CN105594417A - Planting method of salvia miltiorrhiza - Google Patents
Planting method of salvia miltiorrhiza Download PDFInfo
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- CN105594417A CN105594417A CN201510808343.5A CN201510808343A CN105594417A CN 105594417 A CN105594417 A CN 105594417A CN 201510808343 A CN201510808343 A CN 201510808343A CN 105594417 A CN105594417 A CN 105594417A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of salvia miltiorrhiza. The planting method comprises the steps of 1 land selecting and preparing; 2 seedling raising and transplanting, wherein root propagating, cutting propagating, seed propagating and seedling raising through plastic film mulching are performed; 3 field managing, wherein flower picking, top dressing, draining and irrigating and disease, pest and weed damage preventing and controlling are performed; 5 harvesting, wherein salvia miltiorrhiza roots are harvested and excavated when the overground parts are withered in October to early November of the next year after planting or before germination in Spring of the third year, and large-scale artificial salvia miltiorrhiza planting is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine planting technology field, specifically a kind of red sage root implantation methods.
Background technology
Red sage root another name radix salviae miltiorrhizae, blood ginseng, be labiate, is used as medicine with root, activates blood circulation and disperses blood clots, cool blood disappearsThe functions such as carbuncle, relieving restlessness are calmed the nerves, menstruction regulating and pain relieving. Its main product in Sichuan, Hebei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanxi etc.Economize, all there is cultivation all parts of the country at present. The red sage root is perennial herb, high 40～80cm. Root is elongated, cylinderShape, crust vermilion. Stem four prismatics, have purple between green, top multi-branched, and leaf is to life, odd number pinniformCompound leaf, 3～7, leaflet, oval, tip is point gradually, edge tool crenature, the long pubescence of back side adularescent [1-2].Happiness is had a moderate climate, environment sunny, with the humid air, and in the low area of temperature, vine growth and development is notGood, come up also slow. Cold-resistant, can survive the winter by open country in the north. Fearness drought is afraid of again waterlogging, and low-lying ponding easily causes rottenRoot. Root is dark, requires that soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, with the good loam of water conservation drainage performance be advisable [3]. SandThe poor arid that is subject to of matter soil water retention property, easily rotten of cohesive soil impeded drainage, all should not plant.
Summary of the invention
In order to make up above deficiency, the invention provides a kind of extensive tame red sage root implantation methods,To solve the problem in above-mentioned background technology.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of red sage root implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprises step:
1) the whole ground of selection of land
Select that deep, the quality of soil layer is loose, all good loams of water conservation draining, soil is ploughed deeply to 30～50cm,Rake is thin to be flattened, and makes the high furrow of wide 1～1.4m;
2) culturing and transplanting seedlings
1. root division
Before results, the robust growth of selecting and remain, root development enrich, without the red sage root of disease and pest in original place, wait to plantTime with digging with carrying out root division, the root bar of being used as kind, selects diameter 0.8～1.2cm, sturdyly enriches, lookPool is scarlet and without rotting the annual lateral root of sign; Root division was carried out in 2～March of early spring, also can be in conjunction with excavating,Select and remain strong root while digging root division; On ready planting-site, by line-spacing 30～40cm, spacing in the rows 25～30cmDig cave, dark 3～5cm, applies barnyard manure in cave or farmyard manure is made base fertilizer;
2. cottage propagation
South is 4～May,, 7～August, waters and fill with thoroughly, clip robust growth in the north in whole good furrowStem branch, be cut into the cuttings of long 17～20cm, wipe out lower blade, upper blade retains 2～3,Press line-spacing 15～25cm, spacing in the rows 8～12cm, by cuttings oblique cutting middle l/2～2/3 of burying, with cutting with inserting,3～5d after inserting, waters l time, gets rid of in time ponding after rain, in order to avoid blackout is rotted, will take short canopy screening simultaneouslyShade, dry and cracked in order to avoid show native dehydration, affect survival rate, after inserting, 18～22d can be taken root, and treats the long 3cm of being of rootTime, be colonizated in land for growing field crops;
3. seminal propagation
Adopt cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, wide 1.5m's, in mid or late March, on ready seedbed, be in the northFurrow, by line-spacing 30～40cm drilling of laterally ditching, sowing ditch depth 0.8～1.2cm, equably by seedBe sprinkled in ditch the thick 0.3cm of earthing;
Tiny because of salvia seeds, blinding can not be too thick, can not see seed as degree, after broadcasting, waters, on furrow faceAdd a cover plastic film, keep 18～22 DEG C of soil temperatures, broadcasting rear 15d left and right can emerge, after emerging on mulch filmSeedling is put in punching, in the time of height of seedling 5～7cm, carries out thinning, and can be colonizated in land for growing field crops 5～June;
4. covering with ground sheeting is grown seedlings
On the plot of wind sheltering on the sunny side, make the width seedbed slightly narrower than plastic sheeting amplitude, then by seedbedIn, the table soil that 18～22cm is thick digs out, then in the table soil digging out, sneaks into farmyard manure, first paving of bottom, seedbed1 layer of farmyard manure that 4～6cm is thick, and then will mix fertile table soil and insert seedbed, rake is leveling carefully, a little less than ground,March, early and middle ten days, after its cyclostrophic is warm, can start to grow seedlings, water permeable after, then make the support of camber of bamboo chip,Covering with plastic film above, both sides are closed tight with grave, water water 1 time every 7d, make nursery soil keep moistureAmount, 35～45%, is added a cover straw screen or mat night, and throw off daytime, in order to heat and moisture preserving, as height of seedling 2.0～2.5cmTime, can start part noon by film, and ventilating air 1h carries out hardening, increases gradually later every day and puts seedlingTime, after 5～7d, can remove mulch film, allow seedling adapt to after 1～2d, under natural climate conditionCan transplant in land for growing field crops;
3) field management
1. defloration
Except seed-plot, flower a kind of sedge is wiped out in batches, with restraining genital growth, promote root nutrition growth;
2. topdress
Carry out in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, use urea 200kg/hm2, especially want heavy dressing to topdress for the 3rd time, haveProfit root growth, obtains high yield;
