CN105861134A - 水溶性金属加工油剂的使用方法 - Google Patents
水溶性金属加工油剂的使用方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105861134A CN105861134A CN201610224070.4A CN201610224070A CN105861134A CN 105861134 A CN105861134 A CN 105861134A CN 201610224070 A CN201610224070 A CN 201610224070A CN 105861134 A CN105861134 A CN 105861134A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- water
- processing oil
- soluble metal
- water soluble
- Prior art date
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- Pending
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Classifications
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
- C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/288—Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/102—Polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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Abstract
一种水溶性金属加工油剂,其特征在于,是混合下述A成分、B成分、C成分以及D成分而成的水溶性金属加工油剂,以油剂总量为基准,所述A成分的混合量在10质量%以上,以油剂总量为基准,所述B成分的混合量在5质量%以上,(A)通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩合而得到的缩合脂肪酸、以及通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩合而得到的缩合脂肪酸的醇式羟基和1元羧酸脱水缩合得到的缩合脂肪酸中的至少任意1种;(B)1元醇或多元醇与1元羧酸的脱水缩合物的酯化合物;(C)胺化合物;(D)水。
Description
本申请为下述申请的分案申请。
发明名称:水溶性金属加工油剂以及其使用方法
申请日:2010年11月24日
申请号:201080054793.5(PCT/JP2010/070875)
技术领域
本发明涉及进行切削或研磨等的金属加工时使用的水溶性金属加工油剂以及其使用方法。
背景技术
切削加工或研磨加工中,多将具有表面活性的化合物混合于矿物油、动植物油或合成油中作为水溶性油剂,通过用水稀释该油剂,用作所谓的O/W型乳浊液等。
另一方面,作为具有表面活性的化合物的代表性物质,举例有脂肪酸胺盐或聚氧亚烷基二醇或其单、二醚化合物等。例如,提出有出于满足水溶性油剂所要求的消泡性或耐腐败性能的目的,混合蓖麻醇酸聚合物的胺盐等(参照专利文献1)。又,出于提高切削加工或研磨加工的效率的目的,以前一直在混合氯化石腊,但被指出可能会产生对人体有害的二噁英,作为代替物提出混合硫或磷等的化合物(参照专利文献2)。
现有技术
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利特公平2-5799公报
专利文献2:日本专利特开昭60-141795号公报
发明内容
然而,如专利文献1,用混合蓖麻醇酸聚合物的胺盐和矿物油而得到的油剂加工钛合金等的难削材料时,由于润滑性的不足等而存在导致具有对加工工具的负荷增大、工具寿命缩短等问题。又,如专利文献2,若混合硫或磷等,则对环境或人体的影响令人担心。
