CN106212015A - A kind of implantation methods of Radix Asparagi - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of Radix Asparagi Download PDFInfo
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- CN106212015A CN106212015A CN201610632107.7A CN201610632107A CN106212015A CN 106212015 A CN106212015 A CN 106212015A CN 201610632107 A CN201610632107 A CN 201610632107A CN 106212015 A CN106212015 A CN 106212015A
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- seed
- radix asparagi
- discharge nozzle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Radix Asparagi implantation methods in Radix Asparagi field of planting, including selection of land wholely, seed selection is collected seed, Seeds preprocess, sowing, seedling management, trickle is kept a full stand of seedings, topdress, the step such as built and insect pest preventing and controlling, compare traditional cultivation method and add the pretreatment of seed, use to open and offer joint-cutting on skin device seed prior to seeding, break the hard seed coat that is of close texture, improve the speed of neutron absorption moisture, increase embryo and absorb the efficiency of moisture, make seed can absorb the moisture enough sprouted at short notice, remain the seed coat of seed, further increase the germination rate of seed, solve traditional method and seed is only carried out immersion treatment, the early-stage preparations time is oversize, pretreatment cost is the highest, remove the problems such as seed germination rate is low after seed coat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Radix Asparagi field of planting, be specifically related to the implantation methods of a kind of Radix Asparagi.
Background technology
Radix Asparagi, for Liliaceae, Asparagus herbaceos perennial.It is a kind of climbing herb plant in Liliaceae,
Often bloom in 5 July, be distributed in China East China, Central-South, Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Taiwan, Guizhou etc.
Save, with Guangxi, Guangdong cultivated area be big.Be grown on more hill border dark and damply, in hilly ground bushes or the thick grass of hillside, one
As excavate in autumn, winter.Radix Asparagi is widely distributed in China, and it has high medicinal and edibility Radix Asparagi the tuber to be
Conventional Chinese medicine, its sweet in the mouth, hardship, cold, nontoxic, there are nourshing Yin and drynsessmoistening prescription, YIN nourishing and the production of body fluid promoting, lung moistening to clear away heart-fire, effects such as cough-relieving of relieving inflammation or internal heat.Just
Due to effect that these are good, thus Radix Asparagi tuber is usually used in treating dryness of the lung dry cough, cough due to consumptive disease, the mistake thirsty, vexed of Tianjin wound
The diseases such as dormancy, interior-heat are quenched one's thirst, dryness of the intestine constipation, diphtheria.Radix Asparagi tuber is internal contains the multiple nutritional labeling fabulous to human body,
The medical value of Radix Asparagi the most on the books in multiple medicine item.
For a long time, Radix Asparagi crude drug source is mainly based on wild collection, and the cultivation technique of Radix Asparagi does not cause
Too many concern.Along with the market increase to medical material Radix Asparagi demand and the drastically minimizing of wild resource, gather wild Tianmen
Winter not only can not meet the market demand, destroys ecological environment and Radix Asparagi wild resource on the contrary.Thus people gradually start right
The wild change man of Radix Asparagi plants cultivation technique, high-yield culture technique etc. and is put into practice.
The reproduction technique of Radix Asparagi is mainly seminal propagation, root division and tissue culture propagation etc., these breeding sides at present
Method is all at the early-stage, does not the most also have the experience that effective Successful Practice is applied, thus cannot provide kind of a source in a large number, greatly
Area plantation is suppressed.The seed of Radix Asparagi is coated in berry, and berry is black ball shape, and diameter 3-5mm belongs to medium-sized seed
Son, smooth surface has glossy, and seed coat is of close texture hard, the most hygroscopic, causes Radix Asparagi seminal propagation germination percentage low, and sends out
The regularity of bud is the highest, and required time of emerging is long, is difficult to control to the time of planting, take a lot of work during administration fee during plantation.In order to reduce kind
The skin adverse effect to seed germination, generally uses infusion method to kind when the plantation using seminal propagation to carry out Radix Asparagi is bred
Son processes, and is typically passed through the moisture that the immersion of at least 3-4 days just can make neutron absorption enough sprout, early-stage preparations time
Oversize, pretreatment cost is the highest, also can carry out peeling and process to increase the germination rate of seed before sowing, but containing many in seed coat
Plant the material being conducive to seed germination, remove seed coat and not only will not promote to sprout, also can reduce sprouting of seed to a certain extent
The rate of sending out.
