CN101715683B - Method for intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant - Google Patents
Method for intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN101715683B CN101715683B CN2009101753708A CN200910175370A CN101715683B CN 101715683 B CN101715683 B CN 101715683B CN 2009101753708 A CN2009101753708 A CN 2009101753708A CN 200910175370 A CN200910175370 A CN 200910175370A CN 101715683 B CN101715683 B CN 101715683B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method for intercropping and cultivating konjak by a northern high-stem plant, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: A, intercropping and cultivating the konjak in a forest land or a corn field, applying 1 to 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer for each mu, then spreading 100 jins of calcined lime over each mu to sterilize the soil, and turning over and flattening the field; B, sterilizing konjak seeds; C, adopting ridge culture and oblique culture to intercrop 3 to 5 rows of konjak at a konjak ridge height of 20 to 30 centimeters, a ridge surface width of 20 to 25 centimeters and a forest belt of 3 to 5 meters, or intercropping 1 to 2 rows of konjak in a corn row, and inclining the seeds for 45 degrees facing the sun; and D, performing grading seeding, wherein the planting density uses 6 to 8 times diameter of the konjak seed as a row space and 4 to 5 times diameter of the konjak seed as a plant space, and covers 15 to 20 centimeters of soil. By adopting the technical scheme of the present invention, the increment amplitude of intercropping the konjak in the forest land is 3 to 7 times that of the primary seeds, the per mu yield reaches more than 1,500 kilograms, the utilization efficiency of the forest land is improved by over 20 percent, the economic benefit in each mu is increased by more than 2,000 yuan, and the utilization path of the forest land is effectively broadened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant, belong to cultivation of plants method and technology field, be particularly useful in northern forest land or corn field carries out the konjaku intercropping culture.
Background technology
Konjak corm contains higher organic Glucomannan, it is a kind of solubility half fiber, has gel, become performance and significant fat-reducing such as glue, lipopenicillinase, effect in reducing blood glucose, can be used for food industry, chemical industry, medical industry, agricultural, a plurality of fields such as environmental protection, along with the value of konjaku product is more and more paid attention to by market, konjaku plantation at present launches in Yangtze river basin large tracts of land, increase day by day along with the konjaku demand, the konjaku of south plantation can not be met the need of market again, but because konjaku natural propagation speed is slow, being not suitable for remote the accent plants, factors such as standardized planting and administrative skill shortage, cause konjaku to be subjected to serious restriction, thereby influence the northerly development of konjaku in the northern area of China plantation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant,, promote northern agricultural restructuring, improve the availability in existing soil, widen sylvan life economic development approach to enlarge the planting area of konjaku.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the method for this intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant, and its feature comprises:
A, utilize forest land or corn field to carry out the konjaku intercropping culture, every mu of use fertilizer 1-2 ton (3 side) that becomes thoroughly decomposed, then every mu spread fertilizer over the fields 100 jin of quicklimes and carry out soil disinfection after, turn over smooth;
1500 times of mixed liquors seed soaking of 500 times of 75% tpn wetting powders and 72% agricultural streptomycin wetting powder 30 minutes are selected in B, konjaku seed disinfection; Or the agricultural streptomycin that adopts 1,000 ten thousand units converts 20 kilograms in water seed soaking 30-60 minute, or adopts 5% liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 30 minutes, sowing again after drying;
C, adopt ridge culture tiltedly to plant, the high 20-30cm of konjaku ridge, ridge face width 20-25cm, the capable konjaku of forest belt intercropping 3-5 of 3-5 rice, or make the capable konjaku of 1-2 in the ranks, seed Chaoyang 45 degree that tilt at corn;
D, carry out classification sowing, planting density doubly is a line-spacing with kind of a taro diameter 6-8; Doubly is spacing in the rows with kind of taro with the 4-5 of diameter, earthing 15-20 centimetre.
It is at the ridge of the corn field back of the body kind of konjaku, furrow kind corn, corn line-spacing 130-150cm that the method for described intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant, the described ridge culture of step C are tiltedly planted.
The method of described intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant when the described classification of step D is sowed, is planted taro below 50 grams, 25 centimeters of line-spacings, and mu is planted the 5500-7500 strain; Plant taro and restrain at 200-400, line-spacing 500-605cm, spacing in the rows 40-45cm, mu is planted the 1600-2800 strain.
