CN105379526B - Chinese yam is no-tillage ecological cultivation method - Google Patents
Chinese yam is no-tillage ecological cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105379526B CN105379526B CN201510739612.7A CN201510739612A CN105379526B CN 105379526 B CN105379526 B CN 105379526B CN 201510739612 A CN201510739612 A CN 201510739612A CN 105379526 B CN105379526 B CN 105379526B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/34—Nitriles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of no-tillage ecological cultivation methods of Chinese yam, and non-staple food grain industrial land is selected to carry out no-tillage ecological cultivation, and step includes that planting groove, preparation, seed treatment, type of seeding, field management and the harvesting of planting Bag Material etc. is arranged.The present invention ties the Part Methods measure of potato using orientation, the non-staple food grain industrial land such as the forest land using deserted mountain barren hill, low yield nonirrigated farmland and suitable planting Chinese yam, it is not influenced under the ecological environmental condition of ground no-tillage, carry out the Bag Material facility of the intermittent plantation of ornaments Chinese yam and knot potato, Chinese yam rhizome is allowed to complete growth and development process under the good environmental condition of suitable high yield, commodity, its vines free growth under the conditions of not built, it is coexisted with peacefully with other plant, the ecological environment for forming bio-diversity, reduces the use of pesticide.Using this method, the plant development of Chinese yam rhizome bare place can be further widened, is increased farmers' income and food source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese yam cultural method, especially a kind of no-tillage ecological cultivation method of Chinese yam.
Background technique
Chinese yam, (Dioscorea polystachya Turcz.) belong to tuberous plant, have knot potato vertical elongated growth
Characteristic, traditional cultivation plantation and harvesting are required to deep-cut ditch, time-consuming, and commodity is poor, therefore in the past cannot be big in production
Area production development.With social progress and development, the nutritive value of Chinese yam rhizome is constantly excavated, statistics indicate that: Chinese yam block
Contain protein 1.5%, carbohydrate 14.4% in root, and contains the important nutrients such as multivitamin and choline, nutrition
Value is high, and strengthening the spleen and stomach can be played, promote the effect of digestion by taking in right amount, and Chinese yam is processed into various food and enters huge numbers of families,
Increasingly by the approval of people.Therefore, change the cropping pattern of Chinese yam, improving plantation efficiency and improving yield becomes research people
The heat subject of member.
Such as: 1, Chinese patent: a kind of Chinese yam shallowly gives birth to directional cultivation method, application publication number: CN103999652A, open
A kind of Chinese yam shallowly gives birth to directional cultivation method, including potato seed processing, site preparation, be put into shallow raw slot and matrix, basal dressing,
Plantation, field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and etc..The patent solves traditional Chinese yam planting technology and needs zanjon plantation and depth
Digging harvesting,
It is time-consuming, and easily damage the problem of stem tuber.2, Chinese patent application publication No. are as follows: CN1033004414A's
Patent: high-yield cultivation method for yam reaches high yield using following steps: (1) opening hole Ridged plant；(2) it goes back to hole: being returned using six layers
Soil/fertilizer
Mode；(3) it transplants；(4) mode of field management, the base manure of invention enter hole in advance, and each layer base manure interpenetrates, into
One step is made compost, and keeps the soil for growth of Chinese yam loose, and fertility is sufficient, is laid the foundation for Chinese yam high yield.3, Chinese patent application is announced
Number are as follows:
The patent of CN104170605A: a kind of Chinese yam guide groove directional cultivation method, by guide groove, oblique ditch, guide groove mouth, Huaihe River
Mountain seed kind forms at guide groove mouth.Chinese yam stem tuber is just expanded along guide groove orientation elongation.Surface layer 10- is cut out when as long as harvesting Chinese yam
25 centimetres
Soil, after cutting surface layer absorbs root mass, as soon as even guide groove is gently drawn, Chinese yam is out, time saving, saving of labor, laborsaving,
And stem tuber is complete, sells lover.Using Chinese yam guide groove directional cultivation method, a large amount of single bamboo slip used for writing on during ancient times can be consumed, guide groove can Reusability it is more
Year.5, Chinese patent application publication No. are as follows: CN104770236A discloses a kind of Chinese yam guide slot implantation methods, and method is site preparation
Furrow are played, furrow low while height, and gradient is 10-15 degree, and the wide 150cm of furrow face, the high one side height of furrow face is 28cm
~31cm；The routinely basal dressing on furrow is by spacing in the rows 10cm~15cm excavation length along slope direction in furrow face
The slot of 105cm~115cm, puts guide slot in slot, and the method by returning soil, overlay film guides Chinese yam stem tuber using guide slot
In shallow soil layer cross growth, harvesting large labor intensity is solved the problems, such as.
