CN104837390B - 柔软的热风穿透干燥的纸巾 - Google Patents

柔软的热风穿透干燥的纸巾 Download PDF

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CN104837390B
CN104837390B CN201380050572.4A CN201380050572A CN104837390B CN 104837390 B CN104837390 B CN 104837390B CN 201380050572 A CN201380050572 A CN 201380050572A CN 104837390 B CN104837390 B CN 104837390B
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K·拉玛拉特纳姆
B·T·米勒四世
S·E·海耶斯
J·E·西利二世
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Abstract

一种多层热风穿透干燥纸巾，包含作为湿部添加剂引入的内层，该内层具有离子型表面活性剂和非离子型表面活性剂。本发明的纸巾制造方法采用热风穿透干燥而不损害所得纸巾的柔软性和洁净能力。该方法能够避免与湿部添加剂相关的缺陷，特别是避免使用大量添加剂以便在成品纸巾上达到所需效果。本发明的多层热风穿透干燥纸巾包括第一外层、内层和第二外层，该内层包括包含离子型表面活性剂的第一湿部添加剂和包含非离子型表面活性剂的第二湿部添加剂。本发明提供的纸巾表现出改善的表面形貌，这可以提供改善的产品浓度和较少的缺陷，这些缺陷可能会导致断纸。纸巾的粗糙度可以通过平均主振幅和平均峰谷波度来表征。

Description

柔软的热风穿透干燥的纸巾
技术领域
本发明涉及纸巾，特别涉及包含湿部添加剂(web end additives)的多层纸巾。
背景技术
根据常规纸巾制造工艺，将纸浆混合物的浆料进料到流浆箱，在流浆箱中该混合物被铺设到成形表面上以形成幅材。该幅材随后使用压力和/或热干燥以形成成品纸巾。在干燥前，该浆料混合物被认为处于纸巾制造过程的“湿部”。可以在湿部中使用添加剂以赋予该纸巾特定的属性或化学状态。但是，在湿部使用添加剂存在某些缺点。例如，在纸浆混合物中可能需要大量添加剂以便在成品纸巾上达到所需效果，这反过来导致提高的成本，并且在湿部添加剂解胶剂(debonder)的情况下，实际上可能会降低纸巾强度。为了避免与湿部添加剂相关的缺陷，已经在幅材成型后局部加入试剂如软化剂。
该纸巾幅材可以通过将该幅材传送到成形表面上并随后将加热空气流引导至该幅材上来干燥。该过程称为热风穿透干燥(TAD)。当热风穿透干燥的纸巾与局部软化剂结合使用时，所得产品具有向下压紧(tamped down)或扁平的表面轮廓。扁平的表面轮廓反过来阻碍了该纸巾的洁净能力，并限制了软化剂的整体效力。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种纸巾制造方法，该方法采用热风穿透干燥而不损害所得纸巾的柔软性和洁净能力。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种纸巾制造方法，该方法避免与湿部添加剂相关的缺点，特别是避免使用大量添加剂以便在成品纸巾上达到所需效果。
本发明的示例性实施方案的多层热风穿透干燥纸巾包含第一外层、内层和第二外层。该内层包括包含离子型表面活性剂的第一湿部添加剂和包含非离子型表面活性剂的第二湿部添加剂。
本发明的另一示例性实施方案的多层热风穿透干燥纸巾包含基本由硬木纤维组成的第一外层、基本由软木纤维组成的内层和基本由硬木纤维组成的第二外层。该内层包括包含离子型表面活性剂的第一湿部添加剂和包含非离子型表面活性剂的第二湿部添加剂。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第一外层进一步包含湿部暂时性增湿强添加剂(temporary wet strength additive)。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第一外层进一步包含湿部增干强添加剂(drystrength additive)。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第二外层进一步包含湿部增干强添加剂。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第二湿部添加剂包含乙氧基化植物油。