CN105379526A - Non-tillage ecological cultivation method for Chinese yams - Google Patents
Non-tillage ecological cultivation method for Chinese yams Download PDFInfo
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- CN105379526A CN105379526A CN201510739612.7A CN201510739612A CN105379526A CN 105379526 A CN105379526 A CN 105379526A CN 201510739612 A CN201510739612 A CN 201510739612A CN 105379526 A CN105379526 A CN 105379526A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/34—Nitriles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-tillage ecological cultivation method for Chinese yams. A field which is not used for the staple food grain production purpose is selected for conducting non-tillage ecological cultivation, and the method comprises the steps of plantation groove arrangement, plantation bag material preparation, seed treatment, sowing method confirmation, field management, harvesting and the like. According to the method, part of the method measures of oriented tuberization and the field which is not used for the staple food grain production purpose such as a waste slope of a waste mountain, low-yielding dry land and forest land which is suitable for Chinese yam plantation are utilized, under the non-tillage condition that the ground ecological environment is not influenced, bag material facilities for Chinese yam plantation and tuberization are arranged at intervals, the Chinese yams can complete the growing and development process in an environmental condition which is suitable for high yield and good in marketability, stems and vines of the Chinese yams grow freely under the condition that racks are not put up, the Chinese yams coexist with other plants peacefully, the ecological environment with biodiversity is formed, and use of pesticide is reduced. By means of the method, uncultivated-area type plantation and production of the Chinese yams can be further broadened, and income and food sources of farmers are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mountain, a kind of Huaihe River cultivation method, the particularly no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, a kind of Huaihe River.
Background technology
Huai Shan, (
dioscoreapolystachyaturcz.) belong to tuberous plant, have knot potato vertical elongated growth characteristics, traditional cultivation is planted and gathered all to be needed to deep-cut ditch, time-consuming, and commodity is poor, can not large area production development on therefore passing by produce.Along with progress and the development of society, the nutritive value of Chinese yam rhizome is constantly excavated, data show: containing protein 1.5% in the block root of mountain, Huaihe River, carbohydrate 14.4%, and containing the important nutrient such as multivitamin and choline, be of high nutritive value, take the effect that can play strengthening the spleen and stomach, short digestion in right amount, Huai Shan is processed into various food and enters huge numbers of families, is more and more subject to the accreditation of people.Therefore, change the cropping pattern of Huai Shan, improve plantation efficiency and improve the heat subject that output becomes researcher.
As: 1, Chinese patent: the shallow raw directional cultivation method in mountain, a kind of Huaihe River, application publication number: CN103999652A, disclose the shallow raw directional cultivation method in mountain, a kind of Huaihe River, comprise potato seed process, whole, put into the steps such as shallow raw groove and matrix, basal dressing, plantation, field management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.This patent solve mountain, traditional Huaihe River planting technology need zanjon to plant and deep-cut gather, time-consuming, and very easily damage a difficult problem for stem tuber.2, Chinese patent application publication No. is: the patent of CN1033004414A: high-yield cultivation method for yam adopts following steps to reach high yield: (1) opens hole Ridged plant; (2) hole is gone back to: adopt six layers to return soil/fertile mode; (3) plant; (4) pattern of field management, the base manure of invention enters hole in advance, and each layer base manure interpenetrates, and makes compost further, and the soil for growth of Huai Shan is loosened, and fertility is sufficient, for mountain, Huaihe River high yield lays the first stone.3, Chinese patent application publication No. is: the patent of CN104170605A: mountain, a kind of Huaihe River guide groove directional cultivation method, and by guide groove, oblique ditch, guide groove mouth, mountain, Huaihe River seed form at guide groove mouth place.Mountain, Huaihe River stem tuber just extends along guide groove orientation and expands.As long as cut out the earth of top layer 10-25 centimetre during results mountain, Huaihe River, cut off after top layer absorbs root mass, connect guide groove and one draw gently, Huai Shan just out, to save time, saving of labor, laborsaving, and stem tuber is complete, sells lover.Adopt mountain, Huaihe River guide groove directional cultivation method, a large amount of single bamboo slip used for writing on during ancient times can be consumed, guide groove can Reusability for many years.5, Chinese patent application publication No. is: CN104770236A, discloses mountain, a kind of Huaihe River guide slot implantation methods, and method is play furrow wholely, and furrow are high low, and its gradient is 10-15 degree, furrow face width 150cm, and the high one side height in furrow face is 28cm ~ 31cm; Basal dressing routinely on furrow, furrow face is the groove of 105cm ~ 115cm along direction, slope by spacing in the rows 10cm ~ 15cm excavation length, guide slot is put in groove, by returning the method for soil, overlay film, utilize guide slot to guide mountain, Huaihe River stem tuber in shallow soil layer cross growth, solve the problem that labour intensity of gathering is large.
