CN104255256B - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255256B CN104255256B CN201410490917.4A CN201410490917A CN104255256B CN 104255256 B CN104255256 B CN 104255256B CN 201410490917 A CN201410490917 A CN 201410490917A CN 104255256 B CN104255256 B CN 104255256B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method for culturing seedlings of a kind of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, the method comprises the following steps: seed selection, culture matrix, selection of land, whole, sow, intertill management, rich water quality management.This method is cultivated one batch of Rhizoma Dioscoreae and is had only to 1 year, substantially reduce made from Chinese yam bulbil and cultivate the time of Rhizoma Dioscoreae seedling, use the Rhizoma Dioscoreae seedling that the every per mu yield of this method goes out to meet field planting requirement can reach 15000 strains, emergence rate is increased to 95% from traditional 70%, survival rate is increased to 90% from traditional 55%, tradition method for culturing seedlings output meets the seedling rate of field planting prescription and is only 50%, and this method is up to 80%.This method has the features such as repoductive time is short, quantity increases soon, cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to the method for culturing seedlings of a kind of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species.
Background technology
Rhizoma Dioscoreae, has another name called RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE fr0m Henan of China, light yam, for Shu Zhen section Wild yam, perennial root voluble herb.Rhizoma Dioscoreae with underground tuber for food, the nutritional labeling such as rich in starch, protein, carbohydrate and secondary adrenal cortex hormone, saponin, phlegmatic temperament, be nutritious grain dish dual-purpose crop, be again the Chinese crude drug that nourishing function is stronger.Rhizoma Dioscoreae is used as medicine with tuber, and nature and flavor are sweet, flat, have effect of spleen reinforcing lung, strong vital essence.Utilize xerocline, ladder band, foot of the hill plantation Rhizoma Dioscoreae, be the good social connections got rich of farmers'.Rhizoma Dioscoreae is that rhizome is bar-shaped, up to 33～66 centimetres, for up to more than 100 centimetres, the few branch of root, white root raw many fibrous roots, viscosity, and section stem is elongated, up to zhang more than.Leaf is to life, and leaf many changes, often for heart-shaped or palmate of cultrating, vein 6～9 goes out, and has strain bud (claiming Bulbilus dioscoreae, be also Chinese yam beans, potato) to be available for propagating materials, it is possible to edible between axil.The little solitary flower of white, capsule.Rhizoma Dioscoreae happiness is grown on soil layer sandy loam deep, loose, well-drained, weather conditions is required very not strict, but is preferred with warm and moist weather.Aerial parts is just withered through frost, and under ground portion, also weak to frost, grows thermophilic 20～30 DEG C.
Traditional Rhizoma Dioscoreae seedling is to be formed by Rhizoma Dioscoreae tap or Rhizoma Dioscoreae cross-talk accelerating germination, or takes made from Chinese yam bulbil plantation breeding.Rhizoma Dioscoreae tap mode quantity can reduce along with plantation mutation.Rhizoma Dioscoreae cross-talk mode leads directly to by choosing profile, is formed without the Rhizoma Dioscoreae stripping and slicing of deformity, accelerating germination, but seedling quantity growth can reduce the yield of finished product Rhizoma Dioscoreae, and cost is high, and increased number also has certain restriction.The tradition made from Chinese yam bulbil plantation modes of reproduction time is long, and need to plant for 2 years can form good Rhizoma Dioscoreae seed, and planting cost is higher.
Patent document if publication number is CN102907239A discloses the selection of a kind of Rhizoma Dioscoreae, the method adopts the mode that Bulbilus dioscoreae and tuber combine to breed, and the Bulbilus dioscoreae filtered out is carried out disinfection and processes with nutritional solution, releasing the rest period of Bulbilus dioscoreae, the mode accelerating its germination carries out selection-breeding breeding.Bulbilus dioscoreae is adopted to breed, can guarantee that the stable heredity of the excellent shape of kind, by Bulbilus dioscoreae is carried out certain process, the period of dormancy of made from Chinese yam bulbil can be broken, by the period of dormancy of original 4-6 month, shortening to 2-3 month, implantation time, by originally annual April, is advanced to annual February.Its period of duration is extended, to improve the yield and quality of Rhizoma Dioscoreae by film covering method；Meanwhile, the method can make the bud ratio of Bulbilus dioscoreae bring up to 56-70%, thus improve productivity.Although the method can form good Rhizoma Dioscoreae seed, but there is the problem that planting cost is too high.
