CN105123381A - Seedling culturing method for cyclocarya paliurus - Google Patents
Seedling culturing method for cyclocarya paliurus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123381A CN105123381A CN201510430242.9A CN201510430242A CN105123381A CN 105123381 A CN105123381 A CN 105123381A CN 201510430242 A CN201510430242 A CN 201510430242A CN 105123381 A CN105123381 A CN 105123381A
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- green money
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling culturing method for a cyclocarya paliurus, and belongs to the technical field of tree propagation. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting seeds; (2) processing the seeds; (3) transplanting the seeds; (4) and fix planting the seedlings. A method of imitating original ecology is used, and the technical process is simple and low in cost. Only limited farmyard manure and phosphate fertilizer are used, and any chemical reagent and expensive equipment are not used, germination rate and survival rate of the seedlings are high, and scale development of a cyclocarya paliurus industry is greatly promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow, belong to tree propagation technical field.
Background technology
Blue or green money willow (Cyclocaryapaliurus.); another name: cash cow, numb willow, blue or green money Lee, mountain fiber crops willow, Shan Huashu; for Dicotyledoneae Juglandaceae cyclocarya plant; national second class protection seeds; normal growth is in the forest that the mountain region of height above sea level 500 ~ 2500 meters is moistening; in the secondary virgin forest around the ground of buffering such as Jiangxi, Hunan, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Taiwan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong and southeastern Yunnan; all find that there is a small amount of wild blue or green money willow, average more than 150 years of the age of tree.Blue or green money Liu Gaoda 10 ~ 30 meters, bark grey, branch pitchy, tool lark hole skin.Blue or green money willow is the rare tree species that glacier four discipline survives, and exists only in China, is described as botanic giant panda, the 3rd tree of medical circle.
One of rare endangered and endemic plant of autogenus that Qing Qianliushi China lays special stress on protecting, has very high protection and development and application values.Record according to " Chinese medicine resource will will ", the heat-clearing of Qingqian Willow leaf tool is quenched one's thirst the effect of removing toxic substances." national Chinese herbal medicine name mirror " is recorded, and blue or green money willow bark, leaf, root have killing parasites to relieve itshing, effect that anti-inflammatory analgetic dispels the wind.Tcm clinical practice is used for the treatment of diabetes, because it has pharmacological action obviously can reduce blood sugar, fat reducing fat and glucose in urine.
Modern science experiment finds, Qingqian Willow leaf is containing polysaccharide, triterpene, saponin(e, the multiple important effective component such as flavones, also detect amino acid simultaneously, vitamin, germanium, selenium, chromium, vanadium, zinc, iron, the trace element of the multiple preciousness such as calcium, body immunity can be strengthened, anti-oxidant, anti-ageing, suitable for modern three high class chronic disease is drunk by people, can effectively reduce triglyceride and cholesterol, there is the natural hypotensive of mystery, hypoglycemic, the function of reducing blood lipid, simultaneously to enhancing body immunity, anti-oxidant, anti-ageing, protect the liver fatty liver and there is unique effect, especially to diabetic population, there is remarkable hypoglycemic effect.
Blue or green money willow has high protection and development and application values.But existing blue or green money willow resource mainly natural forest, not only quantity is few, and how to be sporadicly distributed in remote, thickly forested mountains and some nature reserves.The absorption of the sclerotin shell obstruction moisture that blue or green money willow seed is thick and hard and oxygen, forms seed deep dormancy habit, causes seeding ratio low.General under conventional seed planting condition, after planting need next year even just to sprout after 2 years, and planting percent is low, therefore sexual propagation coefficient is lower, and this has had a strong impact on exploitation and the industrialization process of blue or green money willow.At present, there is no the successful experience of a large amount of artificial propagation and the blue or green money willow of cultivation both at home and abroad, also seldom the research of this respect is reported.Therefore, the artificial propagation techniques studying blue or green money willow becomes the task of top priority developing blue or green money willow.
Inventor herein learns after deliberation, improve germination rate and the survival rate of blue or green money willow seed, no matter adopt which kind of technical method and means, nothing more than being make the hard shell deliquescing of blue or green money willow seed become loose thinning and create the resting stage that the conditions such as suitable humidity temperature break seed and impel its embryo to sprout.Inventor herein, through through exploration for many years, summarizes the technical method of a set of simulated primitive ecology, can significantly improve germination rate and the seedling percent of the nursery of blue or green money willow, can realize gathering seed seedling-raising then, next year seedling can go out garden plantation.
