CN113526652A

CN113526652A - Biological flora nitration reaction bin of fish-vegetable circulating planting and breeding system

Info

Publication number: CN113526652A
Application number: CN202111018610.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 白相国
Original assignee: Hebei Songsheng Fuyu Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hebei Songsheng Fuyu Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-01
Filing date: 2021-09-01
Publication date: 2021-10-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological flora nitration reaction bin of a fish and vegetable circular planting and breeding system, which comprises a precipitation bin, a first-stage nitration bin, a transition bin, a second-stage nitration bin, a last-stage nitration bin and an online detection module, wherein a water inlet of the precipitation bin is connected with a circular water inlet, a water outlet of the precipitation bin is connected with a water inlet of the first-stage nitration bin, a water outlet of the first-stage nitration bin is connected with a water inlet of the transition bin, a water outlet of the transition bin is connected with a water inlet of the second-stage nitration bin, a water outlet of the second-stage nitration bin is connected with a water inlet of the last-stage nitration bin, and a water outlet of the last-stage nitration bin is connected with a water culture bed. Biotransformation and low cost, effectively solves the problem of processing kitchen waste in villages, can be recycled continuously, and has organic and controllable feed.

Description

Biological flora nitration reaction bin of fish-vegetable circulating planting and breeding system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fish and vegetable circular planting and breeding, in particular to a biological flora nitration reaction bin of a fish and vegetable circular planting and breeding system.

Background

The traditional aquaculture mode is mainly a feeding type fish culture mode, and the culture process is replaced at the cost of consuming natural resources and polluting the environment. Every kilogram of fish per day discharges 1-2 g of ammonia nitrogen, 3-5 g of BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), 5-6 g of dissolved oxygen (equivalent to natural oxygen recovery of 1 square meter per water surface for 2 days) in water to pollute the water body of 15 square meters.

Although the traditional vegetable planting mode is changed by the current greenhouse vegetable planting technology, the problems of insufficient land capability and large use of chemical fertilizers and frequent use of pesticides for diseases widely exist in the planting process, and the accumulation and discharge of a large amount of pollutants are formed. The vegetable planting mode applying the soilless culture technology can quickly and efficiently utilize various mineralized nutrient elements using water as a carrier, and does not need a buffering process of organic fermentation microorganism decomposition like soil cultivation, so that vegetable plants grow faster than soil, the utilization rate of rich water is higher, and the control of environmental sewage discharge is easier. However, the vegetable planting mode has high technical requirements and large investment, and general farmers can not breed and learn and can not popularize the vegetable planting mode on a large scale.

The fish and vegetable circular planting and breeding mode is a novel composite farming mode, two originally completely different farming technologies of aquaculture and vegetable planting are closely linked through a biological flora nitration reaction control technology, the nitrification of microorganism nitrobacteria is fully utilized, excrement and secretion of fish provide nutrition for vegetables, and the root system of the vegetables purifies the water quality of fish culture. Therefore, a circulating system for cultivating vegetables and water by fish and making vegetables to be purified is formed, the material energy flows towards the favorable direction of both the vegetables and the fish, and a sustainable and zero-emission low-carbon circulating planting and breeding production mode is provided for solving the agricultural ecological crisis.

In nature, nitrifying bacteria are autotrophic bacteria capable of degrading ammonia and nitrite, and form nitrogen circulation through mutual transfer and transformation in animals and plants, and play an important role in the nitrifying bacteria. In aquaculture, the nitrification of nitrifying bacteria is used for completing ammonia nitrogen oxidation and nitrite oxidation, among trinitrogen (NH 3-N, NO 2-N, NO 3-N) in aquaculture water, NH 3-N and NO 2-N have strong toxicity, and the nitrifying bacteria can convert nitrite into nitrate to be utilized by vegetable root systems, so that the effect of purifying water quality is achieved; however, these nitrosobacteria, nitrifying bacteria or anammox bacteria grow very slowly.

Research experiments show that the key factors influencing the nitration reaction mainly comprise the following factors: temperature: the nitration reaction of the biological flora can be carried out at the temperature of 4-45 ℃, and the optimal temperature is about 20-30 ℃. Temperature affects not only the specific growth rate of nitrifying bacteria, but also the activity of nitrifying bacteria. The maximum specific growth rate of nitrifying bacteria is related to temperature by: the maximum specific growth rate is doubled (within the range of 5-35 ℃) when the temperature is increased by 10 ℃. The temperature exceeds 35 ℃, and the nitration reaction rate is reduced. When the temperature is lower than 4 ℃, the activity of the nitrifying bacteria is basically stopped. For a system for simultaneously removing organic matters and carrying out nitration reaction, when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the nitration rate is sharply reduced. Accumulation of nitrite nitrogen is often shown under low temperature conditions (12-14 ℃). PH and alkalinity: the alkalinity of 1g of ammonia nitrogen in the nitrification reaction is consumed by 7.14g (calculated by CaCO 3), so if the aquaculture water body has insufficient alkalinity, the pH can be rapidly reduced along with the nitrification, the nitrifying bacteria are very sensitive to the pH, the activity of the nitrite bacteria and the nitrate bacteria is strongest when the activity is respectively 7.0-7.8 and 7.7-8.1, and the activity of the nitrite bacteria and the nitrate bacteria is rapidly reduced when the pH exceeds the range. pH is an important factor affecting the nitrification rate. ③ dissolved oxygen: nitrifying bacteria have strong aerobic property, and the nitration reaction can be carried out only under the aerobic condition. The DO concentration can also influence the nitrification reaction rate and the growth speed of nitrifying bacteria, and in order to meet the normal nitrification reaction, the DO concentration is more than 4mg/L, generally 2-4 mg/L in an active culture water system; when the DO is lower than 0.5-0.7 mg/L, the nitration process is limited. Carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N): in the nitrification process, because nitrite and nitrifying bacteria are autotrophic bacteria and have slow proliferation speed, when the organic matters in the aquaculture water body are high, heterotrophic bacteria with high proliferation speed can rapidly proliferate, so that the nitrifying bacteria cannot become dominant species. Therefore, the smaller the COD/TN in the aquaculture water body, i.e. the lower the concentration of COD, the larger the proportion of nitrifying bacteria, and the easier the nitrification reaction is. The nitration reaction generally requires a COD/TN of 10 to 15. Other inhibitory substances: the inhibition allowable concentration of free ammonia is 10-150 mg/L of nitrous acid, and the concentration of nitrate is 0.1-1 mg/L. Ammonia nitrogen is a main substrate for nitrification and needs to be kept at a certain concentration, but when the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen exceeds 100-200 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen can inhibit the nitrification reaction, and the inhibition degree of the ammonia nitrogen is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen. Certain organic matters, heavy metals, cyanides, sulfur, harmful substances such as biological substances, free ammonia and the like can inhibit the normal running of the nitration reaction when reaching a certain concentration.

