CN1053827A - 紧固件 - Google Patents

紧固件 Download PDF

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CN1053827A
CN1053827A CN91100552A CN91100552A CN1053827A CN 1053827 A CN1053827 A CN 1053827A CN 91100552 A CN91100552 A CN 91100552A CN 91100552 A CN91100552 A CN 91100552A CN 1053827 A CN1053827 A CN 1053827A
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fastening piece
boring
preference
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CN1020944C (zh
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阿图尔·费希尔
维利·豪格
斯特凡·林德
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Fisher Holdings & CoKg GmbH
Fischerwerke GmbH and Co KG
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Fischerwerke Artur Fischer GmbH and Co KG
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/10Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/38Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/381Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom having five-membered rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12Antihypertensives

Abstract

本发明的紧固件具有一个支撑圆锥体和一个可 在其上推开的支撑元件,该紧固件可以在带侧凹的钻 孔内作形状适配的固定。当钻孔具有极浅的钻孔深 度时对紧固件提出一些特殊的要求。此外,还有一种 适用于紧固屋面板的紧固件,在其支撑圆锥体上紧贴 一个作为支撑元件的屋顶状拱形环,为了固定在钻 孔内将环推开在支撑圆锥体上,此时尽可能以平面加 压,使环的侧向边缘张紧在钻孔壁上。

