CN105123410A - Grafting cultivation method for zeldova serrata seedlings - Google Patents
Grafting cultivation method for zeldova serrata seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123410A CN105123410A CN201510557005.9A CN201510557005A CN105123410A CN 105123410 A CN105123410 A CN 105123410A CN 201510557005 A CN201510557005 A CN 201510557005A CN 105123410 A CN105123410 A CN 105123410A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention provides a grafting cultivation method for zeldova serrata seedlings. The method comprises the following steps that 1, in January to February of every year, annual strong branches of local wild zeldova serrata of more than 30 years old are selected as scions, and a solution containing a disinfectant is adopted to perform disinfection treatment when grafting is performed; 2, seeds are collected from zeldova serrata seed trees and soaked with a germination accelerating solution for 2 days before being sown, then the surface moisture of the seeds is aired to wait for being sown, and seedlings can be used as stocks when the ground diameter of the seedlings is more than 5 cm; 3, in the southern mountainous area in Anhui Province, a land parcel which is deep in soil and rich in humus is selected to be reclaimed, flattened and then covered with 20 centimeters of humus soil; 4, needle graft is adopted as a grafting method, the scions are fixed by winding insulating tape after being grafted, and short dendritic buds of the scions are exposed; 5, human wastes are additionally applied in time when the seedlings are survived and grow to 30 cm, a leaf surface sterilization solution is sprayed once a month until the seedlings grow to higher than 1 m, and weeding is performed without specific time limitation and performed as long as grass grows; 6, daily management is performed according to a conventional zeldova serrata management method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nursery technology field, be specifically related to a kind of beech sapling wood engrafting and cultivating method.
Background technology
Beech tree (Zelkovaschneideriana) belong to Ulmaceae (Ulmaceaefamily) Zelkova (Zelkova), and fallen leaves megaphanerophyte, is distributed in east, Mediterranean to east Asia, about 10 species.There is the age of tree long, wind resistance, anti-morning, the feature such as damage by disease and insect is few, material is excellent.The densification of beech trees material is hard, beautiful texture, and not easily flexible with flexure, rotproofness is strong, is shipbuilding, bridge and produce the choice wood of all kinds of top-grade furniture and handicraft, belongs to high-grade hard broad-leaved commerical tree species.Stem skin fibre-bearing, and content is more is the raw material manufacturing synthetic cotton, rope and papermaking.Tree root well developed root system, can fixing water and soil, and maintenance water source, improving the gas permeability of soil and structure, is good water and soil conservation seeds.Tree-like grace, crown width is large, and leaf look Seasonal dynamics change enriches, because of and be the traditional colour leaf Landscape Tree Species and important Green Landscape seeds that are loved by the people.Be worth because beech tree has higher economy, ecology and landscape utilization, and existing beech tree resource is very in short supply, in first " national key protected wild plants register ", beech tree is listed in the wild plant that national secondary is laid special stress on protecting.