At present, the number of real pure fish and vegetable circular planting and breeding farms is small at home, and few or no supporting facilities are researched for fish and vegetable circular planting and breeding and production. Most of the products are popularized by matching with catering, sightseeing and circulating planting and breeding of fish and vegetables. In recent years, the planting concept of fish-rice symbiosis is greatly popularized in the whole country, but the achievement is not obvious. The method is mainly influenced by factors of high early investment cost, imperfect fish and vegetable circular planting and breeding technology, difficulty in grasping the balance of a biological flora symbiotic system and the like. Therefore, a biological flora nitration reaction bin of a fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding system is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to a biological flora nitration reaction bin of a fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding system, which aims to continuously and quickly convert amino acid and ammonia nitrogen naturally formed by substances such as fish excrement, residual bait and the like into ionic nutrient substances directly absorbed by vegetable root systems by controlling the nitration of biological flora, ensure the more rapid growth of vegetables and purify water quality, but in a natural state, the ammonia nitrogen is slowly oxidized and has longer nitration time, so that the nutritional requirement of the growth of water-cultured vegetables and the water quality requirement of high-density cultured fish cannot be directly met. According to the growth characteristics of nitrifying bacteria, physical and biochemical conditions in the living environment of the nitrifying bacteria are improved or changed, so that the quantity of the nitrifying bacteria is increased rapidly, nitrification is accelerated, ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation are completed rapidly, the quantity of the nitrifying bacteria is maintained for a long time, and a stable balance state is achieved.

The essence of the nitrifying bacteria nitrification reaction control technology is that the excrement of the fish in the aquaculture water body provides nutrition for the vegetables through the nitrification of nitrifying bacteria, the root systems of the vegetables absorb nutrient substances to purify water quality, energy substances are subjected to virtuous circulation on site and respectively flow towards the favorable directions of the fish and the vegetable, and the ecological balance of the fish and the vegetable is kept and maintained for a long time.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the technical principle is as follows: the method is characterized in that energy substances are subjected to biological and ecological transformation reaction, a water body (culture tail water energy) enters a nitrification bin, and the nitrogen compound oxidation process is completed under the nitrification action; namely, ammonia is oxidized into nitrous acid and nitrous acid is oxidized into nitric acid, and the energy conversion is completed by ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrous acid oxidizing bacteria respectively; essentially, the missing electrons on the nitrogen atom are transferred to the oxygen atom.

(ii) ammoxidation

NH3+1.5O2+ nitrosomonas → NO 2- + H2O + H +

NH3+O2→NO2－+3H++2e－

(ii) nitrous acid oxidation reaction

NO 2- + CO2+0.5O2+ Nitrobacter → NO 3-

NO2－+H2O→NO3－+2H++2e－

The design scheme is as follows:

the design principle comprises the following steps: the nitrification bin adopts a closed partition bin-dividing design, so that different bacteria can fully play a role; the water body ratio is 5:100, the growth requirements of aquaculture and water culture vegetables can be met simultaneously, and the water quality can be kept within a normal range; the water flow is natural and gentle, nitrifying bacteria are tiny microorganisms, the water flow cannot be too fast, and otherwise, the biochemical efficiency can be directly influenced; setting oxygen increasing and heat preserving measures, wherein dissolved oxygen and temperature of a water body are the most basic conditions for survival and propagation of nitrobacteria, and important regulation functions need to be played;

the component composition includes: a glass fiber reinforced plastic housing; and (3) bin level: dividing the container into five independent bins for ABCDE, wherein each bin is provided with a top cover; PVC pipe fitting connecting tube: each bin is connected by a PVC pipe fitting; k series biochemical ball: the biochemical ball is made of polyamide; intelligent monitoring data analysis integrated module: the device comprises a detection probe, a connecting wire and an integrated module; the device comprises a water inlet sedimentation bin, a first-stage nitrification bin, a transition bin, a second-stage nitrification bin, a water outlet sedimentation bin and an online detection control module, wherein a water inlet of the water inlet sedimentation bin is connected with a water outlet at the bottom of a fish pond, a water outlet of the sedimentation bin is connected with a water inlet of the first-stage nitrification bin through a PVC pipe fitting, a water outlet of the first-stage nitrification bin is connected with a water inlet of the transition bin through a PVC pipe fitting, a water outlet of the transition bin is connected with a water inlet of the second-stage nitrification bin through a PVC pipe fitting, a water outlet of the second-stage nitrification bin is connected with a water ploughing bed, the water ploughing bed is connected with a water storage pool, the water inlet sedimentation bin contains flora such as saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis, ferment bacteria and the like, the first nitrifying bacteria are contained in the first-stage nitrification bin, the second-stage nitrification bin contains a second nitrifying bacteria, the water outlet sedimentation bin is internally provided with a filtering hairbrush, the bin bodies of the water inlet sedimentation bin, the primary nitrification bin, the transition bin, the secondary nitrification bin and the water outlet sedimentation bin are all made of glass fiber reinforced plastic materials, and top covers are arranged at the tops of the water inlet sedimentation bin, the primary nitrification bin, the transition bin, the secondary nitrification bin and the water outlet sedimentation bin;

the process flow comprises the following steps: the water in the fish pond flows into five ABCDE positions in sequence by means of natural fall to form ecological energy conversion, and finally flows into a hydroponic bed. The A chamber is a water inlet sedimentation chamber and is provided with a water baffle which mainly contains heterotrophic bacteria flora such as saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis, ferment bacteria and the like and decomposes bottom sediment; the B chamber is a first-stage nitrification chamber, nitrobacteria mainly carry out nitrification reaction, water is rolled upwards by utilizing a liquid level difference at a water outlet, K series biochemical balls are used as substrates to culture the nitrobacteria, and the quantity of the nitrobacteria directly influences the quantity of decomposing nitrite into nitrate; the C bin is a transition bin, a water inlet is downward for mainly treating floating objects, and good biological bacteria are decomposed and fermented; the D bin is a secondary nitrification bin, nitrifying bacteria mainly carry out nitrification reaction again, a water outlet upwards utilizes the liquid level difference to roll water, K series biochemical balls are used as a substrate to secondarily decompose nitrite, and the quick and effective absorption of nutrient components by vegetables is achieved; the E chamber is a water outlet sedimentation chamber, a filtering hairbrush is arranged in the E chamber to purify a small amount of floating materials in the water body, and the water outlet naturally flows into the water cultivation bed by utilizing the liquid level difference to plant vegetables. After the vegetables absorb the nitrates, the water flows into the reservoir, and the water is pumped into the fish pond by the circulating water pump to form an ecological closed cycle. In the whole process, the quantity of the nitrifying bacteria in the nitrification bin is controlled by maintaining or changing the physical and biochemical conditions of the living environment of the nitrifying bacteria, so that the aim of controlling the nitrification reaction is fulfilled.

Through the technical scheme, the nitrification bin utilizes the growth habit of nitrifying bacteria to keep or change the physical condition for the existence of the nitrifying bacteria to control the nitrification reaction process;

more preferably: the temperature of the bin body is controlled by an online intelligent detection module, a heat insulation material is adopted, a heating adjusting facility is arranged for a key bin position, and the temperature in the bin is kept or changed by an adjusting scheme formulated by an artificial intelligent analysis module;

more preferably: the water flow speed of the bin body is controlled by the online intelligent detection module, the water body keeps a natural flowing state, the water flow speed is controlled to be 50 tons/hour or 60 tons/hour on average through an adjusting scheme formulated by the artificial intelligent analysis module, the flow in the bin keeps differentiation, and the water flow speed can enable nitrobacteria to stably stay in the nitrification bin for a long time;

more preferably: the biochemical ball substrate is added, K-series biochemical balls are selected, the specification is 1cm in diameter, the material is light and can float on the water body, and folds are designed on the balls so as to facilitate the attachment of nitrifying bacteria;

through the technical scheme, the biochemical control of the nitration reaction, the nitrifying bacteria are autotrophic bacteria, and the survival rate of the nitrifying bacteria is far less than that of heterotrophic bacteria for oxidizing organic matters. By combining the growth characteristics of nitrobacteria, the technology of inoculating and culturing the nitrobacteria is adopted, and domestication is repeatedly carried out, so that the reproductive growth of the nitrobacteria is accelerated, the balanced state of energy conversion is achieved in a short time, and the ecological balance relationship of nitrobacteria can be maintained for a long time.