It can be seen that the patent applied above is to reach to solve large labor intensity, condition by making Chinese yam oriented growth
Bad feature is that staple food grain is ploughed using arable land, although the change of cropping pattern improves Chinese yam plantation level, how to examine
Plantation area is widened in worry, while preserving the ecological environment is the next problem faced.
Declarer also orients knot potato cultural method, Authorization Notice No. are as follows: CN1332595C, invention name in invention in 2004
Referred to as: method for cultivating directional fructification yam.This method is promoted and applied in China's most area, joyous by various regions
It meets, obtains
Good effect.But there is still a need for the farming such as tractor to loosen the soil for this method, and hand excavation is then needed to orient knot
The plantation of potato
Slot has some limitations.Meanwhile Chinese soil area is reduced at present, how to be developed non-staple food grain land used and is used for
Chinese yam plantation,
The ecological balance is not influenced simultaneously, reaches sustainable plantation, Z can be continuously maintained water and soil, project shoulders heavy responsibilities.Invention
Person is being granted
On the basis of the patent of invention " method for cultivating directional fructification yam " of power, farming site preparation will be needed originally, taken
Frame draws climing is only limitted to cultivate under the conditions of arable land, according to the former collinus growth characteristics of Chinese yam, and as population growth arable land must
Master must be met
The reality for wanting grain-production widens Chinese yam rhizome plant utilization range, increases urban and rural residents' food source, and invention is originally special
Benefit.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides one kind in the non-no-tillage ecological cultivation method of staple food grain industrial land Chinese yam, solve
The arable land cropping pattern of Chinese yam at present further widens Chinese yam in the plant development of bare place, while being protected by ecological cultivation
Water holding soil balance, final sustainability are increased farmers' income.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of no-tillage ecological cultivation method of Chinese yam, it is preferred that emphasis is non-staple food grain industrial land is selected to carry out the no-tillage ecology of Chinese yam
Cultivation, step include preparation, potato seed processing, type of seeding, field management and the harvesting that planting groove is arranged, plants Bag Material；It is described
Non- staple food grain industrial land are as follows: deserted mountain barren hill, low yield nonirrigated farmland or forest land.
The setting planting groove are as follows: slotted using artificial or small-sized machine, the tool tip shovel mouth of fluting is in semicircle
Shape, 12-13 centimetres of diameter；When fluting, from top to bottom broken ground fluting with semicircle tool, 14-16 lis of depth of planting groove top
Rice, 18-20 centimetres of lower part, last slot bottom are in smooth semicircle；Whole planting groove is horizontal by 10-30 °.
The preparation process of the plantation Bag Material are as follows:
(1) plantation Bag Material mixture: locality or on the spot soil, river (ditch) sand, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer are utilized, it is desirable that soil
It is relatively fine crushing.Soil, river (ditch) are husky in the collocation of 2:1 ratio, every bag of 0.5-1 kilograms of addition organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer 100-150
Gram carry out mixture, it is spare；Organic fertilizer can be using local rich Organic Ingredients, such as bagasse, green mud, seaweed slag, dung polluted water
Urine and other organic fertilizers that can be processed by fermentation or other means, the use of organic fertilizer are main are as follows: it is organic to adjust soil
Matter content is conducive to loosing soil, improves gas permeability, promotes root development；It is 40% that compound fertilizer, which generally uses N-P-K content,
Above compound fertilizer, N-P-K content ratio are 2-4: 1: 1-3.
(2) planting bag is handled: using the plastic foil thickeied, being cut out according to 1.2-1.4 meters long, 45-50 centimetres of width
It cuts,
It is spare.
(3) Bag Material is laid with: spare planting bag being taped against in planting groove first, the good Bag Material of mixture is put into plastic foil
On, it then compresses by two sides plastic foil backrush and with soil above cylindrical, becomes the material bag of Chinese yam knot potato and growth, expect
The top of bag is in the shape of a trumpet.
