CN104982230A - Method of grafting and cultivating Dabie Mountain hickory seedling - Google Patents
Method of grafting and cultivating Dabie Mountain hickory seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN104982230A CN104982230A CN201510319037.5A CN201510319037A CN104982230A CN 104982230 A CN104982230 A CN 104982230A CN 201510319037 A CN201510319037 A CN 201510319037A CN 104982230 A CN104982230 A CN 104982230A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of grafting and cultivating Dabie mountain hickory seedling, wherein the Dabie Mountain hickory seedling is used as a scion; and Hunan hickory is used as a root stock. According to the invention, the Dabie Mountain hickory seedling obtained by the method provided herein has good disease-resistance performance; fruits can be borne for 4 to 6 years in advance; by special grafting and cultivating method, fruits produced by the obtained hickory seedling are large; seeds are big; shapes are stable; and the original quality of the Dabie Mountain hickory is maintained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nursery technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of engrafting and cultivating Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock.
Background technology
Cathay hickory is worldwide dry fruit, belong to Juglandaceae (Juglandaceae) hickory (Carya), full genus has 18 kinds, 2 subspecies, wherein economic worth high, widely cultivate be only two kinds, a kind of book shell cathay hickory for originating in the U.S., China introduces a fine variety existing century more than one, solid very poor.Secondly be China Zhejiang cathay hickory, seed output and quality is superior in belonging to, the Carya dabieshanensis Production that Jinzhai County finds at the mid-1970s, its nut has that particle is large, shell is thin, oil yield is high, oleic acid, linoleic acid content high, but seedling is planted, the phase of bearing fruit is 10-14.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is a kind of method providing engrafting and cultivating Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock, and the grafting cathay hickory nursery stock cultivated under this methodology, compared with the cathay hickory nursery stock before non-grafting, can obviously shift to an earlier date 4-6 and bear fruit.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A method for engrafting and cultivating Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock, step is as follows:
1) sampling and processing of scion
In annual 1-2 month, the annual branch of nourishing and growing choosing the Carya dabieshanensis Production of more than the 30 years age of trees does scion, and the branch doing scion is 3-5cm, and select sturdy, internode is short, and bud is healthy and strong, full branch is good; Place after gathering and preserve to for subsequent use during grafting in the fresh-keeping warehouse of 5 DEG C, with the solution disinfection containing disinfectant during grafting, during sterilization, scion is immersed in 2-3 hour in antiseptic solution, pull the liquid draining surface out, to be grafted;
Disinfecting steps is one of important step improving cion survival rate, the preparation of disinfectant is most important, and wherein disinfectant is made up of the component of following parts by weight: compound sodium nitrophenolate 3 parts, permethrin 10 parts, vernonia anthelmintica 10 parts, 5 parts, peppermint root dry powder, purple 3 parts, potato seedling dry powder, curcumin 1.5 parts, chrysanthemum powder 5 parts, matrine 1.5 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, neem bark 2 parts, 1.5 parts, benzoic acid, brassin 1 part, saponin 1.5 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5 part, coumarin 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts; During preparation, each component is mixed, dry under vacuum conditions to moisture within 15%, grind into powder; During use, the ratio of getting above-mentioned powder 1:200 in mass ratio mixes with springwater, makes powder be dissolved completely in spring, makes disinfectant;
2) selection of stock and cultivation
Juglandaceae hickory Carya hunanesis Cheng seed is adopted to carry out the stock seedling raising manners of seed seedling-raising.
