CN102823408B - A kind of clematis greenhouse soil planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a greenhouse soil planting method of anoectochilus formosanus, which belongs to the field of an agricultural planting technology. The greenhouse soil planting method of the anoectochilus formosanus comprises the following preparation steps of: establishing a bamboo greenhouse and installing sprinkler irrigation facilities; then choosing peat soil as a planting matrix, choosing anoectochilus formosanus seedlings to plant; paying attention to regulating temperature, humidity, luminosity and ventilation in the bamboo greenhouse in a secondary planting period of the anoectochilus formosanus so as to benefit the growth of the anoectochilus formosanus. The greenhouse soil planting method of the anoectochilus formosanus, provided by the invention, is good in safety, high in quality and harmless to human body, and is not only suitable for small-size production based on the family unit, but also suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

A kind of clematis greenhouse soil planting method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and relates to a soil planting method of clematis in greenhouses.

Background technique

Clematis clematis is a perennial rare Chinese herbal medicine of the Orchidaceae lip plant. It has a wide range of applications and is known as the "king of medicine" and "miracle medicine". According to the determination of relevant departments, it is found that the amino acid composition, ingredients, content and anti-aging active trace element content of clematis are higher than those of domestic and wild American ginseng. The whole herb of clematis clematis can be used as medicine. It tastes flat and sweet, and has the functions of clearing heat and cooling blood, expelling wind and dampness, detoxification, pain relief, and antitussive. It is mainly used for hemoptysis, bronchitis, nephritis, cystitis, diabetes, hematuria, and rheumatism. Intractable diseases such as arthritis, tumors, etc., especially in recent years, scientific research has initially confirmed that Auranthus clematis has obvious anti-cancer effects, and it is the first choice of Chinese herbal medicine for cancer treatment.

There are three options for cultivating clematis at present:

The first type: the cultivation of clematis in bottle seedlings: tissue culture is a necessary stage in the production of clematis in bottle, but clematis in bottle seedlings only stays at this stage. The quality of this type of clematis clematis is relatively poor, and it contains substances harmful to the human body, and the active ingredients of clematis clematis are not fully formed simultaneously. This method of producing clematis is not worth promoting.

The second method: planting clematis under the forest: this approach is close to natural environment planting, which is good for the quality of clematis; but it has limitations and cannot be mass-produced. Therefore, understory planting has great limitations.

The third type: greenhouse planting: using steel frames, wet curtains, etc. to build greenhouses is a more modern and scientific approach. In this way, the luminosity, temperature, humidity, ventilation and other conditions of the greenhouse can be controlled, and it can be mass-produced without seasonal restrictions; but the investment is large and the cost is high.

Because clematis has qualified requirements for the ecological environment, coupled with the long-term excavation by people in the pharmaceutical industry and the invasion and eating of wild animals, and the development of mountainous areas in recent years, the destruction of ecological resources has greatly reduced the number of wild clematis, resulting in a shortage of medicinal resources. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the tissue culture and planting of A. clematis.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a soil planting method of clematis in a greenhouse. On the one hand, the greenhouse planting method has good safety and high quality, and on the other hand, it can be produced as a family unit or on a large scale.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A method for planting clematis in greenhouse soil, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

A. Greenhouse construction:

1) Build a bamboo greenhouse;

2) Covering film, sunshade net, sprinkling quicklime powder and laying grass-proof cloth: first, cover the outside of the bamboo greenhouse from the ground to the top of the bamboo greenhouse with film; secondly, choose a sunshade net with a shading rate of 80-95%, Covering the outside of the bamboo greenhouse; then sprinkling quicklime powder on the ground inside and around the bamboo greenhouse; 1 to 5 days after sprinkling the quicklime powder, laying a layer of weed-proof cloth on the ground inside the bamboo greenhouse;

3) Install sprinkler irrigation facilities;

B. Preparation for planting

1) Preparation of planting substrate: use peat soil as the planting substrate, and expose to the sun for t days under the hot sun; put the peat soil on a standard planting tray after exposure, and the thickness of the peat soil is 3-8cm;

2) Preparation of clematis seedlings; put clematis seedlings into 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times solution and soak for 10-50 seconds, then they can be planted;

C. to plant

1) Planting: plant according to the standard of 3-7cm between plants and 3-7cm between rows, and fill with soil for compaction;

2) After the planting is completed, the atomizing nozzle is poured thoroughly;

D. Field management

1) Temperature control: the clematis can grow normally at 15-30°C. When the temperature exceeds 28°C, the temperature is lowered by sprinkling water through the rotating nozzle of the outer greenhouse; put down the plastic film in winter and keep warm to above 6°C;

2) Humidity control: the growth air humidity of the clematis is 65-80%;

3) Luminosity control: the luminosity of Clematis clematis is 2000-3500 lumens;

Preferably, a planting base is selected before the construction of the greenhouse in the step A, the planting base is selected in a pollution-free place, the temperature of the planting base is 5-35°C, and the ground of each greenhouse is flat.

