CN104756935A - Organic matrix fish and vegetable disjunctive symbiosis mixed planting and breeding system - Google Patents
Organic matrix fish and vegetable disjunctive symbiosis mixed planting and breeding system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an organic matrix fish and vegetable disjunctive symbiosis mixed planting and breeding system. The system comprises an aquatic breeding area, a matrix processing area and a planting area, wherein the aquatic breeding area comprises a fish pond, a multistage precipitation separation device and a nitration bed; breeding waste water in the fish pond enters the multistage precipitation separation device and is filtered; precipitated and separated solid organic matter enters the matrix processing area and is processed; filtered clear water enters the nitration bed for nitrating treatment; the clear water subjected to nitrating treatment of the nitration bed flows into the fish pond and the planting area; planting matrix produced in the matrix processing area enters the planting area; after the planting period is ended, waste planting matrix produced in the planting area is discharged into the matrix processing area again for treatment. By adopting the system, the yield and quality of plant cultivation are improved, the problems of too high nutrition concentration and salt enrichment of water in the aquatic breeding system are solved, the investment cost of nitration matrix is lowered, the construction cost of the fish and vegetable symbiosis system is lowered, and the sustainable developing aquatic breeding and planting production mode is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture and agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of mixed planting cultivating system of organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis.
Background technology
Many employing substitute mode process breeding wastewaters the single aquaculture of tradition (as fresh-water fishes, shrimp, crab cultivation), direct efflux wastewater causes the pollution to environment, does not meet the environmental requirement of sustainable development.If arrange outer after carrying out process to breeding wastewater or recycle, then corresponding environmental protection equipment facility cost drops into higher, does not meet the needs of low-cost production.Tradition soilless culture plantation (as vegetables, melon and fruit, flower planting) such as organic ecological soilless culture is main mainly with disposable simple irrigation, and water is only limitted to supply plantation and irrigates and use, and purposes is single and can not reach efficiency utilization.
Given this, someone proposes the mode (hereinafter referred to as " traditional fish and vegetable symbiotic ") of fish and vegetable symbiotic, adopt the water system of closed cycle, aquaculture and planting are combined, the nutrition utilizing the organic matter in breeding wastewater (as fish excrement, food-residue etc.) to produce, is supplied to needed for planting, and plant has purified the waste water of aquaculture while absorption nutrition, water purification again by circulating reflux to culturing pool, form closed cycle purification plantation culturing symbiosis system.The mode of tradition fish and vegetable symbiotic, main employing carries out closed cycle to organic impurities in aquiculture waste water (as fish excrement, food-residue etc.), is back to fishpond again by filter bed, nitriary, implant bed.The microorganism in the nitrated matrix such as the stone in nitriary, haydite, volcanic rock is utilized to carry out biochemical treatment to these organic impurities, by produce in organic substance decomposing to fish have compared with high toxicity ammoniacal nitrogen be converted into low toxicity nitrate nitrogen and and then form the nutrients such as Nitrates, again by planting in nitrated matrix (or carrying out the plantation of floating bed water planting by kickboard), reach whereby and utilize plant to be absorbed by nitrate to form the Fertilizer nutrient of dish.In theory, traditional fish and vegetable symbiotic is by the nutriment in plant absorption water, and aquiculture waste water obtains purification, ensure that the life security of aquatic products, waste water is the nutrition that plant provides growth simultaneously, finally defines the Mutualism relation of aquatic products and plant, i.e. fish and vegetable symbiotic.
But in the actual production of traditional fish and vegetable symbiotic is used, find following defect, to breed fish and to plant vegetables:
1) in closed circuit water system, fish is different with the demand of dish to the nutrient enrichment degree formed in water system, fish and dish is caused to produce implacable ecological contradiction, that is: if using water body electric conductivity value in system as the reference value of water nutrition degree, then for dish, in water, nutrients needs to reach higher electric conductivity value and just can meet growth needs; And for fish, if the electric conductivity value of water is too high in system, fish diseases or death can be caused; In actual production practice, if meet vegetables growth to improve water nutrition degree, then can cause fish diseases and death; If meet Fish Survival needs and reduce water nutrition degree, then the growth of dish can be had a strong impact on, and excessive by artificial adjustment operation easier, and cost is higher, and security of system is not high, thus forms fish and the implacable ecological contradiction of dish;
2) vegetables (plant) have the effect of moisture transpiration in process of growth, and in general planting, vegetable moisture supplies management requires comparatively tight, can carry out artificial weight feed, thus reach the object of water saving according to different periods, different demands; And when vegetables and fish are in same closed cycle water system, intrasystem moisture undyingly can be carried out transpiration by dish, cause non-essential moisture loss, the using water wisely object of traditional fish and vegetable symbiotic solutions anticipates can not be reached on the contrary;
3) in traditional fish and vegetable symbiotic system, multiple composite salt is produced after organic substance decomposing, and can only be accounted for a part wherein by vegetables (plant) as the salt of absorption of nutrient ingredients, this just causes the complex salt of some kind still can stay constantly enrichment in system, the water eutrophication degree that final formation is too high, makes fish and dish all suffer damage.
