CN105210647B - A kind of method for massively culturing of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling - Google Patents
A kind of method for massively culturing of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling Download PDFInfo
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- 241000244987 Daiswa polyphylla Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241001115458 Carphophis Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000234280 Liliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000013116 chronic cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006266 hibernation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for massively culturing of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling, comprise the following steps：First the soil chosen is ploughed deeply after being exposed to the sun and apply base fertilizer, and plough the first furrow as a guideline and spread fertile soil on moisture in the soil face, then the fruit after harvesting is subjected to peeling processing, and soaked with warm water and gibberellin, half-light storage is carried out after being mixed after immersion with sand, storage can be sowed after 2~5 months, after planting reasonably control the temperature and humidity in shed, and reasonable top dressing.The present invention not only effectively raises emergence rate, emergence rate can reach more than 85%, and emergence is neat, the growing way of seedling is strong, takes root fast, the survival rate of seedling can reach more than 96%, with it is simple to operate, cost is low, it is easy to spread, it is effective shortening Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed sprout the cycle, the advantages of simplifying Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed seedling-raising technology, effectively promotes the benign development of Yunnan Paris polyphylla planting industry, has good economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seedling fostering technical field, and in particular to a kind of method for massively culturing of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling.
Background technology
Yunnan Paris polyphylla is Liliaceae Paris herbaceos perennial, in China, is mainly distributed on Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou, four
The ground such as river.Yunnan Paris polyphylla is used as medicine with rhizome, cold nature, bitter, slightly poisonous, is the herbal species of Chinese tradition, have it is clearing heat and detoxicating,
The effect of eliminating stasis to subdue swelling, eliminating phlegm and relieving asthma, cure mainly tuberculosis chronic cough, pneumonia, pharyngitis, external application control stable, worm snake bite, scrofula,
Sore swells, and is one of the primary raw material of Yunnan Baiyao, antivirus powder, research has shown that, also with toxin-expelling and face nourishing health, uniqueness
The effect of antiviral.In recent years, the demand of in the market Yunnan Paris polyphylla sharply increases, and annual consumption is all far beyond Yunnan Paris polyphylla
Increment so that the resource of Yunnan Paris polyphylla wretched insufficiency, local area are endangered, it is clear that artificial cultivation Yunnan
Paris polyphylla has turned into the inexorable trend of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sustainable development.And the plantation of Yunnan Paris polyphylla, the cultivation of seedling are to plant the pass of Yunnan Paris polyphylla
Key, at present, domestic Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling cultivation mainly using seed sprout or rhizome cut-out plantation, rhizome cut-out plantation be
Winter Yunnan Paris polyphylla falls after seedling, takes the rhizome of Yunnan Paris polyphylla, at perpendicular to rhizome major axes orientation with the band terminal bud part long 3~4cm of section
Cutting, wound dip in the program request in crop field after plant ash, are cut off and planted using rhizome, can take substantial amounts of production raw material, cause
Cultivation kind and the aggravation of contradictions of pharmaceutical raw material, the rhizome after this external cutting off, because crop field moisture and temperature are difficult to control, hold
Easy infection goes rotten, and the loss late of rhizome material is up to more than 50%, and low reproduction rate, emergence are irregular, are not easy to manage, plantation
Cost is higher, and uses seed to sprout nursery, because the seed of Yunnan Paris polyphylla has hibernation feature, such as allows it to sprout naturally, then needs
Taking more than 1 year to emerge, and emergence rate can only at most reach 50% or so, and long potential difference after emergence, slow-growing, completely can not
Meet and adapt to Yunnan Paris polyphylla large area plantation and the needs of promoting.Therefore, develop a kind of advanced technology, method rationally, pole
Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling method for massively culturing easy to operate, that cost is low, emergence rate is high, cultivation period is short, shoot survival percent is high is objective
Need.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem present in background technology, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of advanced technology, method rationally,
Easily operation, the method for massively culturing for the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling that cost is low, emergence rate is high, cultivation period is short, shoot survival percent is high.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of method for massively culturing of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling, comprises the following steps：
The selection and processing in seedbed:Select that fertile soil, quality be loose, well-drained soil, ploughed in fine day
More than 20cm, it is exposed to the sun more than 10 days, then every mu of calcium superphosphate 50 for applying decomposed 1000~1500kg of farm manure and 1~2%
For~100kg as base fertilizer, plough makes soil be raked after being mixed thoroughly with base fertilizer soil again, ploughs the first furrow as a guideline, and 1~2cm thickness is spread on moisture in the soil face
Fertile soil and mixed thoroughly with soil；
2. the selection and processing of seed：The dark red fruit of selection full grains, color is harvested, by the fruit after harvesting
Peeling processing is carried out after drying in the shade, is then soaked the seed after peeling with 30~35 DEG C of water, immersion drains after 50~60 hours
Moisture, then soaked with concentration for 500~800mg/L gibberellin, immersion is drained away the water after 5~10 hours, and itself and sand are pressed
Volume ratio 1:After 1~3 ratio mixes, it is positioned over half-light in the gas-permeable container that temperature is 16~25 DEG C and stores 2~5 months, storage
Need to keep sand moistening during Tibetan；
3. sow：Seed after step 2. middle processing is diluted 800 with 40~50% how clever bacterium wettable powder warm water
Soaked 10~20 minutes after~1000 times, then being sown on moisture in the soil face by the even density of 900~1000 every square metre, broadcast sowing
Afterwards with the shallow rake moisture in the soil face of rake, afterwards again pine needle thick 1~2cm of lid last layer on moisture in the soil face and pour it is permeable, pour it is permeable after capping ground
Film and arch membrane；
4. nursery period management：Before emergence, temperature control in mulch film removes mulch film and progressively after 25~30 DEG C, seedling are unearthed
Pine needle is removed, during which for temperature control at 20~26 DEG C, the humidity of soil is 60~80% in arch membrane, after seed sprouting, it is necessary to again
Hefei, which is watered, sprays seedling 3~4 times, increases the nutrition of seedling.