Preferably, building a bamboo greenhouse in the step B comprises the steps of:

a, the external width of the bamboo greenhouse is 6 meters, the length is 25 meters, and the height is 5 meters;

b, the middle of the inside of the bamboo shed is a 0.8 meter wide passage, each side is a 2 meter wide bamboo bed, and the outside of the bamboo bed is a 0.6 meter wide passage; the bamboo bed is divided into two layers, and the first layer of the bamboo bed is separated from The ground is 2.8 meters high, the second layer of the bamboo bed is 1.5 meters above the ground, the inside of the bamboo shed is 4.5 meters high, the top of the inner shed is 0.5 meters away from the top of the outer shed, the middle of the top of the bamboo shed is high, and the two sides are low; The bamboo slices are spread out at intervals and fixed with cloth strips to hold the planting trays.

Further, the third layer is planted on the ground inside the bamboo greenhouse.

Preferably, in the step B, t is 25 days; in the step B, soak for 20-40 seconds; in the step D, the growth temperature of clematis is 20-30°C; The humidity is 65-75%; the luminosity of the clematis in the step D is 2500-3000 lumens.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The application of soil planting in the present invention can ensure the quality of Aurantia clematis.

2. No chemical fertilizers are used in the planting process of the present invention, which is eco-friendly and harmless to the human body.

3. The present invention uses greenhouses to plant close to the natural environment, and can provide an environment suitable for the production of clematis.

4. The bamboo and wood materials used in the present invention are environmentally friendly, utilize local natural resources, and reduce costs.

5. The business model of the present invention can be produced on a family basis with low cost; it can be replicated and scaled up.

Detailed ways

The examples described in the present invention are to illustrate the present invention but not to limit the present invention. Any changes and adjustments within the equivalent meaning and scope of the present invention shall be considered within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Concrete embodiment: a kind of soil planting method of clematis greenhouse

The meaning of planting clematis in greenhouse soil is to transplant clematis from the bottle, that is, "bottle seedling" to the soil in the greenhouse; the growth time of clematis is more than 13 months, and the growth time in the cultivation room is 5 months. months, the time for hardening seedlings in outdoor greenhouses is 2 months, and the time for soil planting is more than 6 months.

A method for planting clematis in greenhouse soil, comprising the steps of:

A. Preparatory work before planting in the greenhouse

1) Select the planting base: choose a place without pollution; the temperature of the planting base is 5-35°C, and the ground of each greenhouse is flat.

2) Prepare materials

a, greenhouse materials: bamboo layer, bamboo bed, sunshade net with 80-95% shading rate, plastic film, insect-proof net, grass-proof cloth, cloth strip, plastic water pipe, spray nozzle, water pump; bamboo layer described in the present invention And the raw material of the bamboo bed is bamboo, Chinese fir or pine, preferably bamboo.

b. Planting materials: clematis seedlings, peat soil, and a plastic square plate with a length of 45 cm, a width of 45 cm, and a height of 5 cm.

B. Build a bamboo greenhouse

1) Level the land

a. The practical range of each greenhouse is 6 meters in width and 25 meters in length. According to the requirements, the land for each greenhouse is leveled out. According to the actual situation of the land, the width is fixed and the length can be handled flexibly. The preferred length of this embodiment is 25 meters. The ground should not be level, but should be slightly higher in the middle and lower on both sides, so that the water for sprinkler irrigation can naturally flow to both sides without water accumulation in the middle.

b. The distance between each greenhouse is 6-10 meters, preferably 6 meters in this embodiment.

c. Dig ditches with a width of 0.5m and a depth of 0.5m around each greenhouse for drainage of rainwater and water for sprinkler irrigation. According to local actual conditions, the width and depth of the ditches can be handled flexibly.