And for example publication number is that the patent document of CN1689400A discloses the selection of a kind of Chang Mount medicine and adopts the original silkworm egg of the method selection-breeding, the method is the Chang Mount medicine selection of a kind of simple and direct practicality utilizing Bulbilus dioscoreae and the intersection seed selection of underground tuber, the method utilizes radioactive breeding technology and made from Chinese yam bulbil storage technique, selects high yield and high quality, dish medicine dual-purpose, Bulbilus dioscoreae life more than 12 months the Chang Mount medicine series new varieties that can next year sow from Chang Mount medicine local varieties；Although the underground tuber profile of the Chang Mount medicine new varieties of the method selection-breeding is perfectly round neatly, and Rhizoma Dioscoreae also can reach higher length, but solves the problem that Bulbilus dioscoreae plants mode of reproduction overlong time.
Therefore, the present inventor is by the research of substantial amounts of retrospect analysis from documents and Rhizoma Dioscoreae selection-breeding raising technology, the breeding technique time length, the breeding quantity that occur for tradition Rhizoma Dioscoreae seedling technology increase the problem slow, quality is low, cost is high, it is provided that the method for culturing seedlings of a kind of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species.
Summary of the invention
It is desirable to provide the method for culturing seedlings of a kind of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, to solve the breeding technique time length that numerous Rhizoma Dioscoreae seedling technology occurs, the problem that breeding quantity increases slowly, quality is low, cost is high.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, when Huang is withered by Rhizoma Dioscoreae stem and leaf on the ground, from taking between axil or picking up Bulbilus dioscoreae, after drying in the air 2-3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, and storage period, ventilation was in order to avoid fermentation is rotted it should be noted that the plague of rats；
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus, after crushed mix and blend in mass ratio, spill dung polluted water hydraulic pressure real fermentation 5-10 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring；
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, soil easily, water source is as nursery；
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep plough 30cm, and ridging is ditched, the wide 60cm of trench digging, deep 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, propagation tank is placed in ditch, applies flat earth, a net is placed in propagation tank, makes net and bottom land distance 25cm；
E, sowing: put 1 by every 1 hole, discharge 1 row every 1 and Bulbilus dioscoreae be placed on an aperture of net, uniformly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Caulis et Folium Oryzae on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix；
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by cycle watering in 5 days, until emerging, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 20-30cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time；
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 20-40cm of emerging, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, use seedling fertilizer during height of seedling 90-110cm, rattan Seedling goes out uses result fertilizer when pushing up, and sprinkles water according to weather condition.
Wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus in described step b, adopt 50-100 order pulverizer to pulverize, be the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio.
In described step d, propagation tank adopts length to be the seedlings nursing plate of 100 × 50 × 25cm, and a net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 600-800 hole/square metre web material.
Described step g goes out seed manure and carries out proportioning with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, carbamide, calcium superphosphate in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu.
In described step g, seedling fertilizer carries out proportioning with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbamide in the ratio of 3:7, joins fertile 80kg/ mu.
In described step g, result fertilizer carries out proportioning with MAP, carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, joins fertile 50kg/ mu.
The main technical principle of the method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species provided by the invention and technique effect analysis:
Adopt unsettled Cultivating techniques, namely use breeding groove to cultivate made from Chinese yam bulbil, release Rhizoma Dioscoreae growth restraining forces, bifurcated, abnormity Rhizoma Dioscoreae seedling not easily occur, and improves the speed of growth, breeding groove and a net are the cores of whole unsettled Cultivating techniques.
Culture matrix formula, culture matrix is according to the Rhizoma Dioscoreae required characteristic such as environment, nutrition of growth, utilizes unlike material proportioning, it is provided that loose, moisturizing, nutritious Rhizoma Dioscoreae somatomedin.
Rich water quality management measure, rich water quality management is the measure later stage formulated according to Rhizoma Dioscoreae growth stage nutritional need providing nutrition and moisture content, to avoid too much causing the wasting of resources, the very few problem causing Rhizoma Dioscoreae growth fertilizer deficiency.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: this method has the features such as repoductive time is short, quantity increases soon, cost is low compared with traditional method.Tradition method for culturing seedlings, cultivate one batch of Rhizoma Dioscoreae Seedling and need 2 years, and this method required time is 1 year, substantially reduce made from Chinese yam bulbil and cultivate the time of Rhizoma Dioscoreae seedling, Rhizoma Dioscoreae cross-talk mode is adopted to breed Rhizoma Dioscoreae seedling, cost is high, the last yield rate of impact, this method every strain Rhizoma Dioscoreae Seedling cost is about 0.4 yuan/strain, for tradition seedling cost 40%, and output quality is good, use the Rhizoma Dioscoreae seedling that the every per mu yield of this method goes out to meet field planting requirement can reach 15000 strains, per mu yield 15000 strain emergence rate is increased to 95% from traditional 70%, survival rate is increased to 90% from traditional 55%, tradition method for culturing seedlings output meets the seedling rate of field planting prescription and is only 50%, this method is up to 80%.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme is further described, but claim scope be not limited to described in.