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第二湿部添加剂包含乙氧基化植物油的组合。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该纸巾中第二湿部添加剂对第一湿部添加剂的重量比为至少八比一。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第一内层中第二湿部添加剂对第一湿部添加剂的重量比为至多九十比一。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该纸巾具有至少90的柔软度(手感)。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该纸巾具有小于10TS7的层积柔软度(bulksoftness)。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该离子型表面活性剂包含解胶剂。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该纸巾具有至少35N/m的拉伸强度、至少90的柔软度和小于25gsm的纸张定量。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该纸巾具有至少35N/m的拉伸强度、至少90的柔软度和小于650微米的厚度(caliper)。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该湿部暂时性增湿强添加剂包含乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该湿部增干强添加剂包含两性淀粉。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第一外层进一步包含增干强添加剂。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第一和第二外层基本上不含任何表面沉积的软化剂或洗剂。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第一或第二外层中的至少之一包含表面沉积的软化剂或洗剂。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该纸巾具有至少95的柔软度。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该非离子型表面活性剂具有小于10、优选小于8.5的亲水亲油平衡值。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该纸巾可以具有至少95的柔软度。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该第一外层由至少75重量％的硬木纤维组成。
在至少一个示例性实施方案中，该内层由至少75重量％的软木纤维组成。
本发明的实施方案的其它特征与优点将由下面详述、附图和所附权利要求而容易地变得显而易见。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及由湿部添加的离子型表面活性剂与湿部添加的非离子型表面活性剂的组合制得的软纸巾。该纸巾可以由多个层组成，包括多个外层，和内层。在至少一个示例性实施方案中，单独制备各纸巾层的纸浆混合料。
图1显示了本发明的一个示例性实施方案的三层纸巾，通常以参照号1标记。该纸巾1具有外层2和4以及内部芯层3。外层2主要由硬木纤维20组成，而外层4和芯层3由硬木纤维20与软木纤维21的组合组成。内部芯层3包含充当解胶剂5的离子型表面活性剂和充当软化剂6的非离子型表面活性剂。如下文中更详细地解释的那样，外层2和4还包括在纸巾1成形过程中从内部芯层3迁移的非离子型表面活性剂。外层2进一步包括增干强添加剂7。外层4进一步包括增干强添加剂7与暂时性增湿强添加剂8。
用主要为硬木纤维的配浆(blend)制备用于该纸巾外层的纸浆混合料。例如，用于至少一个外层的纸浆混合料是含有基于构成该配浆的纤维的总百分比为大约70％或更多的硬木纤维的配浆。作为进一步的实例，用于至少一个外层的纸浆混合料是含有基于构成该配浆的纤维的总百分比为大约90-100％的硬木纤维的配浆。
