CN104255256A - Seedlings culturing method for original species of Chinese yams - Google Patents
Seedlings culturing method for original species of Chinese yams Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract 6
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- 235000006536 Dioscorea esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 240000001811 Dioscorea oppositifolia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 235000003416 Dioscorea oppositifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010035148 Plague Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000005903 Dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 244000299452 Gouania lupuloides Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000292 Gouania lupuloides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003470 adrenal cortex hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002620 method output Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedlings culturing method for original species of Chinese yams. The method includes the following steps of seed selection, medium culturing, land selection, land preparation, seeding, intertillage management and nutrient and water management. By means of the method, only one year is required for cultivating a batch of Chinese yams, the time for cultivating Chinese yam seedlings by Chinese yam bulbil can be greatly shortened, 15000 Chinese yam seedlings which meet requirements of field planting can be produced per mu, the emergence rate is increased to 95% from traditional 70%, the survival rate is increased to 90% from traditional 55%, only 50% seedling rate which meet requirements of fielding planting qualities can be achieved by traditional seedling culturing methods, and the seedling rate can reach 80% by the seedlings culturing method for the original species of Chinese yams. The seedlings culturing method for the original species of Chinese yams has the advantages that the breeding time is short, the quantity is rapidly increased, the costs are low, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of seedling-cultivating method of Chinese yam source species.
Background technology
Chinese yam, has another name called Huai Chinese yam, light yam, is Shu Zhen section Dioscorea, perennial root voluble herb.Chinese yam is with underground stem tuber for food, and be rich in the nutrient components such as starch, protein, carbohydrate and secondary adrenal cortex hormone, saponin(e, mucilaginous substance, being nutritious grain dish dual-purpose crop, is again the traditional Chinese medicine that nourishing function is stronger.Chinese yam is used as medicine with block root, and nature and flavor are sweet, flat, has effect of tonifying spleen lung, strong vital essence.Utilizing xerocline, ladder band, foot of the hill plantation Chinese yam, is the good social connections that farmers' gets rich.Chinese yam is that rhizome is bar-shaped, reaches 33 ~ 66 centimetres, reaches more than 100 centimetres most, the few branch of root, and white root raw many fibrous roots, viscosity, and section stem is elongated, more than can reaching zhang.Leaf is to life, and leaf changeableization, normal is heart-shaped or palmate of cultrating, and vein 6 ~ 9 goes out, and has strain bud (claim bulbil, be also Chinese yam beans, potato) can supply propagating materials, also edible between axil.The little solitary flower of white, capsule.Chinese yam happiness is grown on deep, loose, the well-drained sandy loam of soil layer, requires very not strict, but be good with warm and moist weather to weather conditions.Acrial part is just withered through frost, and under ground portion is also not resistance to freezing, growth thermophilic 20 ~ 30 DEG C.
Traditional Chinese yam seedling is formed by Chinese yam tap or the vernalization of Chinese yam cross-talk, or take made from Chinese yam bulbil to plant breeding.Chinese yam tap mode quantity can reduce along with plantation mutation.Chinese yam cross-talk mode leads directly to by choosing profile, and without Chinese yam stripping and slicing, the vernalization and being formed of deformity, but the growth of seedling quantity can reduce the output of finished product Chinese yam, and cost is high, and increased number also has certain restriction.The tradition made from Chinese yam bulbil plantation modes of reproduction time is long, and need plant for 2 years can form good Chinese yam seed, and planting cost is higher.
As the publication number patent document that is CN102907239A discloses a kind of selection of iron rod yam, the mode that the method adopts bulbil and block root knot to close is bred, and filtered out bulbil is carried out disinfection and uses nutrient solution process, remove the resting stage of bulbil, accelerate its mode of germinateing and carry out seed selection breeding.Bulbil is adopted to breed, the genetic stability of the excellent shape of kind can be ensured, by carrying out certain process to bulbil, the period of dormancy of made from Chinese yam bulbil can be broken, by the period of dormancy of original 4-6 month, shorten to 2-3 month, implantation time, by originally annual April, is advanced to annual February.Its breeding time is extended, to improve the yield and quality of Chinese yam by film covering method; Meanwhile, the method can make the bud ratio of bulbil bring up to 56-70%, thus improves productive rate.Although the method can form good Chinese yam seed, there is the problem that planting cost is too high.