Beech tree is spent little, and fruit drop phenomenon is serious, and the ripening rate of seed is only about 10%, has been listed in national two class protective plants.Present stage, China's material beech mainly relies on import.The vegetative propagation technique research of current beech tree is carried out comprehensively.The grafting of beech tree, take generally American elm as stock, graft survival rate can reach more than 80%.The Study on tissue culture of beech tree has obtained certain progress, but not yet forms the ability of scale breeding.Beech tree cuttage achieve good effect, be up to the root survival of 93%, adopt branch diameter generally at 0.6 ~ 1.0cm.The epicormic branch cuttage of beech tree also has research report, but cuttings used is still comparatively thick, and diameter range is between 0.4 ~ 0.6cm, and rooting rate is only up to 73.5%, and effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of beech sapling wood engrafting and cultivating method, and the grafting beech sapling cultivated under this methodology wood is compared with the beech sapling wood before non-grafting, and growth rate is faster, and disease resistance is better.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of beech sapling wood engrafting and cultivating method, step is as follows:
1) sampling and processing of scion
In annual 1-2 month, the wild beech in this locality choosing more than the 30 years age of trees are set annual robust growth branch and are done scion, and the branch length doing scion is 4-7cm, diameter 0.2-0.4cm, select internode short, bud is healthy and strong, full branch is good; Be placed on after collection in the fresh-keeping warehouse of 5 DEG C and preserve to for subsequent use during grafting, with the solution disinfection containing disinfectant during grafting, during sterilization, scion is immersed in 2-3 hour in antiseptic solution, pull the liquid draining surface out, to be grafted;
Disinfecting steps is one of important step improving cion survival rate, the preparation of disinfectant is most important, and wherein disinfectant is made up of the component of following parts by weight: compound sodium nitrophenolate 3 parts, permethrin 10 parts, vernonia anthelmintica 10 parts, 5 parts, peppermint root dry powder, purple 3 parts, potato seedling dry powder, curcumin 1.5 parts, chrysanthemum powder 5 parts, matrine 1.5 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, neem bark 2 parts, 1.5 parts, benzoic acid, brassin 1 part, saponin 1.5 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5 part, coumarin 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts; During preparation, each component is mixed, dry under vacuum conditions to moisture within 15%, grind into powder; During use, the ratio of getting above-mentioned powder 1:200 in mass ratio mixes with springwater, makes powder be dissolved completely in spring, makes disinfectant;
2) selection of stock and cultivation
Collect seed from solid healthy and strong beech tree elite stand that is many, full seed, dry under seed being placed in the sun, seed vernalization solution was soaked 2 days in 5 days prior to seeding, pull out and rinse well, then dry surface moisture and wait for sowing; Above-mentioned soaked seed is evenly arranged on the soil put in order, the seed arranged covers one deck humic soil layer, and humic the thickness of the layer, at 1-3 centimetre, keeps the humidity of soil at 55-75%, treat seed germination, treat that nursery stock leading thread reaches more than 5cm and can do stock use;
Wherein vernalization solution is formed by the component system of mixing of following parts by weight: magnetized drinking water 100 parts, flavour nucleotide disodium 0.5 part, fibroin 5 parts, chelated zinc 5 parts, Cardia Salt 3 parts, humus 2 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 0.5 part, sodium selenite 2 parts, vinegar 5 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 1.5 parts, curcumin 2 parts, alanine 5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, carbendazim 4 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 1.5 parts, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, water-soluble potassium 5 parts, neutral proteinase 0.5 part, corn starch 2 parts, fulvic acid 1.5 parts, gibberellin 2 parts, Rosa Damascana 0.5 part, potassium sorbate 0.5 part, adopt the vernalization solution of formulated to soak seed, reduce germ and grow, seed germination rate can be significantly improved,
3) selection of nursery lot and whole
In the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, selecting the more plot of the deep humus of soil property to open up wasteland, is good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil, sieve goes stone in soil and weeds, smooth rear covering 20 centimeters of humus soil, the wide 1.2m in seedbed, high 20cm, furrow width 30cm;
4) grafting of beech sapling wood
