CN103229656A - Corn-soybean intercropping planting method - Google Patents
Corn-soybean intercropping planting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of crops, and particularly relates to a corn-soybean intercropping planting method. The corn-soybean intercropping planting method comprises the steps of: sowing spring soybeans and corns at the same time for intercropping planting; and after harvesting the spring soybeans, planting summer soybeans in an intercropping manner among corn rows. The corn-soybean intercropping planting method can fully utilize the land and the solar-thermal resources, thereby realizing the purpose of increasing the total output of the corns and the soybeans.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of planting method of crops, be specifically related to the kind method for planting of a kind of corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting.
Background technology
Soybean is as important grain and oil dual-purpose crop and the raw material of animal feed albumen, and because of its industry chain length, the food variety that relates to is many, occupies critical role in national food safety.Guangxi is one of provinces and regions of China's southern area soybean acreage maximum, long-term cultivated area 240,000～280,000/ha, and wherein the area of corn interplanting soybean accounts for over half.Corn and soybean interplanting, not only can increase soil fertility by the nitrogen fixation of legume, utilize limited land resources, raise the multiple-cropping index, increase grain yield and farmers' income, and after the ripe results of corn, adopt maize straw to cover the field, reduce soil water evaporation, improve soil organic matter content, play water conservation and act on fertilely, significant for the sustainability that ensures China's grain-production.
But in the existing planting patterns that soybean and corn are interplanted, because corn is before interplant of bean, corn in the ranks light leak is serious, causes inter-row weed to be grown thickly, and has wasted soil and photo-thermal resource.
In addition, existing corn mostly is greatly at seeding time and adopts 0.7-1.0 rice is the planting patterns of leading such as line-spacing such as grade, then narrower owing to the corn line space the soybean that corn is interplanted in the ranks, increased the weight of the degree of coercing of shading of soybean, cause soybean yields low and stable inadequately, be not easy to the application of farming operation such as the field management of soybean and harvest corn and miniature seeding machine tool, so aforesaid way and be unfavorable for the plantation of soybean.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides the kind method for planting of a kind of corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting, this kind method for planting not only can take full advantage of soil and photo-thermal resource, suppress weedy, can also improve the soybean unit yield, realize receiving in corn, one season three of soybean, solve insufficient, the low in economic efficiency purpose of the utilization of resources in corn, the soybean intercropping and interplanting production process thereby reach.
For solving above technical problem, technical scheme of the present invention is to adopt the kind method for planting of a kind of corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting, and the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting carries out intercropping plant for adopting spring soybean and the corn sowing same period; Treat to plant summer soybean in corn interplanting in the ranks again after the spring soybean results.
Preferably, the intercropping plant mode of spring soybean and corn is two row corn intercrops, two row soybean.
Preferably, the interplanting planting patterns of summer soybean and corn is two row corn interplantings, two row soybean.
Preferably, the capable line space of two contiguous corns is 0.4 meter.
Preferably, the capable line space of corn of two interval soybean row is 1.4 meters.
Preferably, the capable line space of two contiguous spring soybeans is 0.4 meter, and two contiguous corns line space capable and that spring soybean is capable is 0.5 meter.
Preferably, the capable line space of two contiguous summer soybeans is 0.4 meter, and two contiguous corns line space capable and that summer soybean is capable is 0.5 meter.
Preferably, the capable corn of two contiguous corns is to plant in wrong cave.
Preferably, the soybean of two contiguous soybean row is the program request of wrong cave.
Preferably, the capable corn of two contiguous corns is to plant in the wrong cave of two strains; The soybean of two contiguous soybean row is the wrong cave program requests of 3 strains.
Compared with prior art, being described in detail as follows of technical solution of the present invention:
The technical solution used in the present invention is the kind method for planting of a kind of corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting, and the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting carries out intercropping plant for adopting spring soybean and the corn sowing same period; Treat to plant summer soybean in corn interplanting in the ranks again after the spring soybean results.
Spring soybean of the present invention refers to the soybean in the sowing in spring, belongs to the more weak precocity of short illumination or the crops of mid-early maturity type; Summer soybean of the present invention refers to the soybean in the sowing in summer.
The kind method for planting of corn of the present invention-soybean intercropping and interplanting mainly adopts on the basis of existing corn and summer soybean interplanting plantation, increase the intercropping plant of corn and spring soybean, thereby take full advantage of corn and summer soybean interplanting corn in early stage and plant corn in period land resources and photo-thermal resource in the ranks separately, avoid waste.