Choose the prime of life tree of Juglandaceae hickory Carya hunanesis Cheng, gather the fruit that naturally comes off in a large number after White Dew as seed, dry under being placed in the sun, the seed after drying is placed in fresh-keeping warehouse and stores, ensure that storehouse temperature is at 8-10 DEG C, relative moisture is at 50-75%; Seed vernalization solution was soaked 2 days in 10 days prior to seeding, pull out and rinse well, then dry surface moisture, wherein vernalization solution is made up of the component of following parts by weight: mountain spring water 60 parts, fibroin 10 parts, chelated zinc 5 parts, Cardia Salt 3 parts, humus 2 parts, vinegar 20 parts, 5 parts, disinfectant and flavour nucleotide disodium 1 part; Wherein disinfectant optional step 1) the middle disinfectant prepared; Carry out seeding and seedling raising according to a conventional method, treat that nursery stock leading thread reaches more than 1cm and can do stock use;
3) selection of nursery lot and whole
Select the brunisolic soil of good, the loosing soil of irrigation condition or yellowish-brown loam to be the nursery lot of Carya dabieshanensis Production grafting, remove weeds in nursery lot, plough deeply 50cm, rake carefully picks most stone, breaks up the clods, 300 jin, every mu of sealing fertilizer base manure; Described composite fertilizer base manure is made up of the component of following parts by weight: farmyard manure 100 parts, 5 parts, the mud in cellar for storing things, 5 parts, liver moss, natural pond slag 5 parts, 50 parts, phosphate fertilizer, sodium selenite 5 parts, 20 parts, ammonium sulfate, mulberry leaf ash 5 parts, capsicum leaf ash 5 parts, powder of straw 15 parts, water-soluble potassium 10 parts, root-inducing powder 4 parts, 2 parts, bamboo powder, tealeaves ash 2 parts, 4 parts, vinasse, 5 parts, disinfectant, ooze 5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts, the pinecone 2 parts; All raw material classification sent in parcher during preparation, the parch time, parch moisture, at 15-20%, used 90 eye mesh screens to carry out pulverizing according to the humid control of different component at 5-20 minute in batches; Above-mentioned composite basal fertilizer nutrient is sufficient, meets the growth of Juglans, has soil sterilization disinfection efficacy simultaneously, improves plant percent;
4) grafting of Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock
Growth selection is healthy and strong, well developed root system, leading thread is 1cm, growing height is the stock of 50% leaflet of the 1m Carya hunanesis Cheng nursery stock of all launching as grafting, grafting method adopts Needle graft, first on stock, digs out a U-shaped groove, length 1.5-10 centimetre with U-shaped grafting knife, width is the same with scion, and the degree of depth is the half of scion diameter; Scion lower end is whittled into 45 degree of oblique angles, and band circular arc, peels off the skin of scion diameter half with U-shaped grafting knife; Scion is embedded the groove of stock, the size of groove and scion as far as possible just, can make like this scion tightly be embedded in together, reduce the gap between scion and stock, improve survival rate; Be fastened with insulating tape, cross section is also packed together, expose scion brachyplast shape bud;
5) seedling management
Build shading screen at the end of May, prevent tender shoots from being burnt by the sun thus affecting plant percent, the weeds in time removing seedbed grown; Carya dabieshanensis Production disease resistance is high, is not subject to disease, and endangering the heaviest is budworm, routine observation, once find with spraying Worming.
Above-mentioned insecticide is made up of the component of following parts by weight: permethrin 10 parts, 2 parts, benzoic acid, crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract 2 parts, curcumin 2 parts, chrysanthemum powder 4 parts, tourmaline powder 1.2 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts; During preparation, said components is stirred in a kettle., utilize ball mill grinding 4 hours, cross 300 mesh sieves; During use, be watered by the mass ratio of 1:300 and spray.This insecticide sprays noresidue, effective, to budworm special efficacy.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is scion with Carya dabieshanensis Production, does stock with Carya hunanesis Cheng, by special engrafting and cultivating method, the pecan Pu that the cathay hickory nursery stock obtained produces is large, seed is large, dimensionally stable, and the original quality remaining Carya dabieshanensis Production.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
A method for engrafting and cultivating Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock, step is as follows:
1) sampling and processing of scion
In annual 1-2 month, the annual branch of nourishing and growing choosing the Carya dabieshanensis Production of more than the 30 years age of trees does scion, and the branch doing scion is 3-5cm, and select sturdy, internode is short, and bud is healthy and strong, full branch is good; Place after gathering and preserve to for subsequent use during grafting in the fresh-keeping warehouse of 5 DEG C, with the solution disinfection containing disinfectant during grafting, during sterilization, scion is immersed in 2-3 hour in antiseptic solution, pull the liquid draining surface out, to be grafted;
Disinfecting steps is one of important step improving cion survival rate, the preparation of disinfectant is most important, and wherein disinfectant is made up of the component of following parts by weight: compound sodium nitrophenolate 3 parts, permethrin 10 parts, vernonia anthelmintica 10 parts, 5 parts, peppermint root dry powder, purple 3 parts, potato seedling dry powder, curcumin 1.5 parts, chrysanthemum powder 5 parts, matrine 1.5 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, neem bark 2 parts, 1.5 parts, benzoic acid, brassin 1 part, saponin 1.5 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5 part, coumarin 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts; During preparation, each component is mixed, dry under vacuum conditions to moisture within 15%, grind into powder; During use, the ratio of getting above-mentioned powder 1:200 in mass ratio mixes with springwater, makes powder be dissolved completely in spring, makes disinfectant;
2) selection of stock and cultivation
Juglandaceae hickory Carya hunanesis Cheng seed is adopted to carry out the stock seedling raising manners of seed seedling-raising.
