CN106508382A - Rhizoma polygonati planting method and application of same in plantation of polygonatum multiflorum - Google Patents
Rhizoma polygonati planting method and application of same in plantation of polygonatum multiflorum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a rhizoma polygonati planting method and application of same in plantation of polygonatum multiflorum. The method comprises the steps of selecting land and preparing soil, conducting treatment of the roots of rhizoma polygonati, planting, conducting water and fertilizer management in the later period, weeding and conducting pests management, and harvesting. The method changes the technical status quo of extensive plantation of rhizoma polygonati in the prior art, and provides a scientific, integrated and systematic technical scheme to the soil, base fertilizer, plant and root treatment in the planting process, the field management after the planting and other crucial factors. According to the polygonatum multiflorum planted by applying the method, the Rhizoma polygonati seedling can grow to the height of 120cm, the Rhizoma polygonati yield per mu increases by more than 4 times, and even as high as 10 times. As being tested, the Rhizoma polygonati planted by applying the method has a good drug property and a good anti-disease capability, a sugar content attaining more than 10 and even reaching as high as 12 with a good quality which far surpasses the sugar content standard of Rhizoma polygonati stipulated in Dictionary of Chinese Medicine. The method is suitable for large scale promotion and plantation, thus achieving the stable yield and high yield effect of Rhizoma polygonati plantation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, more particularly, to a kind of method for planting rhizoma polygonati and its more planting
Application in terms of flower Rhizoma Polygonati.
Background technology
Rhizoma Polygonati is HUANGJING ZANYU CAPSULE, rhizome it is horizontal walk, cylindric, tuberosity expands.Impeller is given birth to, stockless.Medicinal plants.It is therein
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is distributed in the ground such as Chinese Anhui, Henan, Guizhou, Hubei, Guangdong, Hunan, is grown on 500～2100 meters of height above sea level
Area, is typically born in shrubbery, the cloudy place in sylvan life and hillside, is herbaceos perennial, rhizome plumpness, usual beaded or tuberosity into
Block, rare nearly cylinder, 1～4 centimetre of diameter, stem are high 50～200 centimetres, generally have 5～30 pieces of leaves.5～June of florescence, fruiting period 8
～October.
Rhizoma Polygonati is medicine-food two-purpose, is famous and precious Chinese crude drug, and with alleviating distention in middle-JIAO QI invigorating, kidney tonifying, essence replenishing, nourishing YIN and moistening the lung, promote the production of body fluid foster spleen
The effect of.Clinic cures mainly the diseases such as weak dryness of the lung dry cough, body void, shortness of breath and palpitation, prolonged illness body fluid deficiency xerostomia, diabetes, hypertension, antagonism
Bacterium, antiinflammatory, removing toxic substances, resisting fatigue, anti-ageing aspect of waiting for a long time have preferably effect.
In recent years as domestic and international demand constantly increases, Rhizoma Polygonati price goes up year by year, manually excavates wild Rhizoma Polygonati in a large number, makes
Into the deterioration of the ecological environment, ecological resources constantly fall sharply, and supply falls short of demand in market, the Huang that current artificial growth Rhizoma Polygonati technology is cultivated
The smart life-span is shorter, easily occur rhizome necrosis, do not germinate, cycle length of germinate, easily by, the problems such as insect pest, being easy to get in neat after seedling
Melasma, and the Rhizoma Polygonati after growing up to is of poor quality, yields poorly.
The planting patternss of existing Rhizoma Polygonati have two kinds, and one kind is seminal propagation, and the kind of mature and plump is chosen after August seed maturity
Son carries out Sand culture immediately, treats that Second Year late March sifts out seed, broadcasts sowing, emerge, and transplants after l；Another kind is root stock
Breeding plantation, selects 1～2 year raw healthy and strong, plant rhizome of no disease and pests harm, spacing in the rows 10～16 before and after late fall or early spring late March
Centimetre plantation.
Root stock breeding plantation is common planting patternss, but existing root stock breeding planting technology is more extensive,
The key factors such as the field management after soil, base manure, the process of plant rhizome, plantation during plantation lack the technology of science
Scheme.It is important that existing extensive plantation technique is that the Rhizoma Polygonati property of medicine, yield, resistances against diseases are relatively low, overall planting effect is unstable
Influence factor.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the deficiency for existing Rhizoma Polygonati root stock planting technology, there is provided Yi Zhonghuang
Smart implantation methods, plant Rhizoma Polygonati by the method, high with germination and emergence rate, are divided to spring and the germination of two season of autumn and emerge,
Rhizoma Polygonati plant strain growth speed is fast, the advantages of yield is high, the Rhizoma Polygonati property of medicine is good.