The propagation method of blue or green money willow, mainly contains cuttage, grafting, press strip, plant division, sowing 5 kinds of methods, and wherein to adopt cuttage comparatively general, breeding amount is inferior to grafting, sowing.From the blue or green money willow nursery prior art recognized at present and example, be not quite similar by the effect that the methods such as cuttage, grafting, sowing are carried out acquired by nursery breeding, some germination rates and seedling percent are not high, although some germination rates and seedling percent higher, the cost of breeding is higher.
At present, also some are had to study the processing method of blue or green money willow seed, as " a kind of processing method of blue or green money willow seed " that Chinese invention patent application number is 201410771271.7, disclose a kind of processing method of blue or green money willow seed, comprise step (1) to collect seed, remove fruit wing, mechanically wear down seed coat; (2) add in alkaline synthetic detergent clear water and crumple elutriation 6 ~ 8 times, remove part mortifier in seed coat; (3) low-warm-low alternating temperature stratification is adopted to process breaking dormancy technology in conjunction with plant growth regulator (gibberellin), vernalization process.The suppression of blue or green money willow seed sprouting can be eliminated or alleviate to the method for this invention, and accelerate and improve the sprouting of blue or green money willow seed, obtain higher germination rate (78.1 ~ 82.6%), can realize the seed of gathering then, spring next year gets final product seeding and seedling raising.Chinese invention patent application number is " a kind of method improving blue or green money willow percentage of seedgermination " of 201310470478.6, discloses a kind of method improving blue or green money willow percentage of seedgermination, comprises the following steps: (1) alkalization seed soaking; (2) the rich nitrogen process of vibration decompression; (3) vernalization process.The method of this invention can promote the sprouting of blue or green money willow seed to obtain higher germination rate, and under relative low temperature environment, can obtain higher survival rate of seedling.
But above-mentioned two invention disclosed patents, it is only the process to blue or green money willow seed, do not relate to the seedling growing process of whole blue or green money willow, and the process more complicated of process, cost is also higher, some technology are also just limited to laboratory technique, realize large-scale production and apply in addition a lot of sport technique segment and will capture.
Given this, be necessary the seedling-cultivating method studying a kind of blue or green money willow, promote that blue or green money willow industry realizes large-scale development with this, for mountain area masses' economic development, shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity and find an effective approach.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art; the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow is provided; the present invention adopts the method for imitative original ecology; technical process is simple, cost is low; only use limited nitrogenous fertilizer and farmyard manure; do not use any chemical reagent and expensive equipment, the germination rate of seed and the survival rate of seedling high, greatly facilitate the large-scale development of blue or green money willow industry.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow, comprises the steps:
(1) gather seed: the annual the middle ten days in October, the dry seeds gathering the immature seed on wild blue or green money willow and land, is seed;
(2) seed treatment: get the seed that step (1) collection is come, after removing the fruit wing, imbeds in sand drift, carries out sand and bury moisturizing process, and with plant ash solution spray, obtains huskyly to bury the seed after moisturizing process;
(3) transplanting of seed: the seed after step (2) sand is buried moisturizing process takes out from sand drift, after removing the seed coat that rots, spread one deck equably in processed nursery plot, then on seed, cover the fine earth of thick layer 1 ~ 3cm, cover one deck mulch film again, then cover plastic tunnel, treat seed germination;
(4) Seeding planting: until step (3) described seed sprouting and after growing leaf, transplant planting in ground, and applies fertilizer, shower water irrigate normal root, obtain blue or green money willow seedling.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, the growing environment of the described wild blue or green money willow of step (1) is height above sea level 800 ~ 1000 meters, and the color of described immature seed is half blue or green half Huang, and described dry seeds is the dry seeds landed then.
Further, step (2) described sand buries moisturizing and is treated to and first lays one deck river sand, re-lay one deck seed, then staggeredly to lay with this, and seed sunshade net tiling is surrounded before laying, after 3 ~ 4 layers of seed to be laid, seed-bearing sand drift must be buried.
Further, described river sand is mild-crude river sand, and the humidity of described sand drift is 80 ~ 90%.
Generally speaking, the thickness of sand is divided into 4 grades by modulus of fineness, i.e. coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand.Wherein, coarse sand: modulus of fineness is 3.7 ~ 3.1, average grain diameter is more than 0.5mm; Medium sand: modulus of fineness is 3.0 ~ 2.3, average grain diameter is 0.5 ~ 0.35mm.
Further, step (2) described sand bury site condition that moisturizing process chooses be height above sea level 600 ~ 900 meters, outdoor, sunlight according to solarization time≤12h and humidity remains on 80 ~ 90%, the time that described immature seed sand buries moisturizing process is 4 ~ 6 months, the time that described dry seeds sand buries moisturizing process is 15 ~ 18 months, the thickness of described sand drift intermediate layer river sand is 14 ~ 16cm, the thickness of top layer river sand is 45 ~ 55cm, and the humidity of described sand drift is 80 ~ 90%.
