CN103222362A - Method for improving paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed germination rate - Google Patents
Method for improving paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed germination rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN103222362A CN103222362A CN2013101530373A CN201310153037A CN103222362A CN 103222362 A CN103222362 A CN 103222362A CN 2013101530373 A CN2013101530373 A CN 2013101530373A CN 201310153037 A CN201310153037 A CN 201310153037A CN 103222362 A CN103222362 A CN 103222362A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed germination rate. The invention relates to the technical field of seed biology. The method is characterized in that: collected ripe paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis fruits are dried in shade with the peels; testa is removed by kneading; seeds with the testa removed are subjected to high-temperature soaking, wherein the seeds are soaked for 48h in water with a temperature of 40 DEG C; seed coat injury treatment is carried out after high-temperature soaking, wherein the soaked seeds are placed on a rough metal plate, and the seed coats are rubbed; the seeds are soaked by using gibberellin, and variable-temperature sand preserving treatment is carried out. According to the invention, a unique method for promoting seed germination is effectively integrated with a traditional paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed germination promotion method, such that a paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seed germination rate can be higher than 96% which is increased by 35.2% than that of an existing comprehensive seed germination method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seed biology techniques field, the method for being specifically related to is: adopt the different disposal condition to increase the saturating property of Paris polyphylla seed secundine to improve the vernalization technology of seed germination rate.
Background technology
Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis (Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis) is a Liliaceae Paris herbaceos perennial, is the former plant species of medicinal Paris polyphylla that pharmacopeia is included.Function clearing heat and detoxicating, relieving convulsion pain relieving that its rhizome has can be used for abscess of throat, child convulsion, venomous snake bite, furuncle swelling toxin, controls furuncle outward, and parotitis is the primary raw material of Chinese patent drugs such as Yunnan Baiyao, palace blood are peaceful, the young Huang of sheet.For a long time, people rely on natural wild resource to the utilization of Paris polyphylla always, and owing to excavating of for a long time excessive predation formula, wild Paris polyphylla has suffered destructive destruction, and existing oneself is on the verge of exhaustion, and artificial planting becomes the inevitable choice that solves the Paris polyphylla scarcity of resources.
The Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed has hibernation feature, as allows it sprout naturally, then needed just can emerge in 15 months, and emergence rate is difficult to reach 50%.And adopt the low temperature lamination, and the method for secondary alternating temperature, though can emerge in 1 year, emergence rate only is 60%.Its reason is not exclusively (form after-ripening) and plumular axis after-ripening (physiology after-ripening) of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis embryo differentiation.
The form after-ripening promptly refers to the stage from seed maturity to the embryo maturation, and the embryo is slowly growth and typing in seed.The seed of gathering behind the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis fruit maturation is seed maturity.The embryo of mature seed is very immature, and the form construction of embryo at this moment is not perfect, can not germinate.Under suitable temperature, humidity and air conditions, embryo begins differentiation and growth, differentiates cotyledon, plumule, plumular axis and radicle, has finished the construction of idiosome substantially, and this phase is the form after-ripening.After the after-ripening of embryo completion morphology, be fit to the environmental condition of germinateing, the seed sprouting of still can not at once being unearthed needs the cryogenic conditions of certain hour, and plumular axis passes through its physiology after-ripening, and seed could be sprouted.Under field conditions (factors) two stages of the seed completion morphology after-ripening of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis and physiology after-ripening, promptly need 15 months time from fruit maturation to seed germination.
The domestic scholars of breeding about Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis has been done big quantity research, Li Yunchang (Li Yunchang, the vegetative propagation of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis, Yunnan plant research, 1986,8 (4): 429-435) big quantity research has been done in the seminal propagation of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis, the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed is sprouted naturally, treated and directly be sowed at the cool canopy seedbed, emergence rate was not 46.2% in 15 months.Li Heng, Yang Xinghua are by the form anatomic observation to the Paris polyphylla seed germination: when the Paris polyphylla seed comes off, the embryonic pole agensis, but many cells ellipsoid very little, that do not break up fully, the thick and keratinization of albuminous cell around it, inner face has been full of starch grain and other nutriments, make the endosperm tissue hardening, and be unfavorable for entering of air and moisture, nutrition when the nutriment in the seed also can not soften to the dissolved substance that easily absorbs as embryonic development, so the Paris polyphylla seed is that the differentiation of finishing embryo has latter stage of ripening.Li Yunchang has analyzed Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis Seed Dormancy characteristic, after employing low temperature, the moist preliminary treatment, and high-temperature cultivation, though radicle continues to increase, rhizome, plumular axis be development to some extent also, seed still can not break ground and emerge.Main poor growth because of plumular axis, there is the physiology after ripening in plumular axis, and again through low temperature treatment, high-temperature cultivation can effectively promote the growth of plumular axis again, and seed breaks ground and emerges soon, makes the seed germination time shorten to 10～12 months.This studies show that the low temperature lamination can make the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis embryo better grow, and temperature is the key factor that influences Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis earthing of seeds effect.Aspect application external source growth regulator promotion Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed afterripening, most processing of studying the gibberellin of the concentration of still thinking fit help the germination rate of Paris polyphylla seed.