The invention solves the problems that another technical problem be to provide the application of the method for planting rhizoma polygonati.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of method for planting rhizoma polygonati is provided, is comprised the following steps：
When S1. selecting, selection of land, site preparation and base manure are processed：
Selection of land when selecting：In 2～October, it is 10～20 DEG C regional in average daily temperature, chooses moistening, loose, fertile soil；
Site preparation：By wide 40～60cm, high 6～10cm ridgings, distance between the ridges are 15～25cm；
Base manure process：In ridging region ridge Xia Sayiceng compound fertilizer, 1～2cm soil, 1～2cm on ridge, are covered from the bottom to top successively
Fertilizer and 4～6cm soil；
S2. the process of Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome：1～2 year raw healthy and strong, rhizome of the Rhizoma Polygonati plant of no disease and pests harm is taken, is one by 2～3 sections
Individual unit is broken into two with one's hands or is cut as parent, by the surface tear of parent（Can use clean blade）After be put into Thidiazuron aqueous solution and Yin
Soak in the mixed solution of diindyl butanoic acid aqueous solution, taking-up is dried, the rhizome after must processing；
S3. plant and plant：By the bud scar of the rhizome after process upwards, it is that 40～50cm, depth are gently pressed into step for 4～6cm according to spacing in the rows
In the ridge that rapid S1 sets, poured with the depth of water after having planted；
S4. final-period management：
（1）Water and fertilizer management：After Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome is planted one week, watered once every 3～5 days, relative moisture of the soil is controlled for 40%
～60%；
Root of Rhizoma Polygonati stem length after seedling, with narrow shovel, between rhizome on ridge, scoop forms shovel seam, is applied fertilizer first, applied between shovel seam
Fertilizer is potash fertilizer or fertilizer, and annual spring and winter each organic fertilizer be once later；
（2）Weeding, preventing disease and pest, shady wet management：
Weeding：During Rhizoma Polygonati plant strain growth, depending on the growing state of planting site weeds, weeding every other month once, prevents weeds
Excessive fertilizer is consumed, weeding is light, it is to avoid deep-cut, in order to avoid take the root of Rhizoma Polygonati out of；
Preventing disease and pest：Mancozeb and phoxim are sprayed with controlling disease in annual 5～July, spray in annual 10～December
Spill phoxim and metrifonate to prevent and treat soil insect pest；
Shady wet management：Dark and damp habit is liked according to Rhizoma Polygonati, Rhizoma Polygonati will not be grown with more than 30 DEG C below 5 DEG C, described
The temperature control of rhizome plantation and growth needs to set up cool canopy if without concealment condition at 5～30 DEG C, and the high 2m of cool canopy, surrounding divulge information,
Cool canopy light transmittance keeps 30% or so, treats that the hot weather past removes cool canopy again.
Preferably, site preparation described in step S1, with reference to the habit of Rhizoma Polygonati, the surrounding on ridge digs gutter, it is ensured that plant
The rotten stem necrosis that ground draining is unobstructed, is resulted in for 2-3 days by water logging in being prevented effectively from Rhizoma Polygonati growth course is planted, it is rotten because once occurring
Stem, Rhizoma Polygonati harvest completely without and the planting site because there is pathogenic bacteria, Rhizoma Polygonati can not be planted in 3 years again.
Preferably, compound fertilizer described in step S1 is to measure broadcast application according to per mu of 15～25kg.
Preferably, fertilizer described in step S1 adopts barnyard manure.
Further, the consumption of fertilizer described in step S1 determines according to the amount of per mu of 300～400kg fertilizer and uses.
Fibrous root is carried preferably as the rhizome of parent, is conducive to the parent to shift to an earlier date half a year germination and emergence；
It is further preferred that both having carried fibrous root as the rhizome of parent and having carried bud or band Seedling.The applicant's numerous studies table
Bright, band root does not send out Seedling with bud half a year in evening, and late half a year growth is germinateed with root and by 1 first quarter moon of parent with bud.Not with root, do not have
1 year evening of parent with bud germinates, late annual growth.