More preferably: setting a slow oxygen increasing device to implement dissolved oxygen control, and keeping a higher dissolved oxygen level according to an adjusting scheme established by an artificial intelligence analysis module according to the fact that nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria are all the characteristics of anaerobic bacteria, wherein the dissolved oxygen value flowing into a water body is controlled to be more than 5 mg/L; during the water culture period, the concentration is kept above 8mg/L, otherwise nitrification is inhibited, and if necessary, a liquid oxygen technology is slowly added to increase the dissolved oxygen level;

more preferably: according to the characteristics that the optimum pH values of nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria are 8 and 7 respectively, the nitrification type and nitrification products can be controlled by controlling the pH value in the water body through an adjusting scheme formulated by an artificial intelligent analysis module by utilizing the difference of the optimum pH values of nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria;

more preferably: controlling the ammonia nitrogen concentration, and adjusting the feeding time or times of the fish feed according to an adjusting scheme formulated by an artificial intelligent analysis module according to the molecular state free ammonia inhibition characteristic that the nitrifying bacteria are more susceptible than the nitrosomonas, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the ammonia nitrogen concentration;

more preferably: controlling the characteristic that the EC value is in a range of 1-2mmhos/cm (or mS/cm) suitable for the growth of the vegetables, and properly adding nutrient substances according to the concentration of soluble ions in the measured liquid fertilizer by an adjusting scheme formulated by an artificial intelligent analysis module to ensure the normal growth of the vegetables.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biological flora nitration reaction bin of a fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding system of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a biological flora nitration reaction bin of a fish and vegetable circular planting and breeding system in the fish and vegetable circular planting and breeding system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of hardware equipment of a biological flora nitrification reaction bin of the fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding system of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a technical structural diagram of an artificial intelligent monitoring module;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the hardware device of the intelligent monitoring module.

In the figure: the device comprises a precipitation bin 1, a first-stage nitrification bin 2, a transition bin 3, a second-stage nitrification bin 4, a last-stage nitrification bin 5, an online detection module 6, a PVC pipe fitting 7, a heater 8, an oxygenation device 9 and a monitor 10.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description, wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting, wherein certain elements may be omitted, enlarged or reduced in size, and are not intended to represent the actual dimensions of the product, so as to better illustrate the detailed description of the invention.

Example 1

The nitrification bin structure is shown in figure 1.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme biological fungus crowd nitration storehouse of planting and breeding in circulation of fish dish, nitrify storehouse 2, excessive storehouse 3, second grade, nitrify storehouse 4, last one-level including deposiing storehouse 1, one-level, the water inlet and the circulation water inlet of deposiing storehouse 1 are connected, the delivery port and the one-level of deposiing storehouse 1 nitrify storehouse 2 water inlet and pass through PVC pipe fitting 7 and be connected, the delivery port and the water inlet of second grade nitrify storehouse 4 of excessive storehouse 3 are connected through PVC pipe fitting 7, the delivery port and the last one-level of deposiing storehouse 4 of nitrify storehouse 5 are connected through PVC pipe fitting 7 to the delivery port of second grade nitrify storehouse 4, the delivery port and the water ploughing bed of last one-level nitrify storehouse 5 are connected, the water ploughing bed is connected with the cistern, contain yeast in the deposiing storehouse 1, The biological filter comprises flora such as bacillus subtilis, ferment bacteria and the like, wherein the first-stage nitrification bin 2 contains nitrifying bacteria I, the second-stage nitrification bin 4 contains nitrifying bacteria II, the last-stage nitrification bin 5 contains a filter brush, the material of the sedimentation bin 1, the first-stage nitrification bin 2, the transition bin 3, the second-stage nitrification bin 4 and the last-stage nitrification bin 5 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, and top covers are arranged at the tops of the sedimentation bin 1, the first-stage nitrification bin 2, the transition bin 3, the second-stage nitrification bin 4 and the last-stage nitrification bin 5;

the invention mainly utilizes beneficial floras such as nitrifying bacteria, anaerobic floras and the like cultured in a water body to effectively combine the beneficial floras and take the responsibility of each beneficial floras, and finally obtains the nitrate fertilizer which can be directly absorbed by vegetables. Thereby achieving the ecological mode of 'culturing fish without changing water, planting vegetables and fertilizing'.

The water in the fish pond directly flows into the precipitation bin 1, and the precipitation bin 1 mainly has the function of ammonia nitrogen conversion, and can generate a large amount of nitrite while converting the ammonia nitrogen into nitrate;

the water in the settling bin 1 flows into a first-stage nitrification bin 2, and the first-stage nitrification bin 2 mainly has nitrifying bacteria for nitrification reaction; nitrifying bacteria-the main purpose is to decompose nitrites to nitrates;

the water in the first-level nitrification bin 2 flows into the transition bin 3, and the main function is to decompose and ferment floating objects by good biological bacteria and generate nitrite while decomposing and fermenting;

the water in the transition bin 3 flows into the secondary nitrification bin 4, the nitrifying bacteria II in the secondary nitrification bin 4 are mainly cultured by K series mixed biochemical balls and are used for secondarily decomposing nitrite in the water in the bin, and the nitrite is more thoroughly and effectively decomposed for the second time, so that the nutrient components quickly and effectively absorbed by vegetables can be achieved;

the water in the second-stage nitrification bin 4 flows into the last-stage nitrification bin 5, a filtering brush is arranged in the bin to purify a small amount of floating materials in the water body, the water flows to a hydroponic bed by utilizing the liquid level difference through a water outlet of the last-stage nitrification bin 5 after purification is finished, vegetables are planted, the circulating water flows into a reservoir after the vegetables absorb the nitrate, the water is pumped into a fish pond by a water pump, an ecological closed cycle is formed, the purposes that the water is not changed when fish is cultured and the fertilizer is not applied when the vegetables are planted are achieved.

Furthermore, the water outlet of the first-stage nitrification bin 2 is upward, and nitrifying bacteria I are cultured by K1 biochemical balls;

the design that the water outlet is upward makes use of the liquid level difference to roll water and increase the oxygen content in the bin.

Further, the water inlet of the transition bin 3 is downward;

the downward design of the water inlet is mainly used for treating floating objects in the bin.

Further, the nitrifying bacteria II are cultured by K series mixed biochemical balls.

Further, on-line measuring module 6 includes heater 8, oxygenation device 9, monitor 10, intelligent collection moulding piece, temperature-sensing ware, multi-functional water quality detector, test probe, connecting wire and collection moulding piece, sediment storehouse 1, excessive storehouse 3 and last one-level nitrify storehouse 5 and all be provided with monitor 10 and monitoring line.

For the convenience of understanding the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed description will be made on the working principle or the operation mode of the present invention in the practical process.