Summary of the invention
The invention is intended to provide the implantation methods of a kind of Radix Asparagi, to solve seed when existing Radix Asparagi seminal propagation is planted
The problem that germination rate is low.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the basic technology scheme of the present invention is as follows: the implantation methods of a kind of Radix Asparagi, including following
Step:
One, selection of land is wholely, select that soil layer is deep, quality loose, fertile moistening, draining is good and the soil rich in humus or sand
Matter loam, has the mild hillside fields of sparse woods of natural concealment to plant, ploughs deeply more than 30 centimetres winter, turns over rake more once before plantation, and broken
Soil leveling, plays furrow wide 60~120 centimetres, high 20 centimetres, opens cave by seeding row spacing 40 cm x 30 centimetres, green manure of often spreading manuer in holes on furrow
2~3 kilograms, mix thoroughly with soil, wait to plant;
Two, seed selection is collected seed, and selects the seed of full seed to plant, by seed with moistening fine sand storage;
Three, Seeds preprocess, uses before sowing and drives skin device and crack seed seed coat process, offer multiple width at the surface of the seed
Degree is the joint-cutting of 0.5-1mm, and the seed after process is soaked in water;
Four, sowing, opens traverse furrow by line-spacing 20 centimetres on whole good furrow face, and ditch depth 5~6 centimetres are wide 10 centimetres, after pretreatment
Seed broadcast equably in ditch, intergranular is away from 2~3 centimetres, first by fertilizer lid kind after broadcasting, then with fine earth lid flat furrow face, on furrow
Cover one layer of Caulis et Folium Oryzae heat and moisture preserving;
Five, seedling management, often waters, keep ground moistening, remove after coming up furrow upper cover grass, and weed out the rank grass in time and
Loosening the soil, Radix Asparagi seedling growth is slow, annual fertilising 2~3 times, each every mu execute become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung 1000~1500 kilograms or
Carbamide 5~10 kilograms, every time shallow before fertilising loosen the soil, i.e. transplantation after 1~2 year cultivates;
Six, trickle is kept a full stand of seedings, in planting latter 1 month keep ground moistening, meet drought want frequent trickle, the long Seedling of stratification, after emerging and
Time cuttage bamboo pole, middle weeding;
Seven, topdress: use sufficient base manure according to the growing state of Radix Asparagi is on-demand, repeatedly topdress;
Eight, built: when the climing length of stem is to 30~50 centimetres, staking or pillar, allow tendril growth wound on it, prevent lodging;
Nine, insect pest preventing and controlling, carries out the preventing and controlling of red spider.
Principle and the advantage of this programme be: before sowing Radix Asparagi, seed is carried out pretreatment, offers on seed seed coat
Joint-cutting increases the passage of Interior Seed embryo and extraneous contact, makes internal embryo and extraneous contact, then when soaking, seed leads to
Crossing seed coat and joint-cutting and absorb moisture, only to absorb moisture by the seed coat being of close texture hard in hgher efficiency compared to traditional, plants
Son absorbs the moisture enough sprouted faster, it is only necessary to soaking 1-2 days and can sow, the time of immersion is compared to traditional approach significantly
Shorten.Remain seed coat simultaneously, enable the nutrition in seed coat to be supplied to seed and promote to sprout.The additionally joint-cutting conduct on seed coat
The weak spot of seed coat, the plumelet of seed is easier at this break through seed coat and sprouts, has certain guiding function, can improve seed
The regularity germinateed.This programme hard, the most hygroscopic seed coat that is of close texture when solving Radix Asparagi seminal propagation causes seed
The problems such as breeding germination percentage is low, and the early-stage preparations time is long, waste seed coat nutrition.
Preferred version one, based on a kind of improvement of scheme, described in drive skin device and include discharge nozzle and funnelform charging
Bucket, discharge nozzle is fixedly connected on the small-caliber end of feed hopper, and on discharge nozzle, circumference is evenly equipped with four and drives dermatotome.Skin will be opened during use
Device is vertically placed, and is placed in feed hopper by seed, and seed enters in the discharge nozzle below feed hopper under deadweight and External Force Acting,
Uniform dermatotome of opening sets out four joint-cuttings, side simple to operate at the surface of the seed during seed is by discharge nozzle automatically
Just.
Preferred version two, preferably a kind of improvement of, described discharge nozzle is the bimetallic tube of inside and outside two-layer, goes out
The internal diameter of material inner tube layer is 6mm, and on the tube wall of discharge nozzle internal layer, circumference is evenly equipped with four groovings parallel with axis.Radix Asparagi kind
The diameter of son is generally 3-5mm, uses the discharge nozzle internal layer of 6mm internal diameter to make seed movement in discharge nozzle more smooth and easy, subtracts
Few seed jam probability in discharge nozzle, arranges the uniform axial grooving of circumference and is easy to will drive dermatotome along grooving and is arranged on out
On material pipe.