Preferably, when breaking into two with one's hands, handss can not be with oil or salt, when scratching during incision and with utensil for rhizome described in step S2
Not so instrument used can not can not be survived in rhizome planting process with oil or salt.
Preferably, the concentration of Thidiazuron aqueous solution described in step S2 be 10～30ppm, the indolebutyric acid aqueous solution it is dense
Spend for 10～30ppm, the Thidiazuron aqueous solution and indolebutyric acid aqueous solution volume ratio be 1:1；In the mixed solution
The time of immersion is 2～4 hours.
Preferably, it is 2000～2400 plants that the density planted described in step S3 is 0.07 hectare plantation strain number.
Further, the spacing in the rows that plantation is accurately determined according to Rhizoma Polygonati growth tendency of the invention, the Rhizoma Polygonati for harvesting for 3 years, its
Plant spacing in the rows is set to 40cm；The Rhizoma Polygonati of harvesting in 4 years, its plant spacing in the rows are set to 50cm.
Further, rhizome planting depth is set to 5cm, if accurately determining that planting depth will be very beneficial for root of hair and life
It is long, it is ensured that planting effect is optimal：It is buried that Rhizoma Polygonati root growth can be caused slow, bury bad fertilising shallow, during fertilising, easily hurt root.
Preferably, in the water and fertilizer management described in step S4, the potash fertilizer, each amount of application of compound fertilizer are 7.5～15kg/
Mu.
Preferably, in the water and fertilizer management described in step S4, the fertilizer is barnyard manure, and each amount of application is 60～100kg/
Mu；
It is further preferred that the barnyard manure is chicken manure fertilizer, be conducive to significantly improving the soil of plantation Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua using chicken manure barnyard manure
The fertility of earth, specific aim improve fertilizer provision from soil environment.
Preferably, during fertilising, fertilizer is not less than 2cm with a distance from root pocket, fertilizer from root too close to or directly contact root and can cause
Burn root.
Preferably, the thick thin soils of 0.5～1cm of last layer are covered in fertilizer surface after winter fertilising, accomplish winter soil heat preservation
It is antifreeze, in case winter dead seedling, then carries out deep pouring.
Preferably, the weeding described in step S4 is during Rhizoma Polygonati plant strain growth, depending on the growing state of planting site weeds, often
Every a weeding in month once, prevent weeds from consuming excessive fertilizer, weeding is light, it is to avoid deep-cut, in order to avoid take the root of Rhizoma Polygonati out of.
Preferably, the preventing disease and pest described in step S4 is to spray Mancozeb and phoxim to prevent and treat in annual 5～July
Disease, sprayed phoxim and metrifonate to prevent and treat soil insect pest in annual 10～December.
Preferably, the shady wet management described in step S4 is to like dark and damp habit according to Rhizoma Polygonati, Rhizoma Polygonati less than 5 DEG C with
Will not grow for more than 30 DEG C, the temperature control of the rhizome plantation and growth needs to set up if without concealment condition at 5～30 DEG C
Cool canopy, the high 2m of cool canopy, surrounding ventilation, cool canopy light transmittance keep 30% or so, treat that the hot weather past removes cool canopy again.
Harvested after plantation success.Harvest after overground part is withered in spring, two season of autumn within 3～4 years after plantation, by Rhizoma Polygonati ridge
Direction is planted, successively Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome band soil is dug out, is removed ground remnant, soil is wiped off using bamboo knife or batten, noted
Tuber should not be injured, fibrous root need not remove, before at source processing, should not be cleaned with water.
Present invention simultaneously provides the application of the implantation methods, is applied to plant polygonatum sibiricum Redoute, big Rhizoma Polygonati（P. kingianum）, it is many
Flower Rhizoma Polygonati, is particularly adapted to apply white yellow flower, the Flos Carthami or Chloranthus multistachys Pei of plantation to claim the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua kind spent in vain.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
Before and after the Propagation of Rhizomes plantation of prior art Rhizoma Polygonati is typically late fall or early spring late March.Using the inventive method,
With reference to the scientific scheme of each step critical process, realize in 2～10 annual monthly popularizations planted Rhizoma Polygonati, be Rhizoma Polygonati
Plantation provides strong technical support.