The inventor is through discovering fully, change the plantation of line-spacings such as corn into wide-narrow row planting after, maize yield increases to some extent; Simultaneously, owing in the time in early stage of corn planting, planted spring soybean the same period with corn, and gather in the crops the back at corn row interplant summer soybean at spring soybean, thereby the present invention plants method for planting can utilize soil and photo-thermal resource to reach the purpose of twice soybean of 1 year results fully, thereby has increased the output of soybean.
After the present invention adopts technique scheme, can gather in the crops a corn and twice soybean within 1 year, thereby utilize soil and photo-thermal resource fully, realize one seasons three receipts, reached the purpose that improves corn, soybean yields.
Further, the present invention adopts preferably that the intercropping plant mode of spring soybean and corn is two row corn intercrops, two row soybean in the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting; Further, preferably to adopt the interplanting planting patterns of the kind method for planting soybean in ancient name for China of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting and corn be two row corn interplantings, two row soybean in the present invention.
Can adopt the interplanting planting patterns of the intercropping plant mode of corn and spring soybean and corn and summer soybean to be set to the mode of single file corn intercrop spring soybean or interplanting summer soybean in the kind method for planting of corn of the present invention-soybean intercropping and interplanting, also can adopt the mode of multirow corn intercrop spring soybean or interplanting spring soybean; Preferably adopt the latter among the present invention, further be chosen as the mode of two row corn intercrop spring soybeans or interplanting summer soybean.
It is preferred among the present invention that to adopt the planting patterns with corn and spring soybean and summer soybean be the mode of interplanting summer soybean after the two row corn intercrop spring soybeans, no matter in this mode be corn or soybean, it all can reach the purpose that takes full advantage of soil and photo-thermal resource, thereby more effectively improves single variety output and the soybean gross yield of corn and soybean.If adopt the mode of single file corn intercrop single file spring soybean or interplanting single file summer soybean, then since soybean two adjacent rows to be corn capable, at this moment, corn is capable to shade more seriously to the soybean row, the soybean row can not get sufficient illumination resource, causes soybean yields lower.
If the mode of interplanting multirow summer soybean then because in the same soil, soybean line number amount is more, and corn is capable less, thereby causes maize yield to reduce after the employing single file corn intercrop multirow spring soybean.
Further, the present invention adopts preferably that the capable line space of two contiguous corns is 0.4 meter in the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting; Further, the present invention preferably adopt in the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting two at interval the capable line spaces of corn of soybean row be 1.4 meters.The present invention preferably adopts two kinds of capable line spaces of above-mentioned corn, is respectively wide row and narrow row; The corn of described wide behavior two interval soybean row is capable, and the line space of wide row is 1.4 meters; Described narrow row is that two contiguous corns are capable, and the line space of narrow row is 0.4 meter.The inventor is through discovering fully, adopt the line space of wide row of the present invention and narrow row to carry out the intercropping or interplanting plantation of corn and spring soybean and summer soybean after, corn and the soybean yields of gathering in the crops can further improve.
Further, the present invention adopts preferably that the capable line space of two contiguous spring soybeans is 0.4 meter in the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting, two contiguous corns capable with the capable line space of spring soybean be 0.5 meter; Further, the present invention adopts preferably that the capable line space of two contiguous summer soybeans is 0.4 meter in the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting, two contiguous corns capable with the capable line space of summer soybean be 0.5 meter.Confirm through great deal of experimental, of the present invention kind of method for planting is when the above-mentioned embodiment of preferred employing, especially the line space that Lin Jin spring soybean is capable or summer soybean is capable is 0.4 meter, and two are close to when corns are capable to be 0.5 meter with line space that spring soybean is capable or summer soybean is capable, and the corn of gathering in the crops and soybean yields can further improve.
Further, the present invention adopts preferably that the capable corn of two contiguous corns is to plant in wrong cave in the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting; Further, preferably to adopt the soybean of two contiguous soybean row in the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting be the program request of wrong cave in the present invention.The planting system of corn described in the present invention and the seeding method of soybean can adopt existing planting system commonly used, comprise that plant in wrong cave and the program request of wrong cave; The mode in wrong cave is plants the strain cave dislocation of the corn of two adjacent rows or soybean or program request.
