CN104255312A

CN104255312A - Zygocactus trurncatus grafting method

Info

Publication number: CN104255312A
Application number: CN201410523779.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张文艳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-10-08
Filing date: 2014-10-08
Publication date: 2015-01-07

Abstract

Disclosed is a zygocactus trurncatus grafting method. The method includes the steps: firstly, selecting a cactus, a ball cactus or cereus as a graft rootstock; secondly, for grafting time, performing grafting under stable air temperature conditions at the temperature of 10-30 DEG C; for scion clipping, selecting a zygocactus trurncatus stock plant which is dark green, robust and free of diseases and pests; fourthly, sterilizing a support plant, parasitic branches and various tools; fifthly, for grafting operation, using a stainless steel knife for sectioning; sixthly, using 200-300PPM of naphthalene acetic acid plant hormone for promoting healing of plant cuts; seventhly, for management after grafting, requiring for wind shield, shade and coolness to prevent exposure to strong light, requiring for rain shelter and waterlogging prevention to prevent rainwater or irrigated water from wetting the graft union to cause rot, controlling watering and applying fertilizer carefully; eighthly, spraying sterilized solution or foliage fertilizer onto the plant after artificial asexual reproduction on time to help the plant to cross the cut healing stage. By the method for grafting the zygocactus trurncatus, attractive appearance is benefited, reproduction is quicker, and grafting success rate is high.

Description

The grafting method of schlumbergera

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is the artificial fecundation method of ornamental plants schlumbergera, belongs to technical field of agriculture science.

Background technology

Schlumbergera is the high plant of a kind of ornamental value, zygocactus trurncatus, and Cactaceae, crab claw belong to, pattern is beautiful, plant is often in catenary, and peak green, newly goes out stipes redly, stem circle, easy lignification, branch is many, in nodular, thorn seat there is seta, spends and be born on the thorn seat of stipes top.Plant is often in catenary, and peak green, newly goes out stipes redly, stem circle, easy lignification, and branch is many, in nodular, thorn seat has seta, spends to be born on the thorn seat of stipes top.Common cultivar has bright red, pink, apricot yellow and pure white.Because pitch diameter connects shape as the secondary pawl of crab, therefore named schlumbergera.To bloom just when " Christmas Day " because of it therefore to be referred to as again " Indian fig on Christmas " believing in Christian western countries.The optimum temperature of schlumbergera is 15 DEG C-25 DEG C, and summer, plant was just in dormancy or semidormancy state more than 28 DEG C, and winter, room temperature was advisable with 15 DEG C-18 DEG C, and temperature, lower than 15 DEG C, namely has the possibility of bud drop.Before crab melon orchid blooms, nocturnal temperature should remain on 10-13 DEG C.For ensureing that it is normally bloomed, to be placed on outdoor as well before early autumn to frost, daytime wants controlled light.At flower_bud formation first about 1 month, every day only needed 8-9 h light.After flower_bud formation, the temperature in evening can be elevated to 16-2l DEG C, and day temperature is 21 DEG C-or slightly high.When blooming, the place that cools that temperature is 12 1 15 DEG C should be placed on, be kind of blooming period prolonging, and now frequently not move basin strain, in order to avoid cause fallen flowers, bud drop.Winter should enter the room, and is placed on area without shade, and temperature keeps more than 5 DEG C, otherwise is subject to freeze injury.

The breeding of schlumbergera: schlumbergera is generally with cuttage and propagation by grafiting.Cuttage, the whole year all can carry out, and is advisable with spring, autumn.As proper temperature, winter also can carry out, but must add plastic film insulation.The plump abnormal stem 1-2 of clip saves, and be placed on by the pawl sheared off and ventilate to one to two day, insert in afterwards in the casting bed (river sand) after sterilization, plugging soil temperature can not be large, within 3 weeks, takes root after inserting.Because the time of cottage propagation is oversize, and also there is certain success rate, therefore generally take propagation by grafiting as well.

Summary of the invention

in order to improve breeding success rate and the speed of schlumbergera, my invention's grafting method of schlumbergera, by schlumbergera grafting on Indian fig, grafting speed is fast, success rate large, growth appreciation effect is good.