Except above 3 major defects, tradition fish and vegetable symbiotic also exist fish and dish to outside requirement for environmental conditions difference (as to ambient lighting, environmental temperature etc.), nitrated substrates quantity greatly, fish and vegetable symbiotic system constructing high in cost of production problem, traditional fish and vegetable symbiotic mode is caused cannot really to realize its theory expectation in actual production, effective product yield and quality cannot be formed, more cannot carry out real production practices and popularization.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mixed planting cultivating system avoiding occurring the organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis of above-mentioned technological deficiency.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A mixed planting cultivating system for organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis, comprises aquaculture district, matrix treatments district and growing area, wherein: described aquaculture district comprises fishpond, multi stage precipitation separator and nitriary; Breeding wastewater in described fishpond enters described multi stage precipitation separator and filters, the solid organic matters precipitated and isolated enters matrix treatments district and processes, clear water after filtration enters described nitriary and carries out nitrated process, and the water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary flows into described fishpond and described growing area respectively; The planting matrix that described matrix treatments district produces enters described growing area, and after terminating planting season, the waste and old planting matrix that described growing area produces enters matrix treatments district again and processes.
Further, also comprise worm culture zone, chicken culture zone and apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection, wherein: the worm excrement that described worm culture zone produces enters matrix treatments district and processes; Described worm culture zone provides fish meal for described fishpond; Described worm culture zone provides chicken feed for described chicken culture zone; Water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary is via being supplied to described chicken culture zone after apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection disinfection; The chicken manure that described chicken culture zone produces enters described matrix treatments district and processes.
Further, described fishpond replaces with views and admires fish jar, described growing area replaces with plantation frame, described multi stage precipitation separator replaces with precipitation separation device, wherein: described in the breeding wastewater viewed and admired in fish jar enter described precipitation separation device and filter, the solid organic matters precipitated and isolated enters matrix treatments district and processes, and the clear water after filtration enters described nitriary and carries out nitrated process, views and admires fish jar and described plantation frame described in the water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary flows into respectively; The planting matrix that described matrix treatments district produces enters described plantation frame, and after terminating planting season, the waste and old planting matrix that described plantation frame produces enters matrix treatments district again and processes.
Further, also comprise LED kind and plant lamp group, for providing artificially feed to plantation frame.
The mixed planting cultivating system of organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis provided by the invention adopts modularization, the design concept of interface, cultivating system is separated with implant system, form the module of relatively independent operation, and utilize interface mode to carry out the docking of intermodule, each plantation is cultivated between module and forms mutualism relation, turn avoid the generation of ecological contradiction between each module simultaneously, that is: organic substrate is utilized to carry out growing vegetables, utilize isolated by filtration, nitrated process, open circuit circulation carries out aquaculture, and utilize aquaculture replacing water to carry out the irrigation of vegetables, the organic matter (fish excrement and food-residue etc.) filtered to isolate is utilized to substitute or supplement the interpolation of organic Medium Culture fertilizer, the fish and vegetable symbiotic realized truly is mutually beneficial, ensure aquatic products and plant the high-quality of product, high yield.