3. irrigation and drainage
The red sage root is meat deep rooting plant, is afraid of ponding, therefore will often dredge gutter, drains the water away, and preventsWaterlogging, seeding stage and Seedling Stage water requirement are larger, meet arid weather and will water in time;
4) disease pest and weed control
1. root rot
Harm root, rots subterraneous root bar blackout, and cauline leaf withered death, has a strong impact on output on the ground; 7-High temperature and rainy in August susceptible disease in season, in control, high and dry, the well-drained local plantation of optional physical features, rainSeason is noted draining; Before arriving with onset peak at the initial stage of a disease, use 700 times of liquid of 50% Tuzet, or 50%1000 times of liquid of carbendazim, or 2000 times of liquid of 80%402 antiseptic missible oil carry out pocket filling, and consumption is 1500Kg/hm2, fills with 1 time continuous irrigation 2～3 times every 5～7d; Avoid continuous cropping;
2. three-spotted plusia
Belong to Lepidoptera Noctuidae, sting food blade with larva, cause incise, cavity, occur the summer and autumn of being everlasting,Hang black light lamps adult; Spray 800 times of liquid of 90% metrifonate, every 7d spray 1 time, connect spray for several times, inWeeding generally carries out 3 times, and the 1st carries out during inferior to height of seedling 15cm in May left and right; The 2nd inferior to JuneCarry out, the 3rd inferior to carrying out August;
5) gather
When gathering red sage root article October in next year to early November, overground part being withered after plantation or the 3rd year spring stillBefore rudiment, do not excavate.
As the improvement to technique scheme, described step 1) after previous crops results, apply compost or barnyard manure22.5～30.0t/hm2Make base manure.
As preferred technical scheme, described compost is the farm manure that retting is good.
As preferred technical scheme, described step 2) middle root division, the root bar of choosing is cut into 5～6cmLong root segment, limit trimming is planted, and greatly head-up, microcephaly is downward, uprightly plantation, every cave plants into 1～2 section, plantsAfter earthing 2cm immediately, compacting.
As preferred technical scheme, described step 2) in covering with ground sheeting grow seedlings and do kind of a cultivation by staying the first yearRed sage root, gets stage casing on it, is cut into the segment of long 3～5cm, by seeding row spacing 1cm × 2cm, will plant root1/2 be 45 ° with seedbed and tilt to insert in soil, be with cutting with inserting, and keep the above-below direction of original seed root,Cover subsequently table soil, not reveal kind of root as degree.
As preferred technical scheme, described step 5) in gather deeply because of red sage root, Root Distribution is wide, qualityCrisp and easily broken, when digging, want SC, should select fine day dry time, excavate, first dig pine stump border earth, suitableBe about to that root is complete have been dug.
As preferred technical scheme, described step 5) process after gathering, dry, cut off thin tail, putIn aeration-drying place storage, in case make moist mouldy and damage by worms.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, a kind of red sage root implantation methods of the present invention, comprises step:1) the whole ground of selection of land; Select that deep, the quality of soil layer is loose, all good loams of water conservation draining, soil is ploughed deeply30～50cm, rake is leveling carefully, makes the high furrow of wide 1～1.4m; 2) culturing and transplanting seedlings; 1. root division;Before results, the robust growth of selecting and remain, root development enrich, without the red sage root of disease and pest in original place, in the time planting withDig with carrying out root division, the root bar of being used as kind, selects diameter 0.8～1.2cm, sturdyly enriches, color and luster is freshRed and without rotting the annual lateral root of sign; Root division was carried out in 2～March of early spring, also can be in conjunction with excavating, and choosingStay strong root while digging root division; On ready planting-site, dig by line-spacing 30～40cm, spacing in the rows 25～30cmCave, dark 3～5cm, applies barnyard manure in cave or farmyard manure is made base fertilizer; 2. cottage propagation; It is southern 4～May,, 7～August, water and fill with thoroughly in the north in whole good furrow, the stem branch of clip robust growth, be cut into long by 17～The cuttings of 20cm, wipes out lower blade, and upper blade retains 2～3, by line-spacing 15～25cm, strainApart from 8～12cm, by cuttings oblique cutting middle l/2～2/3 of burying, with cutting with inserting, 3～5d after inserting, waters l time,Ponding after timely eliminating rain, in order to avoid blackout is rotted, will take short canopy simultaneously and shade in the time of the long 3cm of being of root, field plantingIn land for growing field crops; 3. seminal propagation; Adopt cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, the north is in mid or late March, in ready seedbedUpper, do the furrow of wide 1.5m, by line-spacing 30～40cm drilling of laterally ditching, sowing ditch depth 0.8～1.2cm,Equably seed is sprinkled in ditch to the thick 0.3cm of earthing; After broadcasting, water, on furrow face, add a cover plastic film, protectHold 18～22 DEG C of soil temperatures, after emerging, on mulch film, seedling is put in punching, carries out thinning in the time of height of seedling 5～7cm, 5～Can be colonizated in land for growing field crops June; 4. covering with ground sheeting is grown seedlings; On the plot of wind sheltering on the sunny side, make width and compare plasticsThe seedbed that film amplitude is slightly narrow, then by seedbed, the table soil that 18～22cm is thick digs out, then the table digging outIn soil, sneak into farmyard manure, bottom, seedbed first spreads 1 layer of farmyard manure that 4～6cm is thick, and then will mix fertile tableSoil is inserted seedbed, and rake is leveling carefully, and a little less than ground, March, early and middle ten days, after it cyclostrophic is warm, can start to grow seedlings,Water permeable after, then make the support of camber of bamboo chip, above covering with plastic film, both sides are closed tight with grave, everyWater water 1 time every 7d, make nursery soil keep water content 35～45%, add a cover straw screen or mat night, take off daytimeGo, in order to heat and moisture preserving, in the time of height of seedling 2.0～2.5cm, can start part noon by film, and circulation is emptyGas 1h, carries out hardening, increases gradually later every day and puts the seedling time, after 5～7d, can remove mulch film, allowsSeedling adapts to after 1～2d under natural climate condition, can transplant in land for growing field crops; 3) field management; 1. pluckFlower; Except seed-plot, flower a kind of sedge is wiped out in batches, with restraining genital growth, promote root nutrition growth; 2.Topdress; Carry out in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, use urea 200kg/hm2; 3. irrigation and drainage; 4) disease pest and weed