Can find out that the patent of above application is all solve by making mountain, Huaihe River directional growth reach the feature that labour intensity is large, product are mutually bad; use and plough as staple food grain is ploughed; although the change of cropping pattern improves Huai Shan plantation level; but how to consider to widen plantation area, preserving the ecological environment is the next difficult problem faced simultaneously.
Declarer is also in invention directed knot potato cultivation method in 2004, and Authorization Notice No. is: CN1332595C, and denomination of invention is: method for cultivating directional fructification yam.The method is applied in China's most area, is subject to various places and welcomes, obtain good effect.But the method still needs the farming such as tractor to loosen the soil, then need the planting groove of hand excavation's orientation knot potato, have some limitations.Meanwhile, current Chinese soil area reduces, and how to develop non-staple food grain land used and plants for Huai Shan, does not affect the ecological balance simultaneously, reaches sustainable plantation, sustainablely conserves water and soil, and problem shoulders heavy responsibilities.Inventor is on the basis of the patent of invention be authorized " method for cultivating directional fructification yam ", by originally needed farming whole, built draws climing, cultivate under being only limitted to arable land condition, according to the collinus growth characteristics of Huaihe River mountain plateau, with the reality that must meet main food production of ploughing along with population growth, widen Chinese yam rhizome plant utilization scope, increase urban and rural residents' food source, invention this patent.
Summary of the invention
For above problem, the invention provides a kind of at the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, non-staple food grain industrial land Huaihe River, solve the arable land cropping pattern of current Huai Shan, widen the plant development of Huai Shan at uncultivated area further, to be conserved water and soil balance by ecological cultivation, final sustainability is increased farmers' income simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The no-tillage ecological cultivation method in a kind of mountain, Huaihe River, focuses on selecting non-staple food grain industrial land to carry out the no-tillage ecological cultivation of Huai Shan, step comprise arrange planting groove, plantation Bag Material preparation, seed treatment, type of seeding, field management and gather; Described non-staple food grain industrial land is: deserted mountain barren hill, low yield nonirrigated farmland or forest land.
The described planting groove that arranges is: adopt artificial or small-sized machine to slot, the tool tip shovel mouth semicircular in shape of fluting, diameter 12-13 centimetre; During fluting, from top to bottom to break ground fluting with semicircle instrument, planting groove top degree of depth 14-16 centimetre, bottom 18-20 centimetre, last bottom land is smooth semicircle; Whole piece planting groove is horizontal by 10-30 °.
The preparation process of described plantation Bag Material is:
(1) Bag Material mixture is planted: utilization locality or on the spot soil, river (ditch) sand, fertilizer and composite fertilizer, require that soil is relatively in small, broken bits.Soil, river (ditch) sand are in the collocation of 2:1 ratio, and every bag of interpolation fertilizer 0.5-1 kilogram, composite fertilizer 100-150 gram carry out mixture, for subsequent use; Fertilizer can adopt local rich Organic Ingredients, as bagasse, green mud, marine alga slag, people and animals' fecaluria and other can by fermentation or other means processing and fertilizer, the use of fertilizer is mainly: regulate soil organic matter content, be conducive to loosing soil, improve gas permeability, promote root development; Composite fertilizer generally use N-P-K content be more than 40% composite fertilizer, N-P-K content ratio is 2-4:1:1-3.
(2) planting bag process: adopt the plastic foil thickeied, carry out cutting according to long 1.2-1.4 rice, wide 45-50 centimetre, for subsequent use.
(3) Bag Material is laid: be first taped against in planting groove by planting bag for subsequent use, the Bag Material that mixture is good is put on plastic foil, then also compress cylindrical above with soil by both sides plastic foil backrush, become the pocket that Huai Shan ties potato and growth, the top of pocket is bell mouth shape.