The potato seed processing are as follows: potato seed is handled 1000 times of dilution agent, the Chinese yam potato seed of sowing is dipped in pre-configured
Medical fluid in, impregnate 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, spare.The potato seed treatment agent formula are as follows: pyraclostrobin 5g+ hymexazol
The above ingredient is added film forming and helped by 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ Bravo 20g+ Nafusaku 0.01g
Agent is processed as kind of a clothing suspending agent.The above potato seed inorganic agent principal component be pyraclostrobin and Bravo, hymexazol, it is true to native transmissibility
It is fungus diseases, thin
Fungus diseases have good control efficiency, and invade Chinese yam potato seed from bad germ using potato seed packaging technique
Evil, and inventor promotes ingredient repeated screening to nutrition simultaneously, finally determining butyric acid potassium and Nafusaku are to promotion Huaihe River
Mountain root growth has good effect.After coating, medical fluid is in the uniform coating of potato seed, for a long time holding drug effect.
The sowing are as follows:
(1) planting structure distribution are as follows: by 1-1.2 meters of potato slot length of plantation knot, 0.5-0.6 meters of spacing in the rows, 2-2.5 meters of line-spacing,
Planting number per acre, depending on low yield arable land, hillside fields or mountainous region and varieties of plant, general low yield is ploughed 500-600 plants, mountain
Ground 300-400 plants is laid out.
(2) the Chinese yam potato seed through handling well is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then the mulching soil 5-7 in potato seed
Centimetre.
(3) in the top two sides of orientation knot potato material bag, setting utilizes " water-storage reservoir " each one of natural rainfall, and " library " is deep
It loosens the soil 20 centimetres or so, 20-30 centimetres of width, often discharges 50 grams or so of compound fertilizer in " library " interior soil.
The field management are as follows: allow it to grow naturally, growth period is filled the gaps with seedlings it is noted that looking into seedling, guarantees neat robust seedling seedling；Growth
Mid-term sees that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer；Pay attention to preventing livestock from trampling damage.
The harvesting are as follows: harvested according to the maturity of different geographical different cultivars and market demand arrangement, when harvesting, will be moulded
Material is opened, and potato wedge is directly carefully taken out to listing.
The basic principle of this method, be using orientation knot potato Part Methods measure, using deserted mountain barren hill, low yield nonirrigated farmland and
The non-staple food grain industrial land such as the forest land of suitable planting Chinese yam, it is no-tillage do not influence ground ecological environmental condition under, carry out intermittent
The Bag Material facility for furnishing Chinese yam plantation with knot potato allows Chinese yam rhizome to complete growth under the good environmental condition of suitable high yield, commodity
Growth course, vines free growth under the conditions of not built coexist with peacefully with other plant, form the ecology of bio-diversity
Environment reduces the use of pesticide.Using this method, the plant development of Chinese yam rhizome bare place can be further widened, increases agriculture
People's income and food source.
In conclusion beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the no-tillage ecological cultivation method of this Chinese yam mainly carries out Chinese yam cultivation in non-staple food grain land used, does not influence ground no-tillage
Under the ecological environmental condition of face, the Bag Material facility of the intermittent plantation of ornaments Chinese yam and knot potato is carried out, allows Chinese yam rhizome in suitable high yield, quotient
Complete growth and development process under the good environmental condition of moral character, vines free growth under the conditions of not built, with other plant and
Flat coexistence, forms the ecological environment of bio-diversity, reduces the use of pesticide.Using this method, Chinese yam can be further widened
The plant development of medicine bare place, increases farmers' income and food source.
2, the no-tillage ecological cultivation method of this Chinese yam uses planting bag method, allows Chinese yam growth and development in planting bag, the party
Method does not influence the Reproductive development of surrounding ecologic biological, while increasing a kind of plantation of crop, for enriching local environment
It is helpful.
3, after the no-tillage ecological cultivation method use kind clothing suspending agent of Chinese yam of the invention is to Chinese yam potato seed Cotton seeds, underground
It is not invaded and harassed by disease, is conducive to strengthening root strong sprout, have greatest help for improving Chinese yam yield；This seed treatment agent prescription is by meticulous
Screening collocation, there is strong protective action not only for underground disease, and the disease that ground occurs also has stronger pre- preventive effect
Fruit is generally not required to be conducive to conservation of nature environment with pesticide again in Chinese yam the middle and late growth stage by many years confirmatory experiment.
Specific embodiment
Inventor leads development teams to carry out the application of the technology of the present invention in national many places, until in June, 2015,
More than 3000 mu of popularizing area altogether, achieves biggish achievement, illustrates that the present invention has stronger application value.