2) Build a bamboo greenhouse

a. The structure description of the outer greenhouse: the width is 6 meters, the length is 25 meters, and the height is 5 meters.

b. Description of the internal structure: in the center is a 0.8-meter-wide channel, with 2-meter-wide bamboo beds on both sides, and 0.6-meter-wide channels outside the bamboo bed; the bamboo bed is divided into two layers, the first layer of the bamboo bed 2.8 meters above the ground, the second layer of the bamboo bed is 1.5 meters above the ground, the inside top of the bamboo bed is 4.5 meters high, the inside top of the bamboo bed is 0.5 meters away from the outside top of the bamboo bed, and the inside top of the bamboo shed is 0.5 meters above the ground. The middle is high and the two sides are low; the inclination is about 45%, which is suitable for natural drainage of rainwater; the bamboo bed is spread out with bamboo slices at intervals and fixed with cloth strips to hold the planting tray; in this structural design, the ground inside the bamboo bed Plant the 3rd layer.

3) Cover with film, sunshade net, sprinkle quicklime powder and lay grass-proof cloth

a. Covering film: The outside of the bamboo greenhouse is covered with a film from the ground to the top, and the end of the bamboo greenhouse away from the ground is installed with an upper card slot and a manual lifting rod; rise to the top.

b. Sunshade net: select a sunshade net with a shading rate of 80-95%, and cover it outside the bamboo greenhouse, and install a card slot and a manual lifting rod at the end of the bamboo greenhouse away from the ground.

c. Sprinkle quicklime powder: sprinkle quicklime powder on the ground inside the bamboo greenhouse and the surrounding ditch to play a role in sterilization.

d. Laying weed-proof cloth: After 1-5 days of sprinkling quicklime powder, spread a layer of weed-proof cloth on the ground of the greenhouse, which is conducive to environmental sanitation. In this embodiment, it is preferable to sprinkle quicklime powder 3 days later.

4) Install sprinkler irrigation facilities

a, external sprinkler irrigation facilities: along the length direction, a rotating sprinkler head is installed every 5 meters on the external top of the bamboo greenhouse, the purpose is to sprinkle water to cool down in high temperature weather.

b, internal sprinkler irrigation facilities: along the length direction, atomizing nozzles are installed directly above each of the bamboo beds, one per 1 meter, and the internal sprinkler irrigation facilities have the functions of cooling, watering and increasing humidity.

C. Planting method

1) Preparation of planting substrate: Use peat soil as the planting substrate; take pure natural peat soil and expose it to the sun for 2 to 5 days to sterilize, preferably 3 days in this example; put the sterilized peat soil in On a standard planting tray, the thickness is 3-8 cm, preferably 5 cm in this embodiment.

2) Preparation of clematis seedlings; soak clematis seedlings in 50% carbendazim 800 times solution for 30 seconds, and then they can be planted.

3) Planting: Plant according to the standard of 3-7 cm between plants and 3-7 cm between rows. In this embodiment, the preferred distance between plants is 5 cm and the distance between rows is 5 cm.

4) After the planting is completed, water it through the atomizing nozzle to facilitate the growth of the plant.

D. Normal field management

1) Temperature control: Clematis can grow normally within 15-30°C; when the temperature exceeds 28°C, it should be cooled by spraying water through the rotating nozzle of the outer greenhouse; in winter, the plastic film should be put down and kept warm, and the temperature should be at least 6°C , if the natural temperature is too low, artificial means should be used to increase the temperature; the growth temperature of clematis is 20-30°C, and the preferred growth temperature of clematis in this embodiment is 25°C.

2) Humidity control: the air humidity for the growth of clematis is 65-80%; to keep the soil moist, it can be humidified by watering through the atomizing nozzle in the inner greenhouse. The air humidity for the growth of clematis is 65% ~75%, preferably 70% in this embodiment.

3) Luminosity control: Clematis aureus has relatively strict requirements on luminosity, the best is about 2500-3000 lumens, which is one-third of normal sunlight. Clematis is most afraid of direct sunlight, and the effect of blocking strong sunlight can be achieved through the sunshade net.

4) Ventilation control: In summer, it is necessary to ensure the ventilation effect in the greenhouse as much as possible.

5) Control of pests and diseases: Reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases by using high-quality clematis seedlings and creating the most suitable growth environment for clematis. No chemical pesticides are sprayed during the growth period; snails that may appear are solved by artificial means. However, within 3 months of planting, especially in the high temperature period from May to September, if stem rot occurs, environmental organic biopesticides such as carbendazim can be used once, but any drugs are prohibited within 60 days before picking.