Embodiment one
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, when Huang is withered by Rhizoma Dioscoreae stem and leaf on the ground, from taking between axil or picking up Bulbilus dioscoreae, after drying in the air 2 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, and storage period, ventilation was in order to avoid fermentation is rotted it should be noted that the plague of rats；
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 50 order pulverizers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 5 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring；
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, soil easily, water source is as nursery；
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep plough 30cm, and ridging is ditched, trench digging wide 60cm, deep 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, be placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, being placed in propagation tank by a net, make net and bottom land distance 25cm, propagation tank adopts length to be the seedlings nursing plate of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 600 holes/square metre web material；
E, sowing: put 1 by every 1 hole, discharge 1 row every 1 and Bulbilus dioscoreae be placed on an aperture of net, uniformly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Caulis et Folium Oryzae on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix；
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by cycle watering in 5 days, until emerging, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 20cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time；
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 20cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, carbamide, calcium superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 90cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbamide carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, rattan Seedling goes out uses result fertilizer when pushing up, result is fertile in MAP, carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment two
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, when Huang is withered by Rhizoma Dioscoreae stem and leaf on the ground, from taking between axil or picking up Bulbilus dioscoreae, after drying in the air 2 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, and storage period, ventilation was in order to avoid fermentation is rotted it should be noted that the plague of rats；
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 60 order pulverizers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 6 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring；
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, soil easily, water source is as nursery；
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep plough 30cm, and ridging is ditched, trench digging wide 60cm, deep 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, be placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, being placed in propagation tank by a net, make net and bottom land distance 25cm, propagation tank adopts length to be the seedlings nursing plate of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 600 holes/square metre web material；
E, sowing: put 1 by every 1 hole, discharge 1 row every 1 and Bulbilus dioscoreae be placed on an aperture of net, uniformly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Caulis et Folium Oryzae on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix；
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by cycle watering in 5 days, until emerging, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 20cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time；
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 25cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, carbamide, calcium superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 95cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbamide carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, rattan Seedling goes out uses result fertilizer when pushing up, result is fertile in MAP, carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment three
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, when Huang is withered by Rhizoma Dioscoreae stem and leaf on the ground, from taking between axil or picking up Bulbilus dioscoreae, after drying in the air 2 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, and storage period, ventilation was in order to avoid fermentation is rotted it should be noted that the plague of rats；
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 70 order pulverizers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 7 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring；
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, soil easily, water source is as nursery；
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep plough 30cm, and ridging is ditched, trench digging wide 60cm, deep 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, be placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, being placed in propagation tank by a net, make net and bottom land distance 25cm, propagation tank adopts length to be the seedlings nursing plate of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 700 holes/square metre web material；
E, sowing: put 1 by every 1 hole, discharge 1 row every 1 and Bulbilus dioscoreae be placed on an aperture of net, uniformly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Caulis et Folium Oryzae on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix；
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by cycle watering in 5 days, until emerging, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 25cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time；
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 30cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, carbamide, calcium superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 100cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbamide carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, rattan Seedling goes out uses result fertilizer when pushing up, result is fertile in MAP, carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment four
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, when Huang is withered by Rhizoma Dioscoreae stem and leaf on the ground, from taking between axil or picking up Bulbilus dioscoreae, after drying in the air 3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, and storage period, ventilation was in order to avoid fermentation is rotted it should be noted that the plague of rats；
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 80 order pulverizers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 8 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring；
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, soil easily, water source is as nursery；
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep plough 30cm, and ridging is ditched, trench digging wide 60cm, deep 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, be placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, being placed in propagation tank by a net, make net and bottom land distance 25cm, propagation tank adopts length to be the seedlings nursing plate of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 700 holes/square metre web material；
E, sowing: put 1 by every 1 hole, discharge 1 row every 1 and Bulbilus dioscoreae be placed on an aperture of net, uniformly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Caulis et Folium Oryzae on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix；
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by cycle watering in 5 days, until emerging, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 25cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time；
