CN106110298A - 低浓度的营养组合物 - Google Patents
低浓度的营养组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106110298A CN106110298A CN201610605780.1A CN201610605780A CN106110298A CN 106110298 A CN106110298 A CN 106110298A CN 201610605780 A CN201610605780 A CN 201610605780A CN 106110298 A CN106110298 A CN 106110298A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种能够省去在给食之外还要另外给水的经肠营养组合物。所述经肠营养组合物含有蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂质,其中,每1mL组合物的卡路里不足1kcal、且水分含量为30质量%以上。
Description
本申请是分案申请,其母案申请的申请号:200980152898.1,申请日:2009.10.27,发明名称:低浓度的营养组合物。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种低浓度的营养组合物。
背景技术
人类生存所必需的营养素通常是通过从口摄取食物而导入体内的。对于食物吞咽困难的患者、慢性肠疾病患者、高龄者等从口摄取食物困难的患者而言,目前使用各种市售的流食(非专利文献1)。这些流食被制成以浓稠计为1kcal/ml或1kcal/ml以上。因此,只靠摄取流食,无法补给一天所需的水分量,还必须在给食之外另外给水。在给食物之外另外给水对于监护者或看护者而言很费事。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:提供一种能够省去在给食之外另外给水的麻烦的经肠营养组合物。
本发明人等通过降低营养组合物中的营养素的浓度、并且提高水分含量,解决了上述课题。本发明的要旨如下。
(1)一种经肠营养组合物,其含有蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂质,其中,每1mL组合物的卡路里不足1kcal、且水分含量为30质量%以上。
(2)根据(1)所述的组合物,其中,每1mL组合物的卡路里为0.5~o.9kcal。
(3)根据(1)或(2)所述的组合物,其中,水分含量为30~95质量%。
(4)根据(1)~(3)中任一项所述的组合物,其中,还含有食物纤维。
(5)根据(1)~(4)中任一项所述的组合物,其中,还含有维生素类和/或矿物质类。
(6)根据(1)~(5)中任一项所述的组合物,该组合物为流食。
(7)根据(1)~(6)中任一项所述的组合物,该组合物为半固体状或固体状。
(8)根据(1)~(6)中任一项所述的组合物,该组合物为液状。
发明效果
通过利用本发明的营养组合物,可以减少或省去对食物吞咽困难的患者、慢性肠疾病患者、高龄者等从口摄取食物困难的患者在给食之外另外给水的麻烦。
本说明书包含作为本申请的优先权基础的日本国专利申请、特愿2009-9102和特愿2009-14512的说明书和/或附图中所记载的内容。
附图说明
图1表示操作性试验征询意见调查结果。
图2表示给予1200kcal各制品时水分量和补水量的比较(设水分总给予量为1500mL的情形)。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明的实施方式进行更详细的说明。
本发明提供一种经肠营养组合物,其含有蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂质,其中,每1mL组合物的卡路里不足1kcal、且水分含量为30质量%以上。
作为蛋白质成分,可以例示:大豆蛋白、白云石(dolomite)、胶原蛋白分解物、明胶、谷氨酰胺、精氨酸、谷氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸、丙氨酸、赖氨酸、天冬氨酸、脯氨酸、半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、组氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸、天冬酰胺、甘氨酸、丝氨酸等,但并不限于这些。每100kcal组合物的蛋白质含量为1.0~20.0g是适当的,优选1.5~10.0g,更优选2.0~4.0g。每100kcal组合物的蛋白质能量优选4.0~80.0kcal,更优选8.0~16.0kcal。