Prior art does not carry out scientific disposal to the wound of rhizome parent, typically simply dries.The present invention is using first
The instrument for first summing up incision and scratching Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome can not carry oil and salt, meanwhile, two are adopted to the wound of incision and scuffing
Segmentation soaks, using the soak of variable concentrations, it is ensured that higher plantation survival rate.
In prior art, farm manure is applied in usual soil as base manure, simple bedding.The present invention is studied and for Rhizoma Polygonati
Growth characteristics, creatively play high ridge, and spread compound fertilizer, and point three layers of accurate laying base manure on ridge in ridging region, both protected
The growth demand of card Rhizoma Polygonati, and lay a solid foundation for the final high property of medicine result of Rhizoma Polygonati.
The plantation plant spacing in the rows generally adopted in existing general planting technology is for 10～16 centimetres.The spacing in the rows of present invention plantation
For 40～50cm, the spacing in the rows of plantation ensured and further accurately determined according to Rhizoma Polygonati growth tendency, the Rhizoma Polygonati for harvesting for 3 years, its
Plant spacing in the rows is set to 40cm；The Rhizoma Polygonati of harvesting in 4 years, its plant spacing in the rows are set to 50cm.
Further, rhizome planting depth is set to 5cm, if accurately determining that planting depth will be very beneficial for root of hair and life
It is long, it is ensured that planting effect is optimal：It is buried that Rhizoma Polygonati root growth can be caused slow, bury bad fertilising shallow, during fertilising, easily hurt root.
In prior art, water and fertilizer management is more extensive, it is indicated that Rhizoma Polygonati avoids water, notes draining, but avoids water and be not equal to Rhizoma Polygonati
Growth need not water, prior art does not provide the technical scheme of concrete water management；During prior art points out annual combination
Weeding is topdressed, per mu of 1500 kilograms of farmyard manure of administration after 3 times intertilling, with 50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 50 kilograms of cake fertilizer.
By comparison, the species of present invention fertilising is different with time number of times, and the present invention is directed to Rhizoma Polygonati growth characteristics, it is determined that control soil phase
It is 40%～60% just can not only to meet Rhizoma Polygonati growth needs but also avoid the adverse consequencess of the how rotten stem of water to humidity.In terms of fertilising,
Present invention determine that first applied fertilizer material for potash fertilizer, compound fertilizer or fertilizer, later annual spring and winter each organic fertilizer once,
It is preferred that barnyard manure, obtains excellent fertilizer supply and preferred aspect planting effect.
Polygonatum sibiricum Redoute, big Rhizoma Polygonati have been cultivated simultaneously using the inventive method（P. kingianum）, multiple kinds such as Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua it is each
0.1 mu, result of laboratory test after 2 years proves that the property of medicine of Rhizoma Polygonati, yield are significantly improved, and especially the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua property of medicine is best, yield
Highest, wherein 400 jin of polygonatum sibiricum Redoute yield, 200 jin of big Rhizoma Polygonati, 800 jin of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua.
Further using the multiple kinds of the inventive method plantation Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, planting effect is stable, the property of medicine and product of product
Amount is gratifying.Wherein white yellow is spent, Flos Carthami, Chloranthus multistachys Pei claims 0.3 mu of the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua difference experimental planting spent in vain, Rhizoma Polygonati Seedling
Can grow high to 120cm, after 2 years, the white yellow flower of output has 6～8 heads, Rhizoma Polygonati of the weight up to the pleasantly surprised result of 3～4 jins/,
Result of laboratory test is that the property of medicine is good, resistances against diseases are strong.Expand 150 mu of plantation and obtain 8～10 heads, the per mu yield of 3 years can be up to 5～8 tons
Rhizoma Polygonati seedling；1000～1500 mu of high-quality, the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling of high yield can be expanded after 2 years to, be that existing implantation methods are produced
10 times of amount.The sugar content of gained Rhizoma Polygonati is 12, the sugar content standard of Rhizoma Polygonati in remote super traditional Chinese medicines dictionary（Traditional Chinese medicines dictionary Rhizoma Polygonatis contains
Amount standard is to be not less than 7）, better quality is that greatly developing for Rhizoma Polygonati industry accomplishes fluently technical foundation, is adapted to large-scale promotion kind
Plant, realize the stable and high yields benefit of planting rhizoma polygonati.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiment.Following being for illustration only property of embodiment explanations, it is impossible to manage
Solve as limitation of the present invention.Unless stated otherwise, the raw material used in following embodiments is conventional commercial or commercial sources
The raw material of acquisition.
