CN105830848A - Method for building panicum virgatum into vegetation in severe saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for building panicum virgatum into vegetation in severe saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105830848A CN105830848A CN201610229431.4A CN201610229431A CN105830848A CN 105830848 A CN105830848 A CN 105830848A CN 201610229431 A CN201610229431 A CN 201610229431A CN 105830848 A CN105830848 A CN 105830848A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for building panicum virgatum into vegetation in severe saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the steps as follows: soil preparation, transplanting hole digging, base fertilizer application, treating agent spraying, seedling selection and preparation, digging, transplanting and plant division, field transplanting, field management and the like. According to the method, a field planting experiment is performed in the severe saline-alkali soil in the yellow river delta region, the survival rate is high, the vegetation building speed is high, the vegetation can be built in the same year, and a considerable number of grasses and seeds are harvested; the energy grass, namely, panicum virgatum is successfully planted in the severe saline-alkali soil, the method can play an active role in promoting development and utilization of the severe saline-alkali soil and popularization of biomass energy, thereby having a broad application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of ecological agriculture, be specifically related to the method that a kind of heavy salinized ground switchgrass builds up vegetation.
Background technology
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is initiated by a kind of savanna height Radix Glycyrrhizae of North America, belongs to grass family Panicum, high stalk perennial herb C4 plant, is originally intended to water and soil conservation, or as good forage or ornamental plant.In recent years; conduct in-depth research as a kind of novel energy mode crop; research is found to utilize Production of Alcohol from Lignocellulose, can also be used for thermal power generation etc.; become a kind of important plant energy; plantation energy crop had both been to increase energy supply, protection environment, was again the Important Action realizing sustainable development.
China is salt-soda soil big country, is distributed in northwest, northeast, North China and coastal region in 17 interior provinces and regions, and the salt-soda soil gross area that saline-alkali wasteland and impact are ploughed is more than 500,000,000 mu.Existing vegetation establishment technology, mainly has following three kinds of methods: 1. chemical method, improves soil physico-chemical property by chemical improvement agents such as the calcareous material such as gypsuming and ardealite, acidic materials and water-retaining agent, then carries out vegetation establishment；2. physical method, reduces the salinity of soil, or improves soil physico-chemical property by visitor's sand, soil moved in improve the original, then carry out vegetation establishment by irrigating pouring salt, irrigation canals and ditches draining or the measure salt discharge such as transverse tube, drainage by shaft wells.Although both approaches has significant effect to improvement saline-alkali bare land, but improves high cost, existing economic condition can not meet, and causes modification method can not obtain large-area popularization；3. biological pathway, by plantation Salt And Alkali Tolerance annual plant, manually set up litter layer, increase the coverage of soil, reduce soil evaporation, strengthen soil and drench salt, reduce the salt content of topsoil, thus improve soil physical chemistry condition, then plantation trial of Eleven Herbage Plants in Henan plant, utilize succession of plant principle, progressively revert to available meadow.Existing vegetation method for building up vegetation survival rate is low, and efficiency is promoted by low being difficult to.Chinese patent application CN2012103133171 discloses the implantation methods of a kind of salt-soda soil switchgrass, and the method substantially increases young plant survival rate, but, the method is only adapted to moderate saline-alkali soil.Therefore, study a kind of method heavy salinized ground planting switchgrass, for fully develop heavy salinized, improve the ecological environment, improve bioenergy, thus realize sustainable development, have very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for prior art, the invention provides the method that a kind of heavy salinized ground switchgrass builds up vegetation, and the method is simple, switchgrass survival rate high, it is fast to build up vegetation speed.
The technical scheme that the present invention is used to achieve these goals is:
The invention provides the method that a kind of heavy salinized ground switchgrass builds up vegetation, comprise the steps:
A, consolidation: select the total soil phosphorus heavy salinized plot more than 0.5wt%, through rotary tillage soil-working, make land smoothing, soil particle particle diameter is not more than 5mm, transplanting cave, cave deep 40～50cm, back cut diameter 30～40cm is dug by line-spacing (80～100cm) × (80～100cm)；Cave bottom application enters 500g base manure and makees base fertilizer, transplants cave surrounding and sprays inorganic agent；
B, switchgrass seedling select and prepare
Select the plantation switchgrass strain clump of more than 2 years, cradle, height for the stubble left 15cm, as the plant to be planted on heavy salinized ground；
C, dig shifting plant division
Select, by the end of July to during early August, to be dug out by the switchgrass strain clump cradled, dig deep not less than 40cm, be cut into 2～3 pieces little strain clumps according to strain clump size by dig out strain clump；
Every piece little strain clump has the branch of about 30-70 switchgrass.