The method of described intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant, after late June after konjaku plantation emerges, every the 10-15 days pre-disease preventions of spray medicine, adopt the agricultural streptomycin of 1,000 ten thousand units to convert 30 kilograms of sprinklings of water for the first time, for the second time with 500 times of 75% tpn wetting powders and 4000 times of mixed liquors uses of 72% sulphur streptomycin wetting powder, soup is sprayed on the back side of blade, allows liquid medicine flow to root along cane.
The method of described intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant, the konjaku of being cultivated is the fine day results of the withered lodging of leaf portion after 10 days in autumn, the following konjaku airing of 250 grams of results is to the epidermis brown, when water content reduces 15-20%, be beneficial under the environmental condition of ventilation at temperature 5-9 ℃, carry out the husky Tibetan of seed or store sth. in a cellar storage.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes, the increasing degree of alternating forest land cultivation konjaku is (on original seed subbase plinth) 3-7 times, and per mu yield reaches more than 3000 jin, improves the forest land utilization ratio more than 20%, mu increases economic benefit more than 2000 yuan, has effectively widened the approach that utilizes in forest land.Carry out corn konjaku intercropping culture by above method, the konjaku increasing degree increases 5-8 doubly on the basis of former cultivation weight, and the konjaku per mu yield is 5000 jin, and 3000 yuan of net incomes are planted grain more merely and increased economic efficiency more than 2 times.The present invention has explored suitable North China poi, woods taro, fruit taro intercropping (interplanting) efficiency cultivation technology for high, has enlarged the konjaku planting area, makes the konjaku plantation move northward more than 1000 kilometer, improves land resources utilization rate 10--20%, and this method is not appeared in the newspapers as yet.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, northern corn/konjaku cultivation
(1) selects damp sand soil property, prepare enough farmyard manure then, use become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer 1-2 ton or 3 sides for every mu;
(2) every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 100 jin of quicklimes, and deep ploughing is whole thin then;
(3) ridging standard, the ridge back of the body kind of the konjaku of corn field, furrow kind corn, cultivated maize line-spacing 130-150cm, the capable konjaku of intercropping 1-2, the high 20-30cm of konjaku ridge, ridge face width 20-25cm, the ridging cultivation can reach draining, preserve soil moisture, increases the purpose of gas, diseases prevention;
(4) select and do not have to hinder, do not have the konjaku mashed, that the bud nest is good and do kind of a usefulness, select 500 times of 75% tpn wetting powders and 1500 times of mixed liquors seed soaking of 72% agricultural streptomycin wetting powder 30 minutes; Or the agricultural streptomycin that adopts 1,000 ten thousand units converts 20 kilograms in water seed soaking 30-60 minute, cultivates behind the excessive moisture that dries in the air;
(5) sow late April to mid-May, sowing begins sowing by the following 10 centimetres of ground temperature in the face of land when reaching 15 ℃ in one week;
(6) when sowing terminal bud Chaoyang and tilting more than 40 degree, want earthing 15-20cm above the seed, reach the soil moisturizing effect;
(7) chemical weed control because the konjaku root is superficial, in order not influence the konjaku growth, is adopted the agent of hoeing up weeds of non agricultural chemical residuum before emerging, carry out chemical weed control as the medicine of hundred meeting, suitable corn such as glyphosate is hoed up weeds agent;
(8) prevention of damage by disease, konjaku late June every 10-15 days spray medicines once, is converted 30 kilograms in water with the agricultural streptomycin of 1,000 ten thousand units after emerging successively, sprays successively three times, and soup is sprayed on the back side of blade when spraying medicine, allows flow to root along cane behind the liquid medicine shower nozzle plant.
(9) live effect carries out the poi intercropping culture by above method, and the konjaku increasing degree increases 5-8 doubly on the basis of former cultivation weight, the konjaku per mu yield is 5000 jin, 3000 yuan of net incomes, 685 yuan (0.82 yuan of unit price) of corn income planted grain more merely and increased economic efficiency more than 2 times.
