CN105052657A - Method for cutting twigs of fast-growing elms in greenhouses - Google Patents
Method for cutting twigs of fast-growing elms in greenhouses Download PDFInfo
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- CN105052657A CN105052657A CN201510472411.5A CN201510472411A CN105052657A CN 105052657 A CN105052657 A CN 105052657A CN 201510472411 A CN201510472411 A CN 201510472411A CN 105052657 A CN105052657 A CN 105052657A
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- cuttage
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cutting twigs of fast-growing elms in greenhouses. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing a cutting pond; making cutting slips; treating the cutting slips by using medicaments; cutting the cutting slips; and the step of managing the greenhouses after the twigs are cut, which specifically comprises the steps of shading, spraying water in the greenhouses, controlling temperature, preventing and treating diseases and insect pests, and transplanting seedlings. When the method disclosed by the invention is used for cutting the cutting slips, more than 90% of the survival rate of the fast-growing elms can be reached, the rooting rate can also reach more than 90%, the mortality rate of the fast-growing elms is only less than 10%, and propagating the fast-growing elms in a wide range can be effectively realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tree cuttage propagation technique, the method for the in particular spray booth cuttage of a kind of fast-growing elm.
Background technology
Fast-growing elm is deciduous tree, up to 25m, and diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 1m.Tree crown spheroidal.Sprig is without hair or hairiness, and yellowish grey, light brown grey or grey, rare light brown is yellow or yellow, has scattered hole skin, the cork wing of the cork layer that nothing is expanded and projection.Avette or the ellipticity lanceolar of elliptic leaf shape, tip point or gradually point, base portion wedge shape, on one side near circle, the irregular heavy sawtooth of leaf margin or monodentate, without hair or arteries and veins internal organs is micro-the pubescence that clusters, the old food value of leaf thicker.Flowers are raw.Samara subcircular, yellow-white time ripe, without hair.Spend first leaf opening in 3 ~ April; Really ripe 4 ~ June.
The feature of fast-growing elm is:
1, fast growth.The annual seedling growth height of common American elm only about 1.5 meters, and fast-growing elm cuttage seeding annual growth height can reach about 3.5 meters.Planting Fast-growing elm fast-growing andhigh-yeilding trees, year breast diameter growth amount can reach more than 3.5 centimetres, 6 years raw diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground average out to 22 centimetres, reach as high as 29 centimetres.
2, Salt And Alkali Tolerance.The arbor species of the most Salt And Alkali Tolerance of general coastal region are Chinese wax, and Salt And Alkali Tolerance can reach 4.5 ‰, and fast-growing elm Salt And Alkali Tolerance reaches 5 ~ 6 ‰, P in soil H value 8 ~ 9.
3, resistance.Common American elm, because damage by disease and insect is many, growth slow, be eliminated year by year, and fast-growing elm is screened through Resistant, has stronger resistance to damage by disease and insect.There is the good characteristics such as drought-enduring, cold-resistant, barren-resistant in addition.
4, applied widely.Can extensively plant in areas such as China northeast, North China, northwest, East China, Central China, southwest.
5, afforestation purposes is many.Due to its fast-growing, anti-saline and alkaline, resistance, tree-like good, coast protection forest engineering can be widely used in, strategic base stocked by timber, the afforestation project such as the Yellow River shelter-forest project, Plain afforestation project, city trees and shrubs engineering uses.