Although many about the research that how to improve the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate, the researcher is many to be concentrated on sight in the single influence of change external condition to the Paris polyphylla seed germination rate, and it is not very good to sprout efficient.
The inventor in conjunction with the characteristics of seed maturity, has invented a kind of method that can improve seed germination rate greatly and overcome the perishable disadvantage of tradition husky Tibetan seed by the mechanism of analysis-by-synthesis inhibition Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination.By twice update search in 2010 to 2013, find no the relevant report of this kind method at present at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be overcome in the prior art Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate not high, and germination process in the perishable problem of seed, thereby a kind of new method that can improve Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate (more than 96%) greatly of other method of difference is provided.
A kind of method that improves the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate provided by the present invention comprises gathers ripe Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis fruit, exosper is removed in stranding, gibberellin soaks, alternating temperature is husky to be hidden, it is characterized in that: rub with the hands again after the ripe Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis fruit band pericarp that will gather dries in the shade and remove exosper, going the seed of exosper to carry out high temperature stranding soaks, it is the seed 48 hours that removes exosper with the stranding of 40 ℃ of water loggings bubbles that described high temperature soaks, carrying out kind of a skin injury after high temperature soaks handles, it is to place its kind of rubbing skin on the coarse metallic plate through the seed that high temperature soaks that the injury of described kind of skin is handled, and will carry out subsequently planting carrying out husky Tibetan of alternating temperature after seed that the skin injury handles soaks with gibberellin and handling.
The described seed that will carry out planting the skin injury with gibberellin soak, the concentration of its gibberellin is 1000mg/L, soak time is 24 hours.
Described alternating temperature is husky to be hidden to handle and is 4 ℃ and handles 16 days, 22 ℃ down and handled 16 days that so repeated treatments is placed on 22 ℃ for 6 times, dark condition is husky down hid 60 days.
The innovative point of the inventive method is:
The present invention is on the basis of the physiological property of furtheing investigate the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed and summary former achievements, the method of undiscovered method that helps promoting seed germination of other people of uniqueness and traditional promotion Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination is organically integrated, the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate is reached more than 96%, compare with existing comprehensive seed germination method, seed germination rate has improved 35.2%, has produced unforeseeable technique effect.Imbody:
1. the band pericarp dries in the shade before exosper is removed in the stranding of routine, and conventional method is that direct stranding the with the hands of ripe Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis fruit that will gather removed exosper, carries out alternating temperature stratification after soaking with gibberellin then and handles; The inventive method was with pericarp to dry in the shade before exosper is removed in stranding, purpose is to allow seed under the condition that pericarp supply nutrient is arranged, further reach maturity in the fruit, the method of removing exosper at once behind the collection seed of this step and aforementioned routine, much higher aspect the seed germination rate raising, its seed germination rate has improved 10%.
2. adopt high temperature to soak measure, be about to rub with the hands the seed that removes exosper and steeped seeds 48 hours, can soften the seed of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis with 40 ℃ of water loggings, make kind of a skin swelling, increased the saturating property of kind skin, be beneficial to entering of allogenic material, in the hormone immersion process in later stage, can improve the effect that hormone soaks.This measure makes seed germination rate improve 20%.
3. carrying out kind of a skin injury handles, after high-temperature water soaks, with coarse metallic plate rubbing seed skin, injury kind of skin, the purpose of this step is: the method by the hard sclerotesta of further injury Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis improve seed in the hormone immersion process in later stage to allogenic material absorption ratio, improve the facilitation effect of hormone with this to the sprouting of seed.This measure makes seed germination rate improve 6.7%.
The husky Tibetan of the alternating temperature that the inventive method adopts is handled and has been guaranteed simultaneously that also seed does not rot in the process of sand Tibetan, has overcome traditional germination seed because of the improper rotten problem of anaerobic respiration that causes of moisture control.