作为碳水化合物成分,可以例示:糊精、砂糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糊精、还原淀粉分解物、异构化液糖、寡糖、乳糖等,但并不限于这些。每100kcal组合物,碳水化合物的含量为3.0~30.0g是适当的,优选8.0~20.0g,更优选13.0~17.0g。每100kcal组合物的碳水化合物能量为12.0~120.0kcal是适当的,优选32.0~80.0kcal,更优选52.0~68.0kcal。
作为脂质,可以例示:植物油、芥花油、紫苏油、橄榄油、大豆油、菜籽油、鱼油等,但并不限于这些。每100kcal组合物中,脂质含量为0.2~5.0g是适当的,优选1.0~4.0g,更优选1.5~2.5g。每100kcal组合物的脂质能量为1.8~45.0kcal是适当的,优选9.0~36.0kcal,更优选13.5~22.5kcal。
本发明的组合物可以还含有食物纤维。作为食物纤维,可以例示:瓜尔豆胶分解物、难消化性糊精、乳果糖、果胶等,但并不限于这些。每100kcal组合物中,食物纤维含量为0.1~5.0g是适当的,优选0.5~3.5g,更优选0.8~1.5g。
本发明的组合物可以还含有维生素类和/或矿物质类。
作为维生素类,可以例示:维生素A、D、B1、B2、B6、烟酸(Niacin)、泛酸、叶酸、维生素B12、C、K、E、生物素、重酒石酸胆碱等。每100kcal组合物中,维生素类含量为0.5μg~10.0g是适当的,优选10μg~2.0g,更优选100.0μg~1.0g。
作为矿物质类,可以例示:Na、Cl、K、S、Mg、Ca、P、Fe、I、Mn、Cu、Zn、Se、Cr、Mo等。每100kcal组合物中,矿物质类含量为200~5000mg是适当的,优选500~3000mg,更优选800~1500mg。
本发明的组合物,可以还含有胆固醇、乳糖、COQ10、香料、α硫辛酸、EPA、DHA等。
每1mL本发明的组合物中,卡路里不足1kcal。每1mL本发明的组合物的卡路里为0.5~0.9kcal是适当的,优选0.5~0.9kcal,更优选0.6~0.8kcal。
本发明的组合物的水分含量为30质量%以上。本发明的组合物的水分含量为30~95质量%是适当的,优选30~95质量%,更优选40~90质量%。
本发明的组合物可以是液状、凝胶状或糊状的半固体状、固体状中的任一种状态。当为凝胶状时,在25℃下测定组合物的硬度时,硬度为50~10,000N/m2是适当的,优选100~5,000N/m2,更优选500~2,000N/m2。
将组合物制成凝胶状时,可以添加增稠多糖类、琼脂、明胶、糊精等凝胶化剂。凝胶化剂向本发明的组合物中的添加量可以根据所期望的凝胶强度来适当确定。
本发明的组合物可以按照本领域技术人员所周知的方法来制备。例如,可以混合上述各成分,以流食等食品制品的形式制备。制成凝胶状的流食制品时,将凝胶化剂溶解于水中,向其中混合组合物的各成分,之后填充在容器中,冷却即可。为了使凝胶化剂溶解于水中,可以根据需要加热、密封容器、或者将组合物加热灭菌。
本发明的组合物可以用作流食。市售的流食根据所使用的食品而分为以下3类:自然食型(使用普通食品)、半消化型(使用了由食品在某种程度上分解后得到的制品的流食)、消化型(不分解可以直接吸收的状态的流食),而本发明的组合物能够以这3种流食中的任一种类型的流食的形式使用。本发明的组合物特别是作为用于食物吞咽困难的患者、慢性肠疾病患者、高龄者等从口摄取食物困难的患者的流食是有效的,可用于经肠营养法。
本发明的组合物可以经肠给予,其给予量可以和通常的经肠营养组合物的给予量相同,例如,当为制备成每1mL组合物的卡路里为0.5~0.9kcal的组合物时,一天可以给予2400~1400mL左右的量,给予量可以根据被给予的患者的病态、营养状态、年龄、体重等而适当确定。
实施例
以下,通过实施例具体说明本发明。需要说明的是,这些实施例只是用于说明本发明而已,并不限定本发明的范围。
〔实施例1〕
利用下述制备方法,以表1的原材料和混合量制备营养组合物(Calm Solid(力一厶ソリツド)300和400)。
制备方法
按照下述步骤制备营养组合物。
溶解pH调节剂→溶解凝胶化剂→溶解蛋白质→溶解酵母·维生素·矿物质类→油脂乳化→添加香料→均质→填充→灭菌
[表1]
使用本发明的营养组合物时,可以减少或省去对食物吞咽困难的患者、慢性肠疾病患者、高龄者等从口摄取食物困难的患者在给食之外另外给水的麻烦。
在胃管灌食(PEG)的患者中,由于发生胃食道逆流或腹泻,因此水分补给通常也进行胶冻化、或混合勾芡剂(日文卜口ミ剤)以调整粘度。此外,有时还使用水分补给用市售胶冻。从经济上估算两种水分补给时,
〔使用胶冻化剂、勾芡剂的情形〕