control;1. root rot; Harm root, rots subterraneous root bar blackout, and cauline leaf withered death, has a strong impact on product on the groundAmount; High temperature and rainy in 7-August susceptible disease in season, in control, high and dry, well-drained local kind of optional physical featuresPlant, note draining rainy season; Before arriving with onset peak at the initial stage of a disease, use 700 times of liquid of 50% Tuzet,Or 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim, or 2000 times of liquid of 80%402 antiseptic missible oil carry out pocket filling, consumptionFor 1500kg/hm2, fill with 1 time continuous irrigation 2～3 times every 5～7d; 2. three-spotted plusia; Hang black lightLamp trapping adult; Spray 800 times of liquid of 90% metrifonate, every 7d spray 1 time, connect spray for several times, intertill and clean tillageGenerally carry out 3 times, the 1st carries out during inferior to height of seedling 15cm in May left and right; The 2nd inferior to carrying out June,The 3rd inferior to carrying out August; 5) gather; Gather red sage root bar in planting rear October in next year to early NovemberWhen overground part is withered or the 3rd year spring not yet before rudiment, excavate, realized the artificial implant mass red sage root.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of red sage root implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprises step:
1) the whole ground of selection of land
Select that deep, the quality of soil layer is loose, all good loams of water conservation draining, soil is ploughed deeply to 30～50cm,Rake is thin to be flattened, and makes the high furrow of wide 1～1.4m;
2) culturing and transplanting seedlings
1. root division
Before results, the robust growth of selecting and remain, root development enrich, without the red sage root of disease and pest in original place, wait to plantTime with digging with carrying out root division, the root bar of being used as kind, selects diameter 0.8～1.2cm, sturdyly enriches, lookPool is scarlet and without rotting the annual lateral root of sign; Root division was carried out in 2～March of early spring, also can be in conjunction with excavating,Select and remain strong root while digging root division; On ready planting-site, by line-spacing 30～40cm, spacing in the rows 25～30cmDig cave, dark 3～5cm, applies barnyard manure in cave or farmyard manure is made base fertilizer;
2. cottage propagation
South is 4～May,, 7～August, waters and fill with thoroughly, clip robust growth in the north in whole good furrowStem branch, be cut into the cuttings of long 17～20cm, wipe out lower blade, upper blade retains 2～3,Press line-spacing 15～25cm, spacing in the rows 8～12cm, by cuttings oblique cutting middle l/2～2/3 of burying, with cutting with inserting,3～5d after inserting, waters l time, gets rid of in time ponding after rain, in order to avoid blackout is rotted, will take short canopy screening simultaneouslyShade, dry and cracked in order to avoid show native dehydration, affect survival rate, after inserting, 18～22d can be taken root, and treats the long 3cm of being of rootTime, be colonizated in land for growing field crops;
3. seminal propagation
Adopt cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, wide 1.5m's, in mid or late March, on ready seedbed, be in the northFurrow, by line-spacing 30～40cm drilling of laterally ditching, sowing ditch depth 0.8～1.2cm, equably by seedBe sprinkled in ditch the thick 0.3cm of earthing;
Tiny because of salvia seeds, blinding can not be too thick, can not see seed as degree, after broadcasting, waters, on furrow faceAdd a cover plastic film, keep 18～22 DEG C of soil temperatures, broadcasting rear 15d left and right can emerge, after emerging on mulch filmSeedling is put in punching, in the time of height of seedling 5～7cm, carries out thinning, and can be colonizated in land for growing field crops 5～June;
4. covering with ground sheeting is grown seedlings
On the plot of wind sheltering on the sunny side, make the width seedbed slightly narrower than plastic sheeting amplitude, then by seedbedIn, the table soil that 18～22cm is thick digs out, then in the table soil digging out, sneaks into farmyard manure, first paving of bottom, seedbed1 layer of farmyard manure that 4～6cm is thick, and then will mix fertile table soil and insert seedbed, rake is leveling carefully, a little less than ground,March, early and middle ten days, after its cyclostrophic is warm, can start to grow seedlings, water permeable after, then make the support of camber of bamboo chip,Covering with plastic film above, both sides are closed tight with grave, water water 1 time every 7d, make nursery soil keep moistureAmount, 35～45%, is added a cover straw screen or mat night, and throw off daytime, in order to heat and moisture preserving, as height of seedling 2.0～2.5cmTime, can start part noon by film, and ventilating air 1h carries out hardening, increases gradually later every day and puts seedlingTime, after 5～7d, can remove mulch film, allow seedling adapt to after 1～2d, under natural climate conditionCan transplant in land for growing field crops;
3) field management
1. defloration
Except seed-plot, flower a kind of sedge is wiped out in batches, with restraining genital growth, promote root nutrition growth;
2. topdress
Carry out in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, use urea 200kg/hm2, especially want heavy dressing to topdress for the 3rd time, haveProfit root growth, obtains high yield;
3. irrigation and drainage
The red sage root is meat deep rooting plant, is afraid of ponding, therefore will often dredge gutter, drains the water away, and preventsWaterlogging, seeding stage and Seedling Stage water requirement are larger, meet arid weather and will water in time;
4) disease pest and weed control
1. root rot
Harm root, rots subterraneous root bar blackout, and cauline leaf withered death, has a strong impact on output on the ground; 7-High temperature and rainy in August susceptible disease in season, in control, high and dry, the well-drained local plantation of optional physical features, rainSeason is noted draining; Before arriving with onset peak at the initial stage of a disease, use 700 times of liquid of 50% Tuzet, or 50%1000 times of liquid of carbendazim, or 2000 times of liquid of 80%402 antiseptic missible oil carry out pocket filling, and consumption is 1500Kg/hm2, fills with 1 time continuous irrigation 2～3 times every 5～7d; Avoid continuous cropping;
2. three-spotted plusia
Belong to Lepidoptera Noctuidae, sting food blade with larva, cause incise, cavity, occur the summer and autumn of being everlasting,Hang black light lamps adult; Spray 800 times of liquid of 90% metrifonate, every 7d spray 1 time, connect spray for several times, inWeeding generally carries out 3 times, and the 1st carries out during inferior to height of seedling 15cm in May left and right; The 2nd inferior to JuneCarry out, the 3rd inferior to carrying out August;
5) gather
When gathering red sage root article October in next year to early November, overground part being withered after plantation or the 3rd year spring stillBefore rudiment, do not excavate.