1. Producing ammonia nitrogen from breeding excrement

In the process of fish culture, after the feed is digested by fish, excrement and urine are discharged to generate a large amount of ammonia nitrogen; secondly, the residual bait is precipitated in the A bin, and is converted into peptide and amino acid through anaerobic bacteria, and then molecular ammonia and ammonium ion substances are generated;

the quantity of ammonia nitrogen produced is determined by the density of the cultured fish and the feed consumption; secondly, the amount of ammonia nitrogen produced can be controlled by controlling the feed feeding; thirdly, the amount of the fed feed is analyzed by monitoring data, and then the time, the times and the amount of the fed feed are given;

2. first stage nitrosation

Ammonia nitrogen molecules enter a nitrification bin, and under the action of nitrite bacteria, ammonium radicals (NH4+) are oxidized into nitrite radicals (NO 2-) to generate nitrite; firstly, under the normal condition in the nitrification bin, the rate of oxidizing ammonia into nitrous acid is faster than the rate of oxidizing nitrous acid into nitric acid, and secondly, the oxidation speed of the nitrous acid is related to PH; the pH value range of ammonia oxidation to nitrous acid is approximately 7.8-8.8; nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria commonly exist in the nitrification bin, live together, are beneficial to each other and cannot exist independently; controlling pH value to regulate the oxidation rate of ammonia to nitrous acid;

3. while the second stage is nitration

Under the action of nitrate bacteria, nitrite (NO 2-) is oxidized into nitrate (NO 3-) to generate nitrate; under the normal condition in the nitrification bin, the rate of oxidizing ammonia into nitrous acid is faster than the rate of oxidizing nitrous acid into nitric acid, and nitrite accumulation is generally not formed; secondly, controlling the temperature of the water body within 15-30 ℃, and completely oxidizing nitrous acid formed in the nitration process into nitric acid; the accumulation of nitrite can be formed when the temperature of the water body is too low or too high; thirdly, automatically adjusting the temperature of the water body by using a heater; the nitration reaction rate is related to the dissolved oxygen value, and the dissolved oxygen device is automatically controlled according to the monitored water quality data to achieve the control of the nitration balance relation;

4. soluble salt ion outflow nitration bin

The water flows out of the nitrification bin, and the fed feed contains a large amount of organic elements and is rich in nutrient substances such as sodium ions, magnesium ions, calcium ions, phosphate ions, sulfate radicals, nitrate ions and the like; the EC value and the carbon-nitrogen ratio represent the quantity of nutrient substances in the water body; providing the accurate amount of feed feeding regulation through data analysis according to the EC value;

monitoring control system based on artificial intelligence technology

1. The hardware device includes: 1, intelligent integrated module; 1 temperature sensor; the third, multi-functional water quality detector, 3 pieces;

2. data analysis

(1) Digital detection module for key factors of water quality in nitrification bin

The nitration bin is connected with two different production mode core equipment of water planting vegetables and aquaculture, and the key factor that influences its efficiency mainly includes: the temperature, the flow rate, the PH value, the dissolved oxygen, the ammonia nitrogen, the EC value and the like, and the key factors influence and interact with each other to form a more complex incidence relation. In order to effectively solve the problem, the design of the nitrification bin adopts a statistical analysis method, and a three-dimensional distribution map (data modeling) of the water quality key factor index is established according to the change gradient and the comparison rule of the water quality key factor index.

(2) Data analysis and judgment intellectualization

Carrying out comprehensive data analysis on collected key factor data capable of directly influencing nitrification according to a pre-optimization scheme, and giving a production guidance scheme every day;

3. intelligent regulation and control

The regulation control implementation provided by the daily system: firstly, providing a feed feeding scheme for each production unit (determining feeding time, quantity and times); providing a scheme for improving the pH value for the nitrification bin of each production unit; providing an oxygenation scheme for the nitrification bin of each production unit; fourthly, providing a temperature increasing scheme for the nitration bin of each production unit; providing a scheme for adjusting the flow rate of the water body for the nitrification bin of each production unit;

4. automatic early warning over-limit value

The early warning system includes: firstly, water temperature overrun alarm: below 15 ℃ and above 30 ℃; and secondly, alarming when the ammonia nitrogen value exceeds the limit: above 0.08 mg/L; and (3) alarming for the DO value of the dissolved oxygen exceeding: below 4 mg/L; alarming when nitrite value exceeds limit: above 0.05 mg/L; and fifthly, alarming when the pH value exceeds the limit: below 6.5 and above 7.5; sixthly, alarm of EC value overrun: less than 0.5mS/cm and more than 3 mS/cm;

nitrifying bacteria

Nitrifying bacteria are a group of autotrophic bacteria capable of degrading ammonia and nitrite, including two physiological subgroups of the genera nitrosobacteria and nitrifying bacteria, which belong to an independent family, nitrifying bacillaceae. Nitrifying bacteria use nitrification to oxidize inorganic compounds to obtain energy to meet their own metabolic demands, and CO2 is the only carbon source, and is typically an energetic inorganic nutrient bacterium.

(1) Species of nitrifying bacteria: respectively consists of two types of chemoautotrophic microorganisms, namely nitrosobacteria and oxidative nitrifying bacteria;

nitrosation bacteria: the nitrosomonas bacterium comprises two groups of nitrosomonas bacterium and nitrosospira bacterium, (the nitrosomonas bacterium comprises nitrosomonas Europaea and nitrosococcus mobilis, and the nitrosospira bacterium comprises all strains belonging to the genus Nitrosococcus, Nitrosclerotia and Nitrospira);

oxidizing nitrifying bacteria: including the genus Nitrobacter, Nitraria, Nitrococcus, Nitrospira;

(iii) other nitrifying bacteria: including heterotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria;

(2) action of nitrifying bacteria: in nature, they exist mainly in the form of molecular nitrogen, organic nitrogen compounds and inorganic nitrogen compounds, which are transferred and transformed mutually in the bodies of microorganisms, animals and plants to form nitrogen cycle, and the microorganisms play a very important role therein, mainly through ammoniation, nitrification, denitrification and nitrogen fixation. Nitrifying bacteria are one of the aerobic bacteria in the above-mentioned microorganisms, which are producers in the food chain and have four major roles.

Decomposing organic matter

The nitrifying bacteria also have a certain effect when decomposing organic matters. Nitrifying bacteria are actually producers, and the work of decomposing organic matters is mainly completed by other heterogeneous bacteria.

② purifying the ammonia concentration

A lot of ammonia gas is generated in the process of aquaculture, the existence of the ammonia gas has great influence on fish or other aquatic organisms, and nitrifying bacteria can oxidize ammonia (NH3) into nitrite (NO-), so that the ammonia concentration is effectively reduced;

③ dissolved oxygen

Nitrifying bacteria can generate certain nitration reaction, the oxygen level in the water body directly influences the process of the nitration reaction, and the nitrifying bacteria can directly consume the dissolved oxygen value of the water body;

adjusting the system balance of the microorganism

In a water circulation system, a plurality of bacterial populations exist, a relatively stable bacterial population is generally selected to stabilize the system, and nitrobacteria can play a role in stabilizing the whole water circulation system;

(3) growth characteristics of nitrifying bacteria: in nature, nitrosobacteria, nitrobacteria or anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria grow very slowly; generally divided into five growth phases:

a delay period: the growth system is used to adapt to the new environment without increasing the number of nitrifying bacteria when they just come into contact with new bodies of water or other living matter. The length of this period depends on the degree of the effect of the new environment on the nitrifying bacteria.