6, material is good.The advantages such as timber heavily fortified point is heavy, and hardness is moderate, and mechanical strength is high, glossy, tool decorative pattern, has toughness strong, turns around functional, wear-resisting, corrosion resistant are the first-class excellent material of shipbuilding, building, interior decoration floor, furniture.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide the method for the spray booth cuttage of a kind of fast-growing elm, realize the fast-growing elm breeding of simple possible.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: the present invention includes following steps:
(1) preparation in cuttage pond
In booth, make cuttage pond, after bottom is smooth, spread river sand as cutting medium;
(2) cuttings makes
In 5 ~ October, select seedling or 1 ~ 2 age elite stand base portion side secateurs then to get the branch of semi-lignified, select the branch of taper or the band side tip to do cuttings;
(3) chemicals treatment
To cut after cuttings carbendazim 800 times of liquids be bundled into immediately with 50% after bundle soak 1 ~ 5 minute, the ABT root-growing agent putting into 300PPM soaks 3 ~ 8 minutes, or soaks 8 ~ 15 minutes in the methyl α-naphthyl acetate NAA root-growing agent of 300PPM;
(4) cuttage
The KMnO that mass concentration is 0.1% will be sprayed in cuttage pond
4insert cuttings after solution, the cuttage degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, and cuttage spacing is 4 ~ 6cm;
(5) the booth management after cuttage
(51) shading
The booth of cuttage covers the sunshade net that one deck light transmittance is 60 ~ 80%, and before 3rd ~ 4 days 10 AMs of cuttage and remove sunshade net after 5 PM, period keeps 3000 ~ 5000LX intensity of illumination, and cuttage, after 5 days, all removes sunshade net;
(52) spray water
Atomizing spray, before taking root, fine day 2 ~ 3 minutes intervals, sprayed water for 5 seconds, and cloudy day and rainy day, the time interval will extend to 10 ~ 20 minutes, kept the humidity of in canopy about 90%; After taking root, 4 ~ 6 minutes, fine day water spraying time interval, cloudy day and rainy day water spraying time interval 20 ~ 40 minutes, keep the humidity of in canopy about 80%;
(53) temperature control
Sha Chi temperature of taking root is about 22 ~ 28 DEG C, lower than 15 DEG C or higher than 30 DEG C, carries out heating or lowering the temperature;
(54) prevention and elimination of disease and pests
Spray weekly carbendazim 1000 times of liquids of one time 50%, controlling disease;
(55) transplant
Cuttage, after one month, when root system colour-darkening is brown, is transplanted, is scooped up gently during transplanting with scuppit, bring the grains of sand of root, plant in nutrition cup; Nutrition Soil composition in nutrition cup is yellow soil, mushroom residue, river sand, the fertilizer of by volume ratio 4:4:1:1 mixing, seedling after transplanting will shelter from heat or light 4 ~ 5 days, keeps the humidity of 90%, then removes sunshade net, keep 70 ~ 80% humidity, transplant and can go out canopy in latter one month.
In described step (1), spread the thick blinding of one deck 4 ~ 5cm in the bottom in cuttage pond, the thick clean river sand of 10 ~ 15cm on uniform spreading above blinding, install spray system in cuttage pond, in spray system, the spacing of adjacent shower nozzle is 80cm.
In described step (4), make the wide nail-plate of 50cm before cuttage, on nail-plate, nail and the spacing 4 ~ 6cm of nail, use nail-plate concora crush on Sha Chi, form the cutting hole of standard, clutch after inserting cuttings from cuttings base portion.
In described step (2), the branch thick of cuttings is 0.15 ~ 0.3cm, and length 12 ~ 15cm, upper cut cuts flat, and lower cut is cut into angle.
In described step (52), water spraying time is from 7:00 to 18:30, and night does not spray water.
In described step (53), heat by adding a cover small arched shed realization; Cooling is ventilated by booth, or adds waterwall realization cooling.
In described step (54), have when worm and spray Imidacloprid, cypermethrin in time.
The present invention selects river sand as matrix, economical and practical, can meet again the condition of cuttage, water conservation, ventilation.Select the branch cutting of taper or the band side tip, survival rate is high, configures suitable root-promoting hormone simultaneously, modulation optimal concentration and optimal processing time, guarantees to take root smoothly.
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology: use the present invention to carry out cuttage, the survival rate of fast-growing elm more than 90% can be reached, rooting rate also can reach more than 90%, and fast-growing elm lethality is only less than 10%, effectively achieves the breeding on a large scale of fast-growing elm.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
The specific implementation process of the present embodiment is:
Comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation in cuttage pond
In booth, make cuttage pond, after bottom is smooth, spread the thick blinding of one deck 4 ~ 5cm in the bottom in cuttage pond, the thick clean river sand of 10 ~ 15cm on uniform spreading above blinding, install spray system in cuttage pond, in spray system, the spacing of adjacent shower nozzle is 80cm; Select river sand to do matrix, moisturizing, ventilation can be guaranteed, can not rotten, cost is low simultaneously, conveniently selects.