Embodiment 1
Seedling-growing time contrast test：
S1. selection of land and site preparation：
In April, one block of moistening, loose, fertile soil are chosen in zhuzhou,hunan county southern areas, by wide 45cm, high 8cm ridgings,
Distance between the ridges are 20cm, and ridging region ridge Xia Sayiceng compound fertilizer, mu are covered on ridge from the bottom to top successively with compound fertilizer amount 15kg
1.5cm soil, 2cm fertilizers and 5cm soil；
Surrounding on ridge digs gutter, it is ensured that planting site draining is unobstructed, because being caused within 2-3 days by water logging in Rhizoma Polygonati growth course
The necrosis of rotten stem, once rotten stem, Rhizoma Polygonati harvest completely without and the planting site because there is pathogenic bacteria, Rhizoma Polygonati can not be planted in 3 years again.
S2. the process of Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome:
2 years raw healthy and strong, rhizomes of the Rhizoma Polygonati plant of no disease and pests harm are taken, is broken into two with one's hands as parent for a unit by 2 sections, use clean
Blade will be put into volume ratio of the 20ppm Thidiazurons aqueous solution with 20ppm indolebutyric acid aqueous solutions after its surface tear be 1:1 it is mixed
Soak in closing solution 3 hours, finally take out nature and dry；
Above-mentioned rhizome sets 3 groups altogether, 50 parts per group, the 1st group of band fibrous root band bud, and, without bud, the 3rd group both without palpus for the 2nd group of band fibrous root
Root is without bud；
S3. plant and plant:
It is that 45cm, depth are gently pressed in the ridge that step S1 sets for 5cm according to spacing in the rows upwards by the rhizome bud scar after process, plantation
Poured with the depth of water after complete；
After Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome is planted one week, watered once every 3～5 days, it is 40%～60% to control relative moisture of the soil, and the later stage is seen
The situation of emerging of rhizome is examined and determined, the result shown in table 1 is obtained：
Table 1
| Rhizome situation | Total strain number | Emerge after 1.5 months strain number | Emerge after 3 months strain number | Emerge after 6 months strain number | Emerge after 12 months strain number |
| Band fibrous root band bud | 50 | 42 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Band fibrous root is without bud | 50 | 0 | 4 | 45 | 50 |
| Without fibrous root without bud | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49 |
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua implantation methods, comprises the following steps：
S1. selection of land and site preparation：
In April, it is the moistening in more than 10 DEG C areas, loose, fertile soil to choose zhuzhou,hunan county south average daily temperature, by width
40cm, high 6cm ridgings, distance between the ridges are 15cm, ridging region ridge Xia Sayiceng compound fertilizer, mu with compound fertilizer amount 15kg, on ridge by
Under supreme cover 1cm soil, 1cm fertilizers and 4cm soil successively；
With reference to the habit of Rhizoma Polygonati, further, the surrounding on ridge digs gutter, it is ensured that planting site draining is unobstructed, because of Huang
Rotten stem necrosis will be caused for 2-3 days by water logging in smart growth course, once rotten stem, Rhizoma Polygonati is harvested completely without and the planting site is sick because existing
Bacterium, can not plant Rhizoma Polygonati again in 3 years；
S2. the process of Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome：
2 years raw healthy and strong, rhizomes of the Rhizoma Polygonati plant of no disease and pests harm are taken, is broken into two with one's hands as parent for a unit by 2 sections, use clean
Blade will be put into volume ratio of the 10ppm Thidiazurons aqueous solution with 10ppm indolebutyric acid aqueous solutions after its surface tear be 1:1 it is mixed
Soak in closing solution 2 hours, finally take out nature and dry；
Specifically, fibrous root and bud are carried as the rhizome of parent, is conducive to the parent advance germination to emerge；
S3. it is that 40cm, depth are gently pressed in the ridge that step S1 sets for 5cm according to spacing in the rows upwards by the rhizome bud scar after process,
This depth is conducive to root of hair and growth, buried that Rhizoma Polygonati root growth can be caused slow, has buried bad fertilising shallow, and root is easily hurt during fertilising
Portion, is poured with the depth of water after having planted, and 0.07 hectare plantation strain number is 2400 plants；
S4. final-period management：
（1）Water and fertilizer management
After Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome is planted one week, watered once every 4 days, relative moisture of the soil is controlled for 40%～60%；
Root of Rhizoma Polygonati stem length after seedling, with narrow shovel, between rhizome on ridge, scoop forms shovel seam, is applied fertilizer first, applied between shovel seam
Fertilizer is potash fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and amount of application is 7.5kg/ mus, and spring and winter respectively apply chicken manure fertilizer once every year later, apply every time
