CN104541833B - A kind of method of Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling-raising - Google Patents

A kind of method of Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling-raising Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104541833B
CN104541833B CN201410097332.6A CN201410097332A CN104541833B CN 104541833 B CN104541833 B CN 104541833B CN 201410097332 A CN201410097332 A CN 201410097332A CN 104541833 B CN104541833 B CN 104541833B
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seed
rhizoma paridis
sand
seedling
foliage
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CN104541833A (en
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赵庭周
樊启龙
王卜琼
马青
杨成金
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Yunnan Baiyao Group Chinese Herbal Medicine Quality Provenance Breeding Co Ltd
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Yunnan Baiyao Group Chinese Herbal Medicine Quality Provenance Breeding Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of emergence rate that improves, the Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling-raising method of increase planting percent.Will be through Stratificated treatment, the Rhizoma Paridis seed that embryo after-ripening completes, by 600~800/m2 uniform broadcasting on the artificial substratum of preparation, loose, ventilative, the substrate of water conservation ensure that the optimum growth of root system in early stage Rhizoma Paridis Seed Germination, thus, improve emergence rate, make emergence rate reach more than 80%;Pass through foliage dressing; add the nutrition of seedling; promote the growth of Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling tuber; add the resistance of seedling; considerably increasing planting percent, planting percent reaches more than 60%, improves the utilization rate of Rhizoma Paridis seed resource; promote the benign development of Rhizoma Paridis plant husbandry, effectively protect the peculiar rare herb resource of China.

Description

A kind of method of Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling-raising
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seedling breeding method of Chinese crude drug, specifically Rhizoma Paridis Paris Polyphylla var.yunnanensis (Fr.) Hand.Mazz. seed high efficiency seedling cultivating method.
Background technology
The seed development of Rhizoma Paridis is not complete, and the seed of fresh harvest does not have complete embryo, belongs to stupid col type Seed.Under field conditions (factors), the seed germination of Rhizoma Paridis needs through 2 winters, about 18~22 Month, emergence rate also ratio is relatively low, and planting percent is the lowest, less than 1%.In order to shorten Rhizoma Paridis seed Sprout time, a lot of scientific research institutions have carried out and broken seed dormant research, hormone and intermittent warming is relatively Conventional method.These methods suitably shorten the sprout time of Rhizoma Paridis seed, can be to improving emergence rate With increase planting percent, the most significantly contribution.
After Rhizoma Paridis seed sprouting, the transplanting survival rate of annual seedling less than 10%, biennial seedling Transplanting survival rate is less than 50%, and the survival rate of 3 years raw seedling can reach more than 85%.Therefore, Rhizoma Paridis After seed comes up, need 3 years foster, just can become commercial seedling and sell.Due to resource and environment Restriction, it is low that few people study Rhizoma Paridis seeding ratio, seedling difference reason.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of prior art, it is provided that a kind of improve going out of Rhizoma Paridis seed The Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling-raising method of Seedling rate and planting percent.
A kind of method of Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling-raising, said method comprising the steps of:
1) Rhizoma Paridis earthing of seeds is processed, complete the after-ripening of Rhizoma Paridis seed embryo;
Described Stratificated treatment is by dry Rhizoma Paridis seed, after imbibition, and sand by volume 1: After 3-1:6 mixing, it is placed in ventilative nursery frame, keeps sand to moisten, at the bar more than 16 DEG C Preserve more than 180 days under part;
Preferably, described Rhizoma Paridis seed is 1:4 with the volume ratio of sand;
2) use formulation media sowing, increase emergence rate;
By the Rhizoma Paridis seed uniform broadcasting after step 1 Stratificated treatment in substrate;
Described matrix formulations be become thoroughly decomposed farm manure, the raw-soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses, sand after solar exposure by volume Ratio 1:3:4:2 mix homogeneously;
3) rational application of fertilizer, improves planting percent;
After Rhizoma Paridis seed is emerged for the first time, the monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 1~1.5 ‰, 1.5~2.5 ‰ Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, increase seedling nutrition;After next year emerges for the second time, monthly foliage-spray 2~3 ‰ Carbamide, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 4~6 ‰, per February humic-acid kind foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray;3rd Secondary emerge after, every mu of compound fertilizer spreading fertilizer over the fields 35~40 kilograms;
Wherein, described compound fertilizer is N:P:K=10:20:15.
