CN107548993A - Bletilla striata high-efficiency seed reproduction technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses bletilla striata high-efficiency seed reproduction technique, is mainly carried out by following step：First, instrument：Ultraviolet disinfection case, seed soaking cylinder, aquarium, filter cloth, porcelain dish, fine sand, small spoon, sterilizing are standby；2nd, the tincture of iodine 1.2% is taken, bletilla striata seeds is put into sterilizing and pulls out for 2 ~ 3 minutes, spontaneously dried after being cleaned up with cold water；3rd, taken out after putting ultraviolet disinfection into 10 ~ 12 minutes after drying；4th, the injected clear water in seed soaking cylinder, adds 2% sucrose, 0.9%NaCL, 20% potato juice, and be cooled to 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C after rising high-temperature sterilization；Five, encased with filter cloth, put into seed soaking cylinder and submerge 1 ~ 2 hour, put 30 DEG C ~ 33 DEG C of keeping temperature in aquarium into and carry out vernalization 3 ~ 4 days；6th, the sand after high-temperature sterilization is divided on sterile indoor floor, the bletilla striata seeds of vernalization point is spread on sand, the sand of one layer of 0.5 cm thick is spread on surface again, is slightly compacted, and sprays 0.5% urea sterilized solution and to water content 30%.

Description

Bletilla striata high-efficiency seed reproduction technique

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of reproduction technique, more particularly to be bletilla reproduction technique, belong to agricultural technology neck Domain.

Background technology

The bletilla striata,（Scientific name：Bletilla striata）Also known as Lian Jicao, Gan Gen, give free of charge, indocalamus orchid, Zhu Lan, purple blue, purple a species of orchid, Hundred large bamboo hats with a conical crown and broad brim, Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), Cold boiled chicken baby, Bai Gen, YANGJIAOQI.Perennial herb bulbous plant（Root tuber）, plant is high 18-60 centimetres.Mainly It is distributed in China, Japan and Upper Myanmar.The main florescence all may be used in spring, but according to the difference of various regions weather, late Winter Solstice early summer It can bloom.The bletilla striata has extensive medical value and Ornamental value.It is mainly used in astringing to arrest bleeding, detumescence and promoting granulation.Flower have it is purplish red, white, The colors such as blue, yellow and powder, can potted plant indoor appreciation, can also intersperse in one jiao of flower stand, flower border or garden more covering.

The nascent pseudobulb of the bletilla striata is spheroidal, and growth just forms V-shaped bulk pseudobulb to a certain extent.4-6 pieces of leaf, Long and narrow circular or lanceolar, long 8-29 centimetres, wide 1.5-4 centimetres, tip is tapering, and base portion, which is received, narrow into sheath and embraces stem.

Bletilla striata inflorescence has 3-10 flower, often not branch or extremely rare branch；Rachis is more or less tortuous in " it " shape；Flower The long round shape lanceolar of bract, it is long 2-2.5 centimetres, bloom and wither and fall often；Hua great, aubergine or pink；Sepal and petal are near etc. It is long, long and narrow circle, long 25-30 millimeters, wide 6-8 millimeters, the anxious point of tip；Petal is slightly wider compared with sepal；Lip is compared with sepal and petal slightly It is short, obovate elliptic, long 23-28 millimeters, white band aubergine, have purple arteries and veins；5 typhloscle pieces of mask on lip disk, from base portion The nearly top of middle sliver is extended, is wavy only on middle sliver；Stamen column length 18-20 millimeters, column, have narrow wing, slightly bow.Florescence The 4-5 months.The fruiting period 7-9 months.There are the mutation white flower bletilla striata, floral white, garden-variety still has the color such as blue, yellow, pink.The pollen of the bletilla striata is in Bulk is not easy to scatter, so nor highly advantageous in pollination.

The seed of the bletilla striata is superfine small, and like powder, shape does not have endosperm, the embryo of the ateliosis of only several cellularities. The bletilla striata germinates on the liver moss of moistening, and moist for a long time.

The bletilla striata likes warm, dark and damp environment, as at wild mountain valley sylvan life.Slightly cold-resistant, In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River can open country cultivation Training.Shade tolerance is strong, avoids strong light direct beam, and blade is easily withered and yellow during summer hot and dry weather.Suitable draining is well containing the husky earth more than humus Soil.

The bletilla striata is frequently grown in the relatively cliff of moistening, in liver moss layer, is often combined with shrub, or be grown on border, thick grass, There is the place of mountain spring, be also born in the evergreen broad-leaved sylvan life of height above sea level 100-3200 rice, under a woods or coniferous forest, in Beijing and Tianjin There is cultivation.The stone of bletilla striata growth is sandstones, and such bletilla striata can just be absorbed to capillary, so as to firmly inhale above.