(2) cuttings makes
In 5 ~ October, select seedling or 1 ~ 2 age elite stand base portion side secateurs then to get the branch of semi-lignified, select the branch of taper or the band side tip to do cuttings; The branch thick of cuttings is 0.15 ~ 0.3cm, and length 12 ~ 15cm, upper cut cuts flat, and lower cut is cut into angle.
(3) chemicals treatment
Cuttings will be cut and be bundled into bundle, often bundle has about 100, then immediately with 50% carbendazim 800 times of liquids soak 2 minutes after, put into 300PPM ABT root-growing agent soak 5 minutes, or in the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 300PPM (NAA) root-growing agent soak 10 minutes;
In the present embodiment, the concentration of ABT root-inducing powder and methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) is from 100 ~ 1000PPM, and soak time is tested successively from 3 seconds by 12 hours, determines optimum realization condition.
(4) cuttage
Make the wide nail-plate of 50cm before cuttage, on nail-plate, nail and the spacing 5cm of nail, use nail-plate concora crush on Sha Chi, form the cutting hole of standard, will spray the KMnO that mass concentration is 0.1% in cuttage pond
4insert cuttings after solution, the cuttage degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, and cuttage spacing is 5cm; Clutch from cuttings base portion after inserting cuttings.
Spray KMnO
4solution is used for sterilizing, simple and easy to get.Adopt nail-plate to make marks at Sha Chishang simultaneously, manually-operated uncertain factor can be reduced as much as possible, guarantee that the distance of cuttage is controlled.
(5) the booth management after cuttage
(51) shading
The booth of cuttage covers the sunshade net that one deck light transmittance is 70%, and before 3rd ~ 4 days 10 AMs of cuttage and remove sunshade net after 5 PM, period keeps 3000 ~ 5000LX intensity of illumination, and cuttage, after 5 days, all removes sunshade net;
(52) spray water
Adopt electronic valve automatic atomising water spray, before taking root, fine day 2 ~ 3 minutes intervals, sprayed water for 5 seconds, and cloudy day and rainy day, the time interval will extend to 10 ~ 20 minutes, kept the humidity of in canopy about 90%; After taking root, 4 ~ 6 minutes, fine day water spraying time interval, cloudy day and rainy day water spraying time interval 20 ~ 40 minutes, keep the humidity of in canopy about 80%; Water spraying time is from 7:00 to 18:30, and night does not spray water.
(53) temperature control
Sha Chi temperature of taking root is about 22 ~ 28 DEG C, lower than 15 DEG C or higher than 30 DEG C, carries out heating or lowering the temperature; Heat by adding a cover small arched shed realization; Cooling is ventilated by booth, or adds waterwall realization cooling.
(54) prevention and elimination of disease and pests
Spray weekly carbendazim 1000 times of liquids of one time 50%, controlling disease; Have when worm and spray Imidacloprid, cypermethrin in time.
(55) transplant
Cuttage, after one month, when root system colour-darkening is brown, is transplanted, is scooped up gently during transplanting with scuppit, bring the grains of sand of root, plant in nutrition cup; Nutrition Soil composition in nutrition cup is yellow soil, mushroom residue, river sand, the fertilizer of by volume ratio 4:4:1:1 mixing, seedling after transplanting will shelter from heat or light 4 ~ 5 days, keeps the humidity of 90%, then removes sunshade net, keep 70 ~ 80% humidity, transplant and can go out canopy in latter one month.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a method for the spray booth cuttage of fast-growing elm, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation in cuttage pond
In booth, make cuttage pond, after bottom is smooth, spread river sand as cutting medium;
(2) cuttings makes
In 5 ~ October, select seedling or 1 ~ 2 age elite stand base portion side secateurs then to get the branch of semi-lignified, select the branch of taper or the band side tip to do cuttings;
(3) chemicals treatment
To cut after cuttings carbendazim 800 times of liquids be bundled into immediately with 50% after bundle soak 1 ~ 5 minute, the ABT root-growing agent putting into 300PPM soaks 3 ~ 8 minutes, or soaks 8 ~ 15 minutes in the methyl α-naphthyl acetate NAA root-growing agent of 300PPM;
(4) cuttage
The KMnO that mass concentration is 0.1% will be sprayed in cuttage pond
4insert cuttings after solution, the cuttage degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, and cuttage spacing is 4 ~ 6cm;
(5) the booth management after cuttage
(51) shading
The booth of cuttage covers the sunshade net that one deck light transmittance is 60 ~ 80%, and before 3rd ~ 4 days 10 AMs of cuttage and remove sunshade net after 5 PM, period keeps 3000 ~ 5000LX intensity of illumination, and cuttage, after 5 days, all removes sunshade net;