Preferably, the sand after the sand in step 1) is solar exposure
Preferably, in step 1), described seed is before drying, through following process: seed collection After, heap is sealed 3~5 days, after episperm fully softens, wraps up seed with mesh bag, firmly rubs, water Middle cleaning, removes most episperm;
Preferably, in step 1), described mesh bag is 60 mesh nylon net bags;
Preferably, in step 1), described holding sand water content 20~30%;
Preferably, step 2) in, described substrate is made seedling bed;
Preferably, described seedling bed is wide 120~150cm, high 20~the seedling bed of 25cm;
Preferably, in step 2) in, described Rhizoma Paridis seed broadcast sowing density be every square metre 600~ 800;
Preferably, after broadcasting sowing, the shallow rake on moisture in the soil face lightly with rake, allow seed naturally embark on journey, so After, cover one layer 1~2cm thick dry branches and fallen leaves or Folium Pini, water permeable;
In a preferred embodiment in accordance with this invention, said method comprising the steps of:
A.10, after the middle of the month, after stem and leaf is withered and yellow on the ground, the seed of Rhizoma Paridis is plucked, after seed collection, Seal 3~5 days with Plastic Drum or plastic box heap, after episperm fully softens, with 60 mesh nylon net bag bags Wrap up in seed, firmly rub, water cleans, removes most episperm;The seed that will dry, after abundant imbibition, With the sand after solar exposure, after 1:4 mixing by volume, it is placed in ventilative nursery frame, protects Hold sand to moisten, preserve 180 days under conditions of more than 16 DEG C, carry out Stratificated treatment;
B. the sand after the farm manure pulverizing will fully become thoroughly decomposed, with the raw-soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses, solar exposure is by volume Ratio 1:3:4:2 mix homogeneously, as the substrate of nursery, makes wide 120~150cm, high 20~25cm Seedling bed;
C. the Rhizoma Paridis seed after step a Stratificated treatment is equal by the density of 600~800 every square metre Even it is sown on seedbed, after broadcasting sowing, the shallow rake on moisture in the soil face lightly with rake, allow seed naturally embark on journey, Then, cover one layer 1~2cm thick dry branches and fallen leaves or Folium Pini, water permeable;
D. after Rhizoma Paridis seed is emerged for the first time, the most monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 1~1.5 ‰, 2 ‰ Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, increases the nutrition of seedling;After next year, second time emerged, monthly foliage-spray 2~3 ‰ Carbamide, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 5 ‰, per February humic-acid kind foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray;Third time goes out Miao Hou, every mu of compound fertilizer spreading fertilizer over the fields 35~40 kilograms.
Described compound fertilizer is N:P:K=10:20:15.