The bletilla striata originates in China, is widely distributed in Yangtze river basin each province.Mainly originate from southwestern Guizho, Southern Shaanxi, Lianyun Harbour, south It is logical, Nanjing, Jurong, Yixing, Liyang, Shanghai, the southeast of Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, wide East, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan.The Korea peninsula and Japan are also distributed.

Plowed soils before ground plants, uses sufficient base manure.Plantation, depth of planting 3-5 ㎝ at the beginning of 3 months of the winter in the first year to next year.It is raw Ground moistening need to be kept for a long time, notices that weeding is loosened the soil, and applied fertilizer 1 time within every 2 weeks.Bloomed within 2 months after general cultivation.Hua Houzhi mid-Augusts 1 phosphate fertilizer is applied, can enrich root tuber growth.Conventional division propagation.Before spring young leaves is sprouted or autumn and winter overground part it is withered after, turn up Old strain, segmentation pseudobulb carry out a point plant, and every plant can divide 3-5 strains, must be with terminal bud, and traditional cultivation is mainly by division propagation but plant division Breeding cycle is grown, and reproductive efficiency is low, and consumes kind of amount greatly, it is difficult to meet the needs largely cultivated.

Also seed propagation can be used, but the seed of the bletilla striata is very tiny and is difficult to sprout without endosperm, therefore under natural situation Hair and growth, the cultivation of seedling is more difficult, but as part R＆D institution is to imminent extinction protected plants input research dynamics, it is blue Section's plant breeding work is greatly developed, and can obtain a large amount of seedlings by aseptic seeding and test tube seedling is used for germ plasm resource Protection and the production of commodity.Tissue culture technique can quickly breed a large amount of seedlings, and aseptic seeding is carried out on different culture media, Clonal reproduction is carried out with method for tissue culture after seed sprouting, the large-scale production of bletilla striata seedling is realized and explores effective fast Fast multiplication technique.

The content of the invention

The bletilla striata has astringing to arrest bleeding, efficacy of a drug effect of detumescence and promoting granulation.The bletilla striata can be ready for use on hemoptysis haematemesis after drying, wound goes out Blood, sore swollen toxin, chapped skin；Pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, ulcer haemorrhage, the plantation bletilla striata have very big medicine meaning, but the bletilla striata Seed it is very tiny and without endosperm, therefore be difficult to sprout and growth under natural situation, the cultivation of seedling is more difficult, This shortcoming can be overcome using division propagation, but the quantity of division propagation is not suitable for the demand of large-scale breeding.In order to overcome Bletilla striata seeds breed the problem of difficult and division propagation quantity, we have invented bletilla striata high-efficiency seed reproduction technique, can use seed Amount reproduction goes out bletilla striata seedling.

Bletilla striata high-efficiency seed reproduction technique solves problem and adopted the technical scheme that by following step progress：First, work Tool：Ultraviolet disinfection case, seed soaking cylinder, aquarium, filter cloth, porcelain dish, fine sand, small spoon, and above-mentioned instrument disinfection cabinet high temperature is gone out Bacterium is standby；2nd, the tincture of iodine is diluted to concentration 1.2% with cold water, takes sterilizing 2 ~ 3 in one spoonful of tincture of iodine for putting dilution into of bletilla striata seeds Minute is pulled out, is spontaneously dried after being cleaned up with cold water；3rd, dried seed is put into ultraviolet bacterium case, ultraviolet Sterilizing is taken out after 10 ~ 12 minutes to be put in sterilizing porcelain dish；4th, injected clear water is to 70% height in seed soaking cylinder, by clear water quality ratio Add 2% sucrose, 0.9%NaCL, 20% potato juice, and raise temperature to 75 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C sterilizing 10 minutes after be cooled to 28 DEG C ~ 30℃；Five, the bletilla striata seeds after sterilizing are encased with filter cloth, puts into and pulls filter cloth bag out after being submerged 1 ~ 2 hour in seed soaking cylinder, put into In aquarium, the progress vernalization of 30 DEG C ~ 33 DEG C of keeping temperature, every 10 hours in pregermination procedure, seed is put into together with filter cloth bag Infiltrated once in seed soaking cylinder, then continue vernalization 3 ~ 4 days in playing back into aquarium；6th, the sand after high-temperature sterilization is divided in nothing On bacterium indoor floor, the bletilla striata seeds of vernalization point are spread on sand, the sand of one layer of 0.5 cm thick is spread on surface again, slightly Compacting, spray 0.5 urea sterilized solution and to water content 30%, bletilla striata seedling is grown after 8 ~ 10 days.