Grafting method adopts Needle graft, and first on stock, dig out a U-shaped groove, length 0.3-0.5 centimetre with U-shaped grafting knife, width is the same with scion, and the degree of depth is the half of scion diameter; Scion lower end is whittled into 45 degree of oblique angles, and band circular arc, peels off the skin of scion diameter half with U-shaped grafting knife; Scion is embedded the groove of stock, the size of groove and scion as far as possible just, can make like this scion tightly be embedded in together, reduce the gap between scion and stock, improve survival rate; Be fastened with insulating tape, cross section is also packed together, expose scion brachyplast shape bud;
5) seedling management
Sapling survives and should impose night soil in time after growing to 30 ㎝ height, monthly sprays a blade face germicidal solution, grows to more than 1m to sapling; Dry season waters a water every day, and weeding does not have concrete time restriction, has grass just to remove;
Above-mentioned blade face germicidal solution is formulated by the component of following parts by weight: magnetized drinking water 100 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 1.5 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 1.5 parts, Purslane extract 2 parts, alanine 5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis 5 parts, 25% carbendazol wettable powder 5 parts, ethanol 2 parts, phosphate buffer 1.5 parts, fulvic acid 1.5 parts, gibberellin 2 parts, citric acid 0.5 part, phoxim 2 parts, Pidolidone 0.4 part, industry glycerol 0.2 part;
6) daily management
Conveniently beech tree management method carries out daily management.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention sets as scion with the wild beech in this locality; by special engrafting and cultivating method; the nursery stock disease resistance obtained is good; survival rate is high; the object breeding and utilize these seeds in a large number can be reached; can reach again the object of protection endangered species germ plasm resource, survival rate can reach more than 85%.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
A kind of beech sapling wood engrafting and cultivating method, step is as follows:
1) sampling and processing of scion
In annual 1-2 month, the wild beech in this locality choosing more than the 30 years age of trees are set annual robust growth branch and are done scion, and the branch length doing scion is 4-7cm, diameter 0.2-0.4cm, select internode short, bud is healthy and strong, full branch is good; Be placed on after collection in the fresh-keeping warehouse of 5 DEG C and preserve to for subsequent use during grafting, with the solution disinfection containing disinfectant during grafting, during sterilization, scion is immersed in 2-3 hour in antiseptic solution, pull the liquid draining surface out, to be grafted;
Disinfecting steps is one of important step improving cion survival rate, the preparation of disinfectant is most important, and wherein disinfectant is made up of the component of following parts by weight: compound sodium nitrophenolate 3 parts, permethrin 10 parts, vernonia anthelmintica 10 parts, 5 parts, peppermint root dry powder, purple 3 parts, potato seedling dry powder, curcumin 1.5 parts, chrysanthemum powder 5 parts, matrine 1.5 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, neem bark 2 parts, 1.5 parts, benzoic acid, brassin 1 part, saponin 1.5 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5 part, coumarin 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts; During preparation, each component is mixed, dry under vacuum conditions to moisture within 15%, grind into powder; During use, the ratio of getting above-mentioned powder 1:200 in mass ratio mixes with springwater, makes powder be dissolved completely in spring, makes disinfectant;
2) selection of stock and cultivation
Collect seed from solid healthy and strong beech tree elite stand that is many, full seed, dry under seed being placed in the sun, seed vernalization solution was soaked 2 days in 5 days prior to seeding, pull out and rinse well, then dry surface moisture and wait for sowing; Above-mentioned soaked seed is evenly arranged on the soil put in order, the seed arranged covers one deck humic soil layer, and humic the thickness of the layer, at 1-3 centimetre, keeps the humidity of soil at 55-75%, treat seed germination, treat that nursery stock leading thread reaches more than 5cm and can do stock use;
Wherein vernalization solution is formed by the component system of mixing of following parts by weight: magnetized drinking water 100 parts, flavour nucleotide disodium 0.5 part, fibroin 5 parts, chelated zinc 5 parts, Cardia Salt 3 parts, humus 2 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 0.5 part, sodium selenite 2 parts, vinegar 5 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 1.5 parts, curcumin 2 parts, alanine 5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, carbendazim 4 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 1.5 parts, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, water-soluble potassium 5 parts, neutral proteinase 0.5 part, corn starch 2 parts, fulvic acid 1.5 parts, gibberellin 2 parts, Rosa Damascana 0.5 part, potassium sorbate 0.5 part,
