CN105052474A - A drip irrigation planting method for potatoes intercropped cottons - Google Patents
A drip irrigation planting method for potatoes intercropped cottons Download PDFInfo
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- CN105052474A CN105052474A CN201510467964.1A CN201510467964A CN105052474A CN 105052474 A CN105052474 A CN 105052474A CN 201510467964 A CN201510467964 A CN 201510467964A CN 105052474 A CN105052474 A CN 105052474A
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- drip irrigation
- potato
- cotton
- interplanting
- potatoes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a drip irrigation planting method for potatoes intercropped cottons. The method is characterized in that potatoes are planted when 10 cm ground temperature is stable between 7 DEG C and 8 DEG C or in the middle or late March; interplanting the cottons between rows of the potatoes in early or middle April; and arranging drip irrigation equipment between the rows of the potatoes, and not arranging drip irrigation equipment between the rows of the cottons. The beneficial effects of the method is that negative influence of flood irrigation on the growth of the cottons in the symbiotic stage of the cottons and the potatoes is prevented; and compared with a common flood irrigation method, the drip irrigation method reduces 25-45 m<3> irrigation amount per mu, commodity potato rate of the potatoes and water utilization efficiency are improved, and meanwhile, output per unit field area is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural water-saving irrigation field, be specifically related to the implantation methods of the water-saving irrigation that a kind of interplanting potato grows cotton.
Background technology
In North China, cotton has plants basis widely, and be the Important Economic crop being only second to wheat and maize, cultivated area and output all occupy the leading place in the whole country.For improving the economic benefit of cotton planting, cotton grower generally adopts the cropping pattern of cotton and other Intercroppings, the interplanting of potato and cotton is the interplanting mode that the North China Plain is commonly used, due to North China Plain water scarcity, potato is again the crop needing water more, particularly at tuber initiation stage and expanding stage, responsive especially to the demand of moisture, its water total amount also increases to some extent, exacerbates the Tight-binding method of water resource.
Drip irrigation technique has localized irrigation, consumption is few, water use efficiency is high feature, by Controlled irrigation amount, the moisture condition of soil residing for crop root is kept under the optimal condition, both plant growth was conducive to, can soil nutrient be kept again, also slow down while realizing potato saving irrigation model between crop and use water contradiction.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is economic benefit in order to improve cotton planting and alleviate the problem that Water Resource In North China lacks, combining with irrigation technique in a kind of new relay interplanting planting mode solves interplanting potato and grows cotton and need water problems in planting patterns.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the drip irrigation implantation methods that a kind of interplanting potato grows cotton, plantation potato is carried out when 10cm ground temperature is stabilized in 7-8 DEG C or early March or the middle ten days, the first tenday period of a month in April or the middle ten days grow cotton at the cover that in the ranks carries out of potato, drip irrigation facility is laid on potato in the ranks, and cotton does not lay drip irrigation facility in the ranks.
Further, in planting area, 150cm is a growth belt, and the line-spacing between potato is 40cm, and the line-spacing between cotton is 40cm.
Further, potato adopts ridge culture, and cotton adopts flat work, ridge height 15-25cm.
Further, drip irrigation facility adopts labyrinth type drip irrigation tape or systemic transferring.
Further, the dripping end flow of drip irrigation facility is 1-2L/h, and dripper spacing is 25-35cm.
Further, potato all adopts drip irrigation on ridge at tuber initiation stage and expanding stage.
Further, the precocious detoxification kind that potato selects high yield excellent, then carries out vernalization to potato seed, when bud long 1-1.5cm, carries out stripping and slicing sowing.
Ridge culture of the present invention and flat work well known to a person skilled in the art planting patterns, and ridge culture is a kind of tillage method of planting plants on the soil be above the ground level, and flat work is a kind of tillage method directly carrying out raise crop on soil.
Relative to prior art, the drip irrigation implantation methods that a kind of interplanting potato of the present invention grows cotton has following advantage: avoid flood irrigation to the adverse effect of cotton growth, and drip irrigation reduces 25-45m than common flood irrigation every mu
3irrigation quantity, improve commodity potato rate and the water use efficiency of potato, also improve the output in land area of one unit simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing forming a part of the present invention is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of plantation of the present invention and irrigation method.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
1-cotton planting band; 2-potato planting band; 3-drip irrigation facility.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with instantiation, set forth the present invention further.These examples are only not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention.
Specific embodiment one
Seed selection and seed treatment: select the precocious detoxification kind that high yield is excellent, vernalization in the larger vacant room that the potato seed selected is placed on indoor 12-15 DEG C with scattered light condition, stripping and slicing sowing is carried out as the long 1-1.5cm of bud, carry out disinfection with the alcohol of 75% or 0.5% potassium permanganate disinfection solution during potato seed stripping and slicing, ensure that each potato block has 1-2 eye, potato block weight can not lower than 30g, cotton selects to have precocity, high yield, high-quality, disease-resistant, and plant type is compact, medium blade is less than normal, fruit branch is lifted, and knot bell is strong, the kind that blow-of-cottons are fast and concentrated.
Selection of land and whole: select that physical features is smooth, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, permeability is good, the content of organic matter is abundant, near water source, irrigation and drainage facilitate and are conducive to the soil of mechanical work, whole ground about tilling depth 30-35cm, turn over rear fertilising to rake, potato only executes a base manure whole breeding time, and fertilizing amount is composite fertilizer 1500kg/hm
2, potassium sulfate 600kg/hm
2, when fertilization mode is rotary tillage, base is executed, and potato adopts ridge culture, and ridge height is 20cm.