The present invention passes through temperature on the basis of the physiological property and summary former achievements of further investigation Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed
Water softens pipe, makes kind of a skin fusing, then using the immersion hypnosis technology of later stage hormone, to improve hormone to seed with this
Facilitation effect is sprouted, the germination rate of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed has been reached more than 98%, and pass through loose, ventilative, water conservation base
Matter ensure that the benign development of root system in Seed Germination early stage, and so as to effectively raise emergence rate, emergence rate can reach
More than 85%, meanwhile, by rational seedling management, emergence is neat, and the growing way of seedling is strong, takes root fast, the survival rate of seedling can reach
More than 96%, have it is simple to operate, cost is low, it is easy to spread, it is effective shortening Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed sprout the cycle, simplify Yunnan Paris polyphylla kind
The advantages of sub- seedling-raising technique, the benign development of Yunnan Paris polyphylla planting industry is promoted, established for the propagation in scale of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling
Good basis, there is good economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is not any limitation as in any way,
Based on present invention teach that any conversion or replacement made, equal embodiment belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment comprises the following steps that：
The selection and processing in seedbed:Select that fertile soil, quality be loose, well-drained soil, ploughed in fine day
More than 20cm, it is exposed to the sun more than 10 days, then every mu of calcium superphosphate 100kg for applying decomposed farm manure 1000kg and 1~2% makees
For base fertilizer, plough makes soil be raked after being mixed thoroughly with base fertilizer soil again, ploughs the first furrow as a guideline, and the specification in moisture in the soil face is high 10~15cm, wide by 1~
1.5m, long 15~20m, and spread the thick fertile soil of 1~2cm on moisture in the soil face and mixed thoroughly with soil；
2. the selection and processing of seed：The dark red fruit of selection full grains, color is harvested, by the fruit after harvesting
Peeling processing is carried out after drying in the shade, is then soaked the seed after peeling with 30 DEG C of water, immersion drains away the water after 50 hours, then uses
Concentration is the immersion of 500mg/L gibberellin, and immersion drains away the water after 5 hours, and by it by volume 1 with sand:1 ratio mixes
Afterwards, it is positioned over half-light in the gas-permeable container that temperature is 16~25 DEG C to store 2 months, needs to keep sand moistening during storage；
3. sow：Seed after step 2. middle processing is diluted 800 with 40~50% how clever bacterium wettable powder warm water
Immersion 10~20 minutes after times, then being sown on moisture in the soil face by the even density of 900 every square metre, use the shallow rake of rake after broadcasting sowing
Moisture in the soil face, afterwards again pine needle thick 1~2cm of lid last layer on moisture in the soil face and pour it is permeable, pour it is permeable after capping mulch film and arch membrane；
4. nursery period management：Before emergence, at 25 DEG C, seedling removes mulch film and progressively removed the temperature control in mulch film after being unearthed
Pine needle, during which for temperature control at 20 DEG C, the humidity of soil is 60%, is sprayed after seed sprouting, it is necessary to be watered with composite fertilizer in arch membrane
Seedling 3 times, increases the nutrition of seedling, and the ratio of Hefei and water is 1~40, N in the composite fertilizer:P:K ratio is 10：8：
10。
Seedling is cultivated using the method for the present embodiment 1, from seed treatment to emergence, it is only necessary to 3 months, not only emerge whole
Together, emergence rate is high, and its emergence rate is 90%, and compared with traditional implantation methods, output of seedling improves 45%, and is cultivated through this method
Seedling afterwards takes root, and fast, stem is sturdy, growth is vigorous, and the survival rate of seedling is high, its survival rate to 96.8%.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment comprises the following steps that：
The selection and processing in seedbed:Select that fertile soil, quality be loose, well-drained soil, ploughed in fine day
More than 20cm, it is exposed to the sun more than 10 days, then every mu of calcium superphosphate 80kg conduct for applying decomposed farm manure 1200kg and 1~2%
Base fertilizer, plough makes soil and base fertilizer be raked after mixing thoroughly soil again, ploughs the first furrow as a guideline, and the specification in moisture in the soil face is high 10~15cm, wide by 1~
1.5m, long 15~20m, and spread the thick fertile soil of 1~2cm on moisture in the soil face and mixed thoroughly with soil；