Embodiment 1:
Enforcement place: wasteland at one by the paddy field of Guangxi Qinzhou Lingshan County
Geographical features: throughout the year weedy, soil fertility is poor
Implementation steps:
One, planting groove is set: local resident peasant household being convened to slot, when fluting, is from top to bottom broken with semicircle tool
Soil is opened
Slot, 14-16 centimetres of depth of planting groove top, 18-20 centimetres of lower part, last slot bottom are in smooth semicircle；It is whole
Planting groove is horizontal by 10-30 °.
Two, the preparation process of Bag Material is planted are as follows:
(1) local soil fine crushing, river (ditch) sand, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, soil: river plantation Bag Material mixture: are utilized
(ditch) is husky by the collocation of 2:1 ratio, 1 kilogram of every bag of addition bagasse and green mud (mixing ratio 1: 1), compound fertilizer (NPK15:
7: 20) 150 gram progress mixture, it is spare.
(2) planting bag is handled: using the plastic foil thickeied, being cut, is served as according to long 1.2 meters, wide 45 centimetres
Planting Chinese yam potato seed position two sides respectively cut off 3-4 centimetres of gable, spare.
(3) Bag Material is laid with: spare planting bag being taped against in planting groove first, the good Bag Material of mixture is put into plastic foil
On, it then compresses by two sides plastic foil backrush and with soil above cylindrical, becomes Chinese yam knot potato and growth
Material bag, material
The top of bag is in the shape of a trumpet.
Three, potato seed is handled: prepare or buy the kind clothing suspending agent combined as following formula first: pyraclostrobin 5g+ dislikes mould
The above ingredient is added and forms a film by clever 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ Bravo 20g+ Nafusaku 0.01g
Auxiliary agent is processed as
Kind clothing suspending agent.Potato seed is handled 1000 times of dilution agent, the Chinese yam potato seed of sowing is dipped in pre-configured medicine
In liquid, leaching
Bubble 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, spare.
Four, it sows:
(1) planting structure distribution are as follows: by 1-1.2 meters of potato slot length of plantation knot, 0.5-0.6 meters of spacing in the rows, 2-2.5 meters of line-spacing,
500-600 plants of layouts per acre.
(2) the Chinese yam potato seed through handling well is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then the mulching soil 5-7 in potato seed
Centimetre.
(3) in the top two sides of orientation knot potato material bag, setting utilizes " water-storage reservoir " each one of natural rainfall, and " library " is deep
It loosens the soil 20 centimetres or so, 20-30 centimetres of width, often discharges 50 grams or so of compound fertilizer in " library " interior soil.
Five, field management: allowing it to grow naturally in principle, does not need artificial more interventions；It fills the gaps with seedlings it should be noted that looking into seedling,
Guarantee neat robust seedling seedling；Growth medium sees that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer；Pay attention to preventing livestock from trampling damage.
Six, it harvests: being harvested according to the maturity of different geographical different cultivars and market demand arrangement, when harvesting, by plastics
It opens, directly carefully taking out potato wedge can list.
This plot attempts to cultivate Chinese yam in wasteland for the first time, and final per mu yield 621.5kg, condition is good, and commercially available price is than tradition
0.2 yuan of mean height of plantation.
Embodiment 2:
Enforcement place: dry land at Jinan City, Shandong Province Jiyang County one
Geographical features: crops are not planted within existing 3 years, soil fertility is poor
Implementation steps:
One, in May, 2012 comes into effect this technology.Planting groove is built first: from top to bottom being broken ground out with semicircle tool
Slot,
15 centimetres of planting groove top depth, 19 centimetres of lower part, last slot bottom are in smooth semicircle；Whole planting groove with
Horizontal plane is in
10-30°。
Two, the preparation process of Bag Material is planted are as follows:
(1) plantation Bag Material mixture: using local soil, river (ditch) sand, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, soil: river (ditch) is husky
It arranges in pairs or groups in 2:1 ratio, 0.5 kilogram decomposed of chicken manure of every bag of addition, 100 grams of compound fertilizer (NPK20: 10: 15) are mixed
Match, it is spare.
(2) planting bag is handled: using the 5C plastic foil thickeied, being cut, is used according to long 1.4 meters, wide 50 centimetres
Make in planting Chinese yam potato seed position two sides and respectively cuts off 3-4 centimetres of gable, it is spare.
(3) Bag Material is laid with: spare planting bag being taped against in planting groove first, the good Bag Material of mixture is put into plastic foil
On, it then compresses by two sides plastic foil backrush and with soil above cylindrical, becomes the material bag of Chinese yam knot potato and growth, expect
The top of bag is in the shape of a trumpet.