用主要为软木纤维的配浆制备用于该纸巾内层的纸浆混合料。例如，用于内层的纸浆混合料是含有基于构成该配浆的纤维的总百分比为大约70％或更多的软木纤维的配浆。作为进一步的实例，用于内层的纸浆混合料是含有基于构成该配浆的纤维的总百分比为大约90-100％的软木纤维的配浆。
如本领域已知的那样，对纸浆混合料施以稀释阶段，在该阶段中，向该混合料中加入水以形成浆料。在稀释阶段之后，但是在到达流浆箱之前，将各纸浆混合料脱水以获得水为大约95％的浓浆(thick stock)。在本发明的一个示例性实施方案中，将湿部添加剂引入到至少该内层的浓浆纸浆混合料中。在一个示例性实施方案中，将非离子型表面活性剂与离子型表面活性剂添加到内层的纸浆混合料中。合适的非离子型表面活性剂具有小于10，优选小于或等于8.5的亲水亲油平衡值。一种示例性非离子型表面活性剂是乙氧基化植物油或两种或更多种乙氧基化植物油的组合。其它示例性非离子型表面活性剂包括脂肪醇的环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷的加合物；烷基糖苷酯和烷基乙氧基化酯。
合适的离子型表面活性剂包括但不限于季胺和阳离子磷脂。示例性的离子型表面活性剂是1,2-二(十七烷基)-3-甲基-4,5-二氢咪唑-3-鎓甲基硫酸盐。其它示例性离子型表面活性剂包括(2-羟基乙基)甲基双[2-[(1-氧代十八烷基)氧基]乙基]铵甲基硫酸盐、脂肪二烷基胺季盐、单脂肪烷基叔胺盐、不饱和的脂肪烷基胺盐、直链烷基磺酸盐、烷基-苯磺酸盐和三甲基-3-[(1-氧代十八烷基)氨基]丙基铵甲基硫酸盐。
在一个示例性实施方案中，该离子型表面活性剂可以充当解胶剂，而该非离子型表面活性剂充当软化剂。通常，解胶剂通过破坏纤维之间的键合起作用以提供柔韧性，但是不想要的副作用是通过过度暴露于解胶剂可能会降低该纸巾的整体强度。典型的解胶剂是季胺化合物如三甲基椰油基氯化铵、三甲基油基氯化铵、二甲基二(氢化牛油)氯化铵和三甲基硬脂基氯化铵。
在添加到内层中之后，该非离子型表面活性剂(充当软化剂)迁移穿过该纸巾的其它层，而该离子型表面活性剂(充当解胶剂)在该内层中保持相对固定。由于解胶剂基本上保留在该纸巾的内层中，更柔软的硬木纤维(如果用解胶剂处理可能缺乏足够的拉伸强度)可用于该外层。此外，由于仅处理该纸巾的内部，与使用解胶剂处理整个纸巾时相比需要较少的解胶剂。
在一个示例性实施方案中，添加到用于该纸巾内层的纸浆混合料中的离子型表面活性剂对非离子型表面活性剂的比为1:4至1:90重量份，优选大约1:8重量份。特别地，当该离子型表面活性剂是季胺解胶剂时，降低相对于非离子型表面活性剂的量的浓度会获得改善的纸巾。过量的解胶剂，特别是当作为湿部添加剂引入时，会削弱该纸巾，而不足量的解胶剂无法提供具有足够的柔韧性的纸巾。由于非离子型表面活性剂迁移到该纸巾的外层，在实际的纸巾中芯层中离子型表面活性剂对非离子型表面活性剂的比与纸浆混合料相比可能显著更低。
在一个示例性实施方案中，向用于至少一个外层的浓浆混合料中添加增干强添加剂。该增干强添加剂可以是例如两性淀粉，以大约1至40千克/吨加入。在另一示例性实施方案中，向用于至少一个外层的浓浆混合料中添加增湿强添加剂。该增湿强添加剂可以是例如乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺，通常称为GPAM，以大约0.25至5千克/吨加入。在进一步的示例性实施方案中，向外层之一中加入增干强添加剂(优选两性淀粉)和增湿强添加剂(优选GPAM)。不受理论的束缚，据信当作为湿部添加剂加入时在单一层中两性淀粉与GPAM的组合在成品纸巾的强度方面提供了协同效应。其它示例性的暂时性增湿强剂包括与任意上述化合物组合使用的醛官能化阳离子淀粉、醛官能化聚丙烯酰胺、丙烯醛共聚物和顺式-羟基多糖(瓜尔胶和刺槐豆胶)。
除了两性淀粉之外，合适的增干强添加剂可以包括但不限于乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺、阳离子淀粉、羧甲基纤维素、瓜尔胶、刺槐豆胶、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺或其组合。
根据本发明的一个示例性实施方案，图4是制造纸巾的系统的框图，通常以参照号100标记。该系统100包括第一外层冲浆泵102、芯层冲浆泵104、第二外层冲浆泵106、流浆箱108、成形工段110、干燥工段112和压光工段114。第一和第二外层冲浆泵102、106将第一和第二外层2、4的纸浆混合料输送至流浆箱108，芯层冲浆泵104将芯层3的纸浆混合料输送至流浆箱108。如本领域已知的那样，流浆箱将纸浆的湿纸幅输送到成形工段110中的成形网上。该湿纸幅铺设在成形网上，且芯层3安置在第一和第二外层2、4之间。