D, field-transplanting
The little strain clump segmented is moved into cave to be transplanted described in this step a, compacting of watering of banketing；Transplanting in the later moon, water 1-2 time, water and preferably carry out sooner or later, other carry out normal field management.
Further, in step a, described base manure includes cattle manure 40-50 part, Folium Mori 10-12 part, green tea powder 1-2 part, corn straw 20-30 part, polyvinyl alcohol 0.2-0.3 part, KORANTIN SH 0.08 part.
Base manure used in the present invention is to be prepared by the following method to form:
(1) by cattle manure with Folium Mori mix homogeneously after, add water be 50% to water content, obtain mixed resin；
(2) corn straw being lighted burning, after burning 70%, be covered in uniformly by mixed resin on the corn straw treating after-flame, seal 15d, turning is once；Continue to seal and preserve 10d, spray acetic acid, obtain fermentation base material；
(3) fermentation base material will add polyvinyl alcohol, KORANTIN SH, stir.
The fountain height of above-mentioned acetic acid accounts for the 40% of corn straw weight.
The present invention sprays 120-150g in transplanting inorganic agent each transplanting cave that cave inside circumference sprays.
Above-mentioned every 100g inorganic agent is to be made up of chitin 8g, corn starch 15g, alkyl polyglucoside 2 parts and excess water.
Switchgrass kind used in the present invention is switchgrass new lines GL07(Shandong Agricultural Sustainable Development Institute) or Alamo(U.S. introduced variety).
The present invention is during building up vegetation, and every mu needs 600-700 strain switchgrass；Folium Mori used in the present invention are in terms of weight in wet base.The transplanting cave base diameter that the present invention is dug is with back cut diameter quite.
The present invention selects transplanting time by the end of July to during early August, because rainy season at a time when this, soil moisture content is good, contributes to transplanting plant and survives.Meanwhile, this phase to the Frost's Descent also has the time of about 3 months, and transplanting plant can have the time growth of abundance and build up vegetation then, forms yield, thus increases the benefit.
In base manure provided by the present invention, water retention property is good, mixes green tea powder on a small quantity, and green tea powder separates out trace element in late stage, it is possible to promotes the growth of root system of plant, and can play the effect that the soil is porous, accelerates vegetation and builds up speed.KORANTIN SH can chelate the metal ion etc. separated out in heavy salinized ground, reduces heavy metal ion enrichment in soil, improves crop quality and soil physical factors.
The preparation method of inorganic agent used in the present invention is: first water is heated to 70-80 DEG C, is subsequently adding corn starch and stirs to transparence, is subsequently adding chitin, alkyl polyglucoside is cooled to room temperature after stirring.
The invention have the benefit that the technology provided according to the present invention, it is achieved that in heavy salinized ground, Huanghe delta switchgrass planting technology, the most just can build up vegetation, and gather in the crops grass and seed.Traditional seedling transplanting technique cannot can only utilize on heavy salinized ground, it is impossible to reach to produce purpose in light moderate saline-alkali soil planting.Energy grass switchgrass is planted successfully heavy salinized by the present invention, will develop salt-soda soil and positive impetus is played in the popularization of biomass energy.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention herbage experiment and demonstration base, township that benefits the nation in academy of agricultural sciences of Shandong Province of Dongying City Nong Gao district herbage science and technology Demonstration Base, Zhanhua district, Binzhou respectively has carried out test and has implemented, and below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
The salt-soda soil being higher than 0.5wt% for total salt content of the present invention heavy salinizedly.
Rotary tillage: be to use rotary tillage machine to ravel the methods of cultivation of topsoil soils.By the high speed rotating of Rotary Tiller Blade, reaching to cut soil, the purpose of ground grading, the rotary tillage degree of depth is usually no more than 15cm.
Base manure: be also base fertilizer, is usually the fertilizer used for the first time before sowing or transplanting.
The raw material not illustrated in embodiment is conventional commercial；Corn straw used in the present invention is Dry corn stalk stalk；The acetic acid content of acetic acid used in the present invention is 38%.
Embodiment
1
:
Academy of agricultural sciences of Shandong Province of Dongying City Nong Gao district herbage science and technology Demonstration Base, testing ground area 2.5 mu, experimental field total soil phosphorus 0.57wt%～1.1wt%, in July 27 in 2014.