6) Water and fertilizer control: Use high-quality peat soil, which is rich in nutrients, so there is no need to use any chemical fertilizers during the growth period.

7) Planting time: more than 6 months to harvest. According to the measurement data, the active ingredients of Clematis clematis are basically formed when the soil is planted for more than 4 months, and the residues harmful to the human body are basically excreted during the tissue culture process. After planting for more than 6 months, the active ingredients of clematis have been fully formed, and the harmful residues in the tissue culture have been fully excreted.

The present invention has following beneficial effects:

1. The application of soil planting in the present invention can ensure the quality of Aurantia clematis.

2. No chemical fertilizers are used in the planting process of the present invention, which is eco-friendly and harmless to the human body.

3. The present invention uses greenhouses to plant close to the natural environment, and can provide an environment suitable for the production of clematis.

4. The bamboo and wood materials used in the present invention are environmentally friendly, utilize local natural resources, and reduce costs.

5. The business model of the present invention can be produced on a family basis with low cost; it can be replicated and scaled up.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (9)

1. A method for planting clematis greenhouse soil, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: A. Greenhouse construction: 1) Build a bamboo greenhouse; 2) Covering film, sunshade net, sprinkling quicklime powder and laying grass-proof cloth: first, cover the outside of the bamboo greenhouse from the ground to the top of the bamboo greenhouse with film; secondly, choose a sunshade net with a shading rate of 80-95%, Covering the outside of the bamboo greenhouse; then sprinkling quicklime powder on the ground inside and around the bamboo greenhouse; 1 to 5 days after sprinkling the quicklime powder, laying a layer of weed-proof cloth on the ground inside the bamboo greenhouse; 3) Install sprinkler irrigation facilities; B. Preparation for planting 1) Preparation of planting substrate: use peat soil as the planting substrate, and expose to the sun for 1-10 days; put the peat soil on a standard planting tray after exposure, and the thickness of the peat soil is 3-8cm; 2) Preparation of clematis seedlings; put clematis seedlings into 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times solution and soak for 10-50 seconds, then they can be planted; C. to plant 1) Planting: plant according to the standard of 3-7cm between plants and 3-7cm between rows, and fill with soil for compaction; 2) After the planting is completed, the atomizing nozzle is poured thoroughly; D. Field management 1) Temperature control: the clematis grows normally within 15-30°C, and when the temperature exceeds 28°C, the sprinkler irrigation facilities are used to cool down; 2) Humidity control: the growth air humidity of the clematis is 65-80%; 3) Luminosity control: the luminosity of Clematis clematis is 2000-3500 lumens; 2. method for planting soil in a clematis greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: before the construction of said step A greenhouse, a planting base is first selected, said planting base is selected in a pollution-free place, and the temperature of said planting base is 5～35℃, the ground of each greenhouse is flat. 3. the method for planting soil in a greenhouse of clematis according to claim 1, characterized in that: building a bamboo greenhouse in said step A comprises the following steps: a, the external width of the bamboo greenhouse is 6 meters, the length is 25 meters, and the height is 5 meters; b, the middle of the inside of the bamboo shed is a 0.8 meter wide passage, each side is a 2 meter wide bamboo bed, and the outside of the bamboo bed is a 0.6 meter wide passage; the bamboo bed is divided into two layers, and the first layer of the bamboo bed is separated from The ground is 2.8 meters high, the second layer of the bamboo bed is 1.5 meters above the ground, the inside of the bamboo shed is 4.5 meters high, the top of the inner shed is 0.5 meters away from the top of the outer shed, the middle of the top of the bamboo shed is high, and the two sides are low; The bamboo slices are spread out at intervals and fixed with cloth strips to hold the planting trays. 4. The soil planting method of clematis in a greenhouse according to claim 3, characterized in that: the third layer is planted on the ground inside the bamboo greenhouse. 5 . The soil planting method of clematis in a greenhouse according to claim 1 , characterized in that: in the step B, t is 2 to 5 days. 6 . The soil planting method of clematis in a greenhouse according to claim 1 , characterized in that: soaking in step B for 20 to 40 seconds. 7 . 7. The soil planting method of clematis in a greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: the growth temperature of clematis in the step D is 20-30°C. 8 . The soil planting method of clematis in a greenhouse according to claim 1 , characterized in that: in the step D, the humidity of the air in which clematis grows is 65-75%. 9. The method for planting clematis in greenhouse soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step D, the luminosity of clematis is 2500-3000 lumens.