Preferred version three, preferably a kind of improvement of, described discharge nozzle outer layer is rectangular tube.Rectangular tube has
Four flat sidewall, four groovings on corresponding discharge nozzle internal layer, flat sidewall is more convenient for out skin relative to the sidewall of arc-shaped
The installation of cutter.
Preferred version four, preferably a kind of improvement of three, described in open dermatotome be positioned at discharge nozzle internal layer and outer layer it
Between.So arrange and be hidden in inside discharge nozzle by driving dermatotome, compared to being exposed to outside discharge nozzle be less susceptible to external strength and
Damaging, and make discharge nozzle outer surface more smooth, complete, the installation gap preventing external impurities from passing through surface enters discharge nozzle
The running of interior split dermatotome impacts.
Preferred version five, preferably a kind of improvement of four, described in drive dermatotome and include elastic component and be fixed on elasticity
Blade on part, the blade driving dermatotome extend into inside discharge nozzle internal layer through grooving.Use elastic component to make out dermatotome have to be subject to
Pressing the function resetted, seed is by producing extruding to blade during discharge nozzle, and blade extrudes under the resilient force of elastic component plants
Son, forms joint-cutting on seed, utilizes seed to complete the joint-cutting to seed by the power of discharge nozzle, need not apply external force, fill
Divide the power utilizing internal system, more energy-conservation.
Preferred version six, preferably a kind of improvement of five, described elastic component is U-shaped flat spring, described U-shaped bullet
One end of spring is fixedly connected on the inwall of rectangular tube side, and described blade is one-body molded outside the other end of U-shaped flat spring.U
Matrix spring structure is flat convenient when being installed between the outer layer of discharge nozzle and internal layer, integrated U-shaped flat spring
More firm with edge structure, it is not likely to produce deformation during use or damages.
Preferred version seven, based on a kind of improvement of scheme, described in choose the kind selecting epidermis black in seed collecting step
Son, uses the wet husky stored seeds of room temperature, and seed is 1:3 with wet husky volume ratio.During Radix Asparagi seed maturity can from redness by
Crossfading into black, the seed kernel of black is fuller, is more easy to sprouting and sprouts, the wet husky room temperature storage using volume ratio to be 3 times
Seed can be simulated the environment of moistening soil and be provided suitable temperature and humidity for seed, improves the germination rate of seed further.
Preferred version eight, based on a kind of improvement of scheme, described trickle is kept a full stand of seedings and often within 2-3 days, is watered a water in step.
The more moisture of seedling growth need after emerging, waters a water for 2-3 days and ensures that seedling can be drawn enough moisture and be grown up, make children
Seedling survival rate improves.
Preferred version nine, preferably seven or a kind of improvement of preferred version eight, described insect pest preventing and controlling step is sprayed
0.2-0.3 Baume degrees lime sulfur, 1 times a week, continuous 2-3 preventing and treating red spider;In described step of topdressing, every three months is carried out
Once topdressing, during fertilising, fertilizer is away from more than Seedling 5cm.Red spider is the insect pest that Radix Asparagi plant is common, uses such scheme to have
Imitate prevents the red spider infringement to Radix Asparagi Seedling strain, periodically topdresses and provides the nutrition of abundance into Seedling strain, promotes the growth of Seedling strain.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation driving skin device in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Reference in Figure of description includes: feed hopper 1, discharge nozzle 2, discharge nozzle outer layer 21, discharge nozzle internal layer 22, grooving
23, U-shaped spring 3, blade 31.