(52) spray water
Atomizing spray, before taking root, fine day 2 ~ 3 minutes intervals, sprayed water for 5 seconds, and cloudy day and rainy day, the time interval will extend to 10 ~ 20 minutes, kept the humidity of in canopy about 90%; After taking root, 4 ~ 6 minutes, fine day water spraying time interval, cloudy day and rainy day water spraying time interval 20 ~ 40 minutes, keep the humidity of in canopy about 80%;
(53) temperature control
Sha Chi temperature of taking root is about 22 ~ 28 DEG C, lower than 15 DEG C or higher than 30 DEG C, carries out heating or lowering the temperature;
(54) prevention and elimination of disease and pests
Spray weekly carbendazim 1000 times of liquids of one time 50%, controlling disease;
(55) transplant
Cuttage, after one month, when root system colour-darkening is brown, is transplanted, is scooped up gently during transplanting with scuppit, bring the grains of sand of root, plant in nutrition cup; Nutrition Soil composition in nutrition cup is yellow soil, mushroom residue, river sand, the fertilizer of by volume ratio 4:4:1:1 mixing, seedling after transplanting will shelter from heat or light 4 ~ 5 days, keeps the humidity of 90%, then removes sunshade net, keep 70 ~ 80% humidity, transplant and can go out canopy in latter one month.
2. the method for the spray booth cuttage of a kind of fast-growing elm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), the thick blinding of one deck 4 ~ 5cm is spread in the bottom in cuttage pond, the thick clean river sand of 10 ~ 15cm on uniform spreading above blinding, install spray system in cuttage pond, in spray system, the spacing of adjacent shower nozzle is 80cm.
3. the method for the spray booth cuttage of a kind of fast-growing elm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (4), the wide nail-plate of 50cm is made before cuttage, spacing 4 ~ the 6cm of nail and nail on nail-plate, use nail-plate concora crush on Sha Chi, form the cutting hole of standard, clutch from cuttings base portion after inserting cuttings.
4. the method for the spray booth cuttage of a kind of fast-growing elm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), the branch thick of cuttings is 0.15 ~ 0.3cm, and length 12 ~ 15cm, upper cut cuts flat, and lower cut is cut into angle.
5. the method for the spray booth cuttage of a kind of fast-growing elm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (52), water spraying time is from 7:00 to 18:30, and night does not spray water.
6. the method for the spray booth cuttage of a kind of fast-growing elm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (53), heats by adding a cover small arched shed realization; Cooling is ventilated by booth, or adds waterwall realization cooling.
7. the method for the spray booth cuttage of a kind of fast-growing elm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (54), has when worm and sprays Imidacloprid, cypermethrin in time.
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Cited By (5)
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CN106376390A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-08 | 泗县美丽园艺农民专业合作社 | Method of root cuttage of fast-growing locust trees in greenhouse |
CN106386099A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 安徽森苗园艺科技有限公司 | Greenhouse twig cutting method for fast-growing Catalpa |
CN107548994A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-09 | 安徽森苗园艺科技有限公司 | A kind of stiff wood greenhouse cottage method of fast-growing Chinese tallow tree |
CN109220452A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of ulmus elongata shoot cutting container nursery |
CN112492993A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-16 | 泗县美丽园艺农民专业合作社 | Method for hard branch greenhouse cuttage of elms with straight rods |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106376390A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-08 | 泗县美丽园艺农民专业合作社 | Method of root cuttage of fast-growing locust trees in greenhouse |
CN106386099A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 安徽森苗园艺科技有限公司 | Greenhouse twig cutting method for fast-growing Catalpa |
CN107548994A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-09 | 安徽森苗园艺科技有限公司 | A kind of stiff wood greenhouse cottage method of fast-growing Chinese tallow tree |
CN109220452A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of ulmus elongata shoot cutting container nursery |
CN112492993A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-16 | 泗县美丽园艺农民专业合作社 | Method for hard branch greenhouse cuttage of elms with straight rods |
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