·1g勾芡剂约5元,1天平均使用15g时,经济负担为75元。
·此外,考虑到混合、使用勾芡剂时的人工费、混合时的卫生管理等,成本更高。
〔使用市售的水分补给胶冻进行500mL的水分补给〕
·100mL等渗胶冻(尼特利公司(二ユ一卜リ一社))×5支(1支约110元)=约550元的经济负担。
而使用本发明的营养组合物时,可以削减这些水分补给所花费的费用。
胃管灌食(PEG)时的水分补给方法,大致可分为以下4种方法:1.使用注射器注入自来水,直接进行水分补给;2.向自来水中加入质感改良剂等以提高粘度,再使用注射器进行水分补给;3.利用市售的水分补给胶冻(等渗胶冻等)进行补给;4.使用输液进行补给。比较这4种方法和使用本发明的营养组合物(Calm Solid)的方法,结果汇总在表2中。
[表2]
◎:非常适用
○:适用
△:均不可能
×:不适用
〔试验例1〕
1.试验目的
使用简易PEG装置,对护士注入半固体流动“Calm Solid”,目的在于评价其操作性。
2.试验方法
以获得同意的护士(在兵库县内的医院(医院1)工作的护士34人、在奈良县内的医院(医院2)工作的护士20人,总计54人,工龄见表3)为对象,制作简易PEG装置,注入半固体流动“Calm Solid 300kcal”(实施例1中制备),进行操作直至冲洗,之后就表4所示的项目进行意见征询。
操作中使用的简易PEG装置,是指在聚容器(ポリ容器)上开孔并插入有气囊型胃导管的装置。
此时,测定操作所需的时间、给予前后的Calm Solid的重量。
[表3]
工龄 | 医院1 | 医院2 | 总计 |
不满1年 | 8人 | 3人 | 11人 |
1年以上~不满5年 | 16人 | 3人 | 19人 |
5年以上~不满10年 | 3人 | 7人 | 10人 |
10年以上 | 7人 | 7人 | 14人 |
[表4]
评价(分数:5个等级评价) | |
5分 | Calm Solid非常优异 |
4分 | Calm Solid优异 |
3分 | 没有变化 |
2分 | Calm Solid不易使用 |
1分 | Calm Solid非常不易使用 |
3.操作性试验征询意见调查结果
征询意见结果见图1。
调查的结果,在1~7的任一个项目中,Calm Solid均得到了高度评价。
操作所需的时间见表5。
[表5]
操作所需的时间 | |
医院1 | 4分45秒 |
医院2 | 3分56秒 |
总计 | 4分21秒 |
通过给予1支Calm Solid,在3~5分钟左右的短时间内可以补给一天所需的水分和营养分的约1/3量。
另外,给予1,200kcal其他公司的制品时,水分量和补水量的比较(水分总给予量为1,500mL的情形)见图2。
与其他公司的制品相比,Calm Solid制品中所含的水分量多,补水的水分量少。其结果,如征询意见结果所示,操作上不费事。
本说明书中引用的所有出版物、专利和专利申请直接作为参考而纳入本说明书中。
产业实用性
本发明的组合物可以用作食物吞咽困难的患者、慢性肠疾病患者、高龄者等从口摄取食物困难的患者的流食。
现有技术文献
非专利文献1:静胍经肠营养年鉴2006制剂·器具一览 第5卷 第37页~第68页株式会社ジェフコ一ポレ一ション发行。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于补给水分和营养素的经肠营养组合物,其含有蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂质,其中,每1mL组合物的卡路里不足1kcal、且水分含量为30质量%以上,
所述组合物为半固体状或固体状。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中,每1mL组合物的卡路里为0.5~0.9kcal。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物,其中,在25℃下测定所述组合物的硬度时,硬度为50~10,000N/m2。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物,其中,水分含量为30~95质量%。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物,其中,还含有食物纤维。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物,其中,还含有维生素类和/或矿物质类。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合物,所述组合物为流食。
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