CN106488908A - 制备3‑(3‑氯‑1h‑吡唑‑1‑基)吡啶的方法 - Google Patents

制备3‑(3‑氯‑1h‑吡唑‑1‑基)吡啶的方法 Download PDF

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CN106488908A
CN106488908A CN201480080501.3A CN201480080501A CN106488908A CN 106488908 A CN106488908 A CN 106488908A CN 201480080501 A CN201480080501 A CN 201480080501A CN 106488908 A CN106488908 A CN 106488908A
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pyridine
pyrazol
amino
water
organic solvent
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Q·杨
B·洛尔斯巴赫
C·迪米西斯
A·M·布伊塞
小罗纳德·罗斯
X·李
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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    • A01N43/40Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/561,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles

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Abstract

通过如下制备3‑(3‑氯‑1H‑吡唑‑1‑基)吡啶:将3‑溴吡啶与商购3‑氨基吡唑偶联,通过重结晶纯化3‑(3‑氨基‑1H‑吡唑‑1‑基)吡啶,并且通过桑德迈尔反应将氨基转化为氯基。

Description

制备3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶的方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求了以下的2014年7月31日提交的美国临时专利申请序列号62/031,557的权益,在此将其整体内容明确并入本申请中以作参考。
背景技术
本发明涉及改善的制备3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶的方法。
US 20130288893(A1)尤其描述了某些(3-卤-1-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-4-基)酰胺和氨基甲酸酯以及它们作为农药的用途。制备这种化合物的途径涉及通过直接偶联3-溴吡啶与3-氯吡唑制备3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶。通过如下制备3-氯吡唑:a)将1H-吡唑用2-二甲基氨磺酰氯和氢化钠处理,得到N,N-二甲基-1H-吡唑-1-磺酰胺,b)将N,N-二甲基-1H-吡唑-1-磺酰胺用六氯乙烷和正丁基锂处理,得到3-氯-N,N-二甲基-1H-吡唑-1-磺酰,c)从3-氯-N,N-二甲基-1H-吡唑-1-磺酰胺用三氟乙酸除去N,N-二甲基磺酰胺,得到3-氯吡唑。
上述披露的方法的收率低,所依赖的起始原料难以制备(3-氯吡唑),得到的产品难以以纯净物的形式分离。会需要制备3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(5b)的方法避免这些问题。
发明内容
本发明通过如下提供这样的替换物:将3-溴吡啶与商购3-氨基吡唑偶联,将3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)通过重结晶纯化,并且通过桑德迈尔反应将氨基转化为氯基。因此,本发明涉及制备3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(5b)的方法:
所述方法包括:
a)在约75℃至约155℃的温度在催化量的氯化亚铜(I)和碱的存在下将3-溴吡啶
用3-氨基吡唑
在水混溶性极性非质子有机溶剂中处理,得到3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)
b)将3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)在水中重结晶;
c)在约0℃至约25℃的温度将3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)在含水盐酸中用亚硝酸钠处理,得到重氮盐(8b)
d)在约0℃至约25℃的温度将重氮盐(8b)用氯化铜处理。
具体实施方式
本发明通过如下提供改善的制备3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(5b)的方法:将3-溴吡啶与商购3-氨基吡唑偶联,将3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)通过重结晶纯化,并且通过桑德迈尔反应将氨基转化为氯基。
在第一步中,在约75℃至约155℃的温度在催化量的氯化铜和碱的存在下将3-溴吡啶用3-氨基吡唑在水混溶性极性非质子有机溶剂中偶联,得到3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)。尽管需要化学计量的3-溴吡啶和3-氨基吡唑,但经常常规使用过量的3-氨基吡唑。优选过量约10mol%至约50mol%3-氨基吡唑。在约5mol%至约50mol%的氯化铜、优选约15mol%至约30mol%的氯化铜存在下进行偶联。氯化铜可以为氯化亚铜(I)或氯化铜(II)。也在碱的存在下进行偶联。尽管需要化学计量的3-溴吡啶和碱,但经常常规使用约1.5倍至约2倍过量的碱。碱金属碳酸盐为优选的碱。在水混溶性极性非质子有机溶剂中进行偶联。可溶于水的极性非质子有机溶剂包括腈例如乙腈,亚砜例如二甲亚砜,酰胺例如N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺。特别优选N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
在常见反应中,在氮气氛下将氯化亚铜(I)、3-氨基吡唑、碳酸钾和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺引入到反应容器中,逐渐加入3-溴吡啶。在约110℃加热混合物直到大多数3-溴吡啶已经反应。允许混合物冷却,在减压下除去大多数溶剂。通过在水中重结晶常规分离和纯化粗制3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)。