Further, the present invention preferably adopts the corn that two contiguous corns are capable in the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting to plant for the wrong cave of two strains; The soybean of two contiguous soybean row is the wrong cave program requests of 3 strains.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Mode according to more existing preparation compositions prepares following each reference examples, and composition and content that each reference examples contains are as follows:
Embodiment 1
1) subjects: corn variety is that compact is stepped on sea 605, and the spring soybean kind is that precocious type is handed over and selected No. 2, and summer soybean varieties is precocious type osmanthus summer No. 4.
2) test area: modern grain-production demonstration base, hills, Sichuan, Zhu Jia township, Renshou County, Meishan City, Sichuan Province
3) test method:
Planting patterns (one): selected corn and summer soybean varieties are planted according to the method for existing interplanting plantation; Corn and summer soybean adopt the pattern of existing single file interplanting corn single file soybean, and the capable line space with the soybean row of corn is 0.5 meter.
Planting patterns (two): selected corn and spring soybean kind advanced person are in the ranks planted, treat again summer soybean and corn to be carried out the interplanting plantation after the spring soybean results; Corn and spring soybean or summer soybean adopt the pattern of existing single file corn intercrop or interplanting single file spring soybean or summer soybean, and the capable line space with the soybean row of corn is 0.5 meter.
In above-mentioned each planting patterns, the sowing time of corn and spring soybean is-month 1-March 17 that the sowing time of summer soybean is in 5-June 22 June.
Every mu of 3000-3300 strain of corn, the cave is apart from 43cm-45cm; Adopt program request or the nutrition method for culturing and transplanting seedlings that sticks together, implement wrong bunch planting kind or directional transplant, seedling, the back every cave final singling 2-3 strain of filling the gaps with seedlings during 3 leaves.Every mu of 7000 strains-8500 of soybean strain, the program request of wrong cave is adopted apart from 25cm-30cm in the cave, and 4-5 grain seed is lost in every cave, finishes the bonnet fine earth, the 2 leaves-3 leaf phase, in time fills the gaps with seedlings, thinning every cave final singling 2-3 strain.
Behind corn and the soybean planting on schedule traditional cultivation method carry out meticulous field management, comprise links such as fertilising, weeding, thinning are filled the gaps with seedlings, diseases and pests controlling, but want emphasis to note following link in the field management to soybean:
When (1) sowing, soybean is farmyard manure 400-500 kilogram for every mu, and the calcium mixture magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer is made base manure for 25 kilograms.Impose urea 5-10 kilogram seedling stage, potassium chloride 15-25 kilogram, poor as flower pod phase growing way, impose urea 3-5 kilogram again.Seed manure separates during sowing, and fertilizer imposes on the both sides of leaning on corn in the cave.
(2) during diseases and pests controlling, note the control to corn insect during corn, the soybean symbiosis, to reduce the influence to the symbiosis soybean; Soybean the drum grain phase of bearing pods in conjunction with pest control KH
2PO
4Foliage-spray 2 times is noted root rot, virus disease, the black latent fly of beans stalk and aphid are monitored and prevent and treat the time of infertility.
4) data statistic analysis: the field that various method for planting are implemented is 3-4 mu, and every mu is adopted a kind of kind of method for planting to come maize planting and soybean; Each is planted the corn of the final results in each field under the method for planting and the amount calculating mean value of soybean, and that measures the results are shown in the following table one.
Table one
As can be seen from the above table, planting patterns (one) is for only adopting the mode of corn and summer soybean interplanting plantation, and planting patterns (two) is to adopt corn and spring soybean intercropping plant earlier, adopt the mode of summer soybean and corn interplanting plantation then, the corn of gathering in the crops and the output of soybean increase, corn is increased to 526.31 kilograms/mu from 519.36 kilograms/mu, and rate of growth is 1.34%; The output of soybean is increased to 195.87 kilograms/mu from 110.33 kilograms/mu, and rate of growth is 77.5%.
Embodiment 2
The test procedure of embodiment 2 etc. all adopts the step of embodiment 1, and wherein, the planting patterns in the test method is amended as follows:
Planting patterns (three): selected corn and spring soybean kind advanced person are in the ranks planted, treat again summer soybean and corn to be carried out the interplanting plantation after the spring soybean results; Corn and spring soybean or summer soybean adopt the pattern of two row corn intercrops or interplanting two row spring soybeans or summer soybean, and corn adopts the plantation of width line mode.1.4 meters of the loose row of corn, 0.4 meter of narrow row; During the sowing soybean, plantation 2 row soybean in the loose row of corn, the soybean line space is 0.4 meter, corn and soybean line space are 0.5 meter.