Described step 1) after previous crops results, apply compost or barnyard manure 22.5～30.0t/hm2Make base manure.
Described compost is the farm manure that retting is good.
Described step 2) middle root division, the root bar of choosing is cut into the long root segment of 5～6cm, limit trimming is planted,Greatly head-up, microcephaly is downward, uprightly plantation, and every cave plants into 1～2 section, earthing 2cm immediately after cultivation, compacting.
Described step 2) in covering with ground sheeting to grow seedlings be the red sage root of doing kind of cultivation by staying the first year, get stage casing on it,Be cut into the segment of long 3～5cm, by seeding row spacing 1cm × 2cm, be 45 ° by 1/2 of kind of root with seedbedTilt to insert in soil, be with cutting with inserting, and keep the above-below direction of original seed root, cover subsequently table soil, with notReveal kind of root for degree.
Described step 5) in gather deeply because of red sage root, Root Distribution is wide, quality is crisp and easily broken, wants special when diggingNot careful, should select fine day dry time, excavate, first dig pine stump border earth, direct motion has been dug complete root.
Described step 5) process after gathering, dry, cut off thin tail, be placed in aeration-drying place storage, withPrevent making moist mouldy and damaging by worms.
Further set forth the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment mono-:
A kind of red sage root implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprises step:
1) the whole ground of selection of land
Select that deep, the quality of soil layer is loose, all good loams of water conservation draining, soil is ploughed deeply to 30cm, rakeThin leveling, makes the high furrow of wide 1m;
2) culturing and transplanting seedlings
1. root division
Before results, the robust growth of selecting and remain, root development enrich, without the red sage root of disease and pest in original place, wait to plantTime with digging with carrying out root division, the root bar of being used as kind, selects diameter 0.8cm, sturdyly enriches, color and luster is scarletAnd the annual lateral root of the rotten sign of nothing; Root division was carried out in 2～March of early spring, also can, in conjunction with excavating, select and remainStrong root is root division while digging; On ready planting-site, dig cave by line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, dark 3cm,In cave, apply barnyard manure or farmyard manure is made base fertilizer;
2. cottage propagation
South is 4～May,, 7～August, waters and fill with thoroughly, clip robust growth in the north in whole good furrowStem branch, be cut into the cuttings of long 17cm, wipe out lower blade, upper blade retains 2～3, by rowApart from 15cm, spacing in the rows 8cm, by cuttings oblique cutting middle l/2～2/3 of burying, with cutting with inserting, 3～5d after inserting,Water l time, get rid of in time ponding after rain, in order to avoid blackout is rotted, will take short canopy simultaneously and shade, in order to avoid table soilDehydration and dry and cracked, affects survival rate, and after inserting, 18～22d can be taken root, long during for 3cm until root, field plantingIn land for growing field crops;
3. seminal propagation
Adopt cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, wide 1.5m's, in mid or late March, on ready seedbed, be in the northFurrow, by the line-spacing 30cm drilling of laterally ditching, sowing ditch depth 0.8cm, is sprinkled into seed in ditch equably,The thick 0.3cm of earthing;
Tiny because of salvia seeds, blinding can not be too thick, can not see seed as degree, after broadcasting, waters, on furrow faceAdd a cover plastic film, keep 18 DEG C of soil temperatures, broadcasting rear 15d left and right can emerge, and after emerging, on mulch film, punchesPut seedling, in the time of height of seedling 5cm, carry out thinning, can be colonizated in land for growing field crops 5～June;
4. covering with ground sheeting is grown seedlings
On the plot of wind sheltering on the sunny side, make the width seedbed slightly narrower than plastic sheeting amplitude, then by seedbedIn, the table soil that 18cm is thick digs out, then in the table soil digging out, sneaks into farmyard manure, and bottom, seedbed first spreads 1 layerThe farmyard manure that 4cm is thick, and then will mix fertile table soil and insert seedbed, rake is leveling carefully, a little less than ground, on MarchIn the middle ten days, after its cyclostrophic is warm, can start to grow seedlings, water permeable after, then make the support of camber of bamboo chip, onFace covering with plastic film, both sides are closed tight with grave, water water 1 time every 7d, make nursery soil keep water content35～45%, add a cover straw screen or mat night, throw off daytime, in order to heat and moisture preserving, in the time of height of seedling 2.0cm, inNoon can start part by film, and ventilating air 1h carries out hardening, and increase gradually later every day and put the seedling time,After 5～7d, can remove mulch film, allow seedling adapt to after 1～2d under natural climate condition, can transplantIn land for growing field crops;
3) field management
1. defloration
Except seed-plot, flower a kind of sedge is wiped out in batches, with restraining genital growth, promote root nutrition growth;
2. topdress
Carry out in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, use urea 200kg/hm2, especially want heavy dressing to topdress for the 3rd time, haveProfit root growth, obtains high yield;
3. irrigation and drainage
The red sage root is meat deep rooting plant, is afraid of ponding, therefore will often dredge gutter, drains the water away, and preventsWaterlogging, seeding stage and Seedling Stage water requirement are larger, meet arid weather and will water in time;
4) disease pest and weed control
1. root rot
Harm root, rots subterraneous root bar blackout, and cauline leaf withered death, has a strong impact on output on the ground; 7-High temperature and rainy in August susceptible disease in season, in control, high and dry, the well-drained local plantation of optional physical features, rainSeason is noted draining; Before arriving with onset peak at the initial stage of a disease, use 700 times of liquid of 50% Tuzet, or 50%1000 times of liquid of carbendazim, or 2000 times of liquid of 80%402 antiseptic missible oil carry out pocket filling, and consumption is 1500Kg/hm2, fills with 1 time continuous irrigation 2～3 times every 5～7d; Avoid continuous cropping;
2. three-spotted plusia