Measure as 60kg/ mus, chicken manure fertilizer is conducive to effectively improving planting site fertility, improves fertilizer provision from soil environment；
The thick thin soils of last layer 0.5cm are covered in fertilizer surface after winter fertilising, accomplish that winter soil heat preservation is antifreeze, in case winter is dead
Seedling, then carries out deep pouring；
Specifically, during fertilising, fertilizer is 2cm with a distance from root pocket, and fertilizer is too near from root or directly contacts root and can cause burning root；
（2）Weeding, preventing disease and pest and shady wet management
During Rhizoma Polygonati plant strain growth, depending on the growing state of planting site weeds, weeding every other month once, prevents weeds from consuming
Many fertilizer, weeding are light, it is to avoid deep-cut, in order to avoid take the root of Rhizoma Polygonati out of；
Mancozeb and phoxim are sprayed with controlling disease in annual June, spray phoxim and metrifonate in annual October
To prevent and treat soil insect pest；
（3）Shady wet management：The temperature control of dark and damp habit, the rhizome plantation and growth is liked at 10 DEG C according to Rhizoma Polygonati,
Rhizoma Polygonati will not be grown with more than 30 DEG C below 5 DEG C, set up cool canopy, and the high 2m of cool canopy, surrounding ventilation, cool canopy light transmittance keep
30% or so, treat that the hot weather past removes cool canopy again.
Harvesting：Harvest after overground part is withered in spring within 3 years after plantation, direction is planted by Rhizoma Polygonati ridge, successively by Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome
Band soil digs out, and removes ground remnant, wipes soil off using bamboo knife or batten, is careful not to injure tuber, and fibrous root need not
Remove, before at source processing, should not be cleaned with water.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua implantation methods, comprises the following steps：
S1. selection of land and site preparation：
In October, it is the moistening in more than 10 DEG C areas, loose, fertile soil to choose Zhuzhou County south average daily temperature, by width
60cm, high 10cm ridgings, distance between the ridges are 25cm, ridging region ridge Xia Sayiceng compound fertilizer, mu with compound fertilizer amount 25kg, on ridge by
Under supreme cover 12cm soil, 2cm fertilizers and 6cm soil successively；
With reference to the habit of Rhizoma Polygonati, further, the surrounding on ridge digs gutter, it is ensured that planting site draining is unobstructed, because of Huang
Rotten stem necrosis will be caused for 2-3 days by water logging in smart growth course, once rotten stem, Rhizoma Polygonati is harvested completely without and the planting site is sick because existing
Bacterium, can not plant Rhizoma Polygonati again in 3 years；
S2. the process of Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome
2 years raw healthy and strong, rhizomes of the Rhizoma Polygonati plant of no disease and pests harm are taken, is broken into two with one's hands as parent for a unit by 3 sections, use clean
Blade will be put into volume ratio of the 30ppm Thidiazurons aqueous solution with 30ppm indolebutyric acid aqueous solutions after its surface tear be 1:1 it is mixed
Soak in closing solution 4 hours, finally take out nature and dry；
Specifically, fibrous root and bud are carried as the rhizome of parent, is conducive to the parent advance germination to emerge；
S3. it is that 50cm, depth are gently pressed in the ridge that step S1 sets for 5cm according to spacing in the rows upwards by the rhizome bud scar after process,
This depth is conducive to root of hair and growth, buried that Rhizoma Polygonati root growth can be caused slow, has buried bad fertilising shallow, and root is easily hurt during fertilising
Portion, is poured with the depth of water after having planted, and 0.07 hectare plantation strain number is 2000 plants；
S4. final-period management
（1）Water and fertilizer management
After Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome is planted one week, watered once every 4 days, relative moisture of the soil is controlled for 40%～60%；
Root of Rhizoma Polygonati stem length after seedling, with narrow shovel, between rhizome on ridge, scoop forms shovel seam, is applied fertilizer first, applied between shovel seam
Fertilizer is K composite fertilizer, and amount of application is 15kg/ mus, and spring and winter respectively apply chicken manure fertilizer once every year later, and each amount of application is
100kg/ mus, chicken manure fertilizer are conducive to effectively improving planting site fertility, improve fertilizer provision from soil environment；
The thick thin soils of last layer 1cm are covered in fertilizer surface after winter fertilising, accomplish that winter soil heat preservation is antifreeze, in case winter is dead
Seedling, then carries out deep pouring；
Specifically, during fertilising, fertilizer is 2cm with a distance from root pocket, and fertilizer is too near from root or directly contacts root and can cause burning root；