Described seed treatment is: by seed treatment dilution agent 1000 times, is dipped in pre-configured liquid by mountain, the Huaihe River seed of sowing, and soak 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, for subsequent use.Described seed treatment agent prescription is: pyraclostrobin 5g+ dislikes mould clever 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ tpn 20g+ Nafusaku 0.01g, above composition is added coalescents and is processed as kind of a clothing suspending agent.Above seed treatment principal component is pyraclostrobin and tpn, the mould spirit of evil, good control efficiency is all had to native transmissibility fungal disease, bacteriosis, and adopt seed coating technology that mountain, Huaihe River seed (stem) is encroached on from bad germ, and inventor promotes composition repeated screening to nutrition simultaneously, finally determine there is good effect with butyric acid potassium and Nafusaku to promotion mountain, Huaihe River root growth.After dressing, liquid, at seed (stem) evenly coating, keeps drug effect for a long time.
Described sowing is:
(1) planting structure distribution is: by plantation knot potato slot length 1-1.2 rice, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.6 rice, line-spacing 2-2.5 rice, every mu of planting number, determine, the 500-600 strain of general low yield arable land according to low yield arable land, hillside fields or mountain region and varieties of plant, layout is carried out in mountain region 300-400 strain.
(2) treated good mountain, Huaihe River potato seed (son) is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then at the upper mulching soil 5-7 centimetre of potato seed (son).
(3) in the both sides, top of orientation knot potato pocket, arrange and utilize " water-storage reservoir " of natural rainfall each, " storehouse " chiselling 20 cm, width 20-30 centimetre, in every " storehouse " interior soil, discharge composite fertilizer about 50 grams.
Described field management is: its self-sow, growing period will be noted, and looking into seedling fills the gaps with seedlings, and ensures neat seedling strong sprout; Mid-term is seen that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer in growth; Note preventing livestock from trampling infringement.
Described gather for: gather according to the maturity of different geographical different cultivars and market demand arrangement, when gathering, plastics opened, directly potato block is carefully taken out and can be gone on the market.
The general principle of this method, it is the Part Methods measure utilizing directed knot potato, utilize the non-staple food grain industrial land such as forest land of deserted mountain barren hill, low yield nonirrigated farmland and suitable planting Huai Shan, no-tillage do not affect ground ecological environmental condition under, carry out intermittent ornaments Huai Shan plantation and the Bag Material facility tying potato, Chinese yam rhizome is allowed to complete growth and development process under the environmental condition that suitable high yield, commodity are good, its stem climing under not built condition free growth, coexist with peacefully with other plant, form the ecotope of bio-diversity, reduce the use of agricultural chemicals.Utilize the method, the plant development of Chinese yam rhizome uncultivated area can be widened further, increase farmers' income and food source.
In sum, beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, this no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River, mainly carry out Huai Shan cultivation at non-staple food grain land used, no-tillage do not affect ground ecological environmental condition under, carry out intermittent ornaments Huai Shan plantation and the Bag Material facility tying potato, allow Chinese yam rhizome complete growth and development process under the environmental condition that suitable high yield, commodity are good, its stem climing under not built condition free growth, coexist with peacefully with other plant, form the ecotope of bio-diversity, reduce the use of agricultural chemicals.Utilize the method, the plant development of Chinese yam rhizome uncultivated area can be widened further, increase farmers' income and food source.
2, the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in this mountain, Huaihe River uses planting bag method, and allow Huai Shan grow in planting bag, the method does not affect ecobiotic Reproductive development around, adds the plantation of a kind of crop simultaneously, helpful for enriching local environment.
3, the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River of the present invention adopts kind of clothing suspending agent to after seed (stem) Cotton seeds of mountain, Huaihe River, and underground is not invaded and harassed by disease, being beneficial to strong root strong sprout, having greatest help for improving Huaihe River mountain products amount; This seed treatment agent prescription is through meticulously screening collocation; not only there is strong protective action for underground disease, also have stronger preventive effect for the disease occurred on the ground, through confirmatory experiment for many years; generally do not need to use agricultural chemicals again at mountain, Huaihe River the middle and late growth stage, be conducive to conservation of nature environment.
Embodiment
Inventor leads development teams to carry out the application of the technology of the present invention in national many places, and in June, 2015, popularizing area more than 3000 mu, all achieves larger achievement, illustrate that the present invention has stronger application value altogether.