Three, potato seed is handled: prepare or buy the kind clothing suspending agent combined as following formula first: pyraclostrobin 5g+ dislikes mould
Coalescing agent processing is added in the above ingredient by clever 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ Bravo 20g+ Nafusaku 0.01g
For kind of a clothing suspending agent.Potato seed is handled 1000 times of dilution agent, the Chinese yam potato seed of sowing is dipped in pre-configured medical fluid,
It impregnates 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, spare.
Four, it sows:
(1) planting structure distribution are as follows: by 1.1 meters of potato slot length of plantation knot, 0.5-0.6 meters of spacing in the rows, 2-2.5 meters of line-spacing, often
550 plants of layouts of mu.
(2) the Chinese yam potato seed through handling well is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then the mulching soil 5-7 in potato seed
Centimetre.
(3) in the top two sides of orientation knot potato material bag, setting utilizes " water-storage reservoir " each one of natural rainfall, and " library " is deep
It loosens the soil 20 centimetres or so, 20-30 centimetres of width, often discharges 50 grams or so of compound fertilizer in " library " interior soil.
Five, field management: allowing it to grow naturally in principle, does not need artificial more interventions；It fills the gaps with seedlings it should be noted that looking into seedling,
Guarantee neat robust seedling seedling；Growth medium sees that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer；Pay attention to preventing livestock from trampling damage.
Six, it harvests: being harvested according to the maturity of different geographical different cultivars and market demand arrangement, when harvesting, by plastics
It opens, directly carefully taking out potato wedge can list.
Finally survey and produce when harvesting October: per mu yield 591.2kg, condition are good；Inventor carries out in the plot simultaneously
Cropping pattern year after year, per mu yield 648.6kg in 2013, per mu yield 750.2kg in 2014 create good economic benefit, are working as
Ground
Achieve preferable promotional value.
Embodiment 3:
Enforcement place: Guangxi Qinzhou Lingshan County mountainous region
Geographical features: development in 2013 is implemented, and to plant eucalyptus in the year before last, soil fertility is poor within 2012
Implementation steps:
One, it builds planting groove: local resident peasant household being convened to slot, when fluting, from top to bottom broken ground with semicircle tool
Fluting,
14-15 centimetres of depth of planting groove top, 19 centimetres of lower part, last slot bottom are in smooth semicircle；Whole plantation
Slot is horizontal by 10-30 °.
Two, the preparation process of Bag Material is planted are as follows:
(1) plantation Bag Material mixture: using local soil, river (ditch) sand, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, soil: river (ditch) is husky
It arranges in pairs or groups in 2:1 ratio, 120 grams of every bag of 1 kilogram of addition organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer progress mixtures are spare.
(2) planting bag is handled: using the plastic foil thickeied, being cut, is served as according to long 1.3 meters, wide 48 centimetres
Planting Chinese yam potato seed position two sides respectively cut off 3-4 centimetres of gable, spare.
(3) Bag Material is laid with: spare planting bag being taped against in planting groove first, the good Bag Material of mixture is put into plastic foil
On, it then compresses by two sides plastic foil backrush and with soil above cylindrical, becomes the material bag of Chinese yam knot potato and growth, expect
The top of bag is in the shape of a trumpet.
Three, potato seed is handled: prepare or buy the kind clothing suspending agent combined as following formula first: pyraclostrobin 5g+ dislikes mould
Coalescing agent processing is added in the above ingredient by clever 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ Bravo 20g+ Nafusaku 0.01g
For kind of a clothing suspending agent.Potato seed is handled 1000 times of dilution agent, the Chinese yam potato seed of sowing is dipped in pre-configured medical fluid,
It impregnates 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, spare.
Four, it sows:
(1) planting structure distribution are as follows: by 1.2 meters of potato slot length of plantation knot, 0.5 meter of spacing in the rows, 2 meters of line-spacing, 300-400 per acre
Strain layout.
(2) the Chinese yam potato seed through handling well is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then the mulching soil 5-7 in potato seed
Centimetre.
(3) in the top two sides of orientation knot potato material bag, setting utilizes " water-storage reservoir " each one of natural rainfall, and " library " is deep
It loosens the soil 20 centimetres or so, 20-30 centimetres of width, often discharges 50 grams or so of compound fertilizer in " library " interior soil.
Five, field management: allowing it to grow naturally in principle, does not need artificial more interventions；It fills the gaps with seedlings it should be noted that looking into seedling,
Guarantee neat robust seedling seedling；Growth medium sees that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer；Pay attention to preventing livestock from trampling damage.