（2）Weeding and pest management
During Rhizoma Polygonati plant strain growth, depending on the growing state of planting site weeds, weeding every other month once, prevents weeds from consuming
Many fertilizer, weeding are light, it is to avoid deep-cut, in order to avoid take the root of Rhizoma Polygonati out of；
Mancozeb and phoxim are sprayed with controlling disease in annual June, spray phoxim and metrifonate in annual October
To prevent and treat soil insect pest；
（3）Shady wet management：The temperature control of dark and damp habit, the rhizome plantation and growth is liked at 20 DEG C according to Rhizoma Polygonati,
Rhizoma Polygonati will not be grown with more than 30 DEG C below 5 DEG C, set up cool canopy, and the high 2m of cool canopy, surrounding ventilation, cool canopy light transmittance keep
30% or so, treat that the hot weather past removes cool canopy again.
Harvesting：Harvest after overground part is withered in autumn within 4 years after plantation, direction is planted by Rhizoma Polygonati ridge, successively by Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome
Band soil digs out, and removes ground remnant, wipes soil off using bamboo knife or batten, is careful not to injure tuber, and fibrous root need not
Remove, before at source processing, should not be cleaned with water.
Observation and the Rhizoma Polygonati plant of the plantation of detection embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, obtain the data shown in table 2：
Table 2
| Growth cycle | Height of seedling（cm） | Head number（It is individual） | Individual plant weight（Jin） | Per mu yield（Ton） | Sugar content |
| Life in 3 years | 80～100 | 6～8 | 5～8 | 5～8 | 9～10 |
| Life in 4 years | 100～120 | 8～10 | 10～13 | 8～10 | 10～12 |
Here is not repeated other embodiment one by one, and plantation result for many years summarizes discovery, spends more Huang using the inventive method plantation
The multiple kinds of essence, planting effect are stable, and the property of medicine and yield of product is gratifying.Wherein white yellow is spent, Flos Carthami, Chloranthus multistachys Pei claims white
0.3 mu of colored Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua difference experimental planting, Rhizoma Polygonati Seedling can be grown high to 120cm, and after 2 years, what the white yellow of output was spent has 6
～8 heads, Rhizoma Polygonati of the weight up to the pleasantly surprised result of 3～4 jins/, result of laboratory test are that the property of medicine is good, resistances against diseases are strong.Expand plantation 150
Mu obtains 8～10 heads, and the per mu yield of 3 years can be up to 5～8 tons of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling；1000～1500 mu excellent can be expanded after 2 years to
The Rhizoma Polygonati seedling of matter, high yield, is 10 times of existing implantation methods yield.The sugar content of gained Rhizoma Polygonati is 12, remote super traditional Chinese medicines word
The sugar content standard of Rhizoma Polygonati in allusion quotation（The content standard of traditional Chinese medicines dictionary Rhizoma Polygonati is to be not less than 7）, better quality is the big of Rhizoma Polygonati industry
Technical foundation is accomplished fluently in power development, is adapted to large-scale promotion plantation, is realized the stable and high yields benefit of planting rhizoma polygonati.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for planting rhizoma polygonati, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
When S1. selecting, selection of land, site preparation and base manure are processed：
Selection of land when selecting：In 2～October, it is 10～20 DEG C regional in average daily temperature, chooses moistening, loose, fertile soil；
Site preparation：By wide 40～60cm, high 6～10cm ridgings, distance between the ridges are 15～25cm；
Base manure process：In ridging region ridge Xia Sayiceng compound fertilizer, 1～2cm soil, 1～2cm on ridge, are covered from the bottom to top successively
Fertilizer and 4～6cm soil；
S2. the process of Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome：1～2 year raw healthy and strong, rhizome of the Rhizoma Polygonati plant of no disease and pests harm is taken, is one by 2～3 sections
Individual unit is broken into two with one's hands or is cut as parent, will be put into Thidiazuron aqueous solution with indolebutyric acid aqueous solution after the surface tear of parent
Soak in mixed solution, taking-up is dried, the rhizome after must processing；
S3. plant and plant：By the bud scar of the rhizome after process upwards, it is that 40～50cm, depth are gently pressed into step for 4～6cm according to spacing in the rows
In the ridge that rapid S1 sets, poured with the depth of water after having planted；
S4. final-period management：（1）Water and fertilizer management：After Rhizoma Polygonati rhizome is planted one week, watered once every 3～5 days, control soil phase
It is 40%～60% to humidity；Root of Rhizoma Polygonati stem length after seedling, the apply fertilizer material that applies fertilizer first is potash fertilizer or fertilizer, later spring every year
With winter each organic fertilizer once；（2）Weeding, preventing disease and pest and shady wet management.