因此,本发明的目的在于,提供即便未混合含有氯、硫或磷的化合物,也能发挥对难加工材料的优异加工性、能够延长工具寿命的水溶性金属加工油剂。
为了解决上述课题,本发明提供以下的水溶性金属加工油剂以及其使用方法。
(1)一种水溶性金属加工油剂,其特征在于,是混合下述A成分、B成分、C成分以及D成分而成的水溶性金属加工油剂,以油剂总量为基准,所述A成分的混合量在10质量%以上,以油剂总量为基准,所述B成分的混合量在5质量%以上,
(A)通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩合而得到的缩合脂肪酸、以及通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩合而得到的缩合脂肪酸的醇式羟基和1元羧酸脱水缩合得到的缩合脂肪酸中的至少任意1种;
(B)酯化合物,是1元醇或多元醇与1元羧酸的脱水缩合物;
(C)胺化合物;
(D)水。
(2)在上述本发明的水溶性金属加工油剂中,其特征在于,该加工油剂是切削加工用或研磨加工用的水溶性金属加工油剂。
(2)在上述本发明的水溶性金属加工油剂中,其特征在于,该加工油剂是立铣刀加工用的水溶性金属加工油剂。
(4)在上述本发明的水溶性金属加工油剂中,其特征在于,该加工油剂是难加工材料的加工用的水溶性金属加工油剂。
(5)一种水溶性金属加工油剂,其特征在于,上述本发明的难加工材料是钛、钛合金、镍合金、镁合金、铌合金、钽合金、钼合金、钨合金、不锈钢以及高锰钢中的任意一个。
(6)水溶性金属加工油剂的使用方法,其特征在于,用水稀释上述本发明的水溶性金属加工油剂至使用时的浓度达到3体积%以上后使用。
根据本发明的水溶性金属加工油剂,加工工具和加工材料之间的摩擦减少效果显著,即便适用于如钛或钛合金这样的所谓难加工材料时,也能够大幅度地延长工具寿命。
具体实施方式
本发明的水溶性金属加工油剂(以下也称“本油剂”)的特征在于,将下述A成分、B成分C成分以及D成分混合而成。即,本油剂是使用时以用水稀释为前提的原液。
(A)通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩合得到的缩合脂肪酸、以及通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩合得到的缩合脂肪酸的醇式羟基和1元羧酸脱水缩合得到的缩合脂肪酸中至少任意1种;
(B)酯化合物,是1元醇或多元醇与1元羧酸的脱水缩合物;
(C)胺化合物;
(D)水。
首先对A成分进行说明。A成分通过使蓖麻醇酸(12-羟基十八碳烯-9-酸)脱水缩聚而得。将蓖麻醇酸在、例如惰性气氛下加热至200℃左右时,即开始脱水缩聚,从而得到缩聚脂肪酸。可以将这样的缩聚脂肪酸作为本发明的A成分使用。
又,A成分可以是通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩聚得到的缩聚脂肪酸的醇式羟基与1元羧酸脱水缩合得到的缩聚脂肪酸。这样的缩聚脂肪酸通过在上述蓖麻醇酸的脱水缩聚物中进一步添加1元羧酸进行脱水缩聚而得到。
作为用于该反应的1元羧酸,可以是饱和羧酸,也可以是不饱和羧酸,但作为未反应物残留有碳原子数小的羧酸时,有可能成为令人不快的味道或金属腐蚀的原因,因此优选碳原子数4以上的羧酸。作为饱和羧酸,举例有已酸、庚酸、辛酸、2-乙基己酸、壬酸、异壬酸、癸酸、新癸酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、二十烷酸、山萮酸以及木焦油酸等。作为不饱和羧酸,举例有十一碳烯酸、油酸、反油酸、芥子酸、神经酸、亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸、二十碳四烯酸、α-亚麻酸、十八碳四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸以及二十二碳六烯酸等。
接着,对B成分进行说明。B成分是1元醇或多元醇与1元羧酸的脱水缩合物。即,B成分是酯化合物。作为1元或多元醇无特别限制,可以应用各种醇。作为1元醇,举例有例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇或异丙醇、各种丁醇、各种戊醇、各种己醇、各种辛醇、各种癸醇、各种十二烷醇等的脂肪族1元醇、环戊醇、环己醇等脂环式1元醇、苯甲醇、苯乙醇等的芳香脂肪族醇等。