Description

本发明涉及到一种具有螺杆和支撑圆锥体构成的金属紧固件以及一种配用于所述紧固件的屋面板。
已知的紧固件可以形状适配地固定在具有侧凹的钻孔内。此时一个可推开到撑开块上的涨壳可以形状适配地嵌接到钻孔底部的侧凹内。但对于孔深很浅的钻孔来说,这种紧固件却是不适用的。
在紧固板厚很薄的屋面板时,可以在该屋面板的背面设置带有侧凹的钻孔,但其孔深是很浅的。传统的带有涨壳的紧固件对于上述使用范围是不适用的。因为一般要在每块屋面板上设有若干个紧固件,所以所用的紧固件在结构上和安装上要尽量简单。因此本发明的任务是,提供一种适用于具有侧凹钻孔的紧固件,这种钻孔的深度是很浅的,紧固件可以形状适配地装入到具有侧凹钻孔内,并具有最简单的结构。同时这种紧固件特别适用于屋面板上的紧固。
上述任务由下述的技术方案得到解决。将紧固件安装到一个带侧凹的钻孔内,只需将紧固件以支撑圆锥体的端面装入到钻孔底部,然后用管状工具将屋顶状的拱形环压下。环的外边缘此时挤压到侧凹范围的钻孔壁内,由此使紧固件形状适配地固定在钻孔内。在这种应用中,该紧固件主要由一个钢制螺栓组成,在该螺栓的一端设置有支撑圆锥体。该屋顶状拱形撑开件是一个钢制的环,在未弯曲状态下大致呈椭圆形。在弯曲区该环可设置成窄段,即该环在中间有两个对置的窄段。上述窄段不仅易于使环作屋顶状的弯曲,而且张紧在钻孔内时当作轨边区。从而可使环以最佳方式张紧在侧凹区内,此时没有过高的撑开力。在弯曲区环上可以压有两个对置的凹槽,这些凹槽还有利于弯曲,而在钻孔内则有最佳的张紧。
为了得到具有可靠紧固件而且结构简单的屋面板,提出一种具有至少一个带侧凹钻孔的屋面板,在钻孔内插入一个本发明所述的紧固件,一个环形件被压紧在支撑圆锥体上,并以其在侧凹中的外边缘贴紧在钻孔壁上。一个在背面装有本发明紧固件的屋面板可使紧固很可靠。要是附加地在螺杆上套装一个间隔套,该间隔套平放在撑开圆锥体或环上,并且在屋面板的背面突出很小,因此可防止紧固件从钻孔中拨出。由于原拧装在螺杆上的螺母是用较大的转矩拧紧的,所以此时产生的张紧也就由间隔套来承受。
间隔套的外径与钻孔直径相适配,这样间隔套也就同时对准钻孔内的紧固件,并承受作用在紧固件上的弯曲力。
也可以不用间隔套,将一个塑料垫圈套在螺杆上,拧装在螺杆上的螺母使该塑料垫圈不仅被张紧到撑开件上,而且还被张紧在屋面板的外表面上。插入到钻孔内的塑料垫圈定心台阶此时压到屋顶状拱形环段的隆起部位上,这样由于定心台阶的塑性和弹性变形,对这个台阶在撑开件上形成一个均匀的压力,而对那个台阶则达到持久而防振的张紧。同时使塑料垫圈以其密封唇部紧压在屋面板的外表面上,从而保证钻孔有一个最佳的密封。此外,通过塑料垫圈还使螺栓因采用塑料而具有柔性支承。
为了提高塑料垫圈的弹性和压缩能力以弥补钻孔深度或撑开件高度的偏差,最好是在塑料垫圈相当于定心台阶对面的一侧设有一个凹台,该凹台可使塑料垫圈向下弯曲直至与用作张紧的螺母贴合。
下面借助于附图中所示的实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
其中:
图1表示一个要嵌接到屋面板内的紧固件具有屋顶状拱形环,
图2表示按图1的环俯视图,图中该环处于未被弯曲状态,
图3表示按图2的环侧视图,
图4表示一个装有固定用紧固件的屋面板,紧固件上套装一个间隔套,还有
图5表示另一个实施例其间隔套有一侧是制成坡口的,
图6表示撑开件的一个结构变型,
图7表示固定在屋面板上并用一个塑料垫圈张紧的紧固件。
图1示有的屋面板具有一个钻孔,该钻孔在其底部3的范围内具有一个侧凹4。制造这类侧凹可以借助于传统扩孔装置来完成,这不是本发明的主题。
一个其上设有支撑圆锥体6的紧固件5可以嵌入到该钻孔2内,位于该支撑圆锥体6上的是一个屋顶状拱形环7,一个螺杆9向上穿过该环的环孔8(图2),该环7是被弯曲成可以连同紧固件嵌装在以截面示出的屋面板1的孔2内。
环7在未被弯曲状态下具有一个大致是椭圆的形状,如图2的俯视图所示。两个对置的呈圆形的侧面是设置成明显宽于窄的直线段12,13的。上述窄段12,13有利于弯曲环7,同时在压下并张紧在钻孔内时(图4)作为轨边区。
由图3侧视图可见,在环7窄区内底侧上设有凹槽14。这些位于两个窄段12,13上的凹槽14也和窄段那样有利于对环7作屋顶状的弯曲,并且有利于在该区对环料轨边。
图4内示有一个形状适配地嵌接到屋面板1内的紧固件,此时压下的环7以其侧边缘10、11紧贴在侧凹4区内的钻孔2钻孔壁上。在下压环7时,不仅可使环沿弯曲侧10、11产生扩展,而且还在段12,13区内产生扩展。段12,13在压下到支撑圆锥体6上时贴合在该圆锥体上被装配工具15向下,从而是向外被压紧。装配工具15是一个管状件,该工具在间隔套16装到紧固件5上以前被用于将环7压下呈图4所示的形状。随后将间隔环16推入螺杆9上并嵌到钻孔2中,从而达到螺杆9的定心和侧向支承。
图5示有间隔元件17的另一种结构。该间隔元件17的孔和支撑圆锥体6的形状相适配,因而可以进一步压入到钻孔2内贴合在环7的上侧。两种间隔环16,17在此尺寸上设置成,使这些环在钻孔2的开口周边19上有微量突出。
按图6的支撑元件的结构变型具有三段屋顶状拱形环7。这些环段的拱形端部20处于一个平面上并且适合同一个圆直径。因而端部20有三点支承在支撑圆锥体6的锥形外表面上。在压下支撑元件以固定紧固件5在钻孔2内时,将上述三个端部20均匀地折弯到侧凹4中,因而使力的分布较为有利,并使紧固件5在钻孔内定心。
为了将螺栓9固定在屋面板设有侧凹4的孔2内,借助于一个楔入工具将支撑元件7套装在螺栓的支撑圆锥体6上。此后将塑料垫圈21罩住螺栓9的杆,这样定心台阶22就被嵌到屋面板1的钻孔2内。现有借助一个螺母23将塑料垫圈夹紧,使定心台阶22的一个端面压紧在支撑元件7上,还使密封唇部25压紧在屋面板1的外表面上。由定心台阶22的端面24的塑性变形来形成张紧,使支撑元件7持久地压合在支撑圆锥体6上,从而保证其固定可靠。为了补偿不仅是钻孔深度而且是支撑元件高度的误差,塑料垫圈21有一个辅加的凹台26。由此,可以弯曲塑料垫圈21直至贴合到螺母23上。
将屋面板1紧固在一个内部结构的构架27上,该构架例如固定在一个墙壁上,它是通过另一个螺母28来固定的,在该螺母28和螺母23之间将构架27夹紧。
也可以将支撑元件7直接借助于塑料垫圈21和螺母23夹紧在螺栓的支撑圆锥体6上,因而不再需要固定用的楔入工具。