2. method for planting rhizoma polygonati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that site preparation described in step S1, is additionally included in the four of ridge
Week digs gutter.
3. method for planting rhizoma polygonati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that compound fertilizer's amount of application described in step S1 is per mu 15
～25kg.
4. method for planting rhizoma polygonati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that fertilizer adopts barnyard manure described in step S1；It is described
The consumption of fertilizer determines use according to the amount of per mu of 300～400kg fertilizer.
5. method for planting rhizoma polygonati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rhizome of the parent carry fibrous root and bud or
Seedling.
6. method for planting rhizoma polygonati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that rhizome described in step S2 is being broken into two with one's hands, cuts or drawn
When hindering, instrument used is clean, without oil or salt.
7. method for planting rhizoma polygonati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration of Thidiazuron aqueous solution is described in step S2
10～30ppm, the concentration of the indolebutyric acid aqueous solution is 10～30ppm, and the Thidiazuron aqueous solution and indolebutyric acid are water-soluble
The volume ratio of liquid is 1:1；The time soaked in the mixed solution is 2～4 hours.
8. method for planting rhizoma polygonati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plantation described in step S3, is given birth to according to Rhizoma Polygonati
Long trend determines the spacing in the rows of plantation：The Rhizoma Polygonati for harvesting for 3 years, its plant spacing in the rows are set to 40cm；The Rhizoma Polygonati of harvesting in 4 years, its plant
Spacing in the rows is set to 50cm.
9. method for planting rhizoma polygonati according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in water and fertilizer management described in step S4, the side of fertilising
Method is that between rhizome on ridge, scoop forms shovel seam with narrow shovel, is applied fertilizer between shovel seam；
In water and fertilizer management described in step S4, each amount of application of the potash fertilizer, fertilizer is 7.5～15kg/ mus；
In water and fertilizer management described in step S4, the fertilizer is barnyard manure, and each amount of application is 60～100kg/ mus；It is preferred that described
Barnyard manure is chicken manure fertilizer；
Preventing disease and pest described in step S4 is to spray Mancozeb and phoxim with controlling disease in annual 5～July, annual
10～December sprays phoxim and metrifonate to prevent and treat soil insect pest.
10. the application of implantation methods described in any one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that be applied to plant polygonatum sibiricum Redoute, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei
Essence or Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua；It is preferably applied to plant the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua that white yellow flower, Flos Carthami or Chloranthus multistachys Pei claims to spend in vain.
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| CN108849353A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-23 | 陈超 | A kind of method of imitating wild planting rhizoma polygonati under larch forest |
| CN109122146A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-01-04 | 四川天水缘生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of rhizoma polygonati high-yield planting method |
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| CN109729948A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-10 | 湖南环境生物职业技术学院 | A kind of implantation methods of root and rhizome class medicinal material |
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| CN110073932A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-02 | 遵义衡中中药材科技开发有限公司 | One kind covering web, high efficiency planting technology method |
| CN110915565A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-03-27 | 贵州众鑫益民生态农业发展有限公司 | Polygonatum sibiricum planting method |
| CN111955299A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-20 | 丽水市林业技术推广总站 | High-germination-rate drought-resistant polygonatum cyrtonema planting method |
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