CN107172990A - A kind of red sage root crop field propagation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a field propagation method of salvia miltiorrhiza, comprising the following steps: applying agricultural base fertilizer; plowing the land, covering with plastic film, and drilling holes; planting root segments; watering, and normal field management until the salvia miltiorrhiza matures. The method of the present invention adopts the asexual reproduction of root segments and the film-covering technology to solve the shortcoming of the long growth cycle of Salvia miltiorrhiza, shorten the three-year period to 12 months, retain water and moisture, inhibit the growth of weeds, and reduce root-knot nematodes, root rot, etc. The occurrence of diseases has increased the germination rate and greatly increased the yield per mu of Salvia miltiorrhiza, with an average yield of 480kg dry product per mu, providing a good method for implementing agricultural green and pollution-free production.

Description

A kind of Danshen field propagation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation methods, and in particular relates to a field propagation method of salvia miltiorrhiza.

Background technique

Salvia miltiorrhiza is a perennial herb of the Lamiaceae genus Salvia. Its roots and rhizomes are used as medicine. It was first recorded in the "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" in the Eastern Han Dynasty and listed as a top grade. It has the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Both are distributed and cultivated. Field propagation of Salvia miltiorrhiza is usually done by live-seeding seedlings. The emergence of seedlings is uneven. After seedlings are transplanted and grown in the field until they are harvested, it takes three years. The yield is low and there are many diseases and insect pests.

Asexual propagation technology can solve the shortcoming of long seed growth cycle. Asexual propagation technology includes root cuttings, leaf cuttings, branch cuttings and other types. According to different plant growth characteristics, different cutting types are selected. How to combine the asexual reproduction technology with the reproduction of Salvia miltiorrhiza to shorten the growth cycle of Salvia miltiorrhiza has become a necessary research direction.

However, the existing propagation method of Salvia miltiorrhiza has the problems of low germination rate and uncontrollable medicinal material quality.

Contents of the invention

The field propagation method of salvia miltiorrhiza provided by the invention solves the problems of low germination rate and uncontrollable quality of medicinal materials in the existing propagation method of salvia miltiorrhiza.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for propagation of Salvia miltiorrhiza in the field, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, applying agricultural base fertilizer in the planting field;

Step 2, plow the land deeply, and form the field into a 1.2-meter-wide furrow. The surface of the furrow is covered with plastic film, and then holes are drilled so that each ground hole passes through the plastic film;

Step 3, select freshly excavated Salvia miltiorrhiza, choose the root bar of Salvia miltiorrhiza that is straight, disease-free, ruddy in color and 0.3-0.5cm in diameter as the seed root, and set aside;

Step 4. When planting, manually break the seed root into 4-5cm long seed root segments, insert the seed root segments into the ground hole in the order of the root segments up and down, and cover the soil until it exceeds the ground by 2 cm;

Step 5, after planting the root section, water each ground hole once, and properly cultivate the ground to level off;

Step 6, normal field management until the salvia miltiorrhiza matures.

Preferably, in the above propagation method, step 1 further includes applying the fungicide carbendazim, and the application rate of carbendazim is 10 kg/mu.

Preferably, in the above breeding method, the agricultural base fertilizer described in step 1 is the agricultural base fertilizer obtained after decomposing waste feed in the breeding process, including feces, urine, flushing waste water, rapeseed residues of livestock and poultry.

Preferably, in the above breeding method, the application rate of the agricultural base fertilizer is 2000kg/mu.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned propagation method, in step 2, the row spacing of adjacent rows of ground holes is 30 cm, the hole spacing of adjacent ground holes in each row is 15 cm, and the depth of each ground hole is 6 cm.

Compared with the prior art, the field propagation method of Salvia miltiorrhiza provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1, the method of the present invention adopts the asexual propagation of root section, film-covering technology, solves the shortcoming of the long growth cycle of Salvia miltiorrhiza, shortens the three-year period to 12 months, retains water and moisture, inhibits the growth of weeds, and reduces root-knot nematodes and root rot It provides a good method for agricultural production.

2, the method of the present invention has improved germination rate, germination uniformity, utilizes seed to germinate, and the seed seedling that gathers in the year grows seedlings, germination rate is about 70%, and adopts the method germination rate of planting of root section of the present invention to be able to improve to 98% Above, the yield per mu is greatly increased, and the average yield per mu reaches 480kg dry product; before artificial root division cultivation, a preliminary screening is carried out to select the roots and stems of pests and diseases to reduce the probability of continued occurrence of pests and diseases; the field operation is simple and fast, the promotion is very convenient, and the yield of pests and diseases is high. Less, with good application prospects.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Example 1

A method for field propagation of Salvia miltiorrhiza, specifically comprising the following steps:

Step 1, applying agricultural base fertilizer in the planting field, wherein the application rate of agricultural base fertilizer is 2000kg/mu;

Step 2. The rotary tiller plows the land deeply. The depth of deep plowing is 20-50cm, and the field is formed into a furrow with a width of 1.2 meters. The length is determined according to the specific length of the field. Each ground hole passes through the plastic film, the row spacing of adjacent rows of ground holes is 30cm, the hole spacing of adjacent ground holes in each row is 15cm, and the depth of each ground hole is 6cm;

Step 3, select freshly excavated Salvia miltiorrhiza, choose the root bar of Salvia miltiorrhiza that is straight, disease-free, ruddy in color and 0.3-0.5cm in diameter as the seed root, and set aside;

Step 4. When planting, manually break the seed root into 4-5cm long seed root segments, follow the order of the root segments (the part near the end of the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza is the bottom, and the other end is the top), and pass the seed root segments through The plastic film is inserted into the ground hole, and the lower part of the root section is facing down, covering the soil until it exceeds 2cm above the ground, and the planting time is in March in spring; breaking the seed root by hand is fast and does not damage the root. Using scissors can easily cause root disease and affect survival ;

Step 5, after the root section is planted, water each hole once, and properly cultivate the soil until the ground is flat;

Step 6: Normal field management until the salvia miltiorrhiza matures, and the harvest time is March of the following year.