在成形工段110中成形后，将部分脱水的纸幅传送至干燥工段112。在干燥工段112中，可以使用常规热风穿透干燥法干燥本发明的纸巾。在一个示例性实施方案中，使用由芬兰赫尔辛基的Metso Coporation制造的热风穿透干燥机将本发明的纸巾干燥至大约7至20％的湿度。在本发明的另一示例性实施方案中，串联使用两个或更多个热风穿透干燥阶段。不被理论束缚，据信使用多个干燥阶段改善了纸巾中的均匀性，由此减少了撕裂。
在一个示例性实施方案中，在热风穿透干燥工艺的过程中将本发明的纸巾图案化。此类图案化可以通过使用TAD织物，如G-编织(Prolux 003)或M-编织(Prolux 005)TAD织物来实现。
在热风穿透干燥阶段后，本发明的纸巾可以在第二阶段中使用Yankee干燥鼓进一步干燥。在一个示例性实施方案中，在该纸巾接触该鼓之前将起皱粘合剂(crepingadhesive)施加到该鼓上。随后用起皱刮刀将该纸巾从Yankee干燥鼓上移除。该纸巾随后可以在后继阶段中在压光工段11中压光。根据一个示例性实施方案，可以使用多个压光辊(未显示)实施压光，所述压光辊输送0-100磅/线性英寸(PLI)的压光压力。通常，提高的压光压力与降低的厚度和更光滑的纸巾表面相关。
根据本发明的一个示例性实施方案，陶瓷涂布的起皱刮刀用于从Yankee干燥鼓上移除该纸巾。陶瓷涂布的起皱刮刀可以减少粘合剂累积，并有助于实现更高的运行速度。不被理论束缚，据信起皱刮刀的陶瓷涂层比金属起皱刮刀提供粘性更低的表面，并更耐受边缘磨损(这会导致粘合剂积累的局部斑点)。陶瓷起皱刮刀允许使用更大量的起皱粘合剂，这反过来提供了改进的片材完整性和更快的运行速度。
除了使用湿部添加剂之外，还可以用局部或表面沉积的添加剂来处理本发明的纸巾。表面沉积的添加剂的实例包括用于提高纤维柔软度的软化剂和皮肤洗剂。局部软化剂的实例包括但不限于季铵化合物，包括但不限于二烷基二甲基铵盐(例如二牛油基二甲基氯化铵、二牛油基二甲基甲基硫酸铵、二(氢化牛油基)二甲基氯化铵等等)。另一类化学软化剂包括公知的有机反应性聚二甲基硅氧烷成分，包括氨基官能化聚二甲基硅氧烷，硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸铝、硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、鲸蜡和甾醇油。
使用下列测试方法测定本发明的纸巾的柔软度(即手感(HF))、厚度和拉伸强度的下述值：
柔软度测试
纸巾片的柔软度可以使用可获自德国莱比锡的emtec Electronic GmbH的纸巾柔软度分析仪(TSA)来测定。冲头用于从该片材中切割三个100cm2的圆形样品。将样品之一装载到TSA中，yankee一侧向上。样品夹持就位并从TSA所显示的可用柔软度测试算法列表中选择TPII算法。在输入样品参数后，运行TSA测量程序。对剩余样品重复测试过程，并对所有样品的结果取平均值。
厚度测试
由NJ西柏林的Thwing Albert制造的Thwing-Albert ProGage 100测厚仪用于该厚度测试。从基底片材上切割八个100毫米×100毫米的正方形样品。各样品在其自身上折叠，粗糙层(通常对应为空气层)朝自身对折。样品随后单独进行测试，结果取平均以获得基底片材的厚度结果。
拉伸强度测试
由MA，Norwood的Instron制造的Instron 3343拉力试验机(具有100牛顿测力传感器(load cell)和25.4毫米橡胶涂布的颚板面)用于拉伸强度测量。在测量前，将该Instron3343拉力试验机校准。在校准后，提供各自为1英寸×8英寸的8个条带作为受试样品。样品条带之一放置在上颚板面与夹具之间，随后放置在下颚板面与夹具之间。对样品条带进行拉伸试验。重复测试程序，直到所有样品都进行了测试。将八个样品条带获得的值取平均以确定该纸巾的拉伸强度。
本发明的示例性实施方案的纸巾与常规纸巾相比具有改善的柔软度。具体而言，本发明的纸巾可能具有至少90的柔软度或手感(HF)。在另一示例性实施方案中，本发明的纸巾可能具有至少95的柔软度。
在另一示例性实施方案中，该纸巾具有小于10TS7的层积柔软度(如通过TSA检测)。在一个示例性实施方案中，本发明的纸巾还具有小于22克/平方米的各层纸张定量。对此类柔软的薄纸巾，可以确定初始处理条件以使得具有1.5至5％的水分含量。
在另一示例性实施方案中，本发明的纸巾具有至少17克/平方米、更优选至少20克/平方米和最优选至少22克/平方米的各层纸张定量。