The grafting method of schlumbergera is undertaken by step below: one, selects schlumbergera graft stock, can adopt Indian fig, a kind of cactus with globular or elliptic stems, amount Tianzhu etc.; Two, grafting time, all can grafting under the stable temperature condition of 10-30 DEG C; Three, scion clip, select dark green healthy and strong, without the schlumbergera maternal plant of damage by disease and insect, cut top 2 ~ 4 joint annual branch and do scion; Four, to sterilizing be carried out to support plant and parasitic branch and various instrument; Five, grafting operation, first cut stock top with stainless steel knife, along flat direction center rip cutting 2 cm, with scion with wide notch, then scion base portion two sides is splayed into the duck ligulate bevel of 1.5 cm, insert in stock otch, be seated with anti-skidding; Six, utilize the naa plant hormone of 200-300PPM to promote the healing of plant cutting wound; Seven, managing after grafting, wind sheltering, cool place, prevents high light to be exposed to the sun, and anti-accumulated water of taking shelter from rain prevents from rainwater or waters drenching interface, causes rotten, control to water, and maintenance basin soil is moistening is advisable, and prevents rotten of accumulated water, carefully applies fertilizer, in order to avoid fertilizer touches wound; Eight, sterilized solution is sprayed and foliage fertilizer two tides over the wound healing phase to the plant timing after artificial asexual multiplication.

schlumbergeragrafting, should select cold-resistant and the Indian fig of robust growth makes stock, stock hylocereus or Damnacamthus indicus, and wherein the black large schlumbergera stinging Indian fig grafting that is raw with 1-2, tall and big plumpness grows comparatively healthy and vigorous.Carry out best in the 5-6 month and the 9-10 month.Scion choosing is healthy and strong, plump abnormal stem two saves, and lower end is whittled into duckbill, and by interlocking method, every strain stock can connect 3 scion.Put shady and cool place after grafting, if connect scion in latter 10 days still keep fresh tall and straight, namely having healed survives.Generally can 3-4 scion of grafting simultaneously on the Indian fig of high more than 20 centimetres.1, top, about 5 centimeters each 1 below.The kind that the florescence is close, pattern is different can be selected respectively to connect l sheet, and the kind (or Schlumbergera bridgesii) that also the optional florescence is apart from each other respectively connects 1.

Shoot after breeding, on the occasion of summer, should put the maintenance of ventilating cool place, temperature is too high, air oxygen detrition, and stipes growth is poor, stipes atrophy occurs sometimes dead.Vegetative period, every first quarter moon applied fertilizer 1 time, watered a water per January, irrigate.If environment is drier, can with watering can, cauline leaf be soaked every morning.Fertilizer In Autumn 1-2 phosphorus potash fertilizer.Grafting shoot then, 20-30 piece of blooming, cultivate 2-3, a strain can be bloomed up to a hundred.

Compost is good with sandy loam.Preferably mountain mud, humus soil, vegetable garden soil equivalent mix (or add river sand 10%), and admix fertilizer, bone meal or the superphosphate etc. that fermented in right amount and make base manure, also can mix a small amount of ash, make pH value be neutral.During upper basin, the crock of first high 1/5-1/4 on basin heelpiece or cut into the duroplasts foam of 1 one 2 cubic centimetres, then filling out people's compost .

Schlumbergera has twice prosperous long-term and twice semidormancy phase every year, must according to this growth rhythm watering, fertilizing.Spring, it is for a long time prosperous that schlumbergera enters first time when temperature is raised to about 19 degree.Water will from first quarter moon, within one week, be progressively transitioned into 3-5 days once, basin scholar with see dry see wet and slightly wet as well.About the 10 days Quan Su composite fertilizers of Shi Yici based on nitrogen simultaneously, thin fertile duty is executed.Midsummer, plant was semidormancy state when temperature reaches more than 30 degree.Stop fertilizer, water less, basin soil see dry see wet, based on partially dry.Enter autumn second for a long time prosperous.This phase, water can be slightly more based on reproductive growth, and basin soil is shown in and dryly sees wet, is advisable with slightly wet.But early and middle ten days should be partially more dry, in order to pregnant flower bud October.Still slightly to wet after buddingging.Before spending from the beginning of autumn to Sheng, can be main Quan Su composite fertilizer by speaking of the dense phosphorus that imposes, about 10 days once.Also to foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, large flower and brilliant color can be impelled after buddingging.Winter, full-bloom stage stopped fertilizer, and water also should water less.Execute the liquid fertilizer once based on nitrogen after spending, supplement the consumption at florescence.After this period of time does not refertilize, water 10 days first quarter moons once, based on dry.In addition, because schlumbergera happiness is moistening, no matter be growth busy season or semidormancy phase, all want often to spray water to cauline leaf.Suggestion uses spraying kettle, the water yield with stem face slightly wet and not to dirty be good.Further, first growth the busy season, also can add toward water in 0.2% urea and 1% vinegar mix spray, once in a week.Then add the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2% and the vinegar of 1% autumn.Because happiness half is shady, therefore different putting positions must be selected in Various Seasonal.

the beneficial effect of schlumbergera grafting method is:adopt grafting potted plant schlumbergera, favourable handsome in appearance, breeding is quicker, adopt Indian fig to make stock, grafting success rate is large.