② logarithmic growth phase: after the nitrifying bacteria adapt to a new environment, the nitrifying bacteria quickly oxidize ammonia or nitrite to obtain the period of energy fixing inorganic carbon, so that the organic synthesis reaction is accelerated, the number is increased rapidly, and the number is increased in a logarithmic growth phase and a growth condition system. In this phase, the propagation rate reaches a maximum.

③ decreasing the growing period: when the concentration of ammonia or nitrite is gradually reduced and the nitrifying bacteria increase to a certain point, the remaining growth resources will limit the growth rate of the nitrifying bacteria, so that the increasing number of nitrifying bacteria becomes a very slow period.

Fourthly, in a stationary period: the growth of nitrifying bacteria in the environment is saturated by limiting factors (e.g. insufficient ammonia source), at which point the growth rate equals the death rate and the number of nitrifying bacteria reaches a steady state, also called the equilibrium period. The quiescent period under natural ambient conditions is quite short.

The internal respiratory period: also called the endogenous period. When the ammonia or nitrite in the water system is exhausted, the nitrifying bacteria are in a hungry state and can only utilize the nutrients in the body to continuously carry out the metabolism, so the death rate is greatly increased and the number is greatly reduced.

(4) Environmental conditions for the survival of nitrifying bacteria

All the physical, chemical and biological properties of the nitrifying bacteria in the living environment change, which can affect the growth of the nitrifying bacteria;

temperature: the water body temperature of the nitrifying bacteria is suitable to be 20-28 ℃, and the optimal growth and propagation temperature is about 25 ℃. Generally, nitrifying bacteria stop metabolism at temperatures below 5 ℃ and above 42 ℃, and generally nitrifying bacteria are difficult to survive beyond this range.

Sun light: nitrifying bacteria do not have photosynthetic pigments like green plants and some self-trophic photosynthetic bacteria, and thus cannot synthesize organic substances by photosynthesis using sunlight. Not only can the sunlight be unavailable, but also the sunlight irradiation can be feared.

Thirdly, substrate: nitrifying bacteria require a substrate at a high level, but differ in that their purpose is not to forage for it, but rather the substrate can provide a source of ammonia and nutrients to attach, mask and obtain it. Many nitrifying bacteria cannot propagate without finding a suitable substrate and thus cannot utilize an ammonia source and a nutrient source.

Fourthly, water flow: due to the sessile living characteristics of nitrifying bacteria, it is necessary to transport the living resources such as oxygen, ammonia and nutrients it needs through the water stream.

Competition elimination: the living space of the nitrifying bacteria is subjected to the extrusion pressure of other heterotrophic bacteria, so that the nitrifying bacteria can not be continuously developed and even have the tendency of gradual atrophy.

Nitration

The nitrifying bacteria have nitrification effect, wherein the nitrification effect refers to a process that the nitrifying bacteria oxidize NH3 into nitrite (NO 2-) and further oxidize the nitrite into nitrate (NO 3-) under aerobic conditions to obtain energy required by growth. Nitrification can be divided into two relatively independent and closely related stages. The oxidation of NH3 to NO 2-at the previous stage, known as nitrosation or ammoxidation, is accomplished by nitrosobacteria; the latter stage is the process of NO 2-oxidation to NO 3-, referred to as nitrification, and is accomplished by nitrifying bacteria.

(1) Characteristics of nitration

Purifying aquaculture water: in aquaculture, the nitrification of nitrifying bacteria is used for completing ammonia nitrogen oxidation and nitrite oxidation, among trinitrogen (NH 3-N, NO 2-N, NO 3-N) in aquaculture water, NH 3-N and NO 2-N have strong toxicity, and the nitrifying bacteria can convert nitrite into nitrate to be utilized by vegetable root systems, so that the effect of purifying water quality is achieved; meanwhile, the nitrifying bacteria can assimilate and dissimilate hydrogen sulfide when synthesizing substances of the nitrifying bacteria, so that the effects of purifying water quality and maintaining good aquaculture ecological environment are achieved. In the dynamic equilibrium of NH +4 and NH3 in natural environment, the direction of NH4+ is inclined, so that the concentration of NH 3-is very low, which is also the rate-limiting step in the oxidation of ammonia in nitrification;

② the nitration time generation is longer: the ammonia oxidation mechanism energy utilization of the nitrosobacteria is low, ammonia and nitrous acid in the aquaculture water body are the only energy sources for autotrophic growth of the ammonia oxidizing bacteria and the nitrous acid oxidizing bacteria in turn, so that the low speed and the low efficiency of the productivity in the nitrosation process are caused, and the growth rate of the nitrosobacteria is greatly limited; the nitrification reaction is greatly limited in practical application because the nitrifying bacteria grow longer and have a slow proliferation speed.

(2) Factors influencing nitrification

Temperature: the biological nitrification can be carried out in the range of 4-45 ℃, and the optimal temperature is about 30 ℃. The temperature not only influences the specific growth rate of nitrifying bacteria, but also influences the activity of nitrifying bacteria. The maximum specific growth rate of nitrifying bacteria is related to temperature by: the maximum specific growth rate is doubled (within the range of 5-35 ℃) when the temperature is increased by 10 ℃. The temperature exceeds 35 ℃, and the nitration reaction rate is reduced. When the temperature is lower than 4 ℃, the activity of the nitrifying bacteria is basically stopped. For a system for simultaneously removing organic matters and carrying out nitration reaction, when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the nitration rate is sharply reduced. Accumulation of nitrite nitrogen is often shown under low temperature conditions (12-14 ℃).

PH and alkalinity: the alkalinity of the nitrifying reaction is 7.14g (calculated as CaCO 3) when 1g of ammonia nitrogen is oxidized, so if the alkalinity in the aquaculture water is insufficient, the pH value is rapidly reduced along with the nitrification, the nitrifying bacteria are very sensitive to the pH value, the activity of the nitrite bacteria and the nitrate bacteria is strongest when the nitrite bacteria and the nitrate bacteria are respectively 7.0-7.8 and 7.7-8.1, and the activity of the nitrite bacteria and the nitrate bacteria is rapidly reduced when the pH value exceeds the range. pH is an important factor that affects the rate of nitration.

③ dissolved oxygen: nitrifying bacteria have strong aerobic property, and the nitration reaction can be carried out only under the aerobic condition. The DO concentration can also influence the nitrification reaction rate and the growth speed of nitrifying bacteria, and in order to meet the normal nitrification reaction, the DO concentration is more than 2mg/L, generally 2-3 mg/L in an active culture water system; when the DO is lower than 0.5-0.7 mg/L, the nitration process is limited.

Carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N): in the nitrification process, because nitrite and nitrifying bacteria are autotrophic bacteria and have low proliferation speed, when the organic matters in the culture water body are high, heterotrophic bacteria with high proliferation speed can rapidly proliferate, so that the nitrifying bacteria cannot become dominant species. Therefore, the smaller the COD/TN in the aquaculture water body, i.e. the lower the concentration of COD, the larger the proportion of nitrifying bacteria, and the easier the nitration reaction is. The nitration reaction generally requires a COD/TN of 10 to 15.