Planting patterns (four): selected corn and spring soybean kind advanced person are in the ranks planted, treat again summer soybean and corn to be carried out the interplanting plantation after the spring soybean results; Corn and spring soybean or summer soybean adopt the pattern of two row corn intercrops or interplanting two row spring soybeans or summer soybean, and corn adopts the plantation of width line mode.1.5 meters of the loose row of corn, 0.45 meter of narrow row; During the sowing soybean, plantation 2 row soybean in the loose row of corn, the soybean line space is 0.5 meter, corn and soybean line space are 0.5 meter.
Planting patterns (five): selected corn and spring soybean kind advanced person are in the ranks planted, treat again summer soybean and corn to be carried out the interplanting plantation after the spring soybean results; Corn and spring soybean or summer soybean adopt the pattern of two row corn intercrops or interplanting two row spring soybeans or summer soybean, and corn adopts the plantation of width line mode.1.6 meters of the loose row of corn, 0.4 meter of narrow row; During the sowing soybean, plantation 2 row soybean in the loose row of corn, the soybean line space is 0.5 meter, corn and soybean line space are 0.55 meter.
Planting patterns (six): selected corn and spring soybean kind advanced person are in the ranks planted, treat again summer soybean and corn to be carried out the interplanting plantation after the spring soybean results; Corn and spring soybean or summer soybean adopt the pattern of two row corn intercrops or interplanting two row spring soybeans or summer soybean, and corn adopts the plantation of width line mode.1.2 meters of the loose row of corn, 0.3 meter of narrow row; During the sowing soybean, plantation 2 row soybean in the loose row of corn, the soybean line space is 0.4 meter, corn and soybean line space are 0.4 meter.
Simultaneously according to the mode of embodiment 1 embodiment 2 is carried out field trial, the averaging of income value is listed in the table below in two:
Table two
As can be seen from the above table, planting patterns (three) rate of growth of corn on planting patterns (fours') basis is 2.04%, and the rate of growth of soybean is 6.7%; Planting patterns (three) rate of growth of corn on planting patterns (fives') basis is 2.24%, and the rate of growth of soybean is 7.65%; Planting patterns (three) rate of growth of corn on planting patterns (sixs') basis is 2.37%, and the rate of growth of soybean is 9.14%; Therefore, the technical solution of the present invention preferred forms is for adopting 1.4 meters of the loose row of corn, 0.4 meter of narrow row; During the sowing soybean, plantation 2 row soybean in the loose row of corn, the soybean line space is 0.4 meter, corn and soybean line space are each crops line space of 0.5 meter.
Embodiment 3
With planting patterns (three) among the embodiment 2 according to the method for embodiment 1 under different times after planting the output mean value of the soybean of gained be listed in the table below three kinds, wherein the kind of spring soybean and summer soybean is respectively to hand over and selects No. 2 and osmanthus summer No. 1.
Table three
| Seedtime | Friendship is selected No. 2 | The osmanthus summer No. 1 |
| March 2 | 86.51 | — |
| March 9 | 76.67 | — |
| March 16 | 64.23 | — |
| June 5 | — | 141.38 |
| June 12 | — | 133.45 |
| June 20 | — | 126.14 |
As can be seen from the above table, adopt technical solution of the present invention behind different seedtime sowing soybean, the soybean yields of gathering in the crops has certain difference.
Only be preferred embodiment of the present invention below, should be pointed out that above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim institute restricted portion.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the kind method for planting of corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting is characterized in that: the kind method for planting of described corn-soybean intercropping and interplanting is sowed spring soybean and corn the same period for adopting, and carries out intercropping plant; Treat to plant summer soybean in corn interplanting in the ranks again after the spring soybean results.
2. the kind method for planting of corn according to claim 1-soybean intercropping and interplanting is characterized in that: the intercropping plant mode of spring soybean and corn is two row corn intercrops, two row soybean.
3. the kind method for planting of corn according to claim 2-soybean intercropping and interplanting is characterized in that: the interplanting planting patterns of summer soybean and corn is two row corn interplantings, two row soybean.
4. the kind method for planting of corn according to claim 3-soybean intercropping and interplanting is characterized in that: the capable line space of two contiguous corns is 0.4 meter.