2. the selection and processing of seed：The dark red fruit of selection full grains, color is harvested, by the fruit after harvesting
Peeling processing is carried out after drying in the shade, then soaks the seed after peeling with 32 DEG C of water, immersion drains away the water after 50~60 hours,
It is again that 650mg/L gibberellin soaks with concentration, immersion drains away the water after 8 hours, and by it by volume 1 with sand:2 ratio
After mixing, it is positioned over half-light in the gas-permeable container that temperature is 16~25 DEG C and stores 4 months, need to keep sand wet during storage
Profit；
3. sow：Seed after step 2. middle processing is diluted 900 with 40~50% how clever bacterium wettable powder warm water
Immersion 10~20 minutes after times, then being sown on moisture in the soil face by the even density of 950 every square metre, use the shallow rake of rake after broadcasting sowing
Moisture in the soil face, afterwards again pine needle thick 1~2cm of lid last layer on moisture in the soil face and pour it is permeable, pour it is permeable after capping mulch film and arch membrane；
4. nursery period management：Before emergence, at 28 DEG C, seedling removes mulch film and progressively removed the temperature control in mulch film after being unearthed
Pine needle, during which for temperature control at 24 DEG C, the humidity of soil is 70%, is sprayed after seed sprouting, it is necessary to be watered with composite fertilizer in arch membrane
Seedling 3 times, increases the nutrition of seedling, and the ratio of composite fertilizer and water is 1：50, N in the composite fertilizer:P:K ratio is 12：
10：15.
Seedling is cultivated using the method for the present embodiment 2, from seed treatment to emergence, it is only necessary to 4 first quarter moons, not only emerge whole
Together, emergence rate is high, and its emergence rate is 93.7%, and compared with traditional implantation methods, output of seedling improves 48.6%, and through this method
Seedling after cultivation takes root, and fast, stem is sturdy, growth is vigorous, and the survival rate of seedling is high, its survival rate to 97.2%.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment comprises the following steps that：
The selection and processing in seedbed:Select that fertile soil, quality be loose, well-drained soil, ploughed in fine day
More than 20cm, it is exposed to the sun more than 10 days, then every mu of calcium superphosphate 50kg conduct for applying decomposed farm manure 1500kg and 1~2%
Base fertilizer, plough makes soil and base fertilizer be raked after mixing thoroughly soil again, ploughs the first furrow as a guideline, and the specification in moisture in the soil face is high 10~15cm, wide by 1~
1.5m, long 15~20m, and spread the thick fertile soil of 1~2cm on moisture in the soil face and mixed thoroughly with soil；
2. the selection and processing of seed：The dark red fruit of selection full grains, color is harvested, by the fruit after harvesting
Peeling processing is carried out after drying in the shade, is then soaked the seed after peeling with 35 DEG C of water, immersion drains away the water after 60 hours, then uses
Concentration is the immersion of 800mg/L gibberellin, and immersion drains away the water after 10 hours, and by it by volume 1 with sand:3 ratio is mixed
After even, it is positioned over half-light in the gas-permeable container that temperature is 16~25 DEG C and stores 5 months, need to keep sand moistening during storage；
3. sow：Seed after step 2. middle processing is diluted with 40~50% how clever bacterium wettable powder with warm water
Soaked 10~20 minutes after 1000 times, then being sown on moisture in the soil face by the even density of 1000 every square metre, with nail after broadcasting sowing
Harrow shallow rake moisture in the soil face, afterwards again pine needle thick 1~2cm of lid last layer on moisture in the soil face and pour it is permeable, pour it is permeable after capping mulch film and arch
Film；
4. nursery period management：Before emergence, at 30 DEG C, seedling removes mulch film and progressively removed the temperature control in mulch film after being unearthed
Pine needle, during which for temperature control at 26 DEG C, the humidity of soil is 80%, is sprayed after seed sprouting, it is necessary to be watered with composite fertilizer in arch membrane
Seedling 4 times, increases the nutrition of seedling, and the ratio of composite fertilizer and water is 1：60, N in the composite fertilizer:P:K ratio is 15：12：
20。
Seedling is cultivated using the method for the present embodiment 3, from seed treatment to emergence, it is only necessary to 5 first quarter moons, not only emerge whole
Together, emergence rate is high, and its emergence rate is 88.4%, and compared with traditional implantation methods, output of seedling improves 40%, and is trained through this method