The bletilla striata high-efficiency seed reproduction technique invention beneficial effect be：Bletilla striata high-efficiency seed reproduction technique operated in breeding Take sterilizing program very strict in journey, used tincture of iodine sterilizing and ultraviolet disinfection, and control sterilization time and concentration, keep away The injury of Bactericidal medicine is exempted from；During vernalization, a small amount of sucrose, potato juice and sodium chloride are added in seed soaking, The shortcomings that bletilla striata seeds itself germination process supplements energy, and this is advantageous to overcome bletilla striata seeds itself germination energy deficiency；Utilize Fine sand supports base as cultivating seedling, sprays the urea solution of low concentration, bletilla striata seedling is normally grown.

Embodiment

Bletilla striata high-efficiency seed reproduction technique is by following step progress：First, instrument：Ultraviolet disinfection case, seed soaking cylinder, training Vatting, filter cloth, porcelain dish, fine sand, small spoon, and the sterilizing of above-mentioned instrument disinfection cabinet high temperature is standby；2nd, it is tincture of iodine cold water is dilute Release to concentration 1.2%, to take to sterilize 2 ~ 3 minutes in one spoonful of tincture of iodine for putting dilution into of bletilla striata seeds and pull out, after being cleaned up with cold water Spontaneously dry；3rd, dried seed is put into ultraviolet bacterium case, ultraviolet disinfection takes out after 10 ~ 12 minutes and is put in sterilizing In porcelain dish；4th, injected clear water is to 70% height in seed soaking cylinder, by clear water quality than adding 2% sucrose, 0.9%NaCL, 20% Ma Ling Potato juice, and raise after temperature sterilizes 10 minutes to 75 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C and be cooled to 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C；Five, the bletilla striata seeds after sterilizing are used Filter cloth encases, and puts into and pulls filter cloth bag out after being submerged 1 ~ 2 hour in seed soaking cylinder, puts into aquarium, 30 DEG C ~ 33 DEG C of keeping temperature is entered Row vernalization, every 10 hours in pregermination procedure, seed is put into seed soaking cylinder together with filter cloth bag and infiltrated once, then is played back into culture Continue vernalization 3 ~ 4 days in cylinder；6th, the sand after high-temperature sterilization is divided on sterile indoor floor, by the bletilla seed of vernalization Son point is spread on sand, and the sand of one layer of 0.5 cm thick is spread on surface again, is slightly compacted, and sprays 0.5% urea sterilized solution and to containing Water 30%, bletilla striata seedling is grown after 8 ~ 10 days.

Claims (1)

1. bletilla striata high-efficiency seed reproduction technique, it is characterized in that being carried out by following step：First, instrument：Ultraviolet disinfection case, seed soaking Cylinder, aquarium, filter cloth, porcelain dish, fine sand, small spoon, and the sterilizing of above-mentioned instrument disinfection cabinet high temperature is standby；2nd, by the tincture of iodine with cool Boiling water is diluted to concentration 1.2%, takes to sterilize 2 ~ 3 minutes in one spoonful of tincture of iodine for putting dilution into of bletilla striata seeds and pulls out, is cleaned with cold water Spontaneously dried after clean；3rd, dried seed is put into ultraviolet bacterium case, ultraviolet disinfection takes out after 10 ~ 12 minutes to be put In the porcelain dish that sterilizes；4th, seed soaking cylinder in injected clear water to 70% height, by clear water quality than add 2% sucrose, 0.9%NaCL, 20% potato juice, and raise after temperature sterilizes 10 minutes to 75 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C and be cooled to 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C；Five, will be white after sterilizing Splendid achnatherum seed is encased with filter cloth, is put into and is pulled filter cloth bag out after being submerged 1 ~ 2 hour in seed soaking cylinder, puts into aquarium, keeping temperature 30 DEG C ~ 33 DEG C of progress vernalization, every 10 hours in pregermination procedure, seed is put into seed soaking cylinder together with filter cloth bag and infiltrated once, then Continue vernalization 3 ~ 4 days in playing back into aquarium；6th, the sand after high-temperature sterilization is divided on sterile indoor floor, will urged The bletilla striata seeds of bud point are spread on sand, and the sand of one layer of 0.5 cm thick is spread on surface again, is slightly compacted, and 0.5% urea of sprinkling goes out Bacterium solution and to water content 30%.