CN105191636A - Northern Xinjiang drop irrigation spring wheat planting method - Google Patents

Northern Xinjiang drop irrigation spring wheat planting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105191636A
CN105191636A CN201510655876.4A CN201510655876A CN105191636A CN 105191636 A CN105191636 A CN 105191636A CN 201510655876 A CN201510655876 A CN 201510655876A CN 105191636 A CN105191636 A CN 105191636A
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water
soil
spring wheat
urea
sowing
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CN105191636B (en
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王振华
郑旭荣
李文昊
申亚宾
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Shihezi University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a northern Xinjiang drop irrigation spring wheat planting method. The method mainly includes the following steps of preparation before sowing, spring wheat variety selection, sowing and field management. Compared with the prior art, the northern Xinjiang drop irrigation spring wheat planting method has the advantages that spring wheat is harvested in advance, the land utilization rate is increased, and the yield is increased.

Description

A kind of North SinKiang spring wheat planting method by trickle irrigation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wheat planting method, especially a kind of implantation methods being applicable to Corpping in North Xinjiang drip irrigation spring wheat.
Background technology
Drip irrigation spring wheat, at In The North of Xinjiang establishing in large scale, alleviates the shortage of water of puzzlement Arid&semi-arid area agricultural, improves Farming benefit.The Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Changji of Xinjiang Wheat main producing region in 2011, drip irrigation spring wheat area just reaches 20.7 ten thousand mu.
After the beginning of July wheat harvest, North SinKiang available light thermal resource still has 90 to 100 days, can meet the early-maturing crop cultivation needs such as oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, blue or green storage corn, under drip irrigation technique, the minimizing of crop water consumption can be poured water for providing with the plantation again of annual crop, promotes North SinKiang " bi-annual planting " cultivation.Ensure the growth time of replay crop, just need spring wheat to gather in the crops as early as possible, from economy and soil environment protection aspect, higher to the requirement of drip irrigation economize and fertilizer utilization efficiency.Therefore, a kind of spring wheat that can shift to an earlier date is gathered in the crops, and improve land utilization rate, the North SinKiang spring wheat planting method by trickle irrigation of increase yield is suggested.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the using method of liquid ground film in a kind of Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of drip irrigation spring wheat water nitrogen efficiency utilization implantation methods, make wheat harvest in advance by Fruit variety and sowing in ice crust, regulate irrigation fertilization to distribute period, utilize Water-nitrogen coupling effect, finally reach the efficiency utilization of water nitrogen and the raising of output.
Concrete grammar is as follows:
A, broadcast front preparation: soil is selected, and carries out autumn ploughing, broadcasts front ground levelling; When described soil is selected, before soil sowing, ammonia nitrogen content is 5.8 ~ 7.8mg/kg, and nitrate nitrogen content is 9.0 ~ 10.5mg/kg, and available phosphorus contents is 14 ~ 20mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 130 ~ 170mg/kg; Autumn ploughing carries out soil deep ploughing after a year previous crop is received, and deep placement base manure, 15 ~ 30% of amount of urea, 70 ~ 85% of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates apply as base manure, tilling depth 27 ~ 29cm; Ground levelling, carries out in advance during sowing ploughing leveling, reaches soil in small, broken bits, strengthens earth pack;
B, spring wheat variety are selected: select high-quality, high yield, the spring wheat variety that resistant to lodging, disease resistance is strong, breeding time is 95 ~ 110 days;
