CN106912344A - The pruning of pear tree and management method - Google Patents
The pruning of pear tree and management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106912344A CN106912344A CN201611046801.7A CN201611046801A CN106912344A CN 106912344 A CN106912344 A CN 106912344A CN 201611046801 A CN201611046801 A CN 201611046801A CN 106912344 A CN106912344 A CN 106912344A
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- pear tree
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
Pruning and management method the invention provides a kind of pear tree, it uses a center to do tree-like and rational seeding row spacing and designs, and the mode that special fixed pear tree center is done.The present invention has the advantages that shaping is fast, is easy to do mechanization operation, easy high and stable yield, prunes easily simple.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting fruit trees field, pruning and management method especially in regard to a kind of pear tree.
Background technology
Original pear tree is pruned：Originally Pear trees shape is pruned and needs summer pruning and winter pruning, spends preceding complex shears, and summer repaiies
Cutting needs pinching, pinches, the overstocked branch of cutting back, removes branch of excessive growth etc., and winter pruning is often required for by artificial pruning, work
Amount is big, and technical requirements are high, and orchard worker's the pruning efficiency is low, it is necessary to remove sick branch, removal overlaps the nothings such as branch, overstocked branch and the branch of excessive growth
With branch, various Pear trees shapes will also according to tree-like determination major branch, the pruning of side shoot, the principle of pruning substantially have it is following some：①
Must pay attention to controlling apical dominance, limit the height of tree, pay attention to Growing season the first transaction of a day's business branch angle, balance skeleton branch growing way；2. according to pears
The characteristics of rudiment power forms by force principal stresses weak weak and branch base portion have the phenomenon of blind section, to take care of yourself earlier results area, and prevent
Middle ﹑ later stages tree vigo(u)r is weak, and cutting back amount should be suitably increased in pruning, reduces sparse branching amount, few with weight cutting back, as far as possible using all kinds of
Branch；3. must be noted that to cultivate the Zhong large-scale branch groups of ﹑, fine pruning fruitful branch group.It is traditional tree-like to bring substantial amounts of work to pruning
Make, be unfavorable for orchard worker's large-scale planting theatre, serious reduces input-output ratio.
Tradition is tree-like to be primarily present problems with：
(1) technical requirements are high, are unfavorable for that key technology is promoted；
(2) pruning workload is big, in addition it is also necessary to artificial to prune, and increased the labor cost in pears production；
(3) traditional tree-like plant is overstocked, is unfavorable for do mechanization operation, and fertilising, laxative, pruning, harvesting are required for manually entering
OK；
(4) the technology Grasping level in same orchard due to each pruning workman and personal like, easily same
The big tree of individual difference is caused in theatre, and inconvenience is brought to pears production.
The content of the invention
The invention provides one kind shaping it is fast, be easy to do mechanization operation, easy high and stable yield, prune easily simple pear tree
Pruning and management method.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：A kind of pruning of pear tree and management method, it includes
Following steps：
First, First Year, pear tree is calmly dry in 50-60 centimetres high of the trunk then of field planting, and First Year is so that Culture Center is dry
It is main, pinching treatment when the young sprout grown in center dry bottom early summer is in 20-30 cms, promotion center is dry to be grown up, and is arrived
Stake is stayed to prune these young sprouts sent then on center is dry when winter pruning, stake is long 2-3 centimetres；
2nd, Second Year, all of bud carries out carving bud treatment, all warps until early summer beginning of spring rudiment Qian Dui centers are dry
Crossing at quarter bud treatment can all sprout new branch, and young sprout is carried out with the toothpick of double headed roller point when young sprout grows to 10 cm
Spreading angle treatment, spreading angle is about 60 degree, strengthens the rich water quality management of pear tree, promotes young sprout growth, in 6, July to young sprout
Carry out drawing branch treatment, the spreading angle of young sprout is expanded to 80-90 degree, may advantageously facilitate flower_bud formation, Second Year is mainly opening
It is to yield positive results within the 3rd year to lay foundation based on branch；
3rd, the 3rd year, the branch that Zhe Sheng centers are done will yield positive results, and become fruitful branch or fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the
Determine that rational load capacity is accordingly pruned according to tree vigo(u)r within 3 years；
4th, later each year the growing way power and adnation position of upper fruitful branch are done according to Zhe Sheng centers, is carried out in various degree
Cutting back, after it there is shoot bar, next year goes to force to stay on weak, and bounces back to weak bifurcation, is further cultured for fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
Further, the seeding row spacing density of the pear tree is 1 meter of spacing in the rows, 4 meters of line-spacing, be expert at middle 2.5 meters can be with sward.
Further, in step one and two, bamboo is tied up on center is dry, is grown up beneficial to center dry brush is straight.