作为2元醇,例如举例有乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、新戊二醇、1,4-丁二醇等的脂肪族醇、环己二醇、环己二甲醇等的脂环式醇。作为3元醇,例如举例有甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丁烷、1,3,5-戊三醇等的脂肪族醇、环己三醇、环己烷三甲醇等的脂环式醇等。作为4元以上的醇,可以举例有例如季戊四醇、双甘油、三甘油、山梨糖醇、二季戊四醇等脂肪族醇等。
作为1元羧酸,可以适用制造A成分时使用的1元羧酸。
接着,对C成分进行说明。C成分是胺化合物。作为这样的胺化合物,可以是伯、仲、叔胺的任一个,进一步可以是醇胺。
作为伯胺的例子,可以列举单乙醇胺、单丙醇胺、单异丙醇胺、2-氨基-1-丁醇、2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇、丁胺、戊胺、己胺、环己胺、辛胺、月桂胺、硬脂胺、油胺、苄胺等。
作为仲胺的例子,可以列举二乙胺、二异丙胺、二丁胺、二戊胺、二己胺、二环己胺、二辛胺、二月桂胺、双十八烷基胺、二油胺、二苄胺、二乙醇胺、哌嗪、二异丙醇胺、十八烷酰基乙醇胺、癸基乙醇胺、己基丙醇胺、苄基乙醇胺、苯基乙醇胺以及甲苯基丙醇胺等。
作为叔胺的例子,可以列举三丁胺、三戊胺、三己胺、三环己胺、三辛胺、三月桂胺、三(十八烷基)胺、三油胺、三苄胺、甲基二环己基胺、二油烯基乙醇胺、二月桂基丙醇胺、二辛酯乙醇胺、二丁基乙醇胺、二乙基乙醇胺、二甲基乙醇胺、二己基丙醇胺、二丁基丙醇胺、油烯基二乙醇胺、十八烷酰二丙醇胺、月桂基二乙醇胺、辛基二丙醇胺、丁基二乙醇胺、甲基二乙醇胺、环己基二乙醇胺、苄基二乙醇胺、苯基二乙醇胺、甲苯基二丙醇胺、二甲苯基二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、三丙醇胺、三异丙醇胺等。
这些胺化合物构成A成分(羧酸)和胺盐,提高水溶性的同时有助于润滑性。
构成本油剂的D成分是水。尤其,不需要是如蒸馏水这样的高纯度的水,可以是自来水。
本油剂的特征在于,混合上述A成分至D成分的4种成分而成。但是,A成分的混合量,以油剂总量为基准,在10质量%以上,优选在20质量%以上,更优选在30质量%以上。A成分的混合量不足10质量%时,虽然与后述的稀释率也有关系,但可能不能得到充分的摩擦减少效果或工具寿命延长效果。
又,B成分的混合量,以油剂总量为基准,在5质量%以上,优选在10质量%以上,更优选在15质量%以上。B成分的混合量不足5质量%时,虽然与后述的稀释率也有关系,但可能不能得到充分的摩擦减少效果或工具寿命延长效果。
制造本油剂(原液)时,在上述A成分、B成分以及C成分中,作为D成分加入水来配制。配制原液用的水的比例优选在5质量%以上、75质量%以下左右。水的比例不足5质量%时,从A成分至C成分不易溶解,原液的调制变得烦杂。此外,当原液调制时水的比例超过75质量%时,原液的保管量或输送量过大,操作性会下降。
上述原液使用时进一步用水稀释,优选稀释至本油剂的浓度达到3体积%以上,稀释时更优选的浓度在5体积以上,进一步优选的总浓度在10体积%。用水进行稀释时的浓度不足3体积%时,可能不能得到充分的摩擦减少效果或工具寿命延长效果。
但是,本发明中,无论是原液还是稀释液,所有的混合成分都无需均一地溶解。因此,也可以是乳浊液这样的分散形态。
再者,本油剂中,可以在不妨碍本发明的目的的范围内进一步混合其他成分。例如,可以混合润滑性提高剂、金属减活剂、消泡剂、杀菌剂以及抗氧化剂等。
作为润滑体性提高剂,举例有矿物油、合成油、植物油、有机酸以及表面活性剂。
矿物油可以列举,例如,链烷烃系原油、中间基系原油或者将环烷烃系原油进行常压蒸馏,或者将常压蒸馏残渣油进行减压蒸馏后获得的馏出液,或者依据常法将这些馏出液提纯而得到的提纯油,具体地有溶剂提纯油、氢化提纯油、脱蜡处理油、白土处理油等。