A kind of Rhizoma Paridis seed high efficiency seedling cultivating method, the step of described method is:
A.10, after the middle of the month, after stem and leaf is withered and yellow on the ground, the seed of Rhizoma Paridis is plucked, after seed collection, Seal 3~5 days with Plastic Drum or plastic box heap, after episperm fully softens, with 60 mesh nylon net bag bags Wrap up in seed, firmly rub, water cleans, removes most episperm;The seed that will dry, after abundant imbibition, With the sand after solar exposure, after mixing by 1:4, it is placed in ventilative nursery frame, keeps sand Moistening, preserve 180 days under conditions of more than 16 DEG C, carry out Stratificated treatment;
B. the sand after the farm manure pulverizing will fully become thoroughly decomposed, with the raw-soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses, solar exposure is by volume Ratio 1:3:4:2 mix homogeneously, as the substrate of nursery, makes wide 120~150cm, high 20~25cm Seedling bed;
C. the Rhizoma Paridis seed after step a Stratificated treatment is pressed the even density of 600~800 every square metre It is sown on seedbed, after broadcasting sowing, the shallow rake on moisture in the soil face lightly with rake, allow seed naturally embark on journey, so After, cover one layer 1~2cm thick dry branches and fallen leaves or Folium Pini, water permeable;
D. after Rhizoma Paridis seed is emerged for the first time, the most monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 1~1.5 ‰, 2 ‰ Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, increases the nutrition of seedling;After next year, second time emerged, monthly foliage-spray 2~3 ‰ Carbamide, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 5 ‰, per February the most micro-fertilizer of foliage-spray;After third time is emerged, every mu Spread fertilizer over the fields the compound fertilizer of 35~40 kilograms.
The present invention in order to improve the emergence rate of Rhizoma Paridis seed, improve planting percent, through observation for many years with Practice, the invention provides a kind of be effectively improved emergence rate, increase planting percent high efficiency seedling cultivating method.That is: Stratificated treatment, completes the after-ripening of Rhizoma Paridis seed embryo;Formulation media is sowed, and increases emergence rate;Rationally execute Fertilizer, improves planting percent.
The Rhizoma Paridis seed high efficiency seedling cultivating method that the present invention provides, is remarkably improved emergence rate and planting percent. Loose, ventilative, the substrate of water conservation ensure that the optimum growth of root system in early stage Rhizoma Paridis Seed Germination, Thus, improve emergence rate, make emergence rate reach more than 80%;By foliage dressing, add seedling Nutrition, promotes the growth of Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling tuber, adds the resistance of seedling, be greatly increased Planting percent, planting percent reaches more than 60%, improve the utilization rate of Rhizoma Paridis seed resource, promote Yunnan The benign development of Rhizoma Paridis plant husbandry, effectively protects the peculiar rare herb resource of China.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further, but is not limited to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A.10, after the middle of the month, after stem and leaf is withered and yellow on the ground, the seed of Rhizoma Paridis is plucked, after seed collection, Seal 3~5 days with Plastic Drum or plastic box heap, after episperm fully softens, with 60 mesh nylon net bag bags Wrap up in seed, firmly rub, water cleans, removes most episperm;The seed that will dry, after abundant imbibition, With the sand after solar exposure, after mixing by 1:4, it is placed in ventilative nursery frame, keeps sand Moistening, i.e. keeping sand water content is 20~30%;Preserve 180 days under conditions of more than 16 DEG C, enter Row Stratificated treatment;
B. the sand after the farm manure pulverizing will fully become thoroughly decomposed, with the raw-soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses, solar exposure is by volume Ratio 1:3:4:2 mix homogeneously, as the substrate of nursery, makes wide 120~150cm, high 20~25cm Seedling bed;
C. the Rhizoma Paridis seed after step a Stratificated treatment is equal by the density of 600~800 every square metre Even it is sown on seedbed, after broadcasting sowing, the shallow rake on moisture in the soil face lightly with rake, allow seed naturally embark on journey, Then, cover one layer 1~2cm thick dry branches and fallen leaves or Folium Pini, water permeable;
D. Rhizoma Paridis seed sprouting in April in next year, emergence rate reaches 87%, after emerging for the first time, in 5~JIUYUE The most monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 1~1.5 ‰, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 2 ‰, increase the nutrition of seedling; Rhizoma Paridis seedling second time emergence rate is 72%, after emerging, and 5~JIUYUE, monthly spray the urine of 2~3 ‰ Element, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 5 ‰, per February humic acids foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray;Third time is emerged Rate is 69%, after emerging, and every mu of compound fertilizer spreading fertilizer over the fields 35~40 kilograms.