C, sowing: sowing in ice crust selected by spring wheat, when soil temperature stabilizes to 2 ~ 3 DEG C, the soil degree of depth of thawing reaches 5 ~ 7cm, by planting seed in wet soil layer, sowing depth 3.5 ~ 4.5cm, utilizes and melts snow-broth, adopt former moisture in the soil to emerge, the Supplement irrigation when soil moisture content is not enough, seeding quantity is 380 ~ 450kg/hm 2; Adopt the line-spacing plantations such as 15cm during sowing, drip irrigation selects pipe four row mode, irrigate band spacing 60cm, designed discharge of dripper 2.0 ~ 2.4L/h;
D, field management: irrigation fertilization field management is carried out to spring wheat;
Irrigation norm is 4300 ~ 4900m 3/ hm 2, urea is the amount of executing 500 ~ 700kg/hm always 2, be nitrogen fertilizer management that spring wheat is poured water each breeding time, pour water altogether 9 times.Emerge to tillering stage and pour water 2 times, each irrigating water quota is 430 ~ 470m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 2 times with water, is followed successively by 23 ~ 25kg/hm 2with 46 ~ 50kg/hm 2; Pour water jointing to booting stage 3 times, each irrigating water quota is 430 ~ 470m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 3 times, is 75 ~ 85kg/hm at every turn 2, pour water with the 2nd and the 3rd time, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 ~ 25kg/hm respectively 2; Heading is poured water 2 times to blooming stage, and irrigating water quota is 645 ~ 705m 3/ hm 2, Fertigation 2 times, executes urea at every turn and is 46 ~ 50kg/hm 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 10 ~ 25kg/hm 2; Grouting is to full ripening stage, and pour water 2 times, irrigating water quota is 645 ~ 705m successively 3/ hm 2with 215 ~ 235m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 2 times, applies 46 ~ 50kg/hm successively with pouring water 2with 23 ~ 25kg/hm 2, full ripening stage according to weather, for preventing affecting can suitably increase by the 215 ~ 235m that once pours water by dry-hot wind 3/ hm 2.
In described steps d, the urea being greater than 40% containing purity nitrogen selected by fertilizer urea used.
In described steps d, in fertilizer used, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is selected and is greater than 5% containing purity nitrogen, is greater than 50%, is greater than 15% containing potassium oxide containing phosphorus pentoxide.
In described steps d, following material preferably selected by fertilizer used: contain purity nitrogen 6% containing in purity nitrogen 46.4% and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in urea, phosphorus pentoxide 51.5%, potassium oxide 17%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt rational different install pattern and suitable irrigation program and fertilizing method, be convenient to apply in production practices, can operate strong, water saving is more effective, reduces the waste of nitrogenous fertilizer, promote the sustainable use of soil, spring wheat is shifted to an earlier date harvest time, replay crop is sowed as early as possible, ensured the growth time of replay crop, promote the development of North SinKiang condition of drip irrigation " bi-annual planting " cropping pattern, there is larger economic benefit.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has spring wheat results in advance, improves land utilization rate, the features such as increase yield.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of drip irrigation spring wheat water nitrogen efficiency utilization implantation methods, comprises the steps:
(1) prepare before sowing: choose loam, before sowing, ammonia nitrogen content is 6.87mg/kg, and nitrate nitrogen content is 9.88mg/kg, and available phosphorus contents is 16.63mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 140mg/kg; Deep ploughing base manure applies, 20% of nitrogen fertilizer amount, and 75% of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates, applies as base manure autumn ploughing is disposable; Shift to an earlier date 3 days during sowing and carry out ploughing leveling, reach soil in small, broken bits, strengthen earth pack.