Belong to Lepidoptera Noctuidae, sting food blade with larva, cause incise, cavity, occur the summer and autumn of being everlasting,Hang black light lamps adult; Spray 800 times of liquid of 90% metrifonate, every 7d spray 1 time, connect spray for several times, inWeeding generally carries out 3 times, and the 1st carries out during inferior to height of seedling 15cm in May left and right; The 2nd inferior to JuneCarry out, the 3rd inferior to carrying out August;
5) gather
When gathering red sage root article October in next year to early November, overground part being withered after plantation or the 3rd year spring stillBefore rudiment, do not excavate.
Described step 1) after previous crops results, apply compost or barnyard manure 22.5t/hm2Make base manure.
Described compost is the farm manure that retting is good.
Described step 2) middle root division, the root bar of choosing is cut into the long root segment of 5cm, limit trimming is planted,Greatly head-up, microcephaly is downward, uprightly plantation, and every cave plants into 1～2 section, earthing 2cm immediately after cultivation, compacting.
Described step 2) in covering with ground sheeting to grow seedlings be the red sage root of doing kind of cultivation by staying the first year, get stage casing on it,Be cut into the segment of long 3～5cm, by seeding row spacing 1cm × 2cm, be 45 ° by 1/2 of kind of root with seedbedTilt to insert in soil, be with cutting with inserting, and keep the above-below direction of original seed root, cover subsequently table soil, with notReveal kind of root for degree.
Described step 5) in gather deeply because of red sage root, Root Distribution is wide, quality is crisp and easily broken, wants special when diggingNot careful, should select fine day dry time, excavate, first dig pine stump border earth, direct motion has been dug complete root.
Described step 5) process after gathering, dry, cut off thin tail, be placed in aeration-drying place storage, withPrevent making moist mouldy and damaging by worms.
Embodiment bis-:
A kind of red sage root implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprises step:
1) the whole ground of selection of land
Select that deep, the quality of soil layer is loose, all good loams of water conservation draining, soil is ploughed deeply to 40cm, rakeThin leveling, makes the high furrow of wide 1.2m;
2) culturing and transplanting seedlings
1. root division
Before results, the robust growth of selecting and remain, root development enrich, without the red sage root of disease and pest in original place, wait to plantTime with digging with carrying out root division, the root bar of being used as kind, select diameter 1cm, sturdyly enrich, color and luster scarlet andWithout the annual lateral root of the sign that rots; Root division was carried out in 2～March of early spring, also can, in conjunction with excavating, select and remain strongRoot is root division while digging; On ready planting-site, dig cave by line-spacing 35cm, spacing in the rows 28cm, dark 4cm,In cave, apply barnyard manure or farmyard manure is made base fertilizer;
2. cottage propagation
South is 4～May,, 7～August, waters and fill with thoroughly, clip robust growth in the north in whole good furrowStem branch, be cut into the cuttings of long 18cm, wipe out lower blade, upper blade retains 2～3, by rowApart from 20cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, by cuttings oblique cutting middle l/2～2/3 of burying, with cutting with inserting, 3～5d after inserting,Water l time, get rid of in time ponding after rain, in order to avoid blackout is rotted, will take short canopy simultaneously and shade, in order to avoid table soilDehydration and dry and cracked, affects survival rate, and after inserting, 18～22d can be taken root, long during for 3cm until root, field plantingIn land for growing field crops;
3. seminal propagation
Adopt cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, wide 1.5m's, in mid or late March, on ready seedbed, be in the northFurrow, by the line-spacing 35cm drilling of laterally ditching, sowing ditch depth 1cm, is sprinkled into seed in ditch equably, coversThe thick 0.3cm of soil;
Tiny because of salvia seeds, blinding can not be too thick, can not see seed as degree, after broadcasting, waters, on furrow faceAdd a cover plastic film, keep 18～22 DEG C of soil temperatures, broadcasting rear 15d left and right can emerge, after emerging on mulch filmSeedling is put in punching, in the time of height of seedling 6cm, carries out thinning, and can be colonizated in land for growing field crops 5～June;
4. covering with ground sheeting is grown seedlings
On the plot of wind sheltering on the sunny side, make the width seedbed slightly narrower than plastic sheeting amplitude, then by seedbedIn, the table soil that 20cm is thick digs out, then in the table soil digging out, sneaks into farmyard manure, and bottom, seedbed first spreads 1 layerThe farmyard manure that 5cm is thick, and then will mix fertile table soil and insert seedbed, rake is leveling carefully, a little less than ground, on MarchIn the middle ten days, after its cyclostrophic is warm, can start to grow seedlings, water permeable after, then make the support of camber of bamboo chip, onFace covering with plastic film, both sides are closed tight with grave, water water 1 time every 7d, make nursery soil keep water content40%, add a cover straw screen or mat night, throw off daytime, and in order to heat and moisture preserving, in the time of height of seedling 2.3cm, noon canFilm is started to part, and ventilating air 1h, carries out hardening, increases gradually later every day and puts seedling time, 5～7After d, can remove mulch film, allow seedling adapt to after 1～2d under natural climate condition, can transplant in land for growing field crops;
3) field management
1. defloration
Except seed-plot, flower a kind of sedge is wiped out in batches, with restraining genital growth, promote root nutrition growth;
2. topdress
Carry out in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, use urea 200kg/hm2, especially want heavy dressing to topdress for the 3rd time, haveProfit root growth, obtains high yield;
3. irrigation and drainage
The red sage root is meat deep rooting plant, is afraid of ponding, therefore will often dredge gutter, drains the water away, and preventsWaterlogging, seeding stage and Seedling Stage water requirement are larger, meet arid weather and will water in time;
4) disease pest and weed control
1. root rot
Harm root, rots subterraneous root bar blackout, and cauline leaf withered death, has a strong impact on output on the ground; 7-High temperature and rainy in August susceptible disease in season, in control, high and dry, the well-drained local plantation of optional physical features, rainSeason is noted draining; Before arriving with onset peak at the initial stage of a disease, use 700 times of liquid of 50% Tuzet, or 50%1000 times of liquid of carbendazim, or 2000 times of liquid of 80%402 antiseptic missible oil carry out pocket filling, and consumption is 1500Kg/hm2, fills with 1 time continuous irrigation 2～3 times every 5～7d; Avoid continuous cropping;