本发明的示例性实施方案的纸巾与常规纸巾相比具有与改善的柔软度和/或更低的纸张定量或厚度结合的良好拉伸强度。不被理论束缚，据信本发明的方法使得该纸巾能够保持更高的强度，同时仍具有优异的柔软度，而无需提高该纸巾的厚度或重量。具体而言，本发明的纸巾可以具有改善的柔软度和/或强度，同时具有小于650微米的厚度。
本发明的示例性实施方案的纸巾具有改善的柔软度与表面特征高度一致的组合。图2显示了不含局部添加剂的本发明的示例性实施方案的纸巾表面的显微照片，图3显示了具有扁平的表面纹理的常规热风穿透干燥纸巾表面的显微照片。图2的纸巾在其表面形貌方面具有高均匀度，具有规则间隔的特征，而图3的纸巾具有扁平的区域和不均匀的形貌。
本发明的纸巾还可以压光或用局部软化剂处理以改变表面形貌。在示例性实施方案中，可以通过压光或经使用局部软化剂使表面形貌更光滑。还可以经由微织构化(microtexturing)使该表面形貌更粗糙。
提供下列实施例以进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
用三层流浆箱和005Albany TAD织物制造热风穿透干燥纸巾。至流浆箱各层的流为总片材的大约33％。成品纸巾的三个层由顶至底标记为空气层、芯层和干燥层。空气层是放置在TAD织物上的外层，干燥层是最接近Yankee干燥机表面的外层，且芯层是该纸巾的中心部分。制得空气层中具有45％的桉树纤维、芯层中具有50％的桉树纤维和干燥层中具有100％的桉树纤维的纸巾。对所有样品在冲浆泵之前通过向浓浆中添加苛性碱将流浆箱的pH控制为7.0。
卷大小为大约10,000米长。通过检测每10,000米线性(MD-纵向)片材运行的片材中的断裂数来测定每卷的断纸数。
通过以下方法制造实施例1的纸巾：向空气层中添加暂时性增湿强添加剂Hercobond 1194(Ashland,500Hercules Road,Wilmington DE,19808)，将75％份增干强添加剂Redibond 2038(Corn Products,10Finderne Avenue,Bridgewater,New Jersey08807)添加至空气层，将25％份添加至干燥层中，并将软化剂/解胶剂T526(EKA ChemicalsInc.,1775West Oak Commons Court,Marietta,GA,30062)组合添加到芯层中。该T526是软化剂/解胶剂组合，其季胺浓度低于20％。
实施例2
用与实施例1相同的条件制造实施例2，但是改变化学品添加速率。具体而言，增干强添加剂(Redibond 2038)的量由5.0千克/吨提高至10.0千克/吨，软化剂/解胶剂(T526)的量由2.0千克/吨提高至3.6千克/吨。
实施例3
用与实施例1相同的条件制造实施例3，不同的是将T526添加到干燥层中。
实施例4
用与实施例1相同的条件制造实施例4，不同的是向芯层中加入具有高季胺浓度(>20％)的解胶剂。该解胶剂是F509HA(由EKA Chemicals Inc.制造,1775West Oak CommonsCourt,Marietta,GA,30062)。
对比例1
用与实施例1相同的条件制造对比例1，不同的是不使用湿部添加剂。
表1显示了实施例1-4和对比例1的TAD基底片材的性能数据和化学品剂量信息。各实施例的纸张定量(BW)为大约20.7GSM。
表1
1.所有HF值来自干燥侧表面朝上的单层基底片材样品。
2.基底片材单层数据。
3.后转化的双层受试产品。
与对比例1相比，实施例1和2具有高得多的手感(HF)以及较低的掉毛值和改善的机械效率。要注意的是，对于实施例1和2实现了这些改善的参数，同时保持与对比例1相同的片材MD/CD拉伸范围。实施例1的湿部化学添加剂显著改善了产品的柔软度。实施例2是对实施例1的进一步改进，具有降低的掉毛值。通过提高Redibond 2038与T526的剂量来实现实施例2中的这种改进。
当向干燥层中添加软化剂/解胶剂(实施例3)时和当向芯层中添加具有更高季胺浓度的纸巾解胶剂(实施例4)时，通过TSA测定的柔软度显著降低。优选的选择是向芯层中添加软化剂/解胶剂的组合，这使得软化剂能够迁移至表面层，并调节干燥层中的化学粘接以控制产品的掉毛水平(实施例1)。
本发明的纸巾还表现出改善的表面形貌，这可以提供改善的产品浓度(consistency)和较少的缺陷(否则可能导致断纸)。具体而言，纸巾的粗糙度可以使用两个值来表征：Pa(平均主振幅)和Wc(平均峰谷波度)。Pa是通常使用的粗糙度参数，并计算为各粗糙度轮廓点与中线之间的平均距离。Wc计算为相对于中线的平均峰高度加平均谷深度(均取做正值)。如下文中更详细地描述的那样，测量出本发明的纸巾具有与常规TAD纸巾产品相比较低和相对均匀的Pa和Wc值。