3) selection of nursery lot and whole
In the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, selecting the more plot of the deep humus of soil property to open up wasteland, is good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil, sieve goes stone in soil and weeds, smooth rear covering 20 centimeters of humus soil, the wide 1.2m in seedbed, high 20cm, furrow width 30cm;
4) grafting of beech sapling wood
Grafting method adopts Needle graft, and first on stock, dig out a U-shaped groove, length 0.3-0.5 centimetre with U-shaped grafting knife, width is the same with scion, and the degree of depth is the half of scion diameter; Scion lower end is whittled into 45 degree of oblique angles, and band circular arc, peels off the skin of scion diameter half with U-shaped grafting knife; Scion is embedded the groove of stock, the size of groove and scion as far as possible just, can make like this scion tightly be embedded in together, reduce the gap between scion and stock, improve survival rate; Be fastened with insulating tape, cross section is also packed together, expose scion brachyplast shape bud;
5) seedling management
Sapling survives and should impose night soil in time after growing to 30 ㎝ height, monthly sprays a blade face germicidal solution, grows to more than 1m to sapling; Dry season waters a water every day, and weeding does not have concrete time restriction, has grass just to remove;
Above-mentioned blade face germicidal solution is formulated by the component of following parts by weight: magnetized drinking water 100 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 1.5 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 1.5 parts, Purslane extract 2 parts, alanine 5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis 5 parts, 25% carbendazol wettable powder 5 parts, ethanol 2 parts, phosphate buffer 1.5 parts, fulvic acid 1.5 parts, gibberellin 2 parts, citric acid 0.5 part, phoxim 2 parts, Pidolidone 0.4 part, industry glycerol 0.2 part;
6) daily management
Conveniently beech tree management method carries out daily management.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. a beech sapling wood engrafting and cultivating method, it is characterized in that, method is as follows:
1) sampling and processing of scion
In annual 1-2 month, the wild beech in this locality choosing more than the 30 years age of trees are set annual robust growth branch and are done scion, and the branch length doing scion is 4-7cm, diameter 0.2-0.4cm, select internode short, bud is healthy and strong, full branch is good; Be placed on after collection in the fresh-keeping warehouse of 5 DEG C and preserve to for subsequent use during grafting, with the solution disinfection containing disinfectant during grafting, during sterilization, scion is immersed in 2-3 hour in antiseptic solution, pull the liquid draining surface out, to be grafted;
Above-mentioned disinfectant is made up of the component of following parts by weight: compound sodium nitrophenolate 3 parts, permethrin 10 parts, vernonia anthelmintica 10 parts, 5 parts, peppermint root dry powder, purple 3 parts, potato seedling dry powder, curcumin 1.5 parts, chrysanthemum powder 5 parts, matrine 1.5 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 2 parts, tea extract 0.5 part, neem bark 2 parts, 1.5 parts, benzoic acid, brassin 1 part, saponin 1.5 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5 part, coumarin 0.5 part, camphor powder 1.5 parts; During preparation, each component is mixed, dry under vacuum conditions to moisture within 15%, grind into powder; During use, the ratio of getting above-mentioned powder 1:200 in mass ratio mixes with springwater, makes powder be dissolved completely in spring, makes disinfectant;
2) selection of stock and cultivation
Collect seed from solid healthy and strong beech tree elite stand that is many, full seed, dry under seed being placed in the sun, seed vernalization solution was soaked 2 days in 5 days prior to seeding, pull out and rinse well, then dry surface moisture and wait for sowing; Above-mentioned soaked seed is evenly arranged on the soil put in order, the seed arranged covers one deck humic soil layer, and humic the thickness of the layer, at 1-3 centimetre, keeps the humidity of soil at 55-75%, treat seed germination, treat that nursery stock leading thread reaches more than 5cm and can do stock use;
Wherein vernalization solution is formed by the component system of mixing of following parts by weight: magnetized drinking water 100 parts, flavour nucleotide disodium 0.5 part, fibroin 5 parts, chelated zinc 5 parts, Cardia Salt 3 parts, humus 2 parts, Glyceryl Behenate 0.5 part, sodium selenite 2 parts, vinegar 5 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 1.5 parts, curcumin 2 parts, alanine 5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, carbendazim 4 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 1.5 parts, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, water-soluble potassium 5 parts, neutral proteinase 0.5 part, corn starch 2 parts, fulvic acid 1.5 parts, gibberellin 2 parts, Rosa Damascana 0.5 part, potassium sorbate 0.5 part,