Embodiment

schlumbergera grafting method is mainly implemented to carry out by step below.

One, grafting time: schlumbergera, all can grafting under the temperature condition of 10-30 DEG C except severe cold and heat season.Temperature is too high, and scion mouth and otch are easily withered or rotten; Temperature is too low, and be difficult to healing, survival rate is low.Concrete grafting period is advisable with the warm fine day about Clear and Bright to grain rains, Cold Dew to the Beginning of Winter.

two,root-stock selection and process: schlumbergera graft stock, can adopt Indian fig, a kind of cactus with globular or elliptic stems, amount Tianzhu etc.Cut from maternal plant that dark green stalwartness, long strip type, meat are full, the branch of length more than 10 centimetres, put and shine 3-4 days in the sun, after base portion otch is slightly dry, inserts in the sand that wets and urge root, above potted plantly after root of hair to plant, survive rear grafting.Or cultivate grafting in seedbed, then transplant upper basin.

Scion clip: select dark green healthy and strong, without the schlumbergera maternal plant of damage by disease and insect, cut top 2 ~ 4 joint annual branch and do scion.To prune bottom 1/4-1/3 with blade, expose white wooden portion, two sides is cut unanimously, makes its wedgewise.When cutting, preferably a cutter is whittled into, and does not repeat to cut.

Method of operating: first cut stock top with stainless steel knife, along flat direction center rip cutting 2 cm, with scion with wide notch, then scion base portion two sides is splayed into the duck ligulate bevel of 1.5 cm, insert in stock otch, be seated with anti-skidding.As stock is higher, also can in the multiple scion of side grafting at a certain distance of cane different azimuth.

five, managing after grafting: wind sheltering, cool place, prevent high light to be exposed to the sun, anti-accumulated water of taking shelter from rain, prevent from rainwater or water drenching interface, cause rotten, control to water, maintenance basin soil is moistening is advisable, prevent rotten of accumulated water, fertilising wants accurate, restraining fertilising before grafting survival, survives rear low concentration, the night soil become thoroughly decomposed and oil cake fertilizer, composite fertilizer waters and execute, fertilising is not directly watered on plant, in order to avoid rotten stem.

six, sterilized solution and foliage fertilizer fortnight are spilt to the parasitic branch Ding Qiye after artificial asexual multiplication.The sterilized solution used is recommended to spray the borax solution of 0.6% or the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution of 0.3.Blade face recommends to spray EF plant growth promoter or 702 stout and strong elements.

Claims

1. the grafting method of schlumbergera, is characterized in that being undertaken by step below: one, selects schlumbergera graft stock, can adopt Indian fig, a kind of cactus with globular or elliptic stems, amount Tianzhu etc.; Two, grafting time, all can grafting under the stable temperature condition of 10-30 DEG C; Three, scion clip, select dark green healthy and strong, without the schlumbergera maternal plant of damage by disease and insect, cut top 2 ~ 4 joint annual branch and do scion; Four, to sterilizing be carried out to support plant and parasitic branch and various instrument; Five, grafting operation, first cut stock top with stainless steel knife, along flat direction center rip cutting 2 cm, with scion with wide notch, then scion base portion two sides is splayed into the duck ligulate bevel of 1.5 cm, insert in stock otch, be seated with anti-skidding; Six, utilize the naa plant hormone of 200-300PPM to promote the healing of plant cutting wound; Seven, managing after grafting, wind sheltering, cool place, prevents high light to be exposed to the sun, and anti-accumulated water of taking shelter from rain prevents from rainwater or waters drenching interface, causes rotten, control to water, and maintenance basin soil is moistening is advisable, and prevents rotten of accumulated water, carefully applies fertilizer, in order to avoid fertilizer touches wound; Eight, sterilized solution is sprayed and foliage fertilizer two tides over the wound healing phase to the plant timing after artificial asexual multiplication.