CN109429956A

CN109429956A - A kind of method of the high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in the north

Info

Publication number: CN109429956A
Application number: CN201710746943.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈耀辉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-08-28
Filing date: 2017-08-28
Publication date: 2019-03-08

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of method of high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in the north, its feature includes: A, utilizes forest land or milpa progress konjaku intercropping culture, per acre use decomposed manure 1-2 tons, after then spreading fertilizer over the fields 100 jin of progress soil disinfections of quick lime per acre, turned over it is smooth；B, konjaku seed disinfection；C, it is tiltedly planted using ridge culture, the high 20-30cm of konjaku ridge, the wide 20-25cm in ridge face, makees 3-5 row konjaku between 3-5 meters of forest belt, or in the ranks make 1-2 row konjaku in corn, seed southern exposure tilts 45 degree；D, classifying seed is carried out, planting density is line-spacing with 6-8 times of ganoid konjaku taro diameter；It with 4-5 times of diameter is spacing in the rows with ganoid konjaku taro, 15-20 centimeters of earthing.The technical solution that the present invention takes, the increasing degree of alternating forest land cultivation konjaku is (on the basis of original seed) 3-7 times, and per mu yield improves 20% or more forest land utilization efficiency up to 3000 jin or more, mu increases 2000 yuan of economic benefit or more, has effectively widened the utilization ways in forest land.

Description

A kind of method of the high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in the north

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of methods of the high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in north, belong to cultivation of plants method and technology Field is particularly suitable for carrying out konjaku intercropping culture in northern forest land or milpa.

Background technique

Konjak corm contains higher organic Glucomannan, is a kind of soluble hemicellulose, has gel, the performances such as plastic With significant weight-reducing, lipid-loweringing, hypoglycemic effect, it is more to can be used for food industry, chemical industry, medical industry, agricultural, environmental protection etc. A field, as the value of konjaku product is increasingly paid attention to by market, konjaku plantation at present is in Yangtze river basin large area exhibition It opens, with the increasingly increase of konjaku demand, the konjaku of south plantation cannot meet the market demand again, but due to konjaku nature Reproduction speed is slow, is not suitable for adjusting the factors such as kind, standardized planting and administrative skill shortage at a distance, causes konjaku in northern China Area plantation is severely limited, to influence the northerly development of konjaku.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of the high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in north, to expand the kind of konjaku Growing area domain promotes northern agricultural restructuring, improves the utilization rate in existing soil, widen forest economy evolutionary path.

The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows: the method for this high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in the north, special Sign includes:

A, konjaku intercropping culture is carried out using forest land or milpa, uses decomposed manure 1-2 tons (3 side) per acre, then After spreading fertilizer over the fields 100 jin of progress soil disinfections of quick lime per acre, turned over it is smooth；

B, konjaku seed disinfection, select 75% Bravo wettable powder 500 again with 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 1500 times of agent mixed liquor seed soaking son 30 minutes；Or 20 kilograms of seed soaking 30-60 points are watered using the agricultural streptomycin of 10,000,000 units Clock, or soaked seed 30 minutes using 5% liquor potassic permanganate, it is sowed again after drying；

C, it is tiltedly planted using ridge culture, the high 20-30cm of konjaku ridge, the wide 20-25cm in ridge face, makees 3-5 row evil spirit between 3-5 meters of forest belt Taro, or in the ranks make 1-2 row konjaku in corn, seed southern exposure tilts 45 degree；

D, classifying seed is carried out, planting density is line-spacing with 6-8 times of ganoid konjaku taro diameter；It with 4-5 times of diameter is strain with ganoid konjaku taro Away from 15-20 centimeters of earthing.

The method of the high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in the north, it is on the ridge of milpa that ridge culture described in step C, which is tiltedly planted, Back kind konjaku, furrow kind corn, Row spacing of maize 130-150cm.

The method of the high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in the north, when classifying seed described in step D, ganoid konjaku taro 50 grams with Under, 25 centimeters of line-spacing, mu plants 5500-7500 plants；Ganoid konjaku taro at 200-400 grams, line-spacing 500-605cm, spacing in the rows 40-45cm, plant by mu 1600-2800 plants.