3) selection of nursery lot and whole
In the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, selecting the more plot of the deep humus of soil property to open up wasteland, is good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil, sieve goes stone in soil and weeds, smooth rear covering 20 centimeters of humus soil, the wide 1.2m in seedbed, high 20cm, furrow width 30cm;
4) grafting of beech sapling wood
Grafting method adopts Needle graft, and first on stock, dig out a U-shaped groove, length 0.3-0.5 centimetre with U-shaped grafting knife, width is the same with scion, and the degree of depth is the half of scion diameter; Scion lower end is whittled into 45 degree of oblique angles, and band circular arc, peels off the skin of scion diameter half with U-shaped grafting knife; Scion is embedded the groove of stock, the size of groove and scion as far as possible just, can make like this scion tightly be embedded in together, reduce the gap between scion and stock, improve survival rate; Be fastened with insulating tape, cross section is also packed together, expose scion brachyplast shape bud;
5) seedling management
Sapling survives and should impose night soil in time after growing to 30 ㎝ height, monthly sprays a blade face germicidal solution, grows to more than 1m to sapling; Dry season waters a water every day, and weeding does not have concrete time restriction, has grass just to remove;
Above-mentioned blade face germicidal solution is formulated by the component of following parts by weight: magnetized drinking water 100 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, purple sweet potato cyanidin 1.5 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 1.5 parts, Purslane extract 2 parts, alanine 5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 parts, Aqua Folium Camelliae sinensis 5 parts, 25% carbendazol wettable powder 5 parts, ethanol 2 parts, phosphate buffer 1.5 parts, fulvic acid 1.5 parts, gibberellin 2 parts, citric acid 0.5 part, phoxim 2 parts, Pidolidone 0.4 part, industry glycerol 0.2 part;
6) daily management
Conveniently beech tree management method carries out daily management.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN106386436A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 简立华 | Seedling growing method for watermelons by plug tray cultivation substrate |
| CN106386095A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 简立华 | Seedling growing method for watermelons by plug tray seedling growing substrate |
| CN106945451A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-14 | 张成祥 | A kind of carving root preparation method |
| CN107980383A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-04 | 四川农业大学 | It is a kind of to improve method of the S. photeinocarpum to the accumulation ability of selenium |
| CN108040647A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-18 | 四川农业大学 | It is a kind of to improve method of the S. photeinocarpum grafting offspring to the accumulation ability of selenium |
| CN108522056A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-14 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | Red vertebra select tree grafting and breeding nursery working system |
| CN109526680A (en) * | 2018-12-01 | 2019-03-29 | 贵州省贵福生态肥业有限公司 | A kind of waste edible fungus bacteria stick preparation cuttage growth-promoting root nutritional agents and preparation method thereof |
| CN110915533A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-27 | 句容市乡土树种研究所 | Cultivation method for improved variety and strong seedling of zelkova serrata |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106386436A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 简立华 | Seedling growing method for watermelons by plug tray cultivation substrate |
| CN106386095A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 简立华 | Seedling growing method for watermelons by plug tray seedling growing substrate |
| CN106945451A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-14 | 张成祥 | A kind of carving root preparation method |
| CN107980383A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-04 | 四川农业大学 | It is a kind of to improve method of the S. photeinocarpum to the accumulation ability of selenium |
| CN108040647A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-18 | 四川农业大学 | It is a kind of to improve method of the S. photeinocarpum grafting offspring to the accumulation ability of selenium |
| CN108522056A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-14 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | Red vertebra select tree grafting and breeding nursery working system |
| CN109526680A (en) * | 2018-12-01 | 2019-03-29 | 贵州省贵福生态肥业有限公司 | A kind of waste edible fungus bacteria stick preparation cuttage growth-promoting root nutritional agents and preparation method thereof |
| CN110915533A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-27 | 句容市乡土树种研究所 | Cultivation method for improved variety and strong seedling of zelkova serrata |
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