Claims (11)

1、一种由金属构成的紧固件,具有一个螺杆和一个可以插入到钻孔侧凹内的支撑圆锥体,其钻孔具有较浅的钻孔深度,在支撑圆锥体上支撑元件是可以推开的,螺杆通过支撑元件夹紧,特别适合作为屋面板用的紧固件,其特征在于,支撑元件是一个屋顶状拱形、至少是类似于椭圆的金属环(7),其拱形端部(10、11)紧贴在支撑圆锥体(6)的锥形外表面上。
优先权:P4002687.6(90.01.30)
2、按权利要求1的紧固件,其特征在于,环(7)的壁在弯曲区(12,13)内是设置成窄的。
优先权:P4002687.6(90.01.30)
3、按权利要求1或2的紧固件,其特征在于,环(7)的壁在弯曲区具有凹槽(14)。
优先权:P4002687.6(90.01.30)
4、按上述权利要求中任一项的紧固件,其特征在于,环(7)在未被弯曲状态具有一个较大的最大外直径作为在钻孔(2)内的侧凹(4),可将紧固件插入到该钻孔内。
优先权:P4002687.6(90.01.30)
5、一种屋面扳具有至少一个带侧凹的钻孔,插入到该钻孔内有一个按上述权利要求中任一项的紧固件,其特征在于,环(7)被压紧在支撑圆锥体(6)上,并以其在侧凹(4)中的外边缘贴紧在钻孔壁上。
优先权:P4002687.6(90.01.30)
6、按权利要求5的屋面板,其特征在于,在环(7)上面的螺杆(9)上套装一个间隔套(16,17),其外直径等于钻孔(2)的最小直径。
优先权:P4002687.6(90.01.30)
7、按权利要求6的屋面板,其特征在于,间隔套(16,17)一方面支承在支撑圆锥体(6)上或支承在所支撑的环(7)上,而另一方面微量突出在钻孔(2)的开口边缘(19)上。
优先权:P4002687.6(90.01.30)
8、按权利要求1的紧固件,其特征在于,支撑元件至少具有三段屋顶状拱形,其拱形端部(20)处于一个面上,并且适合同一个圆直径。
优先权:P4011229.2(90.04.06)
9、按权利要求1的紧固件,其特征在于,一个塑料垫圈(21)罩住螺杆(9),其放置在屋面板(1)上的边缘设置成密封唇部(25),该塑料垫圈具有一个夹紧到钻孔(2)内并且压在支撑元件(7)上的定心台阶(22),其中支撑元件是被推开在支撑圆锥体(6)上。
优先权:P4030498.1(90.09.26)
10、按权利要求9的紧固件,其特征在于,对置于定心台阶(22)的塑料垫圈(21)的端面设有一个凹台(26)。
优先权:P4030498.1(90.09.26)
11、按权利要求9和10的紧固件,其特征在于,凹台(26)和密封唇部(25)的高度大致相当于塑料垫圈(21)在凹台区的厚度。
优先权:P4030498.1(90.09.26)
CN91100552A 1990-01-30 1991-01-30 紧固件 Ceased CN1020944C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4002687.6 1990-01-30
DEP4011229.2 1990-04-06
DEP4030498.1 1990-09-26
JP2004218895 2004-07-27
JP2004343942 2004-11-29
PCT/JP2005/013716 WO2006011502A1 (ja) 2004-07-27 2005-07-27 新規なグルシトール誘導体、そのプロドラッグおよびその塩、ならびにそれらを含有する糖尿病治療薬

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CN1053827A true CN1053827A (zh) 1991-08-14
CN1020944C CN1020944C (zh) 1993-05-26

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