2. three-spotted plusia
Belong to Lepidoptera Noctuidae, sting food blade with larva, cause incise, cavity, occur the summer and autumn of being everlasting,Hang black light lamps adult; Spray 800 times of liquid of 90% metrifonate, every 7d spray 1 time, connect spray for several times, inWeeding generally carries out 3 times, and the 1st carries out during inferior to height of seedling 15cm in May left and right; The 2nd inferior to JuneCarry out, the 3rd inferior to carrying out August;
5) gather
When gathering red sage root article October in next year to early November, overground part being withered after plantation or the 3rd year spring stillBefore rudiment, do not excavate.
Described step 1) after previous crops results, apply compost or barnyard manure 25.0t/hm2Make base manure.
Described compost is the farm manure that retting is good.
Described step 2) middle root division, the root bar of choosing is cut into the long root segment of 5.5cm, limit trimming is planted,Greatly head-up, microcephaly is downward, uprightly plantation, and every cave plants into 1～2 section, earthing 2cm immediately after cultivation, compacting.
Described step 2) in covering with ground sheeting to grow seedlings be the red sage root of doing kind of cultivation by staying the first year, get stage casing on it,Be cut into the segment of long 4cm, by seeding row spacing 1cm × 2cm, be 45 ° of inclinations by 1/2 of kind of root with seedbedInsert in soil, be with cutting with inserting, and keep the above-below direction of original seed root, cover subsequently table soil, not reveal kindRoot is degree.
Described step 5) in gather deeply because of red sage root, Root Distribution is wide, quality is crisp and easily broken, wants special when diggingNot careful, should select fine day dry time, excavate, first dig pine stump border earth, direct motion has been dug complete root.
Described step 5) process after gathering, dry, cut off thin tail, be placed in aeration-drying place storage, withPrevent making moist mouldy and damaging by worms.
Embodiment tri-:
A kind of red sage root implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprises step:
1) the whole ground of selection of land
Select that deep, the quality of soil layer is loose, all good loams of water conservation draining, soil is ploughed deeply to 50cm, rakeThin leveling, makes the high furrow of wide 11.4m;
2) culturing and transplanting seedlings
1. root division
Before results, the robust growth of selecting and remain, root development enrich, without the red sage root of disease and pest in original place, wait to plantTime with digging with carrying out root division, the root bar of being used as kind, selects diameter 1.2cm, sturdyly enriches, color and luster is scarletAnd the annual lateral root of the rotten sign of nothing; Root division was carried out in 2～March of early spring, also can, in conjunction with excavating, select and remainStrong root is root division while digging; On ready planting-site, dig cave by line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, dark 5cm,In cave, apply barnyard manure or farmyard manure is made base fertilizer;
2. cottage propagation
South is 4～May,, 7～August, waters and fill with thoroughly, clip robust growth in the north in whole good furrowStem branch, be cut into the cuttings of long 20cm, wipe out lower blade, upper blade retains 2～3, by rowApart from 25cm, spacing in the rows 12cm, by cuttings oblique cutting middle l/2～2/3 of burying, with cutting with inserting, 3～5d after inserting,Water l time, get rid of in time ponding after rain, in order to avoid blackout is rotted, will take short canopy simultaneously and shade, in order to avoid table soilDehydration and dry and cracked, affects survival rate, and after inserting, 18～22d can be taken root, long during for 3cm until root, field plantingIn land for growing field crops;
3. seminal propagation
Adopt cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, wide 1.5m's, in mid or late March, on ready seedbed, be in the northFurrow, by the line-spacing 40cm drilling of laterally ditching, sowing ditch depth 1.2cm, is sprinkled into seed in ditch equably,The thick 0.3cm of earthing;
Tiny because of salvia seeds, blinding can not be too thick, can not see seed as degree, after broadcasting, waters, on furrow faceAdd a cover plastic film, keep 18～22 DEG C of soil temperatures, broadcasting rear 15d left and right can emerge, after emerging on mulch filmSeedling is put in punching, in the time of height of seedling 7cm, carries out thinning, and can be colonizated in land for growing field crops 5～June;
4. covering with ground sheeting is grown seedlings
On the plot of wind sheltering on the sunny side, make the width seedbed slightly narrower than plastic sheeting amplitude, then by seedbedIn, the table soil that 22cm is thick digs out, then in the table soil digging out, sneaks into farmyard manure, and bottom, seedbed first spreads 1 layerThe farmyard manure that 6cm is thick, and then will mix fertile table soil and insert seedbed, rake is leveling carefully, a little less than ground, on MarchIn the middle ten days, after its cyclostrophic is warm, can start to grow seedlings, water permeable after, then make the support of camber of bamboo chip, onFace covering with plastic film, both sides are closed tight with grave, water water 1 time every 7d, make nursery soil keep water content45%, add a cover straw screen or mat night, throw off daytime, and in order to heat and moisture preserving, in the time of height of seedling 2.5cm, noon canFilm is started to part, and ventilating air 1h, carries out hardening, increases gradually later every day and puts seedling time, 5～7After d, can remove mulch film, allow seedling adapt to after 1～2d under natural climate condition, can transplant in land for growing field crops;
3) field management
1. defloration
Except seed-plot, flower a kind of sedge is wiped out in batches, with restraining genital growth, promote root nutrition growth;
2. topdress
Carry out in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, use urea 200kg/hm2, especially want heavy dressing to topdress for the 3rd time, haveProfit root growth, obtains high yield;
3. irrigation and drainage
The red sage root is meat deep rooting plant, is afraid of ponding, therefore will often dredge gutter, drains the water away, and preventsWaterlogging, seeding stage and Seedling Stage water requirement are larger, meet arid weather and will water in time;