Embodiment is the most as shown in Figure 1: the implantation methods of a kind of Radix Asparagi, comprises the following steps:
One, selection of land is wholely, select that soil layer is deep, quality loose, fertile moistening, draining is good and the soil rich in humus or sand
Matter loam, has the mild hillside fields of sparse woods of natural concealment to plant, ploughs deeply more than 30 centimetres winter, turns over rake more once before plantation, and broken
Soil leveling, plays furrow wide 60~120 centimetres, high 20 centimetres, opens cave by seeding row spacing 40 cm x 30 centimetres, green manure of often spreading manuer in holes on furrow
2~3 kilograms, mix thoroughly with soil, wait to plant;
Two, seed selection is collected seed, and selects epidermis black, the seed of full seed to plant, by seed at room temperature with moistening fine sand storage,
Seed is 1:3 with wet husky volume ratio;
Three, Seeds preprocess, uses before sowing and drives skin device and crack seed seed coat process, the surface of the seed offer four wide
Degree is the joint-cutting of 0.5-1mm, and the seed after process is soaked in water 1-2 days;
Four, sowing, opens traverse furrow by line-spacing 20 centimetres on whole good furrow face, and ditch depth 5~6 centimetres are wide 10 centimetres, after pretreatment
Seed broadcast equably in ditch, intergranular is away from 2~3 centimetres, first by fertilizer lid kind after broadcasting, then with fine earth lid flat furrow face, on furrow
Cover one layer of Caulis et Folium Oryzae heat and moisture preserving;
Five, seedling management, often waters, keep ground moistening, remove after coming up furrow upper cover grass, and weed out the rank grass in time and
Loosening the soil, Radix Asparagi seedling growth is slow, annual fertilising 2~3 times, each every mu execute become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung 1000~1500 kilograms or
Carbamide 5~10 kilograms, every time shallow before fertilising loosen the soil, i.e. transplantation after 1~2 year cultivates;
Six, trickle is kept a full stand of seedings, and often within 2-3 days, waters a water and keeps ground moistening, meet drought and want trickle every day, promote to send out in planting latter 1 month
The long Seedling of bud, middle weeding;
Seven, topdress: according to the on-demand base manure that uses sufficient of the growing state of Radix Asparagi, every three months once topdresses, fertilizer during fertilising
Away from more than Seedling 5cm;
Eight, built: when the climing length of stem is to 30~50 centimetres, vertical bamboo pole or branch, as support, allow tendril growth wound on it, anti-
Only lodging;
Nine, insect pest preventing and controlling, sprays 0.2-0.3 Baume degrees lime sulfur, 1 times a week, continuous 2-3 preventing and treating red spider.
As it is shown in figure 1, in the present embodiment, drive skin device and include discharge nozzle 2 and funnelform feed hopper 1, discharge nozzle 2 is fixing even
It is connected on the small-caliber end of feed hopper 1.Discharge nozzle 2 is the double-layer pipe of inside and outside two-layer, and discharge nozzle 2 outer layer is rectangular tube, discharge nozzle
2 internal layers are round tube, and the internal diameter of discharge nozzle 2 internal layer is 6mm, and on the tube wall of discharge nozzle 2 internal layer, circumference is evenly equipped with four and axis
Parallel grooving 23, a sidewall of the most corresponding discharge nozzle 2 outer layer of each grooving 23.Set between discharge nozzle 2 internal layer and outer layer
There are four to drive dermatotome, drive dermatotome and include that U-shaped flat spring, one end of U-shaped flat spring are bolted at rectangular tube side inwall
On, integrally formed with blade 31 outside the other end of U-shaped flat spring, blade 31 extend in discharge nozzle 2 internal layer through grooving 23
Portion, drives dermatotome for four and is respectively positioned on the same cross section of discharge nozzle 2.
It has been observed that only need the immersion by 1-2 days can make to sprout through seed coat joint-cutting pretreated Radix Asparagi seed
The time of sending out, seed germination rate reached more than 99% all at 7-10 days;And not through the seed of seed coat joint-cutting pretreatment, need leaching
Steep 3-4 days and sprout time just can be made about 15 days to shorten to, and seed germination rate is also less than 90%, it can be seen that, use the present invention
Technical scheme really can shorten the sprout time of Radix Asparagi seed, improve the germination rate of seed, there is significant effect.
Above-described is only embodiments of the invention, and in scheme, the known general knowledge such as concrete structure and/or characteristic is at this
Too much describe.It should be pointed out that, for a person skilled in the art, on the premise of without departing from present configuration, also
May be made that some deformation and improvement, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, and these are real all without affecting the present invention
The effect executed and practical applicability.The protection domain that this application claims should be as the criterion with the content of its claim, description
In detailed description of the invention etc. record the content that may be used for explaining claim.