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 35cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, carbamide, calcium superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 105cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbamide carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, rattan Seedling goes out uses result fertilizer when pushing up, result is fertile in MAP, carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment five
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, when Huang is withered by Rhizoma Dioscoreae stem and leaf on the ground, from taking between axil or picking up Bulbilus dioscoreae, after drying in the air 3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, and storage period, ventilation was in order to avoid fermentation is rotted it should be noted that the plague of rats；
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 90 order pulverizers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 9 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring；
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, soil easily, water source is as nursery；
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep plough 30cm, and ridging is ditched, trench digging wide 60cm, deep 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, be placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, being placed in propagation tank by a net, make net and bottom land distance 25cm, propagation tank adopts length to be the seedlings nursing plate of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 800 holes/square metre web material；
E, sowing: put 1 by every 1 hole, discharge 1 row every 1 and Bulbilus dioscoreae be placed on an aperture of net, uniformly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Caulis et Folium Oryzae on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix；
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by cycle watering in 5 days, until emerging, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 30cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time；
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 35cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, carbamide, calcium superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 105cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbamide carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, rattan Seedling goes out uses result fertilizer when pushing up, result is fertile in MAP, carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment six
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, when Huang is withered by Rhizoma Dioscoreae stem and leaf on the ground, from taking between axil or picking up Bulbilus dioscoreae, after drying in the air 3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, and storage period, ventilation was in order to avoid fermentation is rotted it should be noted that the plague of rats；
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 100 order pulverizers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 10 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring；
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, soil easily, water source is as nursery；
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep plough 30cm, and ridging is ditched, trench digging wide 60cm, deep 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, be placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, being placed in propagation tank by a net, make net and bottom land distance 25cm, propagation tank adopts length to be the seedlings nursing plate of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 800 holes/square metre web material；
E, sowing: put 1 by every 1 hole, discharge 1 row every 1 and Bulbilus dioscoreae be placed on an aperture of net, uniformly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Caulis et Folium Oryzae on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix；
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by cycle watering in 5 days, until emerging, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 30cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time；
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 40cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, carbamide, calcium superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 110cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbamide carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, rattan Seedling goes out uses result fertilizer when pushing up, result is fertile in MAP, carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Claims (6)
1. the method for culturing seedlings of a Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species, it is characterised in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, when Huang is withered by Rhizoma Dioscoreae stem and leaf on the ground, from taking between axil or picking up Bulbilus dioscoreae, after drying in the air 2-3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, and storage period, ventilation was in order to avoid fermentation is rotted it should be noted that the plague of rats；
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus, after crushed mix and blend in mass ratio, spill dung polluted water hydraulic pressure real fermentation 5-10 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring；
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, soil easily, water source is as nursery；
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep plough 30cm, and ridging is ditched, the wide 60cm of trench digging, deep 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, propagation tank is placed in ditch, applies flat earth, a net is placed in propagation tank, makes net and bottom land distance 25cm；
E, sowing: put 1 by every 1 hole, discharge 1 row every 1 and Bulbilus dioscoreae be placed on an aperture of net, uniformly spread by culture matrix configure and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm, Caulis et Folium Oryzae on bedding, and watering all moistens to culture matrix；
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by cycle watering in 5 days, until emerging, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 20-30cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time；
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 20-40cm of emerging, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, use seedling fertilizer during height of seedling 90-110cm, rattan Seedling goes out uses result fertilizer when pushing up, and sprinkles water according to weather condition.
2. the method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: wood powder, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, rice hulls, organic detritus in described step b, adopt 50-100 order pulverizer to pulverize, be the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 in mass ratio after pulverizing.
3. the method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step d propagation tank adopt length be the seedlings nursing plate of 100 × 50 × 25cm, net adopt aperture be 0.5cm, 600-800 hole/square metre web material.
4. the method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step g goes out seed manure and carries out proportioning with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, carbamide, calcium superphosphate in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu.
5. the method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step g, seedling fertilizer carries out proportioning with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbamide in the ratio of 3:7, joins fertile 80kg/ mu.
6. the method for culturing seedlings of Rhizoma Dioscoreae source species according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step g, result fertilizer carries out proportioning with MAP, carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, joins fertile 50kg/ mu.
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