4) disease pest and weed control
1. root rot
Harm root, rots subterraneous root bar blackout, and cauline leaf withered death, has a strong impact on output on the ground; 7-High temperature and rainy in August susceptible disease in season, in control, high and dry, the well-drained local plantation of optional physical features, rainSeason is noted draining; Before arriving with onset peak at the initial stage of a disease, use 700 times of liquid of 50% Tuzet, or 50%1000 times of liquid of carbendazim, or 2000 times of liquid of 80%402 antiseptic missible oil carry out pocket filling, and consumption is 1500Kg/hm2, fills with 1 time continuous irrigation 2～3 times every 5～7d; Avoid continuous cropping;
2. three-spotted plusia
Belong to Lepidoptera Noctuidae, sting food blade with larva, cause incise, cavity, occur the summer and autumn of being everlasting,Hang black light lamps adult; Spray 800 times of liquid of 90% metrifonate, every 7d spray 1 time, connect spray for several times, inWeeding generally carries out 3 times, and the 1st carries out during inferior to height of seedling 15cm in May left and right; The 2nd inferior to JuneCarry out, the 3rd inferior to carrying out August;
5) gather
When gathering red sage root article October in next year to early November, overground part being withered after plantation or the 3rd year spring stillBefore rudiment, do not excavate.
Described step 1) after previous crops results, apply compost or barnyard manure 30.0t/hm2Make base manure.
Described compost is the farm manure that retting is good.
Described step 2) middle root division, the root bar of choosing is cut into the long root segment of 6cm, limit trimming is planted,Greatly head-up, microcephaly is downward, uprightly plantation, and every cave plants into 1～2 section, earthing 2cm immediately after cultivation, compacting.
Described step 2) in covering with ground sheeting to grow seedlings be the red sage root of doing kind of cultivation by staying the first year, get stage casing on it,Be cut into the segment of long 5cm, by seeding row spacing 1cm × 2cm, be 45 ° of inclinations by 1/2 of kind of root with seedbedInsert in soil, be with cutting with inserting, and keep the above-below direction of original seed root, cover subsequently table soil, not reveal kindRoot is degree.
Described step 5) in gather deeply because of red sage root, Root Distribution is wide, quality is crisp and easily broken, wants special when diggingNot careful, should select fine day dry time, excavate, first dig pine stump border earth, direct motion has been dug complete root.
Described step 5) process after gathering, dry, cut off thin tail, be placed in aeration-drying place storage, withPrevent making moist mouldy and damaging by worms.
More than show and described general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention. The industryTechnical staff should understand, the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, in above-described embodiment and descriptionThat describes just illustrates principle of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the present inventionAlso have various changes and modifications, these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention. ThisInventing claimed scope is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. a red sage root implantation methods, is characterized in that, comprises step:
1) the whole ground of selection of land
Select that deep, the quality of soil layer is loose, all good loams of water conservation draining, soil is ploughed deeply to 30～50cm,Rake is thin to be flattened, and makes the high furrow of wide 1～1.4m;
2) culturing and transplanting seedlings
1. root division
Before results, the robust growth of selecting and remain, root development enrich, without the red sage root of disease and pest in original place, wait to plantTime with digging with carrying out root division, the root bar of being used as kind, selects diameter 0.8～1.2cm, sturdyly enriches, lookPool is scarlet and without rotting the annual lateral root of sign; Root division was carried out in 2～March of early spring, also can be in conjunction with excavating,Select and remain strong root while digging root division; On ready planting-site, by line-spacing 30～40cm, spacing in the rows 25～30cmDig cave, dark 3～5cm, applies barnyard manure in cave or farmyard manure is made base fertilizer;
2. cottage propagation
South is 4～May,, 7～August, waters and fill with thoroughly, clip robust growth in the north in whole good furrowStem branch, be cut into the cuttings of long 17～20cm, wipe out lower blade, upper blade retains 2～3,Press line-spacing 15～25cm, spacing in the rows 8～12cm, by cuttings oblique cutting middle l/2～2/3 of burying, with cutting with inserting,3～5d after inserting, waters l time, gets rid of in time ponding after rain, in order to avoid blackout is rotted, will take short canopy screening simultaneouslyShade, in the time that root length is 3cm, is colonizated in land for growing field crops;
3. seminal propagation
Adopt cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, wide 1.5m's, in mid or late March, on ready seedbed, be in the northFurrow, by line-spacing 30～40cm drilling of laterally ditching, sowing ditch depth 0.8～1.2cm, equably by seedBe sprinkled in ditch the thick 0.3cm of earthing;
After broadcasting, water, on furrow face, add a cover plastic film, keep 18～22 DEG C of soil temperatures, after emerging, on mulch film, beatKong Fangmiao carries out thinning in the time of height of seedling 5～7cm, and can be colonizated in land for growing field crops 5～June;
4. covering with ground sheeting is grown seedlings
On the plot of wind sheltering on the sunny side, make the width seedbed slightly narrower than plastic sheeting amplitude, then by seedbedIn, the table soil that 18～22cm is thick digs out, then in the table soil digging out, sneaks into farmyard manure, first paving of bottom, seedbed1 layer of farmyard manure that 4～6cm is thick, and then will mix fertile table soil and insert seedbed, rake is leveling carefully, a little less than ground,March, early and middle ten days, after its cyclostrophic is warm, can start to grow seedlings, water permeable after, then make the support of camber of bamboo chip,Covering with plastic film above, both sides are closed tight with grave, water water 1 time every 7d, make nursery soil keep moistureAmount, 35～45%, is added a cover straw screen or mat night, and throw off daytime, in order to heat and moisture preserving, as height of seedling 2.0～2.5cmTime, can start part noon by film, and ventilating air 1h carries out hardening, increases gradually later every day and puts seedlingTime, after 5～7d, can remove mulch film, allow seedling adapt to after 1～2d, under natural climate conditionCan transplant in land for growing field crops;