Sowing: March 10 was sowed, general about the 8-10cm of sowing depth, the sowing water of potato is furrow irrigation, tuber initiation stage and expanding stage all adopt drip irrigation on ridge, seeding method is machine sowing, sowing line-spacing is 40cm, and density is the half of kind suitable planting density, plays weed killer herbicide and spreading after broadcasting; Cotton carries out artificial seeding in April 10, is planted between potato two ridge, and in planting area, every 150cm is a growth belt, and the line-spacing of potato is 40cm, and the line-spacing of cotton is 40cm.
Drip irrigation facility is laid: drip irrigation facility is laid between the potato on every bar ridge, and drip irrigation facility adopts labyrinth type drip irrigation tape or systemic transferring, and labyrinth type drip irrigation tape dripping end flow 2.0L/h, systemic transferring dripping end flow 1.0L/h, dripper spacing is 30cm.
Field management: look into seedling after potato set all sprouts in time and fill the gaps with seedlings, carries out 2 ~ 3 intertillages in whole breeding time, and cultivation and banking time first time carries out when height of seedling 6 centimetres, and this phase sobole is not yet formed, and can deep plough.Cultivation and banking carried out second time cultivation and banking after 10 days, and third time carried out in conjunction with ridging in squaring period, rationally ploughed shallowly, in order to avoid hinder stolon, in conjunction with cultivation uproot, pulled out disease plant, and note not on hollow billet under earth culture to film, when watering, cultivation and banking is better.Tuber expansion period sprays foliage fertilizer and multiple-effect is frustrated once, and being mainly used in increases the nutrition in potato later stage and the growth of regulation and control potato, prevents its growth too vigorous.
Because executing base manure before plantation potato, cotton is basal dressing no longer, respectively topdressed once at early squaring and flowering and boll-setting period, and early squaring uses the Stanley composite fertilizer 375kg/hm that N:P:K part by weight is 15:15:15
2, the urea 225kg/hm of total N content>=46%
2, flowering and boll-setting period uses the urea 180kg/hm of total N content>=46%
2.
Reasonably chemical regulation is carried out to cotton: in 2 ~ 3 leaf phases, use mepiquat chloride 15g/hm
2, with the formation of short root, strong sprout, short early flower bud, every 7 ~ 10 days of flower bud phase spray mepiquat chloride 30g/hm
2, control middle and lower part stem internode and lower fruit branch elongation, before pinching, spray mepiquat chloride 45g/hm
2, after pinching 7 ~ 10 days, spray mepiquat chloride 120g/hm
2, the training carrying out cotton is in time pruned work, improves field ventilation condition, strengthens the extermination of disease and insect pest, more to late-maturing autumn peach, can not the cotton field of blow-of-cottons in good time, and ethrel can be adopted to accelerate the ripening.
Effect test
The planting patterns of common flood irrigation and field management are with embodiment one.
Embodiment one and the comparative example of common flood irrigation are carried out effect test, and in this drip irrigation cropping pattern, the irrigation quantity of whole breeding time is 600m
3/ hm
2, output is 25756kg/hm
2, water consumption is 7672m
3/ hm
2, the irrigation quantity of the whole breeding time in common flood irrigation cropping pattern is 1125m
3/ hm
2, output is 23601kg/hm
2, water consumption is 8109m
3/ hm
2, as can be seen here, the planting patterns that embodiment one compares common flood irrigation has the advantages such as output is high, water consumption is few, and water use efficiency is high.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the drip irrigation implantation methods that grows cotton of an interplanting potato, it is characterized in that: carry out plantation potato when 10cm ground temperature is stabilized in 7-8 DEG C or early March or the middle ten days, the first tenday period of a month in April or the middle ten days grow cotton at the cover that in the ranks carries out of potato, and drip irrigation facility is laid on potato in the ranks.
2. the drip irrigation implantation methods that grows cotton of interplanting potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described planting area, every 150cm is a growth belt, and the line-spacing of potato is 40cm, and the line-spacing of cotton is 40cm.
3. the drip irrigation implantation methods that grows cotton of interplanting potato according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: potato adopts ridge culture, and cotton adopts flat work, and ridge height is 15-25cm.
4. the drip irrigation implantation methods that grows cotton of interplanting potato according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described drip irrigation facility adopts labyrinth type drip irrigation tape or systemic transferring.
5. the drip irrigation implantation methods that the interplanting potato according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 grows cotton, is characterized in that: the dripping end flow of described drip irrigation facility is 1-2L/h, and dripper spacing is 25-35cm.
6. the drip irrigation implantation methods that grows cotton of interplanting potato according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described potato all adopts drip irrigation on ridge at tuber initiation stage and expanding stage.
7. the drip irrigation implantation methods that the interplanting potato according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 grows cotton, is characterized in that: the precocious detoxification kind that described potato selects high yield excellent, then carries out vernalization to potato seed, when bud long 1-1.5cm, carries out stripping and slicing sowing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510467964.1A CN105052474A (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-07-31 | A drip irrigation planting method for potatoes intercropped cottons |
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| CN201510467964.1A CN105052474A (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-07-31 | A drip irrigation planting method for potatoes intercropped cottons |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105638202A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-06-08 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Novel light, simple and efficient cultivation method for continuous cropping of cotton and potatoes |
| CN107125004A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-05 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of millet peanut summer sowing intercropping method of high-yield and high-efficiency |
| CN111837856A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-10-30 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | High-yield symbiotic planting method for potatoes and leguminous plants |
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| CN111837856A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-10-30 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | High-yield symbiotic planting method for potatoes and leguminous plants |
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Application publication date: 20151118 |