Further, the number of times of the described plant ash solution spray of step (2) is 1 ~ 2 time, and described plant ash solution is fired into ash with the dry rice straw bar of paddy rice and makes solution, and mass concentration is 30 ~ 40%.
Further, the processing mode in the described nursery plot of step (3) is first in plot surrounding excavation drain ditch, is then smashed carefully by the soil layer on surface, plot, applies phosphate fertilizer simultaneously.
Further, the width in described plot is 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, and the amount of application of described phosphate fertilizer is every 667m
2plot use the phosphate fertilizer of 1000kg.
Further, during step (3) described plastic mulching, with soil by the compacting of mulch film surrounding, the humidity in described plastic tunnel is 80 ~ 90%, and temperature is 18 ~ 25 DEG C.
Further, the line-spacing of step (4) described transplanting seedling is 25cm, and spacing in the rows is 15cm, and described fertilising is farmyard manure and phosphate fertilizer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the present invention adopts the method for imitative original ecology; technical process is simple, cost is low; only use limited nitrogenous fertilizer and farmyard manure; do not use any chemical reagent and expensive equipment; the germination rate of seed and the survival rate of seedling high, greatly facilitate the large-scale development of blue or green money willow industry.
(2) time of seed collection of the present invention is the annual the middle ten days in October, selecting of acquisition time, is the key factor ensureing nursery success and obtain compared with high germination rate.
(3) sand of the present invention buries processing method, can improve the germination rate of seed, and in the Their Seed Germinating Period of 2 years, the germination rate of seed can reach 75 ~ 85%.
(4) sand of the present invention bury the site condition that moisturizing process chooses be height above sea level 600 ~ 900 meters, outdoor, sunlight according to solarization time≤12h and humidity remains on 80 ~ 90%, this is one of simulated primitive ecology nursery key condition.
(5) seed is transplanted in nursery plot and is carried out moisture-heat preservation process by the present invention, is that seed obtains one of high germination rate and survival rate key factor.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with specific embodiment, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
(1) gather seed: the annual the middle ten days in October, the dry seeds gathering the immature seed on wild blue or green money willow and land, the color of described immature seed is half blue or green half Huang, and described dry seeds is the dry seeds landed then, is seed;
(2) seed treatment: get the seed that step (1) collection is come, after removing the fruit wing, imbeds in sand drift, carries out sand and bury moisturizing process, and with plant ash solution spray, obtains huskyly to bury the seed after moisturizing process;
Described sand buries moisturizing and is treated to and first lays one deck river sand, re-lay one deck seed, then staggeredly to lay with this, and seed sunshade net tiling is surrounded before laying, after 3 ~ 4 layers of seed to be laid, must bury seed-bearing sand drift;
Described river sand is mild-crude river sand, and the humidity of described sand drift is 80 ~ 90%;
Described sand bury site condition that moisturizing process chooses be height above sea level 600 ~ 900 meters, outdoor, sunlight according to solarization time≤12h and humidity remains on 80 ~ 90%;
The time that described immature seed sand buries moisturizing process is 4 ~ 6 months, and the time that described dry seeds sand buries moisturizing process is 15 ~ 18 months;
The thickness of described sand drift intermediate layer river sand is 14 ~ 16cm, and the thickness of top layer river sand is 45 ~ 55cm, and the humidity of described sand drift is 80 ~ 90%;
The number of times of described plant ash solution spray is 1 ~ 2 time, and described plant ash solution is fired into ash with the dry rice straw bar of paddy rice and makes solution, and mass concentration is 30 ~ 40%;
(3) transplanting of seed: the seed after step (2) sand is buried moisturizing process takes out from described sand drift, after removing the seed coat that rots, spread one deck equably in processed nursery plot, then on seed, cover the fine earth of thick layer 1 ~ 3cm, cover one deck mulch film again, then cover plastic tunnel, treat seed germination;
The processing mode in described nursery plot is first in plot surrounding excavation drain ditch, is then smashed carefully by the soil layer on surface, plot, applies phosphate fertilizer simultaneously;
The width in described plot is 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, and the amount of application of described phosphate fertilizer is every 667m
2plot use the phosphate fertilizer of 1000kg;
During described plastic mulching, with soil by the compacting of mulch film surrounding, the humidity in described plastic tunnel is 80 ~ 90%, and temperature is 18 ~ 25 DEG C;
(4) Seeding planting: until step (3) described seed sprouting and after growing leaf, transplant planting in ground, and applies fertilizer, shower water irrigate normal root, obtain blue or green money willow seedling;
The line-spacing of described transplanting seedling is 25cm, and spacing in the rows is 15cm, and described fertilising is farmyard manure and phosphate fertilizer.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a seedling-cultivating method for blue or green money willow, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) gather seed: the annual the middle ten days in October, the dry seeds gathering the immature seed on wild blue or green money willow and land, is seed;
(2) seed treatment: get the seed that step (1) collection is come, after removing the fruit wing, imbeds in sand drift, carries out sand and bury moisturizing process, and with plant ash solution spray, obtains huskyly to bury the seed after moisturizing process;
(3) transplanting of seed: the seed after step (2) sand is buried moisturizing process takes out from sand drift, after removing the seed coat that rots, spread one deck equably in processed nursery plot, then on seed, cover the fine earth of thick layer 1 ~ 3cm, cover one deck mulch film again, then cover plastic tunnel, treat seed germination;
(4) Seeding planting: until step (3) described seed sprouting and after growing leaf, transplant planting in ground, and applies fertilizer, shower water irrigate normal root, obtain blue or green money willow seedling.
2. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the growing environment of the described wild blue or green money willow of step (1) is height above sea level 800 ~ 1000 meters, and the color of described immature seed is half blue or green half Huang, and described dry seeds is the dry seeds landed then.
3. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (2) described sand buries moisturizing and is treated to and first lays one deck river sand, re-lay one deck seed, then with this staggered laying, and before laying, seed sunshade net tiling is surrounded, after 3 ~ 4 layers of seed to be laid, seed-bearing sand drift must be buried.
4. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described river sand is mild-crude river sand, and the humidity of described sand drift is 80 ~ 90%.
5. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (2) described sand bury site condition that moisturizing process chooses be height above sea level 600 ~ 900 meters, outdoor, sunlight according to solarization time≤12h and humidity remains on 80 ~ 90%, the time that described immature seed sand buries moisturizing process is 4 ~ 6 months, the time that described dry seeds sand buries moisturizing process is 15 ~ 18 months, the thickness of described sand drift intermediate layer river sand is 14 ~ 16cm, the thickness of top layer river sand is 45 ~ 55cm, and the humidity of described sand drift is 80 ~ 90%.
6. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the number of times of the described plant ash solution spray of step (2) is 1 ~ 2 time, and described plant ash solution is fired into ash with the dry rice straw bar of paddy rice and makes solution, and mass concentration is 30 ~ 40%.
7. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, the processing mode in the described nursery plot of step (3) is first in plot surrounding excavation drain ditch, is then smashed carefully by the soil layer on surface, plot, applies phosphate fertilizer simultaneously.
8. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow according to claim 7, the width in described plot is 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter, and the amount of application of described phosphate fertilizer is every 667m
2plot use the phosphate fertilizer of 1000kg.
9. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, during step (3) described plastic mulching, with soil by the compacting of mulch film surrounding, humidity in described plastic tunnel is 80 ~ 90%, and temperature is 18 ~ 25 DEG C.
10. the seedling-cultivating method of a kind of blue or green money willow according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, the line-spacing of step (4) described transplanting seedling is 25cm, and spacing in the rows is 15cm, and described fertilising is farmyard manure and phosphate fertilizer.
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| CN105900771A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-31 | 剑河兴农林木种苗专业合作社 | Cyclocarya paliurus propagating method |
| CN106342642A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 四川聚峰谷农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for quickly cultivating Jacaranda mimosifolia seedlings |
| CN106577115A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-26 | 安徽省彩枫农林科技有限公司 | Planting method for winter sowing and seedling cultivation of cyclocarya paliurus |
| CN107094607A (en) * | 2017-05-07 | 2017-08-29 | 陆志青 | A kind of willow seeding growing seedlings method |
| CN107371753A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-24 | 贵州侗乡生态农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of blue or green money willow seedling |
| CN109089578A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-28 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A method of improving powder branch willow vegetative propagation survival rate |
| CN114503869A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Construction method of early-fruiting dwarfing cyclocarya paliurus seed garden |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105900771A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-31 | 剑河兴农林木种苗专业合作社 | Cyclocarya paliurus propagating method |
| CN106342642A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 四川聚峰谷农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for quickly cultivating Jacaranda mimosifolia seedlings |
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| CN107094607A (en) * | 2017-05-07 | 2017-08-29 | 陆志青 | A kind of willow seeding growing seedlings method |
| CN107371753A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-24 | 贵州侗乡生态农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of blue or green money willow seedling |
| CN109089578A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-28 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A method of improving powder branch willow vegetative propagation survival rate |
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| CN114503869A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Construction method of early-fruiting dwarfing cyclocarya paliurus seed garden |
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| CN105123381B (en) | 2017-09-05 |
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