Choose the prime of life tree of Juglandaceae hickory Carya hunanesis Cheng, gather the fruit that naturally comes off in a large number after White Dew as seed, dry under being placed in the sun, the seed after drying is placed in fresh-keeping warehouse and stores, ensure that storehouse temperature is at 8-10 DEG C, relative moisture is at 50-75%; Seed vernalization solution was soaked 2 days in 10 days prior to seeding, pull out and rinse well, then dry surface moisture, wherein vernalization solution is made up of the component of following parts by weight: mountain spring water 60 parts, fibroin 10 parts, chelated zinc 5 parts, Cardia Salt 3 parts, humus 2 parts, vinegar 20 parts, 5 parts, disinfectant and flavour nucleotide disodium 1 part; Wherein disinfectant optional step 1) the middle disinfectant prepared; Carry out seeding and seedling raising according to a conventional method, treat that nursery stock leading thread reaches more than 1cm and can do stock use;
3) selection of nursery lot and whole
Select the brunisolic soil of good, the loosing soil of irrigation condition or yellowish-brown loam to be the nursery lot of Carya dabieshanensis Production grafting, remove weeds in nursery lot, plough deeply 50cm, rake carefully picks most stone, breaks up the clods, 300 jin, every mu of sealing fertilizer base manure; Described composite fertilizer base manure is made up of the component of following parts by weight: farmyard manure 100 parts, 5 parts, the mud in cellar for storing things, 5 parts, liver moss, natural pond slag 5 parts, 50 parts, phosphate fertilizer, sodium selenite 5 parts, 20 parts, ammonium sulfate, mulberry leaf ash 5 parts, capsicum leaf ash 5 parts, powder of straw 15 parts, water-soluble potassium 10 parts, root-inducing powder 4 parts, 2 parts, bamboo powder, tealeaves ash 2 parts, 4 parts, vinasse, 5 parts, disinfectant, ooze 5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts, the pinecone 2 parts; All raw material classification sent in parcher during preparation, the parch time, parch moisture, at 15-20%, used 90 eye mesh screens to carry out pulverizing according to the humid control of different component at 5-20 minute in batches; Above-mentioned composite basal fertilizer nutrient is sufficient, meets the growth of Juglans, has soil sterilization disinfection efficacy simultaneously, improves plant percent;
4) grafting of Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock
Growth selection is healthy and strong, well developed root system, leading thread is 1cm, growing height is the stock of 50% leaflet of the 1m Carya hunanesis Cheng nursery stock of all launching as grafting, grafting method adopts Needle graft, first on stock, digs out a U-shaped groove, length 1.5-10 centimetre with U-shaped grafting knife, width is the same with scion, and the degree of depth is the half of scion diameter; Scion lower end is whittled into 45 degree of oblique angles, and band circular arc, peels off the skin of scion diameter half with U-shaped grafting knife; Scion is embedded the groove of stock, the size of groove and scion as far as possible just, can make like this scion tightly be embedded in together, reduce the gap between scion and stock, improve survival rate; Be fastened with insulating tape, cross section is also packed together, expose scion brachyplast shape bud;
5) seedling management
Build shading screen at the end of May, prevent tender shoots from being burnt by the sun thus affecting plant percent, the weeds in time removing seedbed grown; Carya dabieshanensis Production disease resistance is high, is not subject to disease, and endangering the heaviest is budworm, routine observation, once find with spraying Worming.
Above-mentioned insecticide is made up of the component of following parts by weight: permethrin 10 parts, 2 parts, benzoic acid, crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract 2 parts, curcumin 2 parts, chrysanthemum powder 4 parts, tourmaline powder 1.2 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts; During preparation, said components is stirred in a kettle., utilize ball mill grinding 4 hours, cross 300 mesh sieves; During use, be watered by the mass ratio of 1:300 and spray.This insecticide sprays noresidue, effective, to budworm special efficacy.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a method for engrafting and cultivating Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) sampling and processing of scion
In annual 1-2 month, the annual branch of nourishing and growing choosing the Carya dabieshanensis Production of more than the 30 years age of trees does scion, and the branch doing scion is 3-5cm, and select sturdy, internode is short, and bud is healthy and strong, full branch is good; Place after gathering and preserve to for subsequent use during grafting in the fresh-keeping warehouse of 5 DEG C, with the solution disinfection containing disinfectant during grafting, during sterilization, scion is immersed in 2-3 hour in antiseptic solution, pull the liquid draining surface out, to be grafted;
Above-mentioned disinfectant is made up of the component of following parts by weight: compound sodium nitrophenolate 3 parts, permethrin 10 parts, vernonia anthelmintica 10 parts, 5 parts, peppermint root dry powder, purple 3 parts, potato seedling dry powder, curcumin 1.5 parts, chrysanthemum powder 5 parts, matrine 1.5 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, neem bark 2 parts, 1.5 parts, benzoic acid, brassin 1 part, saponin 1.5 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5 part, coumarin 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts; During preparation, each component is mixed, dry under vacuum conditions to moisture within 15%, grind into powder; During use, the ratio of getting above-mentioned powder 1:200 in mass ratio mixes with springwater, makes powder be dissolved completely in spring, makes antiseptic solution;