使用下列测试方法测定本发明的纸巾的Pa和Wc的如下值：
Pa和Wc值测试
制备各待测试的纸巾的十个样品，各样品为10厘米×10厘米的条带。安装各样品并与重物保持就位。各样品放置到可获自Mahr Federal Instruments ofGermany的Marsurf GD 120轮廓曲线仪(profilometer)中并在CD方向上取向。5微米尖端用于该轮廓曲线仪。每个样品在该轮廓曲线仪上运行二十次扫描(10次在向前方向上，10次在向后方向上)。在扫描前将样品转动180℃来进行反向扫描。各次扫描覆盖30毫米的长度。随后将收集的表面形貌数据传送至运行OmniSurf分析软件的计算机，该软件可获自Columbus,IN,USA的Digital Metrology Solutions,Inc。该OmniSurf软件的粗糙度轮廓设置设定为25微米的短滤波器低量程和0.8毫米的短滤波器高量程。该OmniSurf软件的弯曲轮廓设置设定为0.8毫米的低量程。对各样品而言，通过OmniSurf软件计算Pa(平均主振幅)和Wc(平均峰谷波度)的值。将所有二十次扫描的Pa和Wc的计算值取平均以获得各纸巾样品的Pa和Wc值。还计算了单个样品Pa和Wc值的标准偏差。
提供下列实施例以进一步说明本发明。
实施例5
制造两个层，各层相当于实施例1中形成的三层结构。这两个层随后一起压花以形成成品纸巾产品。
对比例2
如实施例5中那样制造两个层并一起压花，不同的是不使用湿部添加剂。
表2显示了几种商品、实施例5和对比例2与3的Pa和Pa标准偏差。
表2
表3显示了几种商品、实施例5和对比例2的Wc和Wc标准偏差。
表3
表1和2显示了本发明的纸巾与市售产品以及并未用湿部添加剂制得的类似纸巾产品相比改善的表面粗糙度特性。具体而言，本发明的各示例性实施方案的纸巾具有140或更低、更优选135或更低的平均Wc值，Wc标准偏差(即波纹均匀度)为27或更低。此外，本发明的各示例性实施方案的纸巾具有50或更低的平均Pa值，Wc标准偏差(即振幅均匀度)为8或更低。
如本领域已知那样，在幅材成型生产线的末端处或接近幅材成型生产线的末端处对该纸巾幅材施以转换过程以改善幅材的特性和/或将幅材转换为成品。在转换生产线上，该纸巾幅材可以是未卷绕的、印刷的、印花的和重新卷绕的。根据本发明的示例性实施方案，可以在压花工段之前用电晕放电处理转换生产线上的纸幅。这种处理可以施加到顶层和/或底层上。纳米纤维素纤维(NCF)、纳米结晶纤维素(NCC)、微原纤化纤维素(MCF)和其它成型的天然纤维与合成纤维可以在电晕处理后立即用鼓风机系统吹到该纸幅上。这使得该纳米纤维能够通过静电相互作用吸附到该纸幅上。
如所讨论的那样，根据本发明的示例性实施方案，将解胶剂添加到至少该内层中作为湿部添加剂。该解胶剂向成品制品产品提供柔韧性。但是，该解胶剂也降低了该纸巾幅材的强度，这有时可能会导致在制造过程中的断纸。该纸巾幅材的相对柔软度导致了在重新卷绕过程(必须进行该过程以纠正断纸)中的低效率。因此，如图4中所示，在本发明的示例性实施方案中，使用转换阀120控制作为湿部添加剂的解胶剂向该内层的输送。特别地，当使用例如常规断纸检测传感器检测到断纸时，可以控制该转换阀120以防止进一步输送解胶剂。这在待再卷绕的纸巾幅材的该部分导致较低的柔韧性和提高的强度，由此能够进行更有效的再卷绕过程。一旦再卷绕过程完成，该转换阀可以打开以连续输送该解胶剂。
除了使用断纸检测传感器之外，还可以在换卷过程中控制该转换阀120，由此可以将该纸巾幅材从一个卷转移至另一个卷。该换卷过程可以在该纸巾幅材上产生比正常操作更高的应力，由此提高了断纸的机会。在换卷前将该转换阀120关闭，由此提高该纸巾幅材的强度。在该纸巾幅材已经开始在新卷上卷绕时，再次打开该转换阀120。所得基底片材的卷由此在该卷的中心处具有一段更高强度的纸巾幅材，并可以在该卷的外侧具有一段更高强度的纸巾。在精整过程中，更高强度纸巾的外部段被去除和循环。更高强度纸巾的内部段不用于制造成品纸巾。因此，仅有含解胶剂的基底纸巾卷的那部分用于制造成品纸巾。
现在已经显示并详细描述了本发明的实施方案，对其进行的各种修改与改进将对本领域技术人员变得显而易见。因此，本发明的精神与范围应被广义地解释，而不限于前面的说明书。

Claims (55)

1.一种多层热风穿透干燥纸巾，包含：
第一外层；
内层；和
第二外层，
其中该内层包括：
包含离子型表面活性剂的第一湿部添加剂；和
包含非离子型表面活性剂的第二湿部添加剂；
其中所述离子型表面活性剂充当解胶剂并且基本上包含在所述内层中。