And for example publication number is that the patent document of CN1689400A discloses a kind of selection of Chang Mount medicine and adopts the breeder's stock of the method seed selection, the method is a kind of Chang Mount medicine selection utilizing the simple and direct practicality of bulbil and the seed selection of underground stem tuber intersection, the method utilizes radiation breeding technology and made from Chinese yam bulbil storage technique, select from Chang Mount medicine landrace high yield and high quality, dish medicine dual-purpose, bulbil life more than 12 months and can next year sow Chang Mount medicine series new varieties; Although the underground stem tuber profile of the Chang Mount medicine new varieties of the method seed selection is neatly perfectly round, and Chinese yam also can reach higher length, do not solve the problem of bulbil plantation mode of reproduction overlong time.
Therefore, the present inventor is by the research of a large amount of retrospect analysis from documents and Chinese yam seed selection raising technology, the problem that the breeding technique time occurred for traditional Chinese yam seedling technology is long, breeding quantity increases slowly, quality is low, cost is high, provides a kind of seedling-cultivating method of Chinese yam source species.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of seedling-cultivating method of Chinese yam source species, to solve the problem that the breeding technique time is long, breeding quantity increases slowly, quality is low, cost is high that numerous Chinese yam seedling technology occurs.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A seedling-cultivating method for Chinese yam source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, Chinese yam is when on the ground Huang withers by cauline leaf, and from taking between axil or picking up bulbil, after drying in the air 2-3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, storage period should note the plague of rats, and ventilation is in order to avoid fermentation is rotted;
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus, after crushed mix and blend in mass ratio, spill dung polluted water hydraulic pressure real fermentation 5-10 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring;
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, water source easily soil as nursery;
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep ploughing 30cm, ridging is ditched, and ditch wide 60cm, dark 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, propagation tank is placed in ditch, applies flat earth, net will be propped up and be placed in propagation tank, and make net and bottom land distance 25cm;
E, to sow: put 1 by every 1 hole, bulbil be placed on an aperture of net every 1 discharge 1 row, evenly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Straw on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix;
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by one-period watering in 5 days, until emerge, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 20-30cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time;
G, rich water quality management: during 20-40cm of emerging, use out seed manure, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, use seedling fertilizer during height of seedling 90-110cm, use result fertilizer when rattan seedling goes out to push up, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus in described step b, adopting 50-100 order cracker to pulverize, is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 in mass ratio after pulverizing.
In described steps d, propagation tank adopts length to be the seedling-cultivating tray of 100 × 50 × 25cm, and a net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 600-800 hole/square metre net material.
Go out seed manure in described step g and carry out proportioning with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, urea, superphosphate in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu.
In described step g, seedling fertilizer carries out proportioning with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea in the ratio of 3:7, joins fertile 80kg/ mu.
In described step g, result fertilizer carries out proportioning with MAP, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, joins fertile 50kg/ mu.
The main technical principle of the seedling-cultivating method of Chinese yam source species provided by the invention and technique effect analysis:
Adopt unsettled Cultivating techniques, namely use breeding groove to cultivate made from Chinese yam bulbil, release Chinese yam growth restraining force, not easily occur bifurcated, special-shaped Chinese yam seedling, and improve growth rate, breeding groove and a net are the cores of whole unsettled Cultivating techniques.
Culture matrix is filled a prescription, and culture matrix is according to the required characteristic such as environment, nutrition of Chinese yam growth, utilize unlike material proportioning, provide loose, moisturizing, nutritious Chinese yam growth factor.
Rich water quality management measure, rich water quality management is the measure later stage of formulating according to Chinese yam vegetative stage nutritional need providing nutrition and moisture content, to avoid too much causing the wasting of resources, the very few problem causing Chinese yam to grow fertilizer deficiency.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: this method has the features such as repoductive time is short, quantity increases soon, cost is low compared with conventional method.Tradition seedling-cultivating method, cultivate one batch of Chinese yam seedling and need 2 years, and this method required time is 1 year, substantially reduce the time that made from Chinese yam bulbil cultivates Chinese yam seedling, Chinese yam cross-talk mode is adopted to breed Chinese yam seedling, cost is high, affect last yield rate, this method every strain Chinese yam seedling cost is about 0.4 yuan/strain, for 40% of traditional seedling cost, and output quality is good, the Chinese yam seedling using the every per mu yield of this method to go out to meet field planting requirement can reach 15000 strains, per mu yield 15000 strain emergence rate is increased to 95% from traditional 70%, survival rate is increased to 90% from traditional 55%, the seedling rate that tradition seedling-cultivating method output meets field planting quality requirement is only 50%, this method can reach 80%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but described in claimed scope is not limited to.