The Advantageous Effects that the present invention reaches is: the seed output and quality that 1) improve planting (as veterinary antibiotics, flowers etc.), reaches the output suitable with main flow soilless culture, realizes high-quality, the high yield of long-term cropping; 2) solve the problem of the too high and salt enrichment of the nutrient concentration of water in aquaculture system, improve cultivate water, make aquaculture safer, achieve aquatic product quality and output promotes; 3) decrease nitriary construction scale, reduce the input cost of nitrated matrix, reduce fish and vegetable symbiotic system constructing cost; 4) by organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis, achieve the ecosystem of fish and vegetable symbiotic mutual benefit truly, improve the availability of water, achieve " multi-purpose water ", and reduce damage by water consumption, achieve the outer row of breeding wastewater zero; 5) replace organic commercial fertilizer to cultivate organic waste (ight soil, food-residue etc.), reduce the input cost of fertilizer in planting process, plantation fertilizer all can be provided by system self; 6) provide the producing feasibility scheme of organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis, achieve aquatic products and the plant development pattern of sustainable development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the third embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
The first embodiment as shown in Figure 1, a kind of mixed planting cultivating system of organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis, comprises aquaculture district, matrix treatments district and growing area, wherein: described aquaculture district comprises fishpond, multi stage precipitation separator and nitriary; Organic substrate can be added in described matrix treatments district; Breeding wastewater in described fishpond enters described multi stage precipitation separator and filters, the solid organic matters (as fish ight soil, food-residue etc.) precipitated and isolated enters in the middle of organic substrate that matrix treatments district joins as fertilizer in matrix treatments district and carries out carrying out a biological disposal upon and compost fermentation, produces the planting matrix of plantation; Clear water after filtration enters described nitriary and carries out nitrated process, and the water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary flows into fishpond, also can flow into described growing area; The planting matrix that described matrix treatments district produces enters described growing area, the soilless culture plantation carrying out plant (veterinary antibiotics and flowers etc.) produces plantation product, water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary simultaneously also as plantation water, according to planting need plant is irrigated; After terminating planting season, the waste and old planting matrix that described growing area produces enters matrix treatments district again, again carries out compost fermentation and biological treatment, form new planting matrix, recycle with the solid organic matters precipitated and isolated from breeding wastewater; The new water of outer benefit can be added in fishpond, with the water consumption in supplementary fishpond and growing area; Also can supplement organic substrate in addition in matrix treatments district, organic substrate is initial stage disposable input mainly, and the later stage can be recycled, and carries out suitably supplementing depending on loss situation.Because have employed the design concept of modularization, interface, the mode that organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis Plant-culture system of the present invention realizes in productive life is flexible and changeable, may be used on going in the plantation of multi-form, different scales, cultivating system, except above introduce based on except the plantation of the scale of fish dish, aquaculture model, can also according to actual needs with fish dish module for the external expansion extension of module of main body, form comparatively complicated comprehensive plantation, breeding ecological cogeneration system.
The second embodiment as shown in Figure 2, on the basis of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1, adds worm culture zone, chicken culture zone and apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection, wherein: the worm excrement that described worm culture zone produces enters matrix treatments district and processes; Described worm culture zone can provide fish meal for described fishpond; Described worm culture zone can provide chicken feed for described chicken culture zone; Water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary is via being supplied to described chicken culture zone after apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection disinfection; The chicken manure that described chicken culture zone produces enters described matrix treatments district and processes.Second embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, adds worm excrement and chicken manure in the kind of fertilizer, the kind of fertilizer is obtained abundant.And insects cultivation also creates and can supply the chicken feed of chicken cultivation and the fish meal of aquaculture while improving biological treatment organic substrate ability, these are all high-quality feed of animal origin, not only can reduce the feed input cost of cultivation, even independently can carry out sale increment as commercial feed.In addition, original organic substrate process is also because improve disposal ability and efficiency adding of worm culture zone.After new module adds, while product category increases, the interface that can form Mutualism also increases thereupon, create the resultant effect of " 1+1 > 2 ", by that analogy, this system can add the more regions module such as pig culture zone, biogas generating pit again, finally can accomplish the plantation of the comprehensive ecological mutualism of different scales and structure, cultivating system.In addition, except the application in scale plantation, cultivation, the mixed planting cultivating system of organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis also can be miniaturized, home dwelling or commercial undertaking (as office building, bar, dining room etc.) can be applied to, to go in the equipment of ornamental fish and vegetable symbiotic system or middle-size and small-size system.