Embodiment 2, utilize the forest belt that is not suitable for planting grain more than 3 years (willow ground) intercropping konjaku
Repeat seed disinfection, cultivation, results, the diseases prevention operating process of example 1.The difference part is:
(1) 3-4 side's fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed will be used in the forest land;
(2) line-spacing in 3 meters in forest belt, ridging cultivation 3 row konjakus, the line-spacing that the forest belt is 5 meters, ridging cultivation 4 row konjakus, the high 20-30cm of konjaku ridge, ridge face width 20-25cm;
(3) intercropping konjaku in forest belt is to make full use of idle land between line-spacing, at the position of about 1 meter of kind of tree planting ridging plantation konjaku, avoids injuring the top layer root system of trees;
(4) alternating forest land cultivation konjaku necessarily selects depth of defilade in the 60%-80% environmental condition, and willow can be konjaku and blocks direct sunlight, and konjaku utilizes the abundant organic nutrition in forest land;
(5) increasing degree of alternating forest land cultivation konjaku is, increases 3-7 doubly on original seed subbase plinth, and per mu yield reaches more than 3000 jin, improves the forest land utilization ratio more than 20%, and mu increases economic benefit more than 2000 yuan, has effectively widened the approach that utilizes in forest land.
Embodiment 3, utilize the orchard intercropping konjaku that is not suitable for planting grain more than 5 years
Repeat seed disinfection, cultivation, results, the diseases prevention operating process of example 1.The difference part is:
(1) orchard cultivation will be preced with width of cloth size according to fruit tree and carry out intercropping, the plum garden that line-spacing is 4 meters, and intercropping 3 row konjakus get final product;
(2) the orchard intercropping konjaku must be planted by each row, reserves action rows such as fruit tree spray medicine, harvesting management, and the konjaku intercropping is carried out in interlacing, promptly can only utilize 50% plum (pears) line-spacing plantation konjaku;
(3) prevention of damage by disease adopts 4000 times of mixed liquors of 500 times of 75% tpn wetting powders and 72% sulphur streptomycin wetting powder to use, and soup is sprayed on the back side of blade, allows liquid medicine flow to root along cane;
(4) cultivation effect, through scientific and reasonable collocation plantation, in the not affected while of fruit tree growth, the konjaku increasing degree increases 3-7 doubly on former basis, average yield per mu konjaku 1500-2500 kilogram, economic benefit reaches more than 3000 yuan.Improve in the soil availability simultaneously more than 10%.
Northern konjaku intercropping also comprises the apricot garden, high-stem plants such as jujube garden, apple orchard, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers in the foregoing description except that above example.
Foregoing description only proposes as the enforceable technical scheme of intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant, not as the single restrictive condition to its method itself.
Claims (1)
1. the method for an intercropping and cultivating konjak by northern high-stem plant, its feature comprises:
A, utilize corn field to carry out the konjaku intercropping culture, every mu of use fertilizer 1-2 ton that becomes thoroughly decomposed, then every mu spread fertilizer over the fields 100 jin of quicklimes and carry out soil disinfection after, turn over smooth;
1500 times of mixed liquors seed soaking of 500 times of 75% tpn wetting powders and 72% agricultural streptomycin wetting powder 30 minutes are selected in B, konjaku seed disinfection; Or the agricultural streptomycin that adopts 1,000 ten thousand units converts 20 kilograms in water seed soaking 30-60 minute, or adopts 5% liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 30 minutes, sowing again after drying;
C, employing ridge culture are tiltedly planted: at the ridge of the corn field back of the body kind of a konjaku, and furrow kind corn, the high 20-30cm of konjaku ridge, ridge face width 20-25cm, corn line-spacing 130-150cm makes the capable konjaku of 1-2 in the ranks at corn, seed Chaoyang inclination 45 degree;
D, carry out classification sowing: planting density doubly is a line-spacing with kind of a taro diameter 6-8; With kind of the 4-5 of taro diameter doubly is spacing in the rows, earthing 15-20 centimetre;
After konjaku late June emerges, every the 10-15 days pre-disease preventions of spray medicine, adopt the agricultural streptomycin of 1,000 ten thousand units to convert 30 kilograms of sprinklings of water for the first time, for the second time with 500 times of 75% tpn wetting powders and 4000 times of mixed liquors of 72% sulphur streptomycin wetting powder, soup is sprayed on the back side of blade, allows liquid medicine flow to root along cane;
The konjaku of being cultivated is the fine day results of the withered lodging of leaf portion after 10 days in autumn, and the following konjaku airing of 250 grams of results, is beneficial under the environmental condition of ventilation at temperature 5-9 ℃ when water content reduces 15-20% to the epidermis brown, carries out Sha Zanghuo and stores sth. in a cellar storage.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN102726188A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-17 | 湖北顺溪豆制品有限公司 | Method for planting konjak by corner land |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102726188A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-17 | 湖北顺溪豆制品有限公司 | Method for planting konjak by corner land |
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