Embodiment one
A seedling-cultivating method for Chinese yam source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, Chinese yam is when on the ground Huang withers by cauline leaf, and from taking between axil or picking up bulbil, after drying in the air 2 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, storage period should note the plague of rats, and ventilation is in order to avoid fermentation is rotted;
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 50 order crackers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 5 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring;
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, water source easily soil as nursery;
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep ploughing 30cm, ridging is ditched, ditch wide 60cm, dark 30cm, and line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, is placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, to prop up net is placed in propagation tank, makes net and bottom land distance 25cm, and propagation tank adopts length to be the seedling-cultivating tray of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 600 holes/square metre net material;
E, to sow: put 1 by every 1 hole, bulbil be placed on an aperture of net every 1 discharge 1 row, evenly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Straw on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix;
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by one-period watering in 5 days, until emerge, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 20cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time;
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 20cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, urea, superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 90cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, result fertilizer is used when rattan seedling goes out to push up, result is fertile in MAP, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment two
A seedling-cultivating method for Chinese yam source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, Chinese yam is when on the ground Huang withers by cauline leaf, and from taking between axil or picking up bulbil, after drying in the air 2 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, storage period should note the plague of rats, and ventilation is in order to avoid fermentation is rotted;
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 60 order crackers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 6 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring;
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, water source easily soil as nursery;
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep ploughing 30cm, ridging is ditched, ditch wide 60cm, dark 30cm, and line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, is placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, to prop up net is placed in propagation tank, makes net and bottom land distance 25cm, and propagation tank adopts length to be the seedling-cultivating tray of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 600 holes/square metre net material;
E, to sow: put 1 by every 1 hole, bulbil be placed on an aperture of net every 1 discharge 1 row, evenly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Straw on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix;
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by one-period watering in 5 days, until emerge, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 20cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time;
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 25cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, urea, superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 95cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, result fertilizer is used when rattan seedling goes out to push up, result is fertile in MAP, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment three
A seedling-cultivating method for Chinese yam source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, Chinese yam is when on the ground Huang withers by cauline leaf, and from taking between axil or picking up bulbil, after drying in the air 2 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, storage period should note the plague of rats, and ventilation is in order to avoid fermentation is rotted;
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 70 order crackers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 7 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring;
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, water source easily soil as nursery;
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep ploughing 30cm, ridging is ditched, ditch wide 60cm, dark 30cm, and line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, is placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, to prop up net is placed in propagation tank, makes net and bottom land distance 25cm, and propagation tank adopts length to be the seedling-cultivating tray of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 700 holes/square metre net material;
E, to sow: put 1 by every 1 hole, bulbil be placed on an aperture of net every 1 discharge 1 row, evenly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Straw on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix;
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by one-period watering in 5 days, until emerge, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 25cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time;
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 30cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, urea, superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 100cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, result fertilizer is used when rattan seedling goes out to push up, result is fertile in MAP, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment four
A seedling-cultivating method for Chinese yam source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, Chinese yam is when on the ground Huang withers by cauline leaf, and from taking between axil or picking up bulbil, after drying in the air 3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, storage period should note the plague of rats, and ventilation is in order to avoid fermentation is rotted;
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 80 order crackers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 8 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring;
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, water source easily soil as nursery;
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep ploughing 30cm, ridging is ditched, ditch wide 60cm, dark 30cm, and line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, is placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, to prop up net is placed in propagation tank, makes net and bottom land distance 25cm, and propagation tank adopts length to be the seedling-cultivating tray of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 700 holes/square metre net material;
E, to sow: put 1 by every 1 hole, bulbil be placed on an aperture of net every 1 discharge 1 row, evenly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Straw on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix;
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by one-period watering in 5 days, until emerge, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 25cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time;
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 35cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, urea, superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 105cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, result fertilizer is used when rattan seedling goes out to push up, result is fertile in MAP, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment five
A seedling-cultivating method for Chinese yam source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, Chinese yam is when on the ground Huang withers by cauline leaf, and from taking between axil or picking up bulbil, after drying in the air 3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, storage period should note the plague of rats, and ventilation is in order to avoid fermentation is rotted;