Other inhibitory substances: the inhibition allowable concentration of free ammonia is 10-150 mg/L of nitrous acid, and the concentration of nitrate is 0.1-1 mg/L. Ammonia nitrogen is a main substrate for nitrification and needs to be kept at a certain concentration, but when the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen exceeds 100-200 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen can inhibit the nitrification reaction, and the inhibition degree of the ammonia nitrogen is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen. Certain organic matters, heavy metals, cyanides, sulfur, harmful substances such as biological substances, free ammonia and the like can inhibit the normal running of the nitration reaction when reaching a certain concentration.

Design idea

The nitrification bin design is a core device of a fish and vegetable planting and breeding circulation mode, is a connection bridge for two different planting and breeding productions, and mainly has the functions of culturing and inoculating biological nitrobacteria and controlling the balance relation of water quality by using biological floras. The design principle is as follows:

(1) sealing:

according to the living characteristics of nitrifying bacteria, the nitrifying bin adopts a closed partition bin-dividing design, so that different bacteria can fully play a role;

(2) the water body ratio is 1: 100:

the balance problem of nitration reaction is mainly considered, the growth requirements of aquaculture and water culture vegetables can be met simultaneously, and the water quality can be kept within a normal range;

(3) oxygenation and heat preservation measures:

the dissolved oxygen and the temperature of the water body are the most basic conditions for the survival and the propagation of the nitrobacteria and need to play an important regulation role;

the water flow is natural and gentle: nitrifying bacteria are tiny microorganisms, water flow cannot be too fast, and otherwise biochemical efficiency can be directly influenced;

key monitoring of process parameters

(1) Monitoring key factors:

firstly, the water temperature is 10-35℃,

0 to 0.02mg/L of ammonia nitrogen value,

(iii) dissolved oxygen DO concentration is greater than 4mg/L,

Nitrite value of 0-0.02 mg/L,

The pH value is 6.5-8.5,

Sixthly, the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) is 10-15,

Seventhly, the EC value is 1.4-1.8 mS/cm;

(2) controlling and regulating the system: regulating and controlling the circulating water flow rate to be 50-60 tons/hour, and controlling the addition of the nitrating agent to be 10 kg/time;

basic requirements for safety monitoring

(1) Recording data timely to generate a large database;

(2) water temperature overrun alarm, ammonia nitrogen value overrun alarm, dissolved oxygen DO value overrun alarm, nitrite value overrun alarm, PH value overrun alarm and EC value overrun alarm;

(3) the mobile phone end and the computing end can be adjusted and controlled to operate;

design scheme (nitration cabin structure component)

(1) The structural schematic diagram of the ecological nitrification reaction bin is shown in figure 1

(2) Nitration bin assembly

A glass fiber reinforced plastic shell:

bin level: dividing the container into five independent bins for ABCDE, wherein each bin is provided with a top cover;

connecting the PVC pipe fitting with the pipeline: each bin is connected by a PVC pipe fitting;

fourthly, an intelligent monitoring data analysis integrated module: the device consists of a detection probe, a connecting wire and an integrated module;

process flow

And the aquaculture water flows into five ABCDE bins in sequence to form energy ecological transformation.

(1) And (2) cabin A:

firstly, the water in the fishpond directly flows into the fishpond, and the fishpond is called a settling bin;

secondly, heterotrophic bacteria such as saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis, ferment bacteria and the like are mainly used for decomposing bottom sediment;

the main function of the settling bin is to settle organic matters;

fourthly, the floaters enter a first-stage nitrification bin;

(2) and B, cabin B:

firstly, the water flows into the bin A, and the bin is called a first-stage nitrification bin;

the first-stage nitrification bin is mainly provided with nitrifying bacteria for nitrification reaction;

thirdly, the water outlet turns over by utilizing the liquid level difference upwards, the oxygen capacity is increased, and nitrifying bacteria are cultured by utilizing K series biochemical balls;

nitrifying bacteria mainly aim at decomposing nitrite into nitrate;

(3) and C, cabin C:

the water in the bin C flows in from the bin B, and the water inlet is downward for mainly treating floaters;

secondly, the floating material is decomposed and fermented by good biological bacteria, and nitrite can be generated during decomposition and fermentation;

thirdly, the mixture enters a D bin from a C bin to perform secondary nitration reaction;

(4) and (D) cabin:

firstly, water in a bin C flows into the bin, and the bin is called a secondary nitrification bin;

secondly, mainly mixing the biochemical balls in the K series to decompose the nitrite for the second time;

the secondary decomposition is more thorough and effective, and the nutritional ingredients which can be quickly and effectively absorbed by the vegetables can be achieved;

(5) e, cabin E:

the water flows into the D bin, and the D bin is the final-stage sedimentation bin;

secondly, a filtering brush is arranged in the E bin to purify a small amount of floating objects in the water body;

thirdly, the water flows to a hydroponic bed through a water outlet of the E bin by utilizing the liquid level difference to plant vegetables;

fourthly, after the vegetables absorb the nitrates, the water flows into a reservoir, and water is pumped into the fish pond by a water pump;

forming an ecological closed cycle, so that the water is not changed for fish culture, and the fertilizer is not applied for vegetable planting;

the inventive nitrification bin is used for accelerating the culture of beneficial symbiotic microorganism flora, such as nitrifying bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, filamentous bacteria and the like, and the substances and energy participate in the circulation of the next ecological chain through the decomposition and transformation of the microorganisms, and the symbiosis of the substances and the energy can keep a relatively long balance and stable state. The characteristics of the beneficial microorganisms inoculated on the water body can purify water quality and improve disease resistance of fish, and the symbiotic plants can grow better and have stronger disease resistance, thereby completing natural ecotype symbiosis without any treatment of medicinal hormones.

Producing ammonia nitrogen from breeding excrement

the quantity of ammonia nitrogen produced is determined by the density of the cultured fish and the feed consumption;

secondly, the amount of ammonia nitrogen produced can be controlled by controlling the feed feeding;

thirdly, the amount of the fed feed is analyzed by monitoring data, and then the time, the times and the amount of the fed feed are given;

2. first stage nitrosation

Ammonia nitrogen molecules enter a nitrification bin, and under the action of nitrite bacteria, ammonium radicals (NH4+) are oxidized into nitrite radicals (NO 2-) to generate nitrite;

firstly, under the normal condition in the nitrification bin, the rate of oxidizing ammonia into nitrous acid is faster than the rate of oxidizing nitrous acid into nitric acid, and secondly, the oxidation speed of the nitrous acid is related to PH;

the pH value range of ammonia oxidation to nitrous acid is approximately 7.8-8.8;

nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria commonly exist in the nitrification bin, live together, are beneficial to each other and cannot exist independently;

controlling pH value to regulate the oxidation rate of ammonia to nitrous acid;

3. while the second stage is nitration

Under the action of nitrate bacteria, nitrite (NO 2-) is oxidized into nitrate (NO 3-) to generate nitrate;

under the normal condition in the nitrification bin, the rate of oxidizing ammonia into nitrous acid is faster than the rate of oxidizing nitrous acid into nitric acid, and nitrite accumulation is generally not formed;

secondly, controlling the temperature of the water body within 15-30 ℃, and completely oxidizing nitrous acid formed in the nitration process into nitric acid; the accumulation of nitrite can be formed when the temperature of the water body is too low or too high;

thirdly, automatically adjusting the temperature of the water body by using a heater;

the nitration reaction rate is related to the dissolved oxygen value, and the dissolved oxygen device is automatically controlled according to the monitored water quality data to achieve the control of the nitration balance relation;