Embodiment 1:
Implement place: the other wasteland, place of Guangxi Qinzhou Lingshan County paddy field
Geographical features: throughout the year weedy, soil fertility is poor
Implementation step:
One, arrange planting groove: convene local resident peasant household to slot, during fluting, from top to bottom to break ground fluting with semicircle instrument, planting groove top degree of depth 14-16 centimetre, bottom 18-20 centimetre, last bottom land is smooth semicircle; Whole piece planting groove is horizontal by 10-30 °.
The preparation process of two, planting Bag Material is:
(1) Bag Material mixture is planted: utilize local soil in small, broken bits, river (ditch) sand, fertilizer and composite fertilizer, soil: river (ditch) sand is arranged in pairs or groups in 2:1 ratio, every bag of interpolation bagasse and green mud (mixing ratio 1:1) 1 kilogram, composite fertilizer (NPK15:7:20) 150 grams carry out mixture, for subsequent use.
(2) planting bag process: adopt the plastic foil thickeied, carries out cutting according to long 1.2 meters, wide 45 centimetres, serves as both sides, planting Chinese yam seed position and respectively cut off 3-4 centimetre of gable, for subsequent use.
(3) Bag Material is laid: be first taped against in planting groove by planting bag for subsequent use, the Bag Material that mixture is good is put on plastic foil, then also compress cylindrical above with soil by both sides plastic foil backrush, become the pocket that Huai Shan ties potato and growth, the top of pocket is bell mouth shape.
Three, seed treatment: the kind clothing suspending agent first preparing or buy following formula combination: pyraclostrobin 5g+ dislikes mould clever 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ tpn 20g+ Nafusaku 0.01g, above composition is added coalescents and is processed as kind of a clothing suspending agent.By seed treatment dilution agent 1000 times, be dipped in pre-configured liquid by mountain, the Huaihe River seed of sowing, soak 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, for subsequent use.
Four, sow:
(1) planting structure distribution is: by plantation knot potato slot length 1-1.2 rice, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.6 rice, line-spacing 2-2.5 rice, every mu of 500-600 strain layout.
(2) treated good mountain, Huaihe River potato seed (son) is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then at the upper mulching soil 5-7 centimetre of potato seed (son).
(3) in the both sides, top of orientation knot potato pocket, arrange and utilize " water-storage reservoir " of natural rainfall each, " storehouse " chiselling 20 cm, width 20-30 centimetre, in every " storehouse " interior soil, discharge composite fertilizer about 50 grams.
Five, field management: allow its self-sow in principle, does not need artificial more interventions; But notice that looking into seedling fills the gaps with seedlings, ensure neat seedling strong sprout; Mid-term is seen that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer in growth; Note preventing livestock from trampling infringement.
Six, gather: gather according to the maturity of different geographical different cultivars and market demand arrangement, when gathering, plastics are opened, directly potato block is carefully taken out and can be gone on the market.
This plot is attempted first at wasteland cultivation Huai Shan, final per mu yield 621.5kg, and product are good mutually, commercially available cost ratio tradition plantation mean height 0.2 yuan.
Embodiment 2:
Implement place: Jiyang County, Jinan City, Shandong Province one place dry land
Geographical features: have and do not plant crops in 3 years, soil fertility is poor
Implementation step:
One, this technology is come into effect in May, 2012.First build planting groove: from top to bottom to break ground fluting with semicircle instrument, the planting groove top degree of depth 15 centimetres, 19 centimetres, bottom, last bottom land is smooth semicircle; Whole piece planting groove is horizontal by 10-30 °.
The preparation process of two, planting Bag Material is:
(1) Bag Material mixture is planted: utilize local soil, river (ditch) sand, fertilizer and composite fertilizer, soil: river (ditch) is husky in the collocation of 2:1 ratio, chicken manure 0.5 kilogram, composite fertilizer (NPK that every bag of interpolation is become thoroughly decomposed
20:10:15) 100 grams are carried out mixture, for subsequent use.
(2) planting bag process: adopt the 5C plastic foil thickeied, carries out cutting according to long 1.4 meters, wide 50 centimetres, serves as both sides, planting Chinese yam seed position and respectively cut off 3-4 centimetre of gable, for subsequent use.
(3) Bag Material is laid: be first taped against in planting groove by planting bag for subsequent use, the Bag Material that mixture is good is put on plastic foil, then also compress cylindrical above with soil by both sides plastic foil backrush, become the pocket that Huai Shan ties potato and growth, the top of pocket is bell mouth shape.
