force transfusion band are handled the availability of macroelement between 93%-97%, are higher than the availability that contrasts 39%-45% far away.The 41%-48% that the water that the capillary force transfusion band is handled and macroelement input amount have only drip irrigation to handle, water saving joint fertilizer efficiency fruit significantly.
The availability that table 1 capillary force transfusion band is supplied with nutrient solution and drip irrigation compares
The plant culture test of the cultivation system that Comparative Examples 1 cultivating container hole is relative with the liquid storage container hole
Repeat embodiment 1, difference is, locates out the square opening that 5cm is long, 0.5cm is wide in the plastic box bottom surface centre (be about 15.3cm apart from long back gauge, be about 19.6cm apart from the minor face distance) as cultivating container, is used for laying the capillary force transfusion band; Be 15.3cm, be 19.6cm apart from side minor face distance apart from long limit one lateral extent at the plastic box top as liquid storage container, opposite side minor face distance is for opening the square orifice that 5cm is wide, 0.5cm is high in the 29.6cm place, make two holes in correspondence with each other, be used for the cultivating grape tree (with " huge peak " grape (V.Ishiharawase * V.Centennial) kind is example).
The result:
In the cultivation process, after about 1 month, the white root of plant begins to stretch in the liquid storage container along capillary force Flexible water pipe wall, and about about 2 months, white root putresced, and tree body shoot and leaf growth is obstructed, and engenders the blade yellow, and is finally withered.
Conclusion
Capillary force Flexible water pipe socket is located at the side, can prevents that root system from going deep into liquid storage container.Even there is root system to grow from socket, also can in time be found, prevent that by manual intercept it from continuing to extend.
All quote in this application as a reference at all documents that the utility model is mentioned, just quoted as a reference separately as each piece document.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the utility model after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present utility model, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Claims (10)
1. a plant cultivating device is characterized in that, comprising:
Liquid storage container, described liquid storage container are used for holding for required water or the nutrient solution of plant strain growth;
Cultivating container, described cultivating container are used for the cultivation plant and are arranged to be positioned at top or the side of described liquid storage container, and make the root system of the plant cultivated directly not contact with nutrient solution with the interior water of liquid storage container; With
The capillary force transfusion band, wherein said capillary force transfusion band is configured to have a nutrient solution end that is arranged in described liquid storage container and contacts with described water or nutrient solution, is arranged in described cultivating container and cultivates the root system of plant or the plant section that root system place cultivation medium contacts with quilt with one.
2. culturing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described capillary force transfusion band comprises: have the inner core of capillary pore material, and be used for preventing that root system from can not penetrate or enter the periphery parcel cover of interior in-core.
3. culturing device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described periphery parcel cover is positioned at described inner core outer ring, and wraps up described inner core.
4. culturing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the plant of described capillary force transfusion band end is arranged in the soil of the described plant of cultivation, and the nutrient solution end of capillary force transfusion band submerges in the described nutrient solution.
5. culturing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, has one or more perforates to be used for placing an end of capillary force transfusion band on the described cultivating container.
6. culturing device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described perforate is positioned at the cultivating container side, and apart from the distance on edge, the end distance less than the distance upper edge.
7. culturing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, holds nutrient solution in the described liquid storage container, and described nutrient solution and plant are isolated mutually by liquid storage container wall or cultivating container wall or dividing plate.
8. as claim 1 or 7 described culturing device, it is characterized in that described liquid storage container is provided with one or more perforates, be used for stretching into the capillary force transfusion band.
9. culturing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described liquid storage container also is provided with the fluid infusion mouth, and the liquid supply device that is connected with described fluid infusion mouth, be used for supplementing water and/or nutrient component.
10. culturing device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described liquid supply device also comprises the ball-cock assembly antipriming for the control amount infused.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320011067 CN203136509U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Plant cultivation device for supplying nutrient solution based on capillary force |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320011067 CN203136509U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Plant cultivation device for supplying nutrient solution based on capillary force |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN203136509U true CN203136509U (en) | 2013-08-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320011067 Expired - Lifetime CN203136509U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Plant cultivation device for supplying nutrient solution based on capillary force |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN203136509U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004353A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-03 | 上海交通大学 | Method for cultivating plants on basis of feeding nutrition liquid through capillary force |
| CN115474540A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-16 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Plant root system water-absorbing type intelligent irrigation system and use method thereof |
-
2013
- 2013-01-09 CN CN 201320011067 patent/CN203136509U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004353A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-03 | 上海交通大学 | Method for cultivating plants on basis of feeding nutrition liquid through capillary force |
| CN115474540A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-16 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Plant root system water-absorbing type intelligent irrigation system and use method thereof |
| CN115474540B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-01-30 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Plant root system water-absorbing intelligent irrigation system and application method thereof |
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