The 3rd embodiment is as shown in Figure 3 the mixed planting cultivating system of a kind of application organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis on balcony, comprise aquaculture district, matrix treatments district and plantation frame, wherein: described aquaculture district comprises views and admires fish jar, precipitation separation device and nitriary; View and admire fish jar and raise pet fish or food fish, make it have sight and real economy value; The described breeding wastewater viewed and admired in fish jar enters described precipitation separation device and filters, the solid organic matters (as fish ight soil, food-residue etc.) precipitated and isolated enters matrix treatments district and processes, clear water after filtration enters described nitriary and carries out nitrated process, water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary flows into and views and admires fish jar, also can flow into described plantation frame; The planting matrix that described matrix treatments district produces enters described plantation frame, the soilless culture plantation carrying out plant (veterinary antibiotics and flowers etc.) produces plantation product, after terminating planting season, the planting matrix that described plantation frame produces can enter matrix treatments district again, again carry out compost fermentation and biological treatment with the solid organic matters precipitated and isolated from breeding wastewater, form new planting matrix.Rubbish from cooking also can enter matrix treatments district, is added to row compost fermentation and biological treatment as fertilizer, thus reduces the environmental pollution because the outer row of rubbish from cooking causes.The new water of outer benefit can add the moisture viewed and admired and supplement consumption in fish jar and plantation frame.Plantation frame be three-dimensional balcony planting frame, sight and space utilization better.In addition, because the lighting conditions in general family is not as day-light greenhouse, so can add according to the situation of long-term cropping the deficiency that artificially feed carrys out supplementary sunlight, light filling light fixture can adopt LED kind to plant lamp group, and light filling efficiency is high, and energy consumption is lower.
The Advantageous Effects that the present invention reaches is: the seed output and quality that 1) improve planting (as veterinary antibiotics, flowers etc.), reaches the output suitable with main flow soilless culture, realizes high-quality, the high yield of long-term cropping; 2) solve the problem of the too high and salt enrichment of the nutrient concentration of water in aquaculture system, improve cultivate water, make aquaculture safer, achieve aquatic product quality and output promotes; 3) decrease nitriary construction scale, reduce the input cost of nitrated matrix, reduce fish and vegetable symbiotic system constructing cost; 4) by organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis, achieve the ecosystem of fish and vegetable symbiotic mutual benefit truly, improve the availability of water, achieve " multi-purpose water ", and reduce damage by water consumption, achieve the outer row of breeding wastewater zero; 5) by organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis, achieve the input cost reducing fertilizer in planting process, plantation fertilizer all can be provided by system self; 6) provide the production decision of organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis, achieve aquatic products and the plant development pattern of sustainable development.
The above embodiment only have expressed embodiments of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (4)
1. a mixed planting cultivating system for organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis, is characterized in that, comprises aquaculture district, matrix treatments district and growing area, wherein: described aquaculture district comprises fishpond, multi stage precipitation separator and nitriary; Breeding wastewater in described fishpond enters described multi stage precipitation separator and carries out sedimentation and filtration, the solid organic matters precipitated and isolated enters matrix treatments district and processes, clear water after filtration enters described nitriary and carries out nitrated process, and the water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary flows into described fishpond and described growing area respectively; The planting matrix that described matrix treatments district produces enters described growing area, and after terminating planting season, the waste and old planting matrix that described growing area produces enters matrix treatments district again and processes.
2. the mixed planting cultivating system of organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise worm culture zone, chicken culture zone and apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection, wherein: the worm excrement that described worm culture zone produces enters matrix treatments district and processes; Described worm culture zone provides fish meal for described fishpond; Described worm culture zone provides chicken feed for described chicken culture zone; Water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary is via being supplied to described chicken culture zone after apparatus for ultraviolet disinfection disinfection; The chicken manure that described chicken culture zone produces enters described matrix treatments district and processes.
3. the mixed planting cultivating system of organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fishpond replaces with views and admires fish jar, described growing area replaces with plantation frame, described multi stage precipitation separator replaces with precipitation separation device, wherein: described in the breeding wastewater viewed and admired in fish jar enter described precipitation separation device and filter, the solid organic matters precipitated and isolated enters matrix treatments district and processes, clear water after filtration enters described nitriary and carries out nitrated process, fish jar and described plantation frame is viewed and admired described in water purification after the nitrated process of described nitriary flows into respectively, the planting matrix that described matrix treatments district produces enters described plantation frame, and after terminating planting season, the waste and old planting matrix that described plantation frame produces enters matrix treatments district again and processes.
4. the mixed planting cultivating system of organic substrate fish dish disjunctive symbiosis according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprise LED kind and plant lamp group, for providing artificially feed to plantation frame.
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| CN105766778A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-07-20 | 杭州宅耕农业科技有限公司 | Differential fish and vegetable coexistence system for indoor and outdoor micro-agriculture |
| CN106390538A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-02-15 | 符放中 | Livestock farm liquid manure treatment method and device |
| CN106613879A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-10 | 陈*洪 | Chinese herb and vegetable mixed planting fish disease preventing fish and vegetable symbiotic cultivation system |
| CN106613450A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-10 | 天津兰尚卓居智能科技有限公司 | Fish-vegetable-symbiotic-terminal fish selecting displaying system for fish baking store |
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Application publication date: 20150708 |