4. soluble salt ion outflow nitration bin

The water flows out of the nitrification bin, and the fed feed contains a large amount of organic elements and is rich in nutrient substances such as sodium ions, magnesium ions, calcium ions, phosphate ions, sulfate radicals, nitrate ions and the like;

the EC value and the carbon-nitrogen ratio represent the quantity of nutrient substances in the water body;

providing the accurate amount of feed feeding regulation through data analysis according to the EC value; hardware composition

The technical structure of the system is shown in figure 2

The schematic diagram of the installation position of the hardware device is shown in FIG. 3

(3) Hardware device name

1, intelligent integrated module;

1 temperature sensor;

the third, multi-functional water quality detector, 3 pieces;

2. data analysis

(2) Data analysis and judgment intellectualization

Carrying out comprehensive data analysis on collected key factor data capable of directly influencing nitrification according to a pre-optimized scheme, and giving a production scheme every day;

3. intelligent regulation and control

The regulation control implementation provided by the daily system:

firstly, providing a feed feeding scheme for each production unit (determining feeding time, quantity and times);

providing a scheme for improving the pH value for the nitrification bin of each production unit;

providing an oxygenation scheme for the nitrification bin of each production unit;

fourthly, providing a temperature increasing scheme for the nitration bin of each production unit;

providing a scheme for adjusting the flow rate of the water body for the nitrification bin of each production unit;

4. automatic early warning

An overrun early warning system;

firstly, water temperature overrun alarm: below 15 ℃ and above 30 ℃;

and secondly, alarming when the ammonia nitrogen value exceeds the limit: above 5 mg/L;

and (3) alarming for the DO value of the dissolved oxygen exceeding: below 2 mg/L;

alarming when nitrite value exceeds limit: above 0.4 mg/L;

and fifthly, alarming when the pH value exceeds the limit: below 6, above 8;

sixthly, alarm of EC value overrun: less than 0.5mS/cm and more than 3 mS/cm.

1.1, adopting a bacterial colony culture and inoculation mode at multiple levels: and (4) ecological balance.

The microbial population for cleaning water is inoculated in a water body in a staged manner, or a nitrification reactor in which a system is just built is inoculated with nitrifying bacteria to construct a balanced and stable microbial community.

1.2, a simple and practical cultivation water-ploughing bed for floating raft cultivation: saving labor and time.

Placing a piece of foam on which non-woven fabrics are paved in a nutrient solution layer which is 20-30 cm deep, punching holes on the foam, and growing the vegetable root system on a planting bed with flowing water. The wide adaptability of vegetable plants is fully utilized, the adaptability can be changed in the physiological ecology, the properties of the vegetable plants are more similar to those of aquatic plants, and the vegetable plants are beneficial to filtering and purifying water quality and absorbing nutrition. The hydroponic bed is a vegetable planting mode which is easy to realize industrialization, and the circulating structure of the system is simple. And the planting management of the vegetables is convenient, and the labor and the time are saved without carrying out residue treatment after the vegetables are harvested. The vegetable root system mainly takes milky capillary root as main material to absorb water and nutrition and adapt to aquatic environment gradually, and the periphery has partial aerial root to absorb oxygen. The vegetable planted by the method has short growth cycle, good quality, high content of dietary fiber, vitamin and mineral elements, and no toxic or harmful substances.

1.3, a water circulation system with reasonable arrangement: high efficiency and energy saving.

The fish pond, the nitrification bin and the hydroponic bed are organically connected by calculating the liquid level difference through the PVC pipeline, and a circulating pump with lower power is used as power, so that the PVC pipeline has better buffering performance, and can keep better stability regardless of nutrition or dissolved oxygen.

1.4, thing networking + intelligent control system: enabling the industry.

The novel fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding mode is a continuous production system with controllable full life cycle. Advanced artificial intelligence equipment and big data technology are fully utilized, and all links of biological growth are effectively guaranteed, so that fish and vegetables are harmoniously co-located in a green ecological environment. By applying the technology of the Internet of things, a complete industrial chain is constructed through the whole process of breeding, raising and selling from the start of the system, and the mode of the Internet of things and the modernized agriculture is really realized.

Example 2

2.1 design of fish pond

The area of the greenhouse is 24 meters multiplied by 80 meters, and the culture area consists of a fishpond, a circulating pipeline and a circulating pump. The special fishpond design scheme that PVC plastics cask and steelframe supported is used in the fish pond, and is simple and easy practical, and diameter 7 meters height 1.3 meters, water storage 45 tons, 6 fish ponds. The bottom of the fish pond is connected with the nitrification bin and the hydroponic bed through a circulating pipeline, and water naturally flows under the driving of the circulating pump.

Example 3

3.1 microbial ecological nitrification storehouse

The design of the nitrification bin is the core of the fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding system, and the main function is to culture and inoculate beneficial organism flora and control the water quality balance relationship.

3.2 species of beneficial microorganisms

In the novel planting and breeding mode, the most common beneficial symbiotic microorganisms comprise more than ten of nitrobacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, filamentous bacteria and the like. Nitrifying bacteria can convert nitrite into nitrate to be utilized by algae, thereby playing a role in purifying water quality; the bacillus can inhibit harmful microorganisms such as vibrio, escherichia coli and fungi in aquaculture, decompose harmful substances in a culture pond, help the root growth of vegetables and prevent and treat diseases caused by a plurality of fungi such as gray mold and powdery mildew of the vegetables. The ferment bacteria are also an indispensable flora in the system, and the ferment can produce various enzymes, organic acids and vitamins; other flora also play a crucial role in this system, in combination with beneficial flora, including em flora, which is common in both aquaculture and agriculture.

3.3 accelerated nitration

Under the general condition, the growth generation time of nitrifying bacteria is longer, in order to accelerate the nitration reaction time, materials such as biochemical balls and the like are placed in the nitrification bin to improve the nitrification efficiency, quickly decompose organic matters, purify the ammonia concentration, dissolve oxygen and adjust the system balance of microorganisms;

3.4 periodic addition of microbial solution to the Water circulation System

3.5 periodic detection of Water quality

The water quality index comprises ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, sulfide index, carbon dioxide index, dissolved oxygen index, conductivity index and the like. Some indexes can be acquired through an online sensor of a computer, some indexes can be read by a manual detector, when the change of water quality is not beneficial to the growth of fishes or vegetables, the regulation and control are needed, the automatic regulation and control can be realized through computer and mobile phone system software, and meanwhile, the manual regulation is assisted;

3.6 control of index of Water quality

The total nitrogen content in the water body with poor ammonia nitrogen absorption capacity in the seedling stage of the ammonia nitrogen vegetables is high. Along with the increase of the absorption capacity and the water purification capacity of the vegetables when the vegetative growth is accelerated, the ammonia nitrogen removal capacity is strongest when the ammonia nitrogen in the water is reduced at the peak of the vegetative growth period, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water is reduced to the lowest point. Then the culture medium is shifted to a reproductive growth period, the ammonia nitrogen absorbing capacity is obviously reduced, and the ammonia nitrogen content in water is sharply increased.