Further, in step one and two, using in bracing wire colligation in the ranks, a cement is respectively erect at pear tree row two
Post, 2.5 meters of cement pillar height, 0.5 meter is embedded in underground, 0.8 meter of cross bar long is fixed for 1.5 meters on the ground in concrete column, in cement
Post is liftoff, and 1 meter of eminence ties up an iron wire, and an iron wire is respectively bound at cross bar two ends, after all of iron wire is tensed, the pears on row
Tree can as needed carry out colligation.
Further, the pipe of drip irrigation is tied up on the iron wire, rich water integration convenient to carry out.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
(1) tree-like use wide row space cultivation mode is done at one center of pear tree, is in the ranks easy to the walking and operation of big machinery,
So done using pear tree one center during tree-like theatre can make full use of ditching machine, fertilizer applicator, Insecticide sprayer, hay mover etc.
Big machinery, has saved substantial amounts of labour to a certain extent, substantially increases the production efficiency of fruit pears；
(2) one center of pear tree does tree-like simple, and shaping is fast, carries out ahead of time high yield period, and stable yields, and technology is simply easy
Learn, be easy to the popularization of large area；
(3) tree-like unification is done at one center of pear tree, and management is easy, is conducive to the construction in pear tree standard garden, produces fruit one
The pears of cause；
(4) tree-like line-spacing is done greatly in one center of pear tree, in inter-row green covering, is conducive to increasing the soil organism in theatre, carries
Fruit quality high etc..
Specific embodiment
It is the technique effect for the technology used in the present invention means being expanded on further He reach, does with reference to embodiments in detail
Describe in detail bright.
Pruning and management method the invention provides a kind of pear tree, it comprises the following steps：
First, First Year, pear tree is calmly dry in 50-60 centimetres high of the trunk then of field planting, First Year with Culture Center it is dry based on,
Pinching treatment when the young sprout grown in center dry bottom early summer is in 20-30 cms, promotion center is dry to be grown up, to winter
Stake is stayed to prune these young sprouts sent then on center is dry when pruning, stake is long 2-3 centimetres；
2nd, Second Year, all of bud carries out carving bud treatment, all warps until early summer beginning of spring rudiment Qian Dui centers are dry
Crossing at quarter bud treatment can all sprout new branch, and young sprout is carried out with the toothpick of double headed roller point when young sprout grows to 10 cm
Spreading angle treatment, spreading angle is about 60 degree, strengthens the rich water quality management of pear tree, promotes young sprout growth, in 6, July to young sprout
Carry out drawing branch treatment, the spreading angle of young sprout is expanded to 80-90 degree, may advantageously facilitate flower_bud formation, Second Year is mainly opening
It is to yield positive results within the 3rd year to lay foundation based on branch；
3rd, the 3rd year, the branch that Zhe Sheng centers are done will yield positive results, and become fruitful branch or fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the
Determine that rational load capacity is accordingly pruned according to tree vigo(u)r within 3 years；
4th, later each year the growing way power and adnation position of upper fruitful branch are done according to Zhe Sheng centers, is carried out in various degree
Cutting back, after it there is shoot bar, next year goes to force to stay on weak, and bounces back to weak bifurcation, is further cultured for fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
The seeding row spacing density of pear tree is 1 meter of spacing in the rows in the present invention, 4 meters of line-spacing, be expert at middle 2.5 meters can be with sward, natural plant height
Can be mowed also field, increase the theatre content of organic matter.
One center of pear tree does tree-like height of tree 3-3.5 meters, and full tree only one of which center is done, and does not have traditional tree on center is dry
The major branch and side shoot of shape, on center is dry directly raw fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster, it is such tree-like to prune simple, it is easy to machinery
It is turned into industry, is easy to the construction and management in standard theatre.
Tree-like only one of which center is done due to one center of pear tree to do, unified tree-like, system can be formed so in the ranks
One line width, is exactly also only 1 meter or so of the width that row is set into high yield period, and fruitful branch or fruitful branch length are on 0.5 meter of left side
The right side, in the ranks also 2 meters or so of space, is so conducive to the walking of big machinery, be easy to ditching machine, fertilizer applicator, Insecticide sprayer,
The walking and operation of hay mover, it is convenient when also allowing for plucking to transport.
One center of pear tree does tree-like facilities for needing some auxiliary in the case of conditional to form tree-like to help, and one
It is that can tie up bamboo on center is dry in First Year and Second Year, is grown up beneficial to center dry brush is straight；Two is to utilize to be expert at
Between bracing wire colligation, pear tree row two respectively erect a concrete column, 2.5 meters of cement pillar height, 0.5 meter is embedded in underground, in cement
Post fixes 0.8 meter of cross bar long for 1.5 meters on the ground, and an iron wire is tied up in the liftoff 1 meter of eminence of concrete column, is respectively tied up at cross bar two ends
A upper iron wire, after all of iron wire is tensed, the pear tree on row can as needed carry out colligation.So at liftoff 1 meter high
Not only can be dry with colligation pear tree center on iron wire, the pipe of drip irrigation can also be tied up on this root iron wire in standardization theatre,
Rich water integration convenient to carry out.