5. the kind method for planting of corn according to claim 4-soybean part interplanting is characterized in that: two at interval the capable line spaces of corn of soybean row be 1.4 meters.
6. the kind method for planting of corn according to claim 5-soybean intercropping and interplanting is characterized in that: the capable line space of two contiguous spring soybeans is 0.4 meter, two contiguous corns capable with the capable line space of spring soybean be 0.5 meter.
7. the kind method for planting of corn according to claim 5-soybean intercropping and interplanting is characterized in that: the capable line space of two contiguous summer soybeans is 0.4 meter, two contiguous corns capable with the capable line space of summer soybean be 0.5 meter.
8. the kind method for planting of corn according to claim 1-soybean intercropping and interplanting is characterized in that: the capable corn of two contiguous corns is to plant in wrong cave.
9. the kind method for planting of corn according to claim 1-soybean intercropping and interplanting is characterized in that: the soybean of two contiguous soybean row are the program request of wrong cave.
10. the kind method for planting of corn according to claim 1-soybean intercropping and interplanting is characterized in that: the capable corn of two contiguous corns is to plant in the wrong cave of two strains; The soybean of two contiguous soybean row is the wrong cave program requests of 3 strains.
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Cited By (14)
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| CN103597979A (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-02-26 | 江苏天亮园林建设有限公司 | Corn and soybean interplanting method |
| CN104067831A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-01 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Maize intercropped with green manure soybean co-machine sowing and returning method |
| CN104686115A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 林天国 | September yellow soybean seedling culture transplantation method |
| CN105123247A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽格瑞农业开发有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting sweet corn and kidney beans |
| CN105399479A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-16 | 四川农业大学 | Corn soybean strip intercropping specific fertilizer and fertilization method |
| CN106069049A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 魏琦 | A kind of cultural method of interplanting corn Semen sojae atricolor |
| CN106134747A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-23 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Corn and soybean narrow strips intercropping plant method |
| CN106879403A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-23 | 四川农业大学 | Make chemical weed control method between a kind of corn soybean |
| CN106879355A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-06-23 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | The implantation methods of soybean are planted between a kind of corn |
| CN107046977A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-08-18 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of corn soybean composite plant method in Huang-Huai-Hai Shajiang black soil ground |
| CN107182486A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-22 | 黄辉健 | A kind of implantation methods of interplanting corn soya bean |
| CN107548913A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-09 | 翟笃震 | A kind of spring maize and the method for soybean interplanting of ripening in summer |
| CN109429948A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-08 | 王光勇 | The volume increase abridged edition implantation methods of soya bean are planted between a kind of corn |
| CN111543274A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-18 | 邵阳市农业科学研究院 | Corn and soybean relay intercropping whole-process mechanized production method |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103597979A (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-02-26 | 江苏天亮园林建设有限公司 | Corn and soybean interplanting method |
| CN104686115A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 林天国 | September yellow soybean seedling culture transplantation method |
| CN104067831A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-01 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Maize intercropped with green manure soybean co-machine sowing and returning method |
| CN105123247A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽格瑞农业开发有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting sweet corn and kidney beans |
| CN105399479B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2019-04-23 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of special fertilizer and fertilizing method for corn soybean strip cropping |
| CN105399479A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-16 | 四川农业大学 | Corn soybean strip intercropping specific fertilizer and fertilization method |
| CN106069049A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 魏琦 | A kind of cultural method of interplanting corn Semen sojae atricolor |
| CN106134747A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-23 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Corn and soybean narrow strips intercropping plant method |
| CN107046977A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-08-18 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of corn soybean composite plant method in Huang-Huai-Hai Shajiang black soil ground |
| CN106879403A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-23 | 四川农业大学 | Make chemical weed control method between a kind of corn soybean |
| CN106879355A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-06-23 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | The implantation methods of soybean are planted between a kind of corn |
| CN107182486A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-22 | 黄辉健 | A kind of implantation methods of interplanting corn soya bean |
| CN107548913A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-09 | 翟笃震 | A kind of spring maize and the method for soybean interplanting of ripening in summer |
| CN109429948A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-08 | 王光勇 | The volume increase abridged edition implantation methods of soya bean are planted between a kind of corn |
| CN111543274A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-18 | 邵阳市农业科学研究院 | Corn and soybean relay intercropping whole-process mechanized production method |
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Application publication date: 20130807 |