2.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层进一步包含湿部暂时性增湿强添加剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层进一步包含湿部增干强添加剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的纸巾，其中该第二外层进一步包含湿部增干强添加剂。
5.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第二湿部添加剂包含乙氧基化植物油。
6.如权利要求5所述的纸巾，其中该第二湿部添加剂包含乙氧基化植物油的组合。
7.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该纸巾中第二湿部添加剂对第一湿部添加剂的重量比为至少八比一。
8.如权利要求7所述的纸巾，其中第一内层中第二湿部添加剂对第一湿部添加剂的重量比为至多九十比一。
9.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，具有至少90的柔软度。
10.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，具有小于10TS7的层积柔软度。
11.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该离子型表面活性剂包含解胶剂。
12.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，具有至少35N/m的拉伸强度、至少90的柔软度和小于25gsm的纸张定量。
13.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，具有至少35N/m的拉伸强度、至少90的柔软度和小于650微米的厚度。
14.如权利要求2所述的纸巾，其中该湿部暂时性增湿强添加剂包含乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺。
15.如权利要求3所述的纸巾，其中该湿部增干强添加剂包含两性淀粉。
16.如权利要求4所述的纸巾，其中该湿部增干强添加剂包含两性淀粉。
17.如权利要求2所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层进一步包含湿部增干强添加剂。
18.如权利要求17所述的纸巾，其中该湿部暂时性增湿强添加剂包含乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺并且该湿部增干强添加剂包含两性淀粉。
19.如权利要求2所述的纸巾，其中该第二外层进一步包含暂时性增湿强添加剂。
20.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层进一步包含增干强添加剂。
21.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第一和第二外层不含任何表面沉积的软化剂或洗剂。
22.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第一或第二外层中的至少之一包含表面沉积的软化剂或洗剂。
23.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，具有至少95的柔软度。
24.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该非离子型表面活性剂具有小于10的亲水亲油平衡值。
25.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层或第二外层中的至少之一构成平均峰谷波度为140或更小的纸巾外表面。
26.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层或第二外层中的至少之一构成波纹均匀度为27或更小的纸巾外表面。
27.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层或第二外层中的至少之一构成平均主振幅为50或更小的纸巾外表面。
28.如权利要求1所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层或第二外层中的至少之一构成振幅均匀度为8或更小的纸巾外表面。
29.一种多层热风穿透干燥纸巾，包含：
由硬木纤维组成的第一外层；
由软木纤维组成的内层；和