3) field management
1. defloration
Except seed-plot, flower a kind of sedge is wiped out in batches, with restraining genital growth, promote root nutrition growth;
2. topdress
Carry out in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, use urea 200kg/hm2;
3. irrigation and drainage
4) disease pest and weed control
1. root rot
Harm root, rots subterraneous root bar blackout, and cauline leaf withered death, has a strong impact on output on the ground; 7-High temperature and rainy in August susceptible disease in season, in control, high and dry, the well-drained local plantation of optional physical features, rainSeason is noted draining; Before arriving with onset peak at the initial stage of a disease, use 700 times of liquid of 50% Tuzet, or 50%1000 times of liquid of carbendazim, or 2000 times of liquid of 80%402 antiseptic missible oil carry out pocket filling, and consumption is 1500Kg/hm2, fills with 1 time continuous irrigation 2～3 times every 5～7d;
2. three-spotted plusia
Hang black light lamps adult; Spray 800 times of liquid of 90% metrifonate, every 7d spray 1 time, connect spray for several times,Intertill and clean tillage generally carries out 3 times, and the 1st carries out during inferior to height of seedling 15cm in May left and right; The 2nd inferior to JuneCarry out, the 3rd inferior to carrying out August;
5) gather
When gathering red sage root article October in next year to early November, overground part being withered after plantation or the 3rd year spring stillBefore rudiment, do not excavate.
2. red sage root implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 1) at previous cropsAfter results, apply compost or barnyard manure 22.5～30.0t/hm2Make base manure.
3. red sage root implantation methods as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described compost is that retting is goodFarm manure.
4. red sage root implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 2) middle root divisionBreeding, is cut into the long root segment of 5～6cm by the root bar of choosing, and limit trimming is planted, and greatly head-up, microcephaly is downward,Upright plantation, every cave plants into 1～2 section, earthing 2cm immediately after cultivation, compacting.
5. red sage root implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 2) middle mulch filmIt is the red sage root of doing kind of cultivation by staying the first year that covering is grown seedlings, and gets stage casing on it, is cut into the segment of long 3～5cm,Press seeding row spacing 1cm × 2cm, be 45 ° by 1/2 of kind of root with seedbed and tilt to insert in soil, be with cutting with inserting,And keep the above-below direction of original seed root, cover subsequently table soil, not reveal kind of root as degree.
6. red sage root implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 5) in gatherWhile selecting fine day dry, excavate, first dig pine stump border earth, direct motion has been dug complete root.
7. red sage root implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 5) gather afterProcess, dry, cut off thin tail, be placed in aeration-drying place storage.
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| CN106068983A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 张晓莉 | A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is cultivated and method for transplanting |
| CN106171348A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-12-07 | 谢立红 | A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Protectorate cultivation method |
| CN107223442A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-10-03 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | The cultural method of river red sage root fertility change |
| CN107616064A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-23 | 嵩县和顺药业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the red sage root |
| CN108293760A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-07-20 | 六安栀子农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of high-survival rate |
| CN108633660A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-12 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae new varieties production of hybrid seeds method for culturing seedlings |
| CN108812142A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽俊祺生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae |
| CN108834802A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-20 | 曲靖市沾益区生物资源开发技术推广站 | A kind of off-season cultivation method of radix salviae miltiorrhizae |
| CN108934863A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-12-07 | 安徽俊祺生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultivation technique of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae |
| CN109924091A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-25 | 河南省文医堂药业有限公司 | Improve the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae method for culturing seedlings of tanshinone content |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106068983A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 张晓莉 | A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is cultivated and method for transplanting |
| CN106171348A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-12-07 | 谢立红 | A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Protectorate cultivation method |
| CN107223442A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-10-03 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | The cultural method of river red sage root fertility change |
| CN108293760A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-07-20 | 六安栀子农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of high-survival rate |
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| CN108633660A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-12 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae new varieties production of hybrid seeds method for culturing seedlings |
| CN108812142A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽俊祺生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae |
| CN108934863A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-12-07 | 安徽俊祺生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultivation technique of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae |
| CN108834802A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-20 | 曲靖市沾益区生物资源开发技术推广站 | A kind of off-season cultivation method of radix salviae miltiorrhizae |
| CN109924091A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-25 | 河南省文医堂药业有限公司 | Improve the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae method for culturing seedlings of tanshinone content |
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