Three, seed treatment: the kind clothing suspending agent first preparing or buy following formula combination: pyraclostrobin 5g+ dislikes mould clever 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ tpn 20g+ Nafusaku 0.01g, above composition is added coalescents and is processed as kind of a clothing suspending agent.By seed treatment dilution agent 1000 times, be dipped in pre-configured liquid by mountain, the Huaihe River seed of sowing, soak 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, for subsequent use.
Four, sow:
(1) planting structure distribution is: by plantation knot potato slot length 1.1 meters, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.6 rice, line-spacing 2-2.5 rice, every mu of 550 strain layouts.
(2) treated good mountain, Huaihe River potato seed (son) is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then at the upper mulching soil 5-7 centimetre of potato seed (son).
(3) in the both sides, top of orientation knot potato pocket, arrange and utilize " water-storage reservoir " of natural rainfall each, " storehouse " chiselling 20 cm, width 20-30 centimetre, in every " storehouse " interior soil, discharge composite fertilizer about 50 grams.
Five, field management: allow its self-sow in principle, does not need artificial more interventions; But notice that looking into seedling fills the gaps with seedlings, ensure neat seedling strong sprout; Mid-term is seen that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer in growth; Note preventing livestock from trampling infringement.
Six, gather: gather according to the maturity of different geographical different cultivars and market demand arrangement, when gathering, plastics are opened, directly potato block is carefully taken out and can be gone on the market.
Final survey when October gathers in the crops is produced: per mu yield 591.2kg, and product are mutually good; Inventor has carried out cropping pattern year after year in this plot, per mu yield 648.6kg in 2013 simultaneously, and per mu yield 750.2kg in 2014, creates good economic benefit, achieves good promotional value in locality.
Embodiment 3:
Implement place: mountain region, Guangxi Qinzhou Lingshan County
Geographical features: carry out enforcement in 2013, within 2012, planted eucalyptus with the year before last, soil fertility is poor
Implementation step:
One, build planting groove: convene local resident peasant household to slot, during fluting, from top to bottom to break ground fluting with semicircle instrument, planting groove top degree of depth 14-15 centimetre, 19 centimetres, bottom, last bottom land is smooth semicircle; Whole piece planting groove is horizontal by 10-30 °.
The preparation process of two, planting Bag Material is:
(1) Bag Material mixture is planted: utilize that local soil, river (ditch) are husky, fertilizer and composite fertilizer, soil: river (ditch) sand is by the collocation of 2:1 ratio, and every bag of interpolation fertilizer 1 kilogram, composite fertilizer 120 grams carry out mixture, for subsequent use.
(2) planting bag process: adopt the plastic foil thickeied, carries out cutting according to long 1.3 meters, wide 48 centimetres, serves as both sides, planting Chinese yam seed position and respectively cut off 3-4 centimetre of gable, for subsequent use.
(3) Bag Material is laid: be first taped against in planting groove by planting bag for subsequent use, the Bag Material that mixture is good is put on plastic foil, then also compress cylindrical above with soil by both sides plastic foil backrush, become the pocket that Huai Shan ties potato and growth, the top of pocket is bell mouth shape.
Three, seed treatment: the kind clothing suspending agent first preparing or buy following formula combination: pyraclostrobin 5g+ dislikes mould clever 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ tpn 20g+ Nafusaku 0.01g, above composition is added coalescents and is processed as kind of a clothing suspending agent.By seed treatment dilution agent 1000 times, be dipped in pre-configured liquid by mountain, the Huaihe River seed of sowing, soak 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, for subsequent use.
Four, sow:
(1) planting structure distribution is: by plantation knot potato slot length 1.2 meters, spacing in the rows 0.5 meter, line-spacing 2 meters, every mu of 300-400 strain layout.
(2) treated good mountain, Huaihe River potato seed (son) is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then at the upper mulching soil 5-7 centimetre of potato seed (son).
(3) in the both sides, top of orientation knot potato pocket, arrange and utilize " water-storage reservoir " of natural rainfall each, " storehouse " chiselling 20 cm, width 20-30 centimetre, in every " storehouse " interior soil, discharge composite fertilizer about 50 grams.