Specifically comprise the following steps that
A, consolidation
By plot weeding, rotary tillage, make land smoothing, soil particle particle diameter be not more than 5mm, dig transplanting cave, cave deep 40～50cm, back cut diameter 30～40cm by seeding row spacing (80～100cm) × (80～100cm)；Every cave, cave bottom application 500g base manure, each transplanting cave inside circumference sprays 120g inorganic agent (every 100g inorganic agent is to be made up of) chitin 8g, corn starch 15g, alkyl polyglucoside 2 parts and excess water；
Described base manure includes cattle manure 50 parts, 12 parts of Folium Mori, green tea powder 1 part, corn straw 30 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 0.3 part, KORANTIN SH 0.08 part；
Base manure preparation method is as follows:
(1) by cattle manure with Folium Mori mix homogeneously after, add water be 50% to water content, obtain mixed resin；
(2) corn straw being lighted burning, after burning 70%, be covered in uniformly by mixed resin on the corn straw treating after-flame, seal 15d, turning is once；Continue to seal and preserve 10d, spray the acetic acid accounting for corn straw weight 40%, obtain fermentation base material；
(3) fermentation base material will add polyvinyl alcohol, KORANTIN SH, stir.
B, switchgrass seedling select and prepare
Select the plantation new lines GL07 switchgrass strain clump of more than 2 years, cradle, height for the stubble left 15cm, as the plant to be planted on heavy salinized ground；
C, dig shifting plant division
In afternoon July 27, the switchgrass strain clump excavator band root band soil cradled is dug out, digs deep more than 40cm.According to the strain clump root block size dug out, every piece is cut into 2～3 pieces little strain clumps.
D, field-transplanting
The little strain clump segmented is moved into cave to be transplanted described in this step a, compacting of watering of banketing.
E, field management
According to weather condition, filling mode with foggara, water 1 time respectively at morning July 28, hole pressing in morning on August 11, other carry out normal field management.
Embodiment
2
:
Zhanhua district, Binzhou benefits the nation herbage experiment and demonstration base, township, testing ground area 5 mu, experimental field total soil phosphorus 0.61wt%～0.94wt%, transplants in starting at the beginning of 2015 8 months.
Specifically comprise the following steps that
A, consolidation
By plot weeding, rotary tillage, make land smoothing, soil particle particle diameter be not more than 5mm, dig transplanting cave, cave deep 40～50cm, back cut diameter 30～40cm by seeding row spacing (80～100cm) × (80～100cm)；Every cave, cave bottom application 500g base manure, each transplanting cave inside circumference sprays 150g inorganic agent (composition is with embodiment 1)；
Described base manure includes cattle manure 40 parts, 10 parts of Folium Mori, green tea powder 2 parts, corn straw 20 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 0.2 part, KORANTIN SH 0.08 part (preparation method is with embodiment 1)；
Described every 100g inorganic agent is to be made up of chitin 8g, corn starch 15g, alkyl polyglucoside 2 parts and excess water；
B, switchgrass seedling select and prepare
Select the plantation switchgrass strain clump of more than 2 years, cradle, height for the stubble left 15cm, as the plant to be planted on heavy salinized ground；
C, dig shifting plant division
In afternoon July 27, being dug out by the switchgrass strain clump excavator band root band soil cradled, dig deep more than 40cm, according to the strain clump root block size dug out, every piece is cut into 2～3 pieces little strain clumps.
D, field-transplanting
The little strain clump segmented is moved into cave to be transplanted described in this step a, compacting of watering of banketing.
E, field management
According to weather condition, filling mode with foggara, water 1 time respectively at morning August 28, JIUYUE hole pressing in morning on the 11st, other carry out normal field management.
This area adds up survival rate after 2 months, find that survival rate is 100%.
Comparative example 1
Academy of agricultural sciences of Shandong Province of Dongying City Nong Gao district herbage science and technology Demonstration Base, testing ground area 2.5 mu, experimental field total soil phosphorus 0.57wt%～1.1wt%, in July 27 in 2014.