由硬木纤维组成的第二外层，其中该内层包括：
包含离子型表面活性剂的第一湿部添加剂；和
包含非离子型表面活性剂的第二湿部添加剂；
其中所述离子型表面活性剂充当解胶剂并且基本上包含在所述内层中。
30.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层进一步包含湿部暂时性增湿强添加剂。
31.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该第二外层进一步包含湿部增干强添加剂。
32.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层进一步包含湿部增干强添加剂。
33.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该第一湿部添加剂包含乙氧基化植物油。
34.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该纸巾中第二湿部添加剂对第一湿部添加剂的重量比为至少八比一。
35.如权利要求34所述的纸巾，其中第一内层中第二湿部添加剂对第一湿部添加剂的重量比为至多九十比一。
36.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，具有至少90的柔软度。
37.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，具有小于10TS7的层积柔软度。
38.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该离子型表面活性剂包含解胶剂。
39.如权利要求33所述的纸巾，其中该第一湿部添加剂包含乙氧基化植物油的组合。
40.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，具有至少35N/m的拉伸强度、至少90的柔软度和小于25gsm的纸张定量。
41.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，具有至少35N/m的拉伸强度、至少90的柔软度和小于650微米的厚度。
42.如权利要求30所述的纸巾，其中该湿部暂时性增湿强添加剂包含乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺。
43.如权利要求31所述的纸巾，其中该湿部增干强添加剂包含两性淀粉。
44.如权利要求32所述的纸巾，其中该湿部增干强添加剂包含两性淀粉。
45.如权利要求30所述的纸巾，其中该第二外层进一步包含湿部增干强添加剂。
46.如权利要求45所述的纸巾，其中该湿部暂时性增湿强添加剂包含乙二醛化聚丙烯酰胺并且该湿部增干强添加剂包含两性淀粉。
47.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层由至少75重量％的硬木纤维组成。
48.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该内层由至少75重量％的软木纤维组成。
49.如权利要求30所述的纸巾，其中该第二外层进一步包含暂时性增湿强添加剂。
50.如权利要求30所述的纸巾，其中该第二外层进一步包含增干强添加剂。
51.如权利要求30所述的纸巾，其中该第一外层进一步包含增干强添加剂。
52.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该第一和第二外层不含任何表面沉积的软化剂或洗剂。
53.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该第一或第二外层中的至少之一包含表面沉积的软化剂或洗剂。
54.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，具有至少95的柔软度。
55.如权利要求29所述的纸巾，其中该非离子型表面活性剂具有小于10的亲水亲油平衡值。
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US20170167082A1 (en) 2017-06-15
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US20190063002A1 (en) 2019-02-28
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