Example 2

A method for field propagation of Salvia miltiorrhiza, specifically comprising the following steps:

Step 1, apply agricultural base fertilizer in the planting field, wherein the application rate of agricultural base fertilizer is 2000kg/mu, and apply the commercially available fungicide carbendazim to the field prone to bacterial contamination, and the application rate of carbendazim is 10kg/acre;

Step 2. The rotary tiller plows the land deeply, and the field is formed into a 1.2-meter-wide furrow. The length is determined according to the specific length of the field. The surface of the furrow is covered with plastic film, and then holes are drilled so that each ground hole passes through the plastic film. The row spacing of adjacent rows of ground holes is 30cm, the hole spacing of adjacent ground holes in each row is 15cm, and the depth of each ground hole is 6cm;

Step 3, select freshly excavated Salvia miltiorrhiza, choose the root bar of Salvia miltiorrhiza that is straight, disease-free, ruddy in color and 0.3-0.5cm in diameter as the seed root, and set aside;

Step 4. When planting, manually break the seed root into 4-5cm long seed root segments, and insert the seed root segments through the plastic film into the ground hole according to the order of the root segments, with the lower part of the seed root segment facing down, and cover the soil until 2cm above the ground, the planting time is March in spring;

Step 5, after the root section is planted, water each hole once, and properly cultivate the soil until the ground is flat;

Step 6: Normal field management until the salvia miltiorrhiza matures, and the harvest time is March of the following year.

It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned examples, the agricultural base fertilizer described in step 1 is the agricultural base fertilizer obtained after decomposing the waste feed in the breeding process of livestock and poultry feces, urine, flushing wastewater, rapeseed residue, and The mass fraction of organic matter in the agricultural basal fertilizer is 45%, and its environmental quality meets the third-level requirements of the "Soil Environmental Quality Standard" (GB 15618-1995).

In the early germination period of Salvia miltiorrhiza, the base fertilizer of the land is relatively sufficient, which provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of weeds, and the competition between weeds and Salvia miltiorrhiza will seriously affect its growth and increase pests and diseases. The technology of perforating and mulching on the furrows can retain water and moisture, while inhibiting the growth of weeds, reducing labor, and greatly improving the yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

Utilize the propagation method of the present invention, the growth period of salvia miltiorrhiza is shortened from three years to 12 months, greatly reducing the time cost, the average yield per mu reaches 480kg dry product, which is 80% higher than the yield per mu of conventional propagation methods, water conservation and moisture conservation, Inhibit the growth of weeds, reduce the occurrence of diseases such as root-knot nematodes and root rot; utilize the existing technology of seed germination, the seedlings harvested in the same year have a germination rate of about 70%, and the seedlings planted by the root section of the present invention The germination rate of the method can be increased to more than 98%, which provides a good method for agricultural production.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept is appreciated. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to cover the preferred embodiment as well as all changes and modifications which fall within the scope of the invention.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (5)

1. a Danshen field propagation method is characterized in that, comprising the following steps: Step 1, applying agricultural base fertilizer in the planting field; Step 2, plow the land deeply, and form the field into a 1.2-meter-wide furrow. The surface of the furrow is covered with plastic film, and then holes are drilled so that each ground hole passes through the plastic film; Step 3, select freshly excavated Salvia miltiorrhiza, choose the root bar of Salvia miltiorrhiza that is straight, disease-free, ruddy in color and 0.3-0.5cm in diameter as the seed root, and set aside; Step 4. When planting, manually break the seed root into 4-5cm long seed root segments, insert the seed root segments into the ground hole in the order of the root segments up and down, and cover the soil until it exceeds the ground by 2 cm; Step 5, after the root section is planted, water each hole once, and properly cultivate the soil until the ground is flat; Step 6, normal field management until the salvia miltiorrhiza matures. 2. The field propagation method of Salvia miltiorrhiza according to claim 1, characterized in that step 1 also includes applying the fungicide carbendazim, and the application rate of carbendazim is 10 kg/mu. 3. The field propagation method of Salvia miltiorrhiza according to claim 1, characterized in that the agricultural base fertilizer described in step 1 is feces of livestock and poultry, urine, flushing waste water, residue after rapeseed pressing, waste feed decomposed in the breeding process The obtained agricultural base fertilizer. 4. The field propagation method of Salvia miltiorrhiza according to claim 3, characterized in that, the application rate of the agricultural base fertilizer is 2000kg/mu. 5. the field propagation method of Salvia miltiorrhiza according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step 2, the row spacing of adjacent rows of ground holes is 30cm, and the hole spacing of adjacent ground holes in each row is 15cm, and each ground hole The depth is 6cm.