Seedling after educating takes root, and fast, stem is sturdy, growth is vigorous, and the survival rate of seedling is high, its survival rate to 96.6%.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. method for massively culturing of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling, it is characterised in that, including following steps:1. the selection and processing in seedbed:Select that fertile soil, quality be loose, well-drained soil, fine day plough 20cm with On, be exposed to the sun more than 10 days, then every mu apply decomposed 1000~1500kg of farm manure and 1~2% calcium superphosphate 50~ For 100kg as base fertilizer, plough makes soil be raked after being mixed thoroughly with base fertilizer soil again, ploughs the first furrow as a guideline, and it is thick to spread on moisture in the soil face 1~2cm Fertile soil and mixed thoroughly with soil；2. the selection and processing of seed：The dark red fruit of selection full grains, color is harvested, and the fruit after harvesting is dried in the shade After carry out peeling processing, then the seed after peeling is soaked with 30~35 DEG C of water, immersion drains away the water after 50~60 hours, Again with concentration be 500~800mg/L gibberellin soak, soak 5~10 hours after drain away the water, and by its with sand by volume 1:After 1~3 ratio mixes, it is positioned over half-light in the gas-permeable container that temperature is 16~25 DEG C and stores 2~5 months, during storage Need to keep sand moistening；3. sow：By the seed after step 2. middle processing with 40~50% how clever bacterium wettable powder warm water dilution 800~ Soaked 10~20 minutes after 1000 times, then being sown on moisture in the soil face by the even density of 900~1000 every square metre, after broadcasting sowing With the shallow rake moisture in the soil face of rake, afterwards again pine needle thick 1~2cm of lid last layer on moisture in the soil face and pour it is permeable, pour it is permeable after capping mulch film And arch membrane；4. nursery period management：Before emergence, at 25~30 DEG C, seedling removes mulch film and progressively removed the temperature control in mulch film after being unearthed Pine needle, during which temperature control is at 20~26 DEG C in arch membrane, and the humidity of soil is 60~80%, it is necessary to use composite fertilizer after seed sprouting It is watered and sprays seedling 3~4 times, increases the nutrition of seedling.
- A kind of 2. method for massively culturing of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1. in The specification in the moisture in the soil face is high 10~15cm, wide 1~1.5m, long 15~20m.
- A kind of 3. method for massively culturing of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 4. in The ratio of the composite fertilizer and water is 1：40~60.
- A kind of 4. method for massively culturing of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 4. in N in the composite fertilizer:P:K ratio is 10~15：8~12：10~20.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105917792B (en) * | 2016-05-28 | 2018-09-21 | 云南农业大学 | A method of improving paris polyphylla seeding ratio |
| CN106358500A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 青川县蜀道地中药材发展有限公司 | Paris polyphylla var Chinensis seed germination method |
| CN106416666A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 广元市青川县山客山珍有限公司 | Powdery paris polyphylla planting method |
| CN106508349A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-22 | 兴义市庆庆种植有限责任公司 | Rapid cultivation method for polyphylla seedlings |
| CN107197681A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-09-26 | 云南中医学院 | A kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling fostering method for avoiding Yunnan Paris polyphylla radicle from damaging |
| CN107318303B (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2020-07-28 | 中南民族大学 | Method for promoting paris polyphylla seeds to rapidly germinate into seedlings |
| CN108040530A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-18 | 亳州学院 | The wild Paris polyphylla seed dormancy in Dabie Mountain breaks method |
| CN108713470A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-30 | 富源会兰农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of paris polyphylla |
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| CN101822157A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2010-09-08 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis scale seedling culturing method |
| CN103222362A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-31 | 云南农业大学 | Method for improving paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed germination rate |
| CN103609223A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2014-03-05 | 中南民族大学 | Method Paris polyphylla var.chinensis through gibberellin and wet sand stratification |
| CN103798016A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-05-21 | 金寨县天鹅山茶叶专业合作社 | Ecological cultivation method for paris polyphylla |
| CN104081911A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-08 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for shortening paris polyphylla seed germination period |
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