2) selection of stock and cultivation
Choose the prime of life tree of Juglandaceae hickory Carya hunanesis Cheng, gather the fruit that naturally comes off in a large number after White Dew as seed, dry under being placed in the sun, the seed after drying is placed in fresh-keeping warehouse and stores, ensure that storehouse temperature is at 8-10 DEG C, relative moisture is at 50-75%; Seed vernalization solution was soaked 2 days in 10 days prior to seeding, pull out and rinse well, then dry surface moisture, wherein vernalization solution is made up of the component of following parts by weight: mountain spring water 60 parts, fibroin 10 parts, chelated zinc 5 parts, Cardia Salt 3 parts, humus 2 parts, vinegar 20 parts, 5 parts, disinfectant and flavour nucleotide disodium 1 part; Carry out seeding and seedling raising according to a conventional method, treat that nursery stock leading thread reaches more than 1cm and can do stock use;
3) selection of nursery lot and whole
Select the brunisolic soil of good, the loosing soil of irrigation condition or yellowish-brown loam to be the nursery lot of Carya dabieshanensis Production grafting, remove weeds in nursery lot, plough deeply 50cm, rake carefully picks most stone, breaks up the clods, 300 jin, every mu of sealing fertilizer base manure; Described composite fertilizer base manure is made up of the component of following parts by weight: farmyard manure 100 parts, 5 parts, the mud in cellar for storing things, 5 parts, liver moss, natural pond slag 5 parts, 50 parts, phosphate fertilizer, sodium selenite 5 parts, 20 parts, ammonium sulfate, mulberry leaf ash 5 parts, capsicum leaf ash 5 parts, powder of straw 15 parts, water-soluble potassium 10 parts, root-inducing powder 4 parts, 2 parts, bamboo powder, tealeaves ash 2 parts, 4 parts, vinasse, 5 parts, disinfectant, ooze 5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts, the pinecone 2 parts; All raw material classification sent in parcher during preparation, the parch time, parch moisture, at 15-20%, used 90 eye mesh screens to carry out pulverizing according to the humid control of different component at 5-20 minute in batches;
4) grafting of Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock
Growth selection is healthy and strong, well developed root system, leading thread is 1cm, growing height is the stock of 50% leaflet of the 1m Carya hunanesis Cheng nursery stock of all launching as grafting, grafting method adopts Needle graft, first on stock, digs out a U-shaped groove, length 1.5-10 centimetre with U-shaped grafting knife, width is the same with scion, and the degree of depth is the half of scion diameter; Scion lower end is whittled into 45 degree of oblique angles, and band circular arc, peels off the skin of scion diameter half with U-shaped grafting knife; Scion is embedded the groove of stock, the size of groove and scion as far as possible just, can make like this scion tightly be embedded in together, reduce the gap between scion and stock, improve survival rate; Be fastened with insulating tape, cross section is also packed together, expose scion brachyplast shape bud;
5) seedling management
Build shading screen at the end of May, prevent tender shoots from being burnt by the sun thus affecting plant percent, the weeds in time removing seedbed grown; Carya dabieshanensis Production disease resistance is high, is not subject to disease, and endangering the heaviest is budworm, routine observation, once find with spraying Worming.
2. the method for engrafting and cultivating Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 1) and step 3) described in disinfectant be made up of the component of following parts by weight: compound sodium nitrophenolate 3 parts, permethrin 10 parts, vernonia anthelmintica 10 parts, 5 parts, peppermint root dry powder, purple 3 parts, potato seedling dry powder, curcumin 1.5 parts, chrysanthemum powder 5 parts, matrine 1.5 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, neem bark 2 parts, 1.5 parts, benzoic acid, brassin 1 part, saponin 1.5 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5 part, coumarin 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts.
3. the method for engrafting and cultivating Carya dabieshanensis Production nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 5) described in insecticide be made up of the component of following parts by weight: permethrin 10 parts, 2 parts, benzoic acid, crowndaisy chrysanthemum extract 2 parts, curcumin 2 parts, chrysanthemum powder 4 parts, tourmaline powder 1.2 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts; During preparation, said components is stirred in a kettle., utilize ball mill grinding 4 hours, cross 300 mesh sieves; During use, be watered by the mass ratio of 1:300 and spray.
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| CN108184516A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-22 | 金寨县富东生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Carya dabieshanensis Production trunk reparation and tree vigo(u)r restoration methods |
| CN108522056A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-14 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | Red vertebra select tree grafting and breeding nursery working system |
| CN108781805A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-13 | 霍山县庆中农林开发有限公司 | A kind of cuttage processing method improving safflower oil tea cuttage radication capability |
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