(2) wheat breed " 6 days the new year " is selected, totally 99 days breeding time.Seeding quantity is 390kg/hm 2, sowing depth 3.5cm, adopts former moisture in the soil to emerge.The line-spacing plantations such as wheat 15cm, drip irrigation selects pipe four row mode, irrigate band spacing 60cm.Dropper band: external diameter 16mm, wall thickness 0.3mm, dripper spacing is 30cm; Water system is equiped with manometer monitoring pipeline internal water pressure with water pump capstan front portion, and a sluice valve opening and closing degree regulable control manifold pressure is to 0.06MPa, and now dripping end flow is at about 2.2L/h;
(3) irrigation norm is 4650m 3/ hm 2, the total consumption 480kg/hm of the urea that topdresses 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 85kg/hm 2, pour water altogether the time of infertility 9 times.Emerge to tillering stage and pour water 2 times, irrigating water quota is 465m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 2 times with water, is followed successively by 24kg/hm 2and 48kg/hm 2; Pour water jointing to booting stage 3 times, each irrigating water quota is 465m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 3 times, is 80kg/hm at every turn 2, pour water with the 2nd and the 3rd time, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 22.5kg/hm respectively 2; Heading is poured water 2 times to blooming stage, and irrigating water quota is 697.5m 3/ hm 2, apply fertilizer 2 times, execute urea and be 48kg/hm 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 12.5kg/hm 2; Grouting is to full ripening stage, and pour water 2 times, irrigating water quota is all 465m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 2 times, is 48kg/hm successively 2and 24kg/hm 2.
After measured, actual production is 6891.44kg/hm 2.
Embodiment 2: a kind of drip irrigation spring wheat water nitrogen efficiency utilization implantation methods, comprises the steps:
(1) prepare before sowing: choose loam, before sowing, ammonia nitrogen content is 6.85mg/kg, and nitrate nitrogen content is 9.14mg/kg, and available phosphorus contents is 15.83mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 201mg/kg; Deep ploughing base manure applies, 20% of nitrogen fertilizer amount, 75% of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates, and autumn ploughing is disposable to be applied; Shift to an earlier date 2 days during sowing and carry out ploughing leveling, reach soil in small, broken bits, strengthen earth pack.
(2) wheat breed " 6 days the new year " is selected, totally 102 days breeding time.Seeding quantity is 390kg/hm 2, sowing depth 3.5cm, adopts former moisture in the soil to emerge.The line-spacing plantations such as wheat 15cm, drip irrigation selects pipe four row mode, irrigate band spacing 60cm.Dropper band: external diameter 16mm, wall thickness 0.3mm, dripper spacing is 30cm; Water system is equiped with manometer monitoring pipeline internal water pressure with water pump capstan front portion, and a sluice valve opening and closing degree regulable control manifold pressure is to 0.06MPa, and now dripping end flow is at about 2.2L/h;
(3) irrigation norm is 4500m 3/ hm 2, the total consumption 480kg/hm of the urea that topdresses 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 85kg/hm 2, pour water altogether the time of infertility 9 times.Emerge to tillering stage and pour water 2 times, irrigating water quota is 450m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 2 times with water, is followed successively by 24kg/hm 2and 48kg/hm 2; Pour water jointing to booting stage 3 times, each irrigating water quota is 450m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 3 times, is 80kg/hm at every turn 2, pour water with the 2nd and the 3rd time, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 22.5kg/hm respectively 2; Heading is poured water 2 times to blooming stage, and irrigating water quota is 670m 3/ hm 2, apply fertilizer 2 times, execute urea and be 48kg/hm 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 12.5kg/hm 2; Grouting is to full ripening stage, and pour water 2 times, irrigating water quota is all 450m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 2 times, is 48kg/hm successively 2and 24kg/hm 2.
After measured, actual production is 6456kg/hm 2.