Method used instrument in this aspect is simple, and is easy to operate, therefore, is easy to carry out the production of batch production Paris polyphylla seedling.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 the inventive method
Key instrument of the present invention: climatic cabinate (RGX-250)
The present invention is a kind of method that improves the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate, carries out according to the following steps:
(1) the band pericarp dries in the shade, the ripe Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis fruit band pericarp of gathering is dried in the shade (in mass fraction, drying in the shade to water content 29～31% gets final product).
(2) exosper is removed in stranding, and exosper is removed in the seed stranding that the band pericarp dries in the shade.(can rub exosper cold water part slightly with the hands, dry in the shade as for the indoor of no sunlight direct projection, after be positioned in the seed packet preserve standby).
(3) high temperature soaks, and the seed that stranding is removed exosper is with soaking seed 48 hours in 40 ℃ of water.
(4) plant the skin injury and handle, behind high-temperature water seed soaking, seed is carried out mechanical treatment kind skin, be about to place on the coarse metallic plate or its seed skin of rubbing on the hard washboard, make kind of skin be subjected to a certain degree damage through the seed that high temperature soaks.
(5) gibberellin soaks, and is the described seed of gibberellin (GA) soaking step (4) 24 hours of 1000mg/L with concentration.
(6) the husky Tibetan of alternating temperature handled, the seed that will soak through gibberellin is the ratio of 1:3 in seed with wet husky volume ratio, seed and wet sand are mixed, sand humidity control 68%～78%, put into and place climatic cabinate in the basin, adopt the alternating temperature processing mode, promptly handle 16 days, 22 ℃ processing 16 days down for 4 ℃, so repeated treatments is 6 times, be placed on 22 ℃, following husky the Tibetan 60 days of dark condition, seed germination rate reaches more than 96%, and this method promptly can improve germination rate greatly, can overcome the husky perishable shortcoming of seed of hiding of traditional constant temperature again.
2 kinds of subband pericarps of embodiment dry in the shade and are not with the pericarp comparison of drying in the shade
Embodiment 2 dries in the shade and is not with the pericarp monofactor that dries in the shade by changing the band pericarp, relatively its influence to the Paris polyphylla seed germination rate, present embodiment is with pericarp to dry in the shade, be not with pericarp two processing of drying in the shade, band pericarp each step handled of drying in the shade is identical with embodiment 1, do not dry in the shade to handle except that the ripe Paris polyphylla fruit stranding that directly will gather with pericarp and go exosper dries in the shade, all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Experimental result shows (seeing table 1 for details): adopt the band pericarp to dry in the shade (A method), its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 96% ± 3%; And be not with pericarp to dry in the shade (B method), its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 87% ± 2%.
Embodiment 3 high-temperature water soak and do not carry out the high-temperature water immersion relatively
Embodiment 3 is by changing 40 ℃ of high-temperature water immersions and not carrying out high-temperature water immersion monofactor, relatively its influence to the Paris polyphylla seed germination rate, present embodiment carries out 40 ℃ of high-temperature water and soaks, do not carry out high-temperature water immersion (also not carrying out any immersion) two processing, each step of 40 ℃ of high-temperature water immersion treatment is identical with embodiment 1, not carrying out the high-temperature water immersion treatment step (3) high-temperature water soaking in omitting embodiment 1, all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Experimental result shows (seeing table 1 for details): adopt 40 ℃ of high-temperature water to soak (A method), its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 96% ± 3%; Do not soak (B method) and do not carry out high-temperature water, its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 80% ± 4%.
4 kinds of skin injuries of embodiment are handled and are not carried out kind of skin injury processing relatively
Embodiment 4 carries out kind of skin injury processing and does not carry out kind of a skin injury processing monofactor by change, relatively its influence to the Paris polyphylla seed germination rate, present embodiment carries out kind of a skin injury and handles, do not carry out kind of two processing of skin injury processing, carry out each step that the injury of kind of skin handles and embodiment 1 identical, do not carry out kind of a skin injury and handle to remove and omit among the embodiment 1 step (4) and plant skin and injure the processing, all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Experimental result shows (seeing table 1 for details): carry out kind of a skin injury and handle (A method), its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 96% ± 3%; Do not handle (B method) and do not carry out kind of a skin injury, its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 90% ± 5%.
Embodiment 5 changes GA concentration to be handled relatively
Embodiment 5 is by changing GA concentration monofactor, relatively its influence to the Paris polyphylla seed germination rate, present embodiment has carried out GA concentration and has been respectively 1000mg/L, 800mg/L, three processing of 600mg/L, handle the described seed of immersion embodiment 1 step (4) for three and be 24 hours, three processing are except that GA concentration difference, and all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Experimental result shows (seeing table 1 for details): GA concentration is the 1000mg/L(A method), its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 96% ± 3%; GA concentration is the 800mg/L(B method), its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 81% ± 5%; GA concentration is the 600mg/L(C method), its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 46% ± 4%.