Described above fully discloses specific embodiment of the invention.It is pointed out that being familiar with the field
Scope of any change that technical staff is done to specific embodiment of the invention all without departing from claims of the present invention.
Correspondingly, the scope of claim of the invention is also not limited only to previous embodiment.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of pruning of pear tree and management method, it is characterised in that：It comprises the following steps：
First, First Year, pear tree is calmly dry in 50-60 centimetres high of the trunk then of field planting, First Year with Culture Center it is dry based on, in
Young sprout pinching treatment in 20-30 cms that the heart dry bottom early summer grows, promotion center is dry to be grown up, to winter pruning
When stay stake to prune these young sprouts sent then on center is dry, stake is long 2-3 centimetres；
2nd, Second Year, all of bud carries out carving bud treatment beginning of spring rudiment Qian Dui centers are dry, all by carving until early summer
New branch can be all sprouted at bud treatment, young sprout is opened a business with the toothpick of double headed roller point when young sprout grows to 10 cm
Angle treatment, spreading angle is about 60 degree, strengthens the rich water quality management of pear tree, promotes young sprout growth, and young sprout is carried out in 6, July
Branch treatment is drawn, the spreading angle of young sprout is expanded to 80-90 degree, may advantageously facilitate flower_bud formation, Second Year is mainly to open branch
It is main, it is to yield positive results within the 3rd year to lay foundation；
3rd, the 3rd year, the branch that Zhe Sheng centers are done will yield positive results, and become fruitful branch or fruit-bearing shoot cluster, the 3rd year
Determine that rational load capacity is accordingly pruned according to tree vigo(u)r；
4th, later each year is according to growing way that upper fruitful branch is done at Zhe Sheng centers is strong and weak and adnation position, carries out different degrees of short
Cut, after it there is shoot bar, next year goes to force to stay on weak, and bounces back to weak bifurcation, is further cultured for fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
2. the pruning of pear tree according to claim 1 and management method, it is characterised in that：The seeding row spacing density of the pear tree
1 meter of spacing in the rows, 4 meters of line-spacing, be expert at middle 2.5 meters can be with sward.
3. the pruning of pear tree according to claim 1 and management method, it is characterised in that：In step one and two, at center
Bamboo is tied up on dry, is grown up beneficial to center dry brush is straight.
4. the pruning of pear tree according to claim 1 and management method, it is characterised in that：In step one and two, using
Bracing wire colligation in the ranks, in a piece concrete column of each setting in pear tree row two, 2.5 meters of cement pillar height, 0.5 meter is embedded in underground, in water
Mud post fixes 0.8 meter of cross bar long for 1.5 meters on the ground, and an iron wire is tied up in the liftoff 1 meter of eminence of concrete column, each at cross bar two ends
An iron wire is bound, after all of iron wire is tensed, the pear tree on row can as needed carry out colligation.
5. the pruning of pear tree according to claim 4 and management method, it is characterised in that：The pipe of drip irrigation is tied up described
On iron wire, rich water integration convenient to carry out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611046801.7A CN106912344A (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | The pruning of pear tree and management method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107484616A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-19 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of tree-like breeding method of apricot castatopsis fissa " rich " font |
| CN107820982A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-23 | 阜阳市鸿业生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of apricot tree is beneficial to the pruning technique of growth |
| CN109006390A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-18 | 黄冈市农业科学院 | A kind of drip irrigation pipe laying method under frame pears mode |
| CN109452067A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-12 | 广西贺州市正丰现代农业股份有限公司 | A kind of Young pear trees shaping methods |
| CN109588146A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-09 | 遵义师范学院 | A kind of pruning method of pear tree |
| CN112889524A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 山东省果树研究所 | Reverse branch pulling device and method for close planting pear orchard |
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| CN104012219A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-09-03 | 河北农业大学 | Bud carving technology for promoting pear seedling central trunk to have multiple branches |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107484616A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-19 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of tree-like breeding method of apricot castatopsis fissa " rich " font |
| CN107820982A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-23 | 阜阳市鸿业生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of apricot tree is beneficial to the pruning technique of growth |
| CN109006390A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-18 | 黄冈市农业科学院 | A kind of drip irrigation pipe laying method under frame pears mode |
| CN109452067A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-12 | 广西贺州市正丰现代农业股份有限公司 | A kind of Young pear trees shaping methods |
| CN109588146A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-09 | 遵义师范学院 | A kind of pruning method of pear tree |
| CN112889524A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 山东省果树研究所 | Reverse branch pulling device and method for close planting pear orchard |
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Application publication date: 20170704 |