作为合成油,例如举例有低分子量聚丁烯、低分子量聚丙烯、烷基苯、烷基萘等的烷基芳香系化合物、硅油、氟系油(例如氟碳、全氟聚醚等)等。
作为植物油,例如举例有棉籽油、橄榄油、菜籽油、胡麻油、葵花油、椰子油、棕榈油、妥尔油、豆油、蓖麻油、亚麻仁油等。
作为有机酸,例如举例有辛酸、壬酸、异壬酸、癸酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸、油酸、安息香酸、对叔丁基安息香酸、己二酸、辛二酸、癸二酸、壬二酸、十二烷二酸等。
表面活性剂举例有阴离子性表面活性剂、阳离子性表面活性剂、非离子性表面活性剂以及两性表面活性剂等。作为阴离子性表面活性剂,有烷基苯磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐等。作为阳离子性表面活性剂,有烷基三甲基铵盐、二烷基二甲基铵盐、烷基二甲基苯甲基铵盐等季铵盐等。作为非离子性表面活性剂,举例有聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚等的醚或、脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯等的酯、脂肪酸烷醇酰胺这样的酰胺。两性表面活性剂,作为甜菜碱系举例有烷基甜菜碱等。
金属减活剂,例如举例有苯并三唑、咪唑啉、嘧啶衍生物以及噻二唑等。
作为抗氧化剂,举例有烷基化二苯胺、苯基-α-萘胺、烷基取代苯基-α-萘胺等的胺系抗氧化剂、2,6-二-叔丁基苯酚、4,4’-亚甲基双(2,6-二-叔丁基苯酚)、异辛基-3-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸酯(或盐)、正十八烷基-3-(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸酯等的苯酚系抗氧化剂、二月桂基-3,3’-硫代二丙酸酯等的硫系抗氧化剂、磷酸酯等的磷系抗氧化剂,此外还有钼系抗氧化剂。
上述杀菌剂,例如举例有三嗪系防腐剂、烷基苯并咪唑系防腐剂等。
消泡剂可以举例甲基硅油、氟硅油、聚丙烯酸酯等。
本发明的水溶性金属加工油剂如上所述,可以根据其使用目的通过适当的水稀释成适当的浓度,适用于以切削加工或磨削加工为首的冲裁加工、研磨、拉拔、拉伸、压延等各种金属加工领域中。而且,本发明的水溶性金属加工油剂润滑性非常优异,因此适于所谓的难加工材料的加工。具体地,适于钛、钛合金、镍合金、镁合金、铌合金、钽合金、钼合金、钨合金、不锈钢以及高锰钢等的難加工材料的加工。尤其可以理想地用作为这样的难加工材料的立铣刀加工用使用。
在本发明中,未必不能混合含有氯、硫或磷的化合物,但若考虑到对环境负荷或人体的坏影响,基本上应当控制混合含有这些元素的化合物。本发明具有即使不混合含有氯、硫或磷的化合物,也能发挥对难加工材料的优异的加工性的特征。
实施例
接着,通过实施例更详细说明本发明,但本发明并不被这些例子做任何的限定。
〔实施例1至7、比较例1至8〕
按照表1、2所示的混合配方,配制水溶性金属加工油剂(原液)。各成分的详细情况如下。
[表1]
[表2]
1)将蓖麻醇酸于氮气流下、200℃中加热脱水缩合,进一步加入月桂酸,通过加热脱水缩合,从而得到酸值:85mgKOH/g、羟值:9mgKOH/g、皂化值:200mgKOH/g的脱水缩聚脂肪酸1。
2)通过将蓖麻醇酸于氮气流下、200℃中加热脱水缩合,得到酸值:52mgKOH/g、羟值:20mgKOH/g、皂化值:196mgKOH/g的脱水缩聚脂肪酸2。
3)环烷烃系矿物油、40℃运动粘度:26mm2/s
用水稀释上述混合配方的原液之后,进行以下各个特性的评价。评价结果如表1、2所示。
<摩擦减少效果>
使用往复动摩擦试验机,在下述条件下使摩擦部分滑动来进行摩擦实验,测定最终滑动时的摩擦系数。
试验球:直径3/16英寸、材质超硬
试验板:材质钛合金(Ti-6Al-4V)
负荷:1.96N(200gf)
滑动速度:20mm/s
滑动距离:40mm
滑动次数:10次
实验温度:25℃
稀释浓度:10体积%(用水稀释)
(关于实施例1的原液,在稀释浓度5体积%以及2.5体积%下也进行测定。)
涂敷液量:0.05ml
<切削性(立铣刀加工)>