Six, it harvests: being harvested according to the maturity of different geographical different cultivars and market demand arrangement, when harvesting, by plastics
It opens, directly carefully taking out potato wedge can list.
Final Chinese yam in 2013 surveys per mu yield 355kg at this in mountainous region, continue within 2014 later to expand popularizing area extremely
200 mu, average yield per mu 376.3kg.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of no-tillage ecological cultivation method of Chinese yam, it is characterised in that: non-staple food grain industrial land is selected to carry out the no-tillage life of Chinese yam
State cultivation, step include preparation, potato seed processing, type of seeding, field management and the harvesting that planting groove is arranged, plants Bag Material；Institute
State non-staple food grain industrial land are as follows: deserted mountain barren hill, low yield nonirrigated farmland or forest land；
The setting planting groove are as follows: slotted using artificial or small-sized machine, when fluting, from top to bottom broken with semicircle tool
Soil fluting, 14-16 centimetres of depth of planting groove top, 18-20 centimetres of lower part, last slot bottom are in smooth semicircle；Whole plantation
Slot is horizontal by 10-30 °；
The preparation process of the plantation Bag Material are as follows:
(1) local soil, river sand or ditch sand, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer plantation Bag Material mixture: are utilized, it is desirable that soil is relatively fine crushing,
Soil, river sand or ditch sand are arranged in pairs or groups in 2:1 ratio, 100-150 grams of every bag of 0.5-1 kilograms of addition organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer progress mixture,
It is spare；
(2) planting bag is handled: using the plastic foil thickeied, being cut according to 1.2-1.4 meters long, 45-50 centimetres of width；It serves as
Planting Chinese yam potato seed position two sides respectively cut off 3-4 centimetres of gable, spare；
(3) Bag Material is laid with: spare planting bag being taped against in planting groove first, the good Bag Material of mixture is put on plastic foil, so
It compresses afterwards by two sides plastic foil backrush and with soil above cylindrical, becomes the material bag of Chinese yam knot potato and growth, material bag
Top is in the shape of a trumpet；
The potato seed processing are as follows: potato seed is handled 1000 times of dilution agent, the Chinese yam potato seed of sowing is dipped in pre-configured medicine
In liquid, impregnate 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, spare；
The potato seed treatment agent formula are as follows: pyraclostrobin 5g+ hymexazol 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ Bravo 20g+ naphthalene
Above ingredient addition coalescing agent is processed as kind of a clothing suspending agent by sodium acetate 0.01g；
The type of seeding are as follows:
(1) planting structure distribution are as follows: by 1-1.2 meters of potato slot length of plantation knot, 0.5-0.6 meters of spacing in the rows, 2-2.5 meters of line-spacing, plant per acre
Quantity, depending on low yield arable land, hillside fields or mountainous region and varieties of plant, low yield is ploughed 500-600 plants, mountainous region 300-400 plants into
Row layout；
(2) the Chinese yam potato seed through handling well is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then 5-7 centimetres of mulching soil in potato seed；
(3) in the top two sides of orientation knot potato material bag, setting utilizes " water-storage reservoir " each one of natural rainfall, and " water-storage reservoir " is deep
It loosens the soil 20 centimetres or so, 20-30 centimetres of width, often discharges 50 grams or so of compound fertilizer in " water-storage reservoir " interior soil.
2. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the field management are as follows: allow it
Naturally it grows, growth period is filled the gaps with seedlings it is noted that looking into seedling, guarantees neat robust seedling seedling；Growth medium sees that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer；Pay attention to anti-
Only livestock tramples damage.
3. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the harvesting are as follows: according to difference
The maturity of region different cultivars and market demand arrangement harvesting, when harvestings, plastics are opened, directly carefully take out potato wedge
City.
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| CN105850440A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-17 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Directional tuberization method for ecologically planting common yam rhizomes in ground-soil ridges |
| CN109169108A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-11 | 泉州市农业科学研究所 | A kind of Chinese yam breeding method |
| CN109744115A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-14 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of method of quick harvest Bag Material planting Chinese yam French fries |
| CN111869528A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-11-03 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Overhead potato-bearing cultivation method for Chinese yam overhead planting |
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| CN100576994C (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2010-01-06 | 云南农业大学 | Yam hardground oblique pond planting method |
| JP4977832B2 (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2012-07-18 | 静岡市農業協同組合 | Cultivation method of mountain foot |
| CN103609290A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-05 | 韦本辉 | Method for cultivating yams in bagged soil in mountainous regions |
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