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus, adopt 90 order crackers to pulverize, and is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 after pulverizing in mass ratio, spills the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 9 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring;
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, water source easily soil as nursery;
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep ploughing 30cm, ridging is ditched, ditch wide 60cm, dark 30cm, and line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, is placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, to prop up net is placed in propagation tank, makes net and bottom land distance 25cm, and propagation tank adopts length to be the seedling-cultivating tray of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 800 holes/square metre net material;
E, to sow: put 1 by every 1 hole, bulbil be placed on an aperture of net every 1 discharge 1 row, evenly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Straw on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix;
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by one-period watering in 5 days, until emerge, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 30cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time;
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 35cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, urea, superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 105cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, result fertilizer is used when rattan seedling goes out to push up, result is fertile in MAP, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Embodiment six
A seedling-cultivating method for Chinese yam source species, the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, Chinese yam is when on the ground Huang withers by cauline leaf, and from taking between axil or picking up bulbil, after drying in the air 3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, storage period should note the plague of rats, and ventilation is in order to avoid fermentation is rotted;
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus, 100 order crackers are adopted to pulverize, be the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 in mass ratio after pulverizing, spill the real fermentation of dung polluted water hydraulic pressure 10 days after stirring, use by 6000kg/ mu;
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, water source easily soil as nursery;
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep ploughing 30cm, ridging is ditched, ditch wide 60cm, dark 30cm, and line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, is placed in ditch by propagation tank, apply flat earth, to prop up net is placed in propagation tank, makes net and bottom land distance 25cm, and propagation tank adopts length to be the seedling-cultivating tray of 100 × 50 × 25cm, propping up net adopts aperture to be 0.5cm, 800 holes/square metre net material;
E, to sow: put 1 by every 1 hole, bulbil be placed on an aperture of net every 1 discharge 1 row, evenly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Straw on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix;
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by one-period watering in 5 days, until emerge, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 30cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time;
G, rich water quality management: use out seed manure during 40cm of emerging, go out seed manure with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, urea, superphosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, seedling fertilizer is used during height of seedling 110cm, seedling fertilizer is with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea carries out proportioning in the ratio of 3:7, join fertile 80kg/ mu, result fertilizer is used when rattan seedling goes out to push up, result is fertile in MAP, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out proportioning in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, join fertile 50kg/ mu, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
Claims (6)
1. a seedling-cultivating method for Chinese yam source species, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A, seed selection: before and after the Frost's Descent, Chinese yam is when on the ground Huang withers by cauline leaf, and from taking between axil or picking up bulbil, after drying in the air 2-3 days, be placed in bamboo basket, build or load wooden case storage, storage period should note the plague of rats, and ventilation is in order to avoid fermentation is rotted;
B, culture matrix: by wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus, after crushed mix and blend in mass ratio, spill dung polluted water hydraulic pressure real fermentation 5-10 days, use by 6000kg/ mu after stirring;
C, selection of land: choose illumination abundance, water source easily soil as nursery;
D, whole: the weeds foreign material stripping a field interior, deep ploughing 30cm, ridging is ditched, and ditch wide 60cm, dark 30cm, line-spacing takes rare close mode to ditch, thin line line-spacing 50cm, space-in line-spacing 20cm, propagation tank is placed in ditch, applies flat earth, net will be propped up and be placed in propagation tank, and make net and bottom land distance 25cm;
E, to sow: put 1 by every 1 hole, bulbil be placed on an aperture of net every 1 discharge 1 row, evenly spread by the culture matrix configured and cover on seed, thickness is 3cm.Straw on bedding, sprinkles water all moistening to culture matrix;
F, intertillage management: after sowing, by one-period watering in 5 days, until emerge, after emerging, the watering cycle was replaced by 15 days, after 20-30cm of emerging, sets up rattan support, and support is T-shaped support, and removes the weeds in nursery on time;
G, rich water quality management: during 20-40cm of emerging, use out seed manure, and spray Water soluble fertilizer and root taking sprout strengthening agent, use seedling fertilizer during height of seedling 90-110cm, use result fertilizer when rattan seedling goes out to push up, and sprinkle water according to weather condition.
2. the seedling-cultivating method of Chinese yam source species according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: wood powder, straw, rice hulls, organic detritus in described step b, adopting 50-100 order cracker to pulverize, is the ratio mix and blend of 3:3:2:2 in mass ratio after pulverizing.
3. the seedling-cultivating method of Chinese yam source species according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described steps d propagation tank adopt length be the seedling-cultivating tray of 100 × 50 × 25cm, net adopt aperture be 0.5cm, 600-800 hole/square metre net material.
4. the seedling-cultivating method of Chinese yam source species according to claim 1, is characterized in that: go out seed manure in described step g and carry out proportioning with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, urea, superphosphate in the ratio of 2:0.5:3.5:4, join fertile 60kg/ mu.
5. the seedling-cultivating method of Chinese yam source species according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step g, seedling fertilizer carries out proportioning with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea in the ratio of 3:7, joins fertile 80kg/ mu.
6. the seedling-cultivating method of Chinese yam source species according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step g, result fertilizer carries out proportioning with MAP, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the ratio of 1.5:8:0.5, joins fertile 50kg/ mu.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105230317A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-13 | 和县利民蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Pollution-free high-yield Chinese yam cultivation method |
| CN111011137A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-17 | 长江大学 | Chinese yam complementary part inclined plane seedling raising method |
| CN111587631A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-08-28 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Chinese yam tuber germination accelerating method |
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