The method of the high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in the north, after the late June emergence after konjaku plantation, every The 10-15 days pre- disease preventions of spray are watered 30 kilograms of sprinklings for the first time using the agricultural streptomycin of 10,000,000 units, for the second time with 75% Bravo wettable powder 500 is used with 72% sulphur streptomysin wettable powder, 4000 times of mixed liquors again, and liquid medicine jet is in blade The back side, allow liquid medicine to flow to root along stalk.

The method of the high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak in the north, the konjaku cultivated the withered lodging of leaf portion 10 days in autumn Fine day harvest afterwards, 250 grams or less konjakus of harvest are dried to epidermis brown, when water content reduces 15-20%, in temperature 5-9 DEG C it is conducive under the environmental condition of ventilation, carries out seed sand storage or store sth. in a cellar storage.

The technical solution that the present invention takes, the increasing degree of alternating forest land cultivation konjaku are (on the basis of original seed) 3-7 times, mu Yield improves 20% or more forest land utilization efficiency up to 3000 jin or more, and mu increases 2000 yuan of economic benefit or more, effectively widened woods The utilization ways on ground.Corn konjaku intercropping culture is carried out by the above process, and konjaku increasing degree is on the basis of original cultivates weight Increase 5-8 times, konjaku per mu yield is 5000 jin, 3000 yuan of net income, relatively plants grain merely and increases economic efficiency 2 times or more. The present invention has explored work (interplanting) efficiency cultivation technology for high between suitable North China's grain, woods taro, fruit taro, expands konjaku plantation Region makes konjaku plantation move northward more than 1000 kilometers, improves land resources utilization rate 10--20%, there is not been reported for this method.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1, northern com/konjak cultivation

(1) damp sand soil property is selected, farmyard manure is then prepared enough, applies decomposed manure 1-2 tons or 3 sides per acre；

(2) 100 jin of quick lime are spread fertilizer over the fields per acre, are then deep ploughed whole thin；

(3) ridging standard, the ridge back kind konjaku of milpa, furrow kind corn, cultivated maize line-spacing 130-150cm, work 1-2 row konjaku, the high 20-30cm of konjaku ridge, the wide 20-25cm in ridge face, Root growth can achieve draining, soil moisture conservation, increase gas, diseases prevention Purpose；

(4) select without wound, do kind of a use without konjaku rotten, that bud nest is good, select 75% Bravo wettable powder 500 again with The seed soaking of 72% 1500 times of agricultural streptomycin wettable powder mixed liquor 30 minutes；Or the agricultural streptomycin using 10,000,000 units 20 kilograms of seed soaking 30-60 minutes are watered, are cultivated after the excessive moisture that dries in the air；

(5) late April to mid-May is sowed, and the lower 10 centimetres of ground temperature of earth's surface is pressed in sowing, starts to broadcast when reaching 15 DEG C in one week Kind；

(6) terminal bud southern exposure and 40 degree of inclination or more, want earthing 15-20cm when sowing above seed, reach soil moisturizing work With；

(7) chemical weed control, in order to not influence konjaku growth, uses non agricultural chemical residuum before emergence since konjaku root is than shallower Agent of hoeing up weeds, such as the drug of hundred meet, the suitable corn of glyphosate is hoed up weeds agent carries out chemical weed control；

(8) prevention of damage by disease, it is primary every 10-15 days sprays after konjaku late June emerges successively, with 10,000,000 units Agricultural streptomycin is watered 30 kilograms, sprays successively three times, and liquid medicine jet allows edge after liquid medicine spray head plant at the back side of blade when spray Stalk flow to root.

(9) live effect carries out grain intercropping culture by the above process, and konjaku increasing degree is on the basis of former cultivation weight Upper 5-8 times of growth, konjaku per mu yield are 5000 jin, and 3000 yuan of net income, corn takes in 685 yuan (0.82 yuan of unit prices), more merely Plantation grain is increased economic efficiency 2 times or more.