Claims (10)
1. the implantation methods of a Radix Asparagi, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
One, selection of land is wholely, select that soil layer is deep, quality loose, fertile moistening, draining is good and the soil rich in humus or sand
Matter loam, has the mild hillside fields of sparse woods of natural concealment to plant, ploughs deeply more than 30 centimetres winter, turns over rake more once before plantation, and broken
Soil leveling, plays furrow wide 60~120 centimetres, high 20 centimetres, opens cave by seeding row spacing 40 cm x 30 centimetres, green manure of often spreading manuer in holes on furrow
2~3 kilograms, mix thoroughly with soil, wait to plant;
Two, seed selection is collected seed, and selects the seed of full seed to plant, by seed with moistening fine sand storage;
Three, Seeds preprocess, uses before sowing and drives skin device and crack seed seed coat process, offer multiple width at the surface of the seed
Degree is the joint-cutting of 0.5-1mm, and the seed after process is soaked in water;
Four, sowing, opens traverse furrow by line-spacing 20 centimetres on whole good furrow face, and ditch depth 5~6 centimetres are wide 10 centimetres, after pretreatment
Seed broadcast equably in ditch, intergranular is away from 2~3 centimetres, first by fertilizer lid kind after broadcasting, then with fine earth lid flat furrow face, on furrow
Cover one layer of Caulis et Folium Oryzae heat and moisture preserving;
Five, seedling management, often waters, keep ground moistening, remove after coming up furrow upper cover grass, and weed out the rank grass in time and
Loosening the soil, Radix Asparagi seedling growth is slow, annual fertilising 2~3 times, each every mu execute become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung 1000~1500 kilograms or
Carbamide 5~10 kilograms, every time shallow before fertilising loosen the soil, i.e. transplantation after 1~2 year cultivates;
Six, trickle is kept a full stand of seedings, and keeps ground moistening in planting latter 1 month, meets drought and wants frequent trickle, the long Seedling of stratification, middle weeding;
Seven, topdress: use sufficient base manure according to the growing state of Radix Asparagi is on-demand, repeatedly topdress;
Eight, built: when the climing length of stem is to 30~50 centimetres, staking or pillar, allow tendril growth wound on it, prevent lodging;
Nine, insect pest preventing and controlling, carries out the preventing and controlling of red spider.
The implantation methods of Radix Asparagi the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that drive skin device described in: and include discharge nozzle and leakage
Bucket-shaped feed hopper, discharge nozzle is fixedly connected on the small-caliber end of feed hopper, and on discharge nozzle, circumference is evenly equipped with four and drives dermatotome.
The implantation methods of Radix Asparagi the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described discharge nozzle is inside and outside two-layer
Bimetallic tube, the internal diameter of discharge nozzle internal layer is 6mm, and on the tube wall of discharge nozzle internal layer, circumference is evenly equipped with four cut parallel with axis
Groove.
The implantation methods of Radix Asparagi the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described discharge nozzle outer layer is rectangular tube.
The implantation methods of Radix Asparagi the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that drive dermatotome described in: and be positioned at discharge nozzle internal layer
And between outer layer.
The implantation methods of Radix Asparagi the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that drive dermatotome described in: and include that elastic component is with solid
The blade being scheduled on elastic component, the blade driving dermatotome extend into inside discharge nozzle internal layer through grooving.
The implantation methods of Radix Asparagi the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described elastic component is U-shaped flat spring, institute
The one end stating U-shaped flat spring is fixedly connected on the inwall of rectangular tube side, one-body molded another at U-shaped flat spring of described blade
Outside end.
The implantation methods of Radix Asparagi the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that choose selection table in seed collecting step described in:
The seed of skin black, uses the wet husky stored seeds of room temperature, and seed is 1:3 with wet husky volume ratio.
The implantation methods of Radix Asparagi the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described trickle is kept a full stand of seedings every 2-3 in step
It waters a water.
The implantation methods of Radix Asparagi the most according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that: described insect pest preventing and controlling step is sprayed
0.2-0.3 Baume degrees lime sulfur, 1 times a week, continuous 2-3 preventing and treating red spider;In described step of topdressing, every three months is carried out
Once topdressing, during fertilising, fertilizer is away from more than Seedling 5cm.
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Cited By (2)
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CN107006259A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-04 | 凤冈县领益昕中药材种植有限公司 | The mating system of lucid asparagus |
CN112335497A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-09 | 贵州务川绿源中药材种植开发有限公司 | Seedling growing method for radix asparagi |
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CN2457871Y (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2001-11-07 | 何小华 | Machine for cutting hull of lotus seed |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107006259A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-04 | 凤冈县领益昕中药材种植有限公司 | The mating system of lucid asparagus |
CN112335497A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-09 | 贵州务川绿源中药材种植开发有限公司 | Seedling growing method for radix asparagi |
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Application publication date: 20161214 |