然后通过如下将纯化的3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)转化为需要的3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(5b):在约0℃至约25℃的温度在含水盐酸中用亚硝酸钠处理,得到重氮盐,然后在约0℃至约25℃的温度用氯化铜处理重氮盐。尽管需要化学计量的试剂,但经常常规使用相对于3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)过量的试剂。因此,使用大大过量的含水盐酸作为反应介质。亚硝酸钠的用量过量约1.5倍至约2倍。氯化铜的用量过量约5mol%至约50mol%,优选过量约15mol%至约30mol%。氯化铜可以为氯化亚铜(I)、氯化铜(II)或铜粉。为了抑制反应期间的发泡,在用氯化铜处理重氮盐期间可加入与水不混溶的有机溶剂例如甲苯或氯仿。
在常见反应中,将3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)和含水盐酸的混合物混合并且冷却至约0℃。保持温度低于约5℃,缓慢加入亚硝酸钠水溶液。在约0℃搅拌悬浮液约2小时。在单独的容器中,将氯化亚铜(I)和甲苯的混合物冷却至约0℃,以保持温度低于约5℃的速率加入急冷的重氮盐悬浮液。允许混合物温热至约环境温度。反应完全后,用含水氢氧化钠处理混合物,调节pH到约8至约10。用与水不混溶的有机溶剂萃取所得溶液。除去溶剂后,3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(5b)可在下一步中直接使用,或通过标准技术例如快速柱色谱法或重结晶进一步纯化。
给出以下实施例说明本发明。
实施例
1.制备3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)
在四颈圆底烧瓶(500mL)中装入氯化亚铜(I)(2.51g,25.3mmol)、1H-吡唑-3-胺(15.8g,190mmol)、碳酸钾(35.0g,253mmol)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(100mL)。在氮下搅拌混合物10分钟,加入3-溴吡啶(12.2mL,127mmol)。在110℃加热混合物18小时,此时HPLC分析指示剩余约15.5%3-溴吡啶。允许反应冷却至20℃,浓缩,得到棕色残余物。加入水(200mL),在20℃搅拌所得悬浮液2小时,过滤。将固体用水(2×50mL)漂洗,干燥,得到浅绿色固体。将固体悬浮在水(200mL)中,在90℃加热所得悬浮液2小时,通过垫热过滤。用热水(50mL)漂洗所述垫。允许合并的滤液冷却至20℃,得到黄色悬浮液,在20℃搅拌黄色悬浮液2小时,过滤。将固体用水(2×50mL)漂洗,风干,得到需要的浅黄色结晶固体的产物(11.6g,57%):mp 169-172℃;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.07–8.82(m,1H),8.33(dd,J=4.6,1.5Hz,1H),8.24(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),8.00(ddd,J=8.4,2.7,1.4Hz,1H),7.42(ddd,J=8.5,4.6,0.8Hz,1H),5.80(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),5.21(s,2H);13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ157.67,144.68,138.00,136.22,128.30,123.95,123.17,97.08;ESIMS m/z 161([M+H]+)。
2.制备3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(5b)
向三颈圆底烧瓶(100mL)中装入3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(0.500g,3.12mmol)和盐酸(37wt%,3mL)。将混合物冷却至0℃,在<5℃分批加入亚硝酸钠(0.431g,6.24mmol)在水(3mL)中的溶液。在0℃搅拌所得黄色悬浮液2小时。向单独的三颈圆底烧瓶(100mL)中装入氯化亚铜(I)(0.371g,3.75mmol)和甲苯(3mL)。将其冷却至0℃,在<5℃分批加入黄色悬浮液。允许所得混合物温热至20℃,搅拌18小时。将其用50%氢氧化钠碱化至pH为10,用乙酸乙酯(2×20mL)萃取。将有机层浓缩至干,将残余物通过快速柱色谱法使用0-10%乙酸乙酯/己烷作为洗脱液纯化。将含有需要产物的馏分浓缩,得到白色固体的标题化合物(0.340g,61%):mp 104-106℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.93(d,J=27Hz,1H),8.57(dd,J=4.8,1.4Hz,1H),8.02(ddd,J=8.3,2.7,1.5Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),7.47-7.34(M,1H),6.45(d,J=2.6Hz,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ148.01,142.72,140.12,135.99,128.64,126.41,124.01,108.08;EIMS m/z 179([M]+)。

Claims (4)

1.制备3-(3-氯-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(5b)的方法:
所述方法包括:
a)在约75℃至约155℃的温度在催化量的氯化铜和碱的存在下将3-溴吡啶
用3-氨基吡唑
在水混溶性极性非质子有机溶剂中处理,得到3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a):
b)使3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)在水中重结晶;
c)在约0℃至约25℃的温度将3-(3-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)吡啶(8a)在含水盐酸中用亚硝酸钠处理,得到重氮盐(8b):
d)在约0℃至约25℃的温度将重氮盐(8b)用氯化铜处理。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述水混溶性极性非质子有机溶剂为乙腈、二甲亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或N,N-二甲基乙酰胺。
3.权利要求2的方法,其中所述水混溶性极性非质子有机溶剂为N,N-二甲基乙酰胺。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中在步骤d)中加入与水不混溶的有机溶剂,抑制发泡。
CN201480080501.3A 2014-07-31 2014-10-17 制备3‑(3‑氯‑1h‑吡唑‑1‑基)吡啶的方法 Pending CN106488908A (zh)

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