Specifically comprise the following steps that
A, consolidation
By plot weeding, rotary tillage, make land smoothing, soil particle particle diameter be not more than 5mm, dig transplanting cave, cave deep 40～50cm, back cut diameter 30～40cm by seeding row spacing (80～100cm) × (80～100cm)；Every cave, cave bottom application cattle manure 500g is as base manure；
Other steps are with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Within 2014, carry out salt-soda soil culturing and transplanting seedlings in the same plot of herbage science and technology Demonstration Base, academy of agricultural sciences of Shandong Province of Dongying City Nong Gao district (plot of embodiment 1) to test.Testing ground area 660m2, carry out rotary tillage before transplanting, level land, soil particle particle diameter < 5mm.Start with seedlings nursing plate nursery by the end of June, when Seedling length to 6-7 leaf, prepare to transplant.The cave of deep 5～10cm, pocket diameter 5～10cm is opened with plough.Seedling band soil is dug out, move into cave hole, only use cattle manure as base fertilizer, compacting of watering of banketing.Pipe is utilized to pour water 2 times after transplanting.Transplanting 2 months " Invest, Then Investigate " survival rates, plant result of the test then, a kind of result of the test planted then of comparative example with embodiment a kind, concrete outcome is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
It can be seen from the results that comparative example 2 survival rate is the lowest, it is formed without economic flow rate.And embodiment 1 survival rate is to 100%, and the most i.e. gather in the crops considerable fresh grass and seed plant, achieve economic benefit, and for the method relatively comparative example 1,2 of embodiment 1 employing, heavy metal in soil ion concentration relatively reference examples reduces more than 80%, and the soil weight is little, and voids content becomes big.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not limited to the present invention, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the method that a heavy salinized ground switchgrass builds up vegetation, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
A, consolidation: select the total soil phosphorus heavy salinized plot more than 0.5wt%, through rotary tillage soil-working, make land smoothing, soil particle particle diameter is not more than 5mm, transplanting cave, cave deep 40～50cm, back cut diameter 30～40cm is dug by line-spacing (80～100cm) × (80～100cm)；Cave bottom application enters 500g base manure and makees base fertilizer, transplants cave surrounding and sprays inorganic agent；
B, switchgrass seedling select and prepare
Select the plantation switchgrass strain clump of more than 2 years, cradle, height for the stubble left 15cm, as the plant to be planted on heavy salinized ground；
C, dig shifting plant division
Select, by the end of July to during early August, to be dug out by the switchgrass strain clump cradled, dig deep not less than 40cm, be cut into 2～3 pieces little strain clumps according to strain clump size by dig out strain clump；
D, field-transplanting
The little strain clump segmented is moved into transplanting cave, compacting of watering of banketing described in this step a；Transplanting in the later moon, water 1-2 time, water and preferably carry out sooner or later, other carry out normal field management.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step a, described base manure includes cattle manure 40-50 part, Folium Mori 10-12 part, green tea powder 1-2 part, corn straw 20-30 part, polyvinyl alcohol 0.2-0.3 part, KORANTIN SH 0.08 part.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described base manure is prepared by the following method and forms:
(1) by cattle manure with Folium Mori mix homogeneously after, add water be 50% to water content, obtain mixed resin；
(2) corn straw being lighted burning, after burning 70%, be covered in uniformly by mixed resin on the corn straw treating after-flame, seal 15d, turning is once；Continue to seal and preserve 10d, spray acetic acid, obtain fermentation base material；
(3) fermentation base material will add polyvinyl alcohol, KORANTIN SH, stir.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the fountain height of described acetic acid accounts for the 40% of corn straw weight.
5. according to the method described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that described inorganic agent each transplanting cave is sprayed 120-150g.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described every 100g inorganic agent is to be made up of chitin 8g, corn starch 15g, alkyl polyglucoside 2 parts and excess water.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106613089A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Method for increasing NyPa-pasture planting survival rate of coast severe saline-alkali soil |
| CN109566288A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of modification method on the heavy salinized ground in strand |
| CN109906856A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-21 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of song-Nen plain saline-alkaline the cultivation of Mongolia's Liu Yuji human assistance method |
| CN112703976A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-27 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Method for building false lawn in coastal saline-alkali bare land |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106613089A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Method for increasing NyPa-pasture planting survival rate of coast severe saline-alkali soil |
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| CN109906856A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-21 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of song-Nen plain saline-alkaline the cultivation of Mongolia's Liu Yuji human assistance method |
| CN109906856B (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2021-04-23 | 东北林业大学 | Artificial assisted cultivation method for salix mongolica in rainy season in saline-alkali land of tender plain |
| CN112703976A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-27 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Method for building false lawn in coastal saline-alkali bare land |
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