The husky Tibetan of embodiment 6 alternating temperatures is handled with constant temperature is husky and is hidden processing relatively
Embodiment 6 is by changing constant temperature processing and alternating temperature processing monofactor in the process of the husky Tibetan of seed, relatively its influence to the Paris polyphylla seed germination rate, present embodiment carries out constant temperature husky Tibetan processing and hides two processing of processing with alternating temperature sand, husky each step handled of hiding of alternating temperature is identical with embodiment 1, the husky Tibetan of constant temperature handled except that 20 ℃ of constant temperature sand of employing are hidden, and all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.
Experimental result shows (seeing table 1 for details): the husky Tibetan of alternating temperature handled (A method), and its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 96% ± 3%, and rotting rate is 1% ± 0.5%; And husky handle (the B method) of hiding of constant temperature, its Paris polyphylla seed germination rate is 94% ± 5%, rotting rate is 44% ± 6%.
Embodiment 7 the inventive method embodiment 1 compare with existing comprehensive seed germination method
Embodiment 7 adopts existing comprehensive seed germination method embodiment in contrast, is intended to comparison the inventive method (A method) and the effect of existing comprehensive seed germination method (B method) to the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate.The inventive method (A method) is embodiment 1 described method, and existing comprehensive seed germination method (B method) step is as follows:
(1) exosper is removed in stranding, the ripe Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis fruit of gathering is rubbed with the hands removed exosper;
(2) be that the GA soaking step (1) of 800mg/L is rubbed the seed 24 hours remove exosper with the hands with concentration;
(3) the husky Tibetan of alternating temperature handled, the seed that will soak through gibberellin is the ratio of 1:3 in seed with wet husky volume ratio, seed and wet sand are mixed, sand humidity control 68%～78%, put into and place climatic cabinate in the basin, adopt the alternating temperature processing mode, promptly handle 16 days, 22 ℃ processing 16 days down for 4 ℃, so repeated treatments is 6 times, is placed on 22 ℃, following husky the Tibetan 60 days of dark condition.Experiment effect sees Table 1: the inventive method is handled, and its Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate is 96% ± 3%; And existing comprehensive seed germination method is handled, and its Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate is 71% ± 4%.
Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate comparable situation under the table 1 different disposal method
The method of alphabetical A, B, C representative is the described method of corresponding embodiment in the table 1.
Claims (3)
1. method that improves the Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate, comprise and gather ripe Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis fruit, exosper is removed in stranding, gibberellin soaks, alternating temperature is husky to be hidden, it is characterized in that: rub with the hands again after the ripe Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis fruit band pericarp that will gather dries in the shade and remove exosper, going the seed of exosper to carry out high temperature stranding soaks, it is the seed 48 hours that removes exosper with the stranding of 40 ℃ of water loggings bubbles that described high temperature soaks, carrying out kind of a skin injury after high temperature soaks handles, it is to place its kind of rubbing skin on the coarse metallic plate through the seed that high temperature soaks that the injury of described kind of skin is handled, and will carry out subsequently planting carrying out husky Tibetan of alternating temperature after seed that the skin injury handles soaks with gibberellin and handling.
2. the method for raising Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described seed that will carry out planting the skin injury with gibberellin soak, the concentration of its gibberellin is 1000mg/L, soak time is 24 hours.
3. the method for raising Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis seed germination rate according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described alternating temperature is husky to be hidden to handle and is 4 ℃ and handles 16 days, 22 ℃ down and handled 16 days that so repeated treatments is placed on 22 ℃ for 6 times, dark condition is husky down hid 60 days.
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| CN103609223A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2014-03-05 | 中南民族大学 | Method Paris polyphylla var.chinensis through gibberellin and wet sand stratification |
| CN103621557A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-03-12 | 贵州大学 | Special treatment agent for polyphylla seed germination |
| CN103814652A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-05-28 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Seed germination method for P.yunnanensis and P.mairei plants |
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| CN104718842A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-24 | 铜仁职业技术学院 | Paris polyphylla husking seedling-emerging method |
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| CN105210647A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-06 | 云南祥仁生物科技有限公司 | The method for massively culturing of a kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling |
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| CN105917792A (en) * | 2016-05-28 | 2016-09-07 | 云南农业大学 | Method for increasing seedling emergence rate of paris polyphylla seeds |
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