Five, field management: allow its self-sow in principle, does not need artificial more interventions; But notice that looking into seedling fills the gaps with seedlings, ensure neat seedling strong sprout; Mid-term is seen that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer in growth; Note preventing livestock from trampling infringement.
Six, gather: gather according to the maturity of different geographical different cultivars and market demand arrangement, when gathering, plastics are opened, directly potato block is carefully taken out and can be gone on the market.
Within final 2013, Huai Shan surveys per mu yield 355kg in this mountain region, place, within 2014 afterwards, continues to expand popularizing area to 200 mu, average yield per mu 376.3kg.
Claims (8)
1. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River, is characterized in that: select non-staple food grain industrial land to carry out the no-tillage ecological cultivation of Huai Shan, step comprise arrange planting groove, plantation Bag Material preparation, seed treatment, type of seeding, field management and gather; Described non-staple food grain industrial land is: deserted mountain barren hill, low yield nonirrigated farmland or forest land.
2. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described planting groove that arranges is: adopt artificial or small-sized machine to slot, during fluting, from top to bottom to break ground fluting with semicircle instrument, planting groove top degree of depth 14-16 centimetre, bottom 18-20 centimetre, last bottom land is smooth semicircle; Whole piece planting groove is horizontal by 10-30 °.
3. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation process of described plantation Bag Material is:
(1) Bag Material mixture is planted: utilization locality or on the spot soil, river sand or ditch sand, fertilizer and composite fertilizer, require that soil is relatively in small, broken bits, soil, river sand or ditch are husky in the collocation of 2:1 ratio, and every bag of interpolation fertilizer 0.5-1 kilogram, composite fertilizer 100-150 gram carry out mixture, for subsequent use;
(2) planting bag process: adopt the plastic foil thickeied, carry out cutting according to long 1.2-1.4 rice, wide 45-50 centimetre; Serve as both sides, planting Chinese yam seed position and respectively cut off 3-4 centimetre of gable, for subsequent use;
(3) Bag Material is laid: be first taped against in planting groove by planting bag for subsequent use, the Bag Material that mixture is good is put on plastic foil, then also compress cylindrical above with soil by both sides plastic foil backrush, become the pocket that Huai Shan ties potato and growth, the top of pocket is bell mouth shape.
4. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described seed treatment is: by seed treatment dilution agent 1000 times, is dipped in pre-configured liquid by mountain, the Huaihe River seed of sowing, and soak 30 minutes, taking-up is dried, for subsequent use.
5. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described type of seeding is:
(1) planting structure distribution is: by plantation knot potato slot length 1-1.2 rice, spacing in the rows 0.5-0.6 rice, line-spacing 2-2.5 rice, every mu of planting number, determine, the 500-600 strain of general low yield arable land according to low yield arable land, hillside fields or mountain region and varieties of plant, layout is carried out in mountain region 300-400 strain;
(2) treated good mountain, Huaihe River potato seed (son) is placed in the soil in horn mouth, then at the upper mulching soil 5-7 centimetre of potato seed (son);
(3) in the both sides, top of orientation knot potato pocket, arrange and utilize " water-storage reservoir " of natural rainfall each, " storehouse " chiselling 20 cm, width 20-30 centimetre, in every " storehouse " interior soil, discharge composite fertilizer about 50 grams.
6. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described field management is: its self-sow, growing period will be noted, and looking into seedling fills the gaps with seedlings, and ensures neat seedling strong sprout; Mid-term is seen that seedling suitably imposes fertilizer in growth; Note preventing livestock from trampling infringement.
7. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in gather for: gather according to the maturity of different geographical different cultivars and market demand arrangement, when gathering, plastics opened, directly potato block is carefully taken out and can be gone on the market.
8. the no-tillage ecological cultivation method in mountain, Huaihe River according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described seed treatment agent prescription is: pyraclostrobin 5g+ dislikes mould clever 1.5g+ butyric acid potassium 0.05g+ tpn 20g+ Nafusaku 0.01g, above composition is added coalescents and is processed as kind of a clothing suspending agent.
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| CN105815095A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Chinese yam smash-ridging bag material planting method |
| CN105850440A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-17 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Directional tuberization method for ecologically planting common yam rhizomes in ground-soil ridges |
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| CN109744115A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-14 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of method of quick harvest Bag Material planting Chinese yam French fries |
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| CN111869528A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-11-03 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Overhead potato-bearing cultivation method for Chinese yam overhead planting |
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