PH ammonia nitrogen and pH value show positive correlation change trend. Wherein the pH value area of the vegetable at the peak of the nutrient period is an ideal range of the pH value required by the circular planting of fish and vegetables. Generally, the pH value of the fish is 7.5, the dish is preferably 6.5, and a compromise value can be taken as a regulation reference value during management;

secondly, controlling the dissolved oxygen index by taking 4-5 as a lower limit generally, wherein the threshold is suitable for most fishes or floating vegetables;

thirdly, the ammonia nitrogen index is generally controlled to be about 0.2 mg/so that most of fishes are safe in the environment;

fourthly, when the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the water exceeds 80mg/L, the fish can breathe difficultly, although the water has higher dissolved oxygen;

example 4

4.1 Intelligent management control

The novel planting and breeding mode adopts a computer management mode to carry out production, firstly, the workload of manual operation can be reduced, and the accurate production can be realized, the production loss can not occur due to the technical problem, and the 'fool' production mode can be realized as much as possible.

The fish and vegetable management computer is composed of a host and two control modules, the host is a man-machine conversation interface and an expert system software platform, the sub-control module is an intelligent terminal for performing partition management on the planting part and the breeding part, and is also a sensor, if remote monitoring is performed, a communication module and microcomputer operation software are also matched, so that the purpose of remote monitoring management is achieved.

Novel grow mode thing networking system and constitute, include:

two platforms:

novel fish and vegetable planting and breeding mode big data planting and breeding platform and full life cycle fish and vegetable production and marketing platform.

Four major systems:

the system comprises a fish and vegetable cloud data management and control system, a fish and vegetable planting expert guidance system, a product supply chain information system and a product full life cycle tracing system.

Modularizing system hardware:

and carrying out online monitoring and remote monitoring at a PC end, an APP end and a large screen end of the computer.

Example 5

5.1, firstly, reforming and utilizing the existing agricultural production greenhouse. The method has the advantages that an exemplary base is selected at a place with sufficient illumination, water source guarantee and convenient electric traffic, is most suitable for the suburb of Shijiazhuang, can be closer to the market, facilitates direct marketing of products, reduces intermediate transportation links, can change the influence of traditional long-distance transportation on freshness and quality of fish and vegetable products, can exert the regional advantages and market advantages of suburb agriculture, and simultaneously provides the most powerful mode support for the development of urban sightseeing agriculture and order agriculture.

5.2, the developed novel fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding system is technically mature basically, the area ratio of vegetable planting to fish breeding is 7:3, and the ratio is the optimal ratio of material energy recycling. Is also the most core technical base of the fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding system.

And 5.3, laying a pipeline, and installing related equipment and facilities to form a scientific water circulation system. Among the fish dish circulation system of growing, the most scientific design is just through nitrifying the circulating system that storehouse formed an integration between water and the breed water, and this kind of circulating system's structure is mainly through reasonable pipe laying and design, and intelligent or automatic controlgear and part in addition, has constituteed automatic water circulating water processing system, including the circulation return line of fish pond, the inlet tube that adds new water and the back flow after circulation handles to and lay the aeration oxygenation pipe in the bottom of the pool, the pipe fitting has constituteed the pipe-line system of fish pond. In addition, the water culture system is used for a water cultivation bed and a recycling return pipeline absorbed by plant roots, and the design of the pipeline systems ensures that a relatively complete, natural and smooth circulation is formed between the water for water cultivation of vegetables and the water for cultivation of fishes, so that the biological ecological balance effect of each other is achieved.

The feed residue or the fish feces at the bottom of the fish pond flows into the nitrification bin through the pipeline, and after flowing through the nitrification bin, the feed residue or the fish feces are transformed and decomposed by microorganisms, the biological ball is taken as a carrier and inoculated with a plurality of microorganisms to accelerate nitration reaction, the treated water is accompanied with dozens of microorganism flora, macromolecular organic matters which are difficult to be absorbed by vegetables are decomposed into mineral ions which are easy to be absorbed by root systems, the mineral ions slowly flow over a hydroponic bed to be absorbed by the root systems of the vegetables, the backflow water can be injected into a fish pond again after being absorbed by the root systems of the plants, therefore, the symbiotic coexistence relationship among microorganisms, vegetables and fish is formed, the key point that a fish-vegetable circulating planting and breeding system can scientifically introduce plants and microorganisms with the most powerful treatment function into a culture system without adding a large amount of expensive water treatment equipment is also the greatest innovation of the technology.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The biological flora nitration reaction bin of the fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding system is characterized by comprising a water inlet precipitation bin (1), a first-level nitration bin (2), a transition bin (3), a second-level nitration bin (4), a water outlet precipitation bin (5) and an online detection control intelligent module (6), wherein a water inlet of the water inlet precipitation bin (1) is positioned at the bottom of the nitration bin and is connected with a water outlet at the bottom of a fish pond, a water outlet of the precipitation bin (1) is connected with a water inlet of the first-level nitration bin (2) through a PVC pipe (7), a water outlet of the first-level nitration bin (2) is connected with a water inlet of the transition bin (3) through a PVC pipe (7), a water outlet of the transition bin (3) is connected with a water inlet of the second-level nitration bin (4) through a PVC pipe (7), a water outlet of the second-level nitration bin (4) is connected with a water inlet of the water outlet precipitation bin (5) through a PVC pipe (7), the water outlet of the water outlet sedimentation bin (5) is connected with a hydroponic bed, the hydroponic bed is connected with a reservoir, the reservoir is connected with the fish pond through a circulating water pump to form closed circulation, the water inlet settling bin (1) contains floras such as saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis, ferment bacteria and the like, and is provided with a baffle plate, the first-stage nitrification bin (2) contains a biochemical ball and a nitrifying bacterium I, the secondary nitrification bin (4) contains biochemical balls and nitrifying bacteria II, the effluent sedimentation bin (5) contains a filtering brush, the material of the water inlet sedimentation bin (1), the primary nitrification bin (2), the transition bin (3), the secondary nitrification bin (4) and the water outlet sedimentation bin (5) is glass fiber reinforced plastic, the top of the influent precipitation bin (1), the first-stage nitrification bin (2), the transition bin (3), the second-stage nitrification bin (4) and the effluent precipitation bin (5) are all provided with top covers.

2. The biological flora nitration reaction bin of the fish and vegetable circulating culture system according to claim 1, wherein a water outlet of the primary nitration bin (2) is upward, nitrifying bacteria are cultured by K series biochemical balls, the diameter of the K series biochemical balls is 1cm, and wrinkles are arranged on the K series biochemical balls.

3. The biological flora nitrification reaction bin for the fish and vegetable circulation planting and breeding system according to claim 1, wherein a water inlet of the transition bin (3) faces downwards.

4. The biological flora nitration reaction chamber of the fish and vegetable circulating culture system according to claim 1, wherein the nitrifying bacteria II is cultured by K series mixed biochemical balls.

5. The biological flora nitration reaction bin of a fish and vegetable circulating planting and breeding system according to claim 1, wherein the online intelligent detection module (6) comprises a heater (8), an oxygenation device (9), a monitor (10), an intelligent integrated module, a temperature sensor, a multifunctional water quality detector, a detection probe, a connecting wire and an integrated module, and the settling bin (1), the transition bin (3) and the effluent settling bin (5) are provided with monitors (10) and monitoring lines.