Embodiment 2 makees konjaku using being not suitable within 3 years or more planting between the forest belt (poplar) of grain

Repeat seed disinfection, cultivation, harvest, the diseases prevention operating process of example 1.Difference place is:

(1) forest land will use the side's 3-4 decomposed manure；

(2) line-spacing in 3 meters of forest belt, 3 row konjaku of Root growth, the line-spacing that 5 meters of forest belt, 4 row konjaku of Root growth, konjaku ridge High 20-30cm, the wide 20-25cm in ridge face；

It (3) is idle land between making full use of line-spacing as konjaku between forest belt, in kind of a position Ridged plant for 1 meter or so of tree planting Konjaku avoids the superficial roots of injury trees；

(4) alternating forest land cultivation konjaku, certain to select depth of defilade in 60%-80% environmental condition, poplar can block directly for konjaku Sun, konjaku utilize forest land organic nutrition abundant；

(5) increasing degree of alternating forest land cultivation konjaku is, increases 3-7 times on the basis of original seed, per mu yield up to 3000 jin with On, 20% or more forest land utilization efficiency is improved, mu increases 2000 yuan of economic benefit or more, effectively widened the utilization ways in forest land.

Embodiment 3, the orchard intercropping konjaku for being not suitable for planting grain using 5 years or more

(1) orchard cultivation is made between being carried out according to fruiter crown diameter size, 4 meters of line-spacing of plum garden, and a 3 row konjakus of work are It can；

(2) orchard intercropping konjaku has to the plantation of each row, reserves the operations rows such as fruit tree spray, picking management, interlacing into Make between row konjaku, i.e., can only plant konjaku using 50% plum (pears) line-spacing；

(3) prevention of damage by disease, using 75% Bravo wettable powder 500 again with 72% sulphur streptomysin wettable powder 4000 times of mixed liquors use, and liquid medicine jet allows liquid medicine to flow to root along stalk at the back side of blade；

(4) cultivation effect is planted by scientific and reasonable collocation, and while fruit tree growth is not affected by influence, konjaku increases Amplitude increases 3-7 times in original basis, and 1500-2500 kilograms of average yield per mu konjaku, economic benefit is up to 3000 yuan or more.It mentions simultaneously 10% or more utilization rate in high soil.

Make in addition to above example between northern konjaku in above-described embodiment, further includes plantation of almond trees, jujube garden, apple orchard, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers etc. High culm plant.

Foregoing description is only proposed as the north enforceable technical solution of high culm plant intercropping and cultivating konjak, not as to it The single restrictive condition of method itself.

Claims

1. a kind of method of intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant, feature include:

A, konjaku intercropping culture is carried out using milpa, uses decomposed manure 1-2 tons per acre, then spreads fertilizer over the fields quick lime per acre After 100 jin of progress soil disinfections, turned over it is smooth；

B, konjaku seed disinfection, select 75% Bravo wettable powder 500 again with 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 1500 times of mixed liquor seed soaking are 30 minutes sub；Or 20 kilograms of seed soaking 30-60 minutes are watered using the agricultural streptomycin of 10,000,000 units, Or soaked seed 30 minutes using 5% liquor potassic permanganate, it is sowed again after drying；

C, it is tiltedly planted using ridge culture: in the ridge of milpa back kind konjaku, furrow kind corn, the high 20-30cm of konjaku ridge, the wide 20- in ridge face 25cm, Row spacing of maize 130-150cm in the ranks make 1-2 row konjaku in corn, and seed southern exposure tilts 45 degree；

D, carry out classifying seed: planting density is line-spacing with 6-8 times of ganoid konjaku taro diameter；4-5 times with ganoid konjaku taro diameter is spacing in the rows, earthing 15-20 centimeters；After the emergence of konjaku late June, every the 10-15 days pre- disease preventions of spray, using the agricultural chain of 10,000,000 units Mycin is watered 30 kilograms of sprinklings for the first time, and second wettable with 72% sulphur streptomysin again with 75% Bravo wettable powder 500 Property 4000 times of mixed liquors of pulvis, liquid medicine jet allow liquid medicine to flow to root along stem at the back side of blade；The konjaku cultivated is in autumn Fine day harvest after the withered lodging of leaf portion 10 days, 250 grams or less konjakus of harvest are dried to epidermis brown, and water content reduces 15- When 20%, in the case where 5-9 DEG C of temperature is conducive to the environmental condition of ventilation, carries out sand storage or store sth. in a cellar storage.