Described compound fertilizer is N:P:K=10:20:15.
Wherein, the emergence rate calculating basis that three times emerge is seed amount during sowing.

Claims (12)

1. a method for Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling-raising, said method comprising the steps of:
1) Rhizoma Paridis earthing of seeds is processed, complete the after-ripening of Rhizoma Paridis seed embryo;
Described Stratificated treatment is by dry Rhizoma Paridis seed, after imbibition, after mixing with sand 1:3-1:6 by volume, is placed in ventilative nursery frame, keeps sand to moisten, preserves more than 180 days under conditions of more than 16 DEG C;
2) use formulation media sowing, increase emergence rate;
By the Rhizoma Paridis seed uniform broadcasting after step 1 Stratificated treatment in substrate;
Described matrix formulations be become thoroughly decomposed farm manure, the raw-soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses, sand 1:3:4:2 mix homogeneously by volume after solar exposure;
3) rational application of fertilizer, improves planting percent;
After Rhizoma Paridis seed is emerged for the first time, the monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 1~1.5 ‰, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 1.5~2.5 ‰, increase the nutrition of seedling;After next year, second time emerged, the monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 2~3 ‰, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 4~6 ‰, per February humic-acid kind foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray;After third time is emerged, every mu of compound fertilizer spreading fertilizer over the fields 35~40 kilograms;Wherein, described compound fertilizer is N:P:K=10:20:15.
Method the most according to claim 1, wherein, step 1) in, described Rhizoma Paridis seed is 1:4 with the volume ratio of sand.
Method the most according to claim 1, wherein, step 1) in, described sand is the sand after solar exposure.
Method the most according to claim 1, wherein, step 1) in, described seed is before drying, through following process: after seed collection, heap is sealed 3~5 days, after episperm fully softens, wraps up seed with mesh bag, firmly rub, water cleans, removes most episperm.
Method the most according to claim 4, wherein, described mesh bag is 60 mesh nylon net bags.
Method the most according to claim 1, wherein, step 1) in, keeping described sand water content is 20~30%.
7. according to the method according to any one of claim 1-6, wherein, step 2) in, described substrate is made seedling bed.
Method the most according to claim 7, wherein, described seedling bed is wide 120~150cm, high 20~the seedling bed of 25cm.
9. according to the method according to any one of claim 1-6, wherein, step 2) in, the density of broadcasting sowing of described Rhizoma Paridis seed is 600~800 every square metre.
10. according to the method according to any one of claim 1-6, wherein, step 2) in, after broadcasting sowing, the shallow rake on moisture in the soil face lightly with rake, allow seed naturally embark on journey, then, cover one layer 1~2cm thick dry branches and fallen leaves or Folium Pini, water permeable.
11., according to the method according to any one of claim 1-6, comprise the following steps:
A.10 after the middle of the month, after stem and leaf is withered and yellow on the ground, plucks the seed of Rhizoma Paridis, after seed collection, seal 3~5 days with Plastic Drum or plastic box heap, after episperm fully softens, with 60 mesh nylon net bag parcel seeds, firmly rub, water cleans, removes most episperm;The seed that will dry, after abundant imbibition, with the sand after solar exposure, after 1:4 mixing by volume, is placed in ventilative nursery frame, keeps sand to moisten, preserve 180 days, carry out Stratificated treatment under conditions of more than 16 DEG C;
B. the farm manure fully become thoroughly decomposed is pulverized, mix homogeneously with the sand 1:3:4:2 by volume after the raw-soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses, solar exposure, as the substrate of nursery, make wide 120~150cm, high 20~the seedling bed of 25cm;
C. the Rhizoma Paridis seed after step a Stratificated treatment is sown on seedbed by the even density of 600~800 every square metre, after broadcasting sowing, the shallow rake on moisture in the soil face lightly with rake, seed is allowed naturally to embark on journey, then, cover one layer 1~2cm thick dry branches and fallen leaves or Folium Pini, water permeable;
D. after Rhizoma Paridis seed is emerged for the first time, the most monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 1~1.5 ‰, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 2 ‰, increase the nutrition of seedling;After next year, second time emerged, the monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 2~3 ‰, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 5 ‰, per February humic-acid kind foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray;After third time is emerged, every mu of compound fertilizer spreading fertilizer over the fields 35~40 kilograms;
Described compound fertilizer is N:P:K=10:20:15.