Claims (3)

1. the using method of liquid ground film in Stage of Cotton Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation, comprises the steps:
A, broadcast front preparation: soil is selected, and carries out autumn ploughing, broadcasts front ground levelling; When described soil is selected, before soil sowing, ammonia nitrogen content is 5.8 ~ 7.8mg/kg, and nitrate nitrogen content is 9.0 ~ 10.5mg/kg, and available phosphorus contents is 14 ~ 20mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 130 ~ 170mg/kg; Autumn ploughing carries out soil deep ploughing after a year previous crop is received, and deep placement base manure, 15 ~ 30% of amount of urea, 70 ~ 85% of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates apply as base manure, tilling depth 27 ~ 29cm; Ground levelling, carries out in advance during sowing ploughing leveling, reaches soil in small, broken bits, strengthens earth pack;
B, spring wheat variety are selected: select high-quality, high yield, the spring wheat variety that resistant to lodging, disease resistance is strong, breeding time is 95 ~ 110 days;
C, sowing: sowing in ice crust selected by spring wheat, when soil temperature stabilizes to 2 ~ 3 DEG C, the soil degree of depth of thawing reaches 5 ~ 7cm, by planting seed in wet soil layer, sowing depth 3.5 ~ 4.5cm, utilizes and melts snow-broth, adopt former moisture in the soil to emerge, the Supplement irrigation when soil moisture content is not enough, seeding quantity is 380 ~ 450kg/hm 2; Adopt the line-spacing plantations such as 15cm during sowing, drip irrigation selects pipe four row mode, irrigate band spacing 60cm, designed discharge of dripper 2.0 ~ 2.4L/h;
D, field management: irrigation fertilization field management is carried out to spring wheat;
Irrigation norm is 4300 ~ 4900m 3/ hm 2, urea is the amount of executing 500 ~ 700kg/hm always 2, be nitrogen fertilizer management that spring wheat is poured water each breeding time, pour water altogether 9 times.Emerge to tillering stage and pour water 2 times, each irrigating water quota is 430 ~ 470m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 2 times with water, is followed successively by 23 ~ 25kg/hm 2with 46 ~ 50kg/hm 2; Pour water jointing to booting stage 3 times, each irrigating water quota is 430 ~ 470m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 3 times, is 75 ~ 85kg/hm at every turn 2, pour water with the 2nd and the 3rd time, apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 ~ 25kg/hm respectively 2; Heading is poured water 2 times to blooming stage, and irrigating water quota is 645 ~ 705m 3/ hm 2, Fertigation 2 times, executes urea at every turn and is 46 ~ 50kg/hm 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 10 ~ 25kg/hm 2; Grouting is to full ripening stage, and pour water 2 times, irrigating water quota is 645 ~ 705m successively 3/ hm 2with 215 ~ 235m 3/ hm 2, urea applies 2 times, applies 46 ~ 50kg/hm successively with pouring water 2with 23 ~ 25kg/hm 2, full ripening stage according to weather, for preventing affecting can suitably increase by the 215 ~ 235m that once pours water by dry-hot wind 3/ hm 2.
2. North SinKiang according to claim 1 spring wheat planting method by trickle irrigation, is characterized in that: in described steps d, the urea being greater than 40% containing purity nitrogen selected by fertilizer urea used.
3. North SinKiang according to claim 1 and 2 spring wheat planting method by trickle irrigation, in described steps d, in fertilizer used, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is selected and is greater than 5% containing purity nitrogen, is greater than 50%, is greater than 15% containing potassium oxide containing phosphorus pentoxide.
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CN105993513A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-10-12 太仓市绿苗农场专业合作社 High-yield planting method for wheat
CN106508228A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-03-22 中国科学院植物研究所 Special fertilizer for grassland and method for rapidly recovering deteriorated grassland
CN107231932A (en) * 2017-07-14 2017-10-10 青岛农业大学 Wheat stubble summer corn drip irrigation liquid manure integrated cultivation method under the conditions of no-tillage and direct-seeding
CN110741887A (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-02-04 新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所 High-yield planting method for spring wheat original seeds
CN112931128A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 新疆标谱检测工程技术有限公司 Drip irrigation film-covered cotton cultivation method
CN115486349A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-12-20 北京国垦节水科技有限公司 Wide-narrow row large-flow drip irrigation planting technology for wheat planting

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105993513A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-10-12 太仓市绿苗农场专业合作社 High-yield planting method for wheat
CN106508228A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-03-22 中国科学院植物研究所 Special fertilizer for grassland and method for rapidly recovering deteriorated grassland
CN107231932A (en) * 2017-07-14 2017-10-10 青岛农业大学 Wheat stubble summer corn drip irrigation liquid manure integrated cultivation method under the conditions of no-tillage and direct-seeding
CN110741887A (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-02-04 新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所 High-yield planting method for spring wheat original seeds
CN112931128A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 新疆标谱检测工程技术有限公司 Drip irrigation film-covered cotton cultivation method
CN112931128B (en) * 2021-01-29 2023-09-01 新疆标谱检测工程技术有限公司 Cultivation method of drip irrigation film-covered cotton
CN115486349A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-12-20 北京国垦节水科技有限公司 Wide-narrow row large-flow drip irrigation planting technology for wheat planting

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