使用立式加工中心(Machining Center)在下述条件下进行立铣刀加工,将工具的主后刀面磨耗超过0.2mm或者产生工具缺损时作为工具寿命,比较了至工具寿命为止时的加工时间。
使用设备:立式加工中心-NV5000α1/A40森精机制作所制
被削材料:Ti-6Al-4V、φ150×30mm、形状·圆形板
插入:XOMX090308TR-ME06、F40M(S30种)SECO TOOLS制
切削工具:Helical Micro Turbo
R217.69-2020.3-016-09.2SECO TOOLS制
固定座(holder):HSK63AミーリングチャックCT20A NTツール制
切削速度:55m/min
切深量:ap(工具轴方向)=2mm、ae(工具径方向)=16mm
送行:0.1mm/tooth
加油方法:外部加油、3.7L/min
稀释浓度:10体积%(用水稀释)
〔评价结果〕
如表1所示,可以理解本发明的水溶性金属加工油剂由于只以规定量混合了规定的3种成分,因此摩擦系数小,加工难加工材料时工具寿命也长。再者,关于实施例1原液,稀释浓度5体积%时的摩擦系数为0.23,稀释浓度2.5体积%时的摩擦系数为0.29。
另一方面,如表2所示,没有混合规定的3种成分或即便混合有3种成分,其混合量不在规定的范围的油剂中,摩擦系数高,工具寿命也短。
Claims (5)
1.水溶性金属加工油剂在难加工材料的加工中的使用方法,其特征在于,用水稀释水溶性金属加工油剂至使用时的浓度达到3体积%以上后使用,
难加工材料是钛、钛合金、镍合金、不锈钢中的任意一个,
所述水溶性金属加工油剂是混合下述A成分、B成分、C成分以及D成分而成的水溶性金属加工油剂,
(A)通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩合而得到的缩合脂肪酸、以及通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩合而得到的缩合脂肪酸的醇式羟基与1元羧酸脱水缩合得到的缩合脂肪酸中的至少任意1种;
(B)酯化合物,是1元醇或多元醇与1元羧酸的脱水缩合物;
(C)胺化合物;
(D)水;
以油剂总量为基准,所述A成分的混合量在10质量%以上,
以油剂总量为基准,所述B成分的混合量在5质量%以上。
2.水溶性金属加工油剂在难加工材料的加工中的使用方法,其特征在于,用水稀释水溶性金属加工油剂至使用时的浓度达到3体积%以上后使用,
难加工材料是钛、钛合金、镍合金、不锈钢中的任意一个,
所述水溶性金属加工油剂是混合下述A成分、B成分、C成分以及D成分而成的水溶性金属加工油剂,
(A)通过使蓖麻醇酸脱水缩合而得到的缩合脂肪酸的醇式羟基与选自己酸、庚酸、辛酸、2-乙基己酸、壬酸或异壬酸的一元羧酸脱水缩合得到的缩合脂肪酸;
(B)酯化合物,是1元醇与2-乙基己酸的脱水缩合物;
(C)选自二乙胺、二异丙胺、二丁胺、二戊胺、二己胺、二环己胺、二辛胺、哌嗪的胺化合物;
(D)水;
以油剂总量为基准,所述A成分的混合量在15~20质量%,
以油剂总量为基准,所述B成分的混合量在15~20质量%,
所述水溶性金属加工油剂在用水稀释为浓度10体积%时,使用往复动摩擦试验机所测定的滑动第10次的摩擦系数为0.20~0.23。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的水溶性金属加工油剂在难加工材料的加工中的使用方法,其特征在于,该加工油剂是切削加工用或研磨加工用的水溶性金属加工油剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的水溶性金属加工油剂在难加工材料的加工中的使用方法,其特征在于,该加工油剂是立铣刀加工用的水溶性金属加工油剂。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的水溶性金属加工油剂在难加工材料的加工中的使用方法,其特征在于,所述水溶性金属加工油剂在用水稀释为浓度5体积%时,使用往复动摩擦试验机所测定的滑动第10次的摩擦系数为0.23。
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