12. 1 kinds of Rhizoma Paridis seed high efficiency seedling cultivating methods, the step of described method is:
A.10 after the middle of the month, after stem and leaf is withered and yellow on the ground, plucks the seed of Rhizoma Paridis, after seed collection, seal 3~5 days with Plastic Drum or plastic box heap, after episperm fully softens, with 60 mesh nylon net bag parcel seeds, firmly rub, water cleans, removes most episperm;The seed that will dry, after abundant imbibition, with the sand after solar exposure, after mixing by 1:4, is placed in ventilative nursery frame, keeps sand to moisten, preserve 180 days, carry out Stratificated treatment under conditions of more than 16 DEG C;
B. the farm manure fully become thoroughly decomposed is pulverized, mix homogeneously with the sand 1:3:4:2 by volume after the raw-soil, the peat composed of rotten mosses, solar exposure, as the substrate of nursery, make wide 120~150cm, high 20~the seedling bed of 25cm;
C. the Rhizoma Paridis seed after step a Stratificated treatment is sown on seedbed by the even density of 600~800 every square metre, after broadcasting sowing, the shallow rake on moisture in the soil face lightly with rake, seed is allowed naturally to embark on journey, then, cover one layer 1~2cm thick dry branches and fallen leaves or Folium Pini, water permeable;
D. after Rhizoma Paridis seed is emerged for the first time, the most monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 1~1.5 ‰, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 2 ‰, increase the nutrition of seedling;After next year, second time emerged, the monthly carbamide of foliage-spray 2~3 ‰, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 5 ‰, per February the most micro-fertilizer of foliage-spray;After third time is emerged, every mu of compound fertilizer spreading fertilizer over the fields 35~40 kilograms.
CN201410097332.6A 2013-10-15 2014-03-14 A kind of method of Rhizoma Paridis seed seedling-raising Expired - Fee Related CN104541833B (en)

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CN105230280A (en) * 2015-10-12 2016-01-13 冯雪群 High-yield cultivation method for Paris polyphylla
CN105325143B (en) * 2015-10-14 2019-11-26 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 Paris polyphylla, Hua Chonglou seedling three-stage reproduction technique
CN106034705B (en) * 2016-06-29 2019-03-19 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 A kind of paris polyphylla method for culturing seedlings improving planting percent
CN106171409A (en) * 2016-07-06 2016-12-07 李贵东 A kind of Rhizoma Paridis virus-free fast-growing method for culturing seedlings
CN106416655A (en) * 2016-08-02 2017-02-22 景谷雄剑重楼种植专业合作社 Rhizoma Paridis artificial seedling growing method
CN107223482A (en) * 2017-07-01 2017-10-03 云南中医学院 Yunnan Paris polyphylla drawer type seedling fostering box
CN107360753A (en) * 2017-07-20 2017-11-21 四川省中医药科学院 A kind of magnificent Paris polyphylla seed fast breeding method
CN108243852A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-07-06 丽江星宇生物开发有限公司 A kind of paris polyphylla nursery and implantation methods
CN108307965A (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-07-24 上海市药材有限公司 A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings
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CN102823483B (en) * 2012-09-12 2013-09-18 云南三川生物科技有限公司 Fast cultivation device of paridis rhizoma seedlings